DD288977A5 - METHOD FOR CONTROLLING FLOOR TEMPERATURE - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an effective method for combating soil fatigue, which can be used especially in fruit, vegetable and ornamental plants. According to the invention, the mixture of a aqueous solution of sodium N-methyldithiocarbamate and a monomethylammonium salt or a methylammonium N-methyldithiocarbamate aqueous solution and the aqueous solution of a * are mixed with a suitable device immediately before it is poured into the soil and incorporated into the soil. This process allows for the application of the reactants from 5C air temperature. The disinfecting effect of the soil is better than with already known means {soil fatigue; Fruit, vegetable and ornamental plants; Sodium N-methyl dithiocarbamate; Mono-ammonium salt; Methylammonium N-methyldithiocarbamate; *}

Description

Field of application of the invention The invention can be used to combat soil degradation in fruit, vegetable and ornamental crops. Characteristic of the known state of the art Under the modern growing conditions for agricultural and horticultural crops, especially in the fruit, vegetable and

and ornamental plant cultivation, it comes to soil fatigue. It is a phenomenon that contributes to significant growth and growth

Income impairment leads. This can reduce fruit yield to over 60%. At nursery trees and Ornamental plants, the yield of salable plant material is also significantly reduced. The soil tiredness draws

characterized by a high persistence. Typical pathogens that occur in vegetable and ornamental crops are

Root gallbladder, migratory root nematode, soil fungi, bacteria and. a. They occur depending on the soil type, Weather conditions, etc. in different population sizes. To avoid yield reductions is a Soil treatment is essential. For small amounts of soil, z. B. for the decontamination of potting soil, has the attenuation of Proven ground. For energetic reasons, but also due to high manual effort, this method finds in the Practice for large quantities of soil no application. Here it is preferable to apply chemical agents that are effective

be selected on the respective pathogens. Known preparations for soil disinfection are methyl bromide, 1,2-dichloropropene, 1,3-dichloropropane, thiram, various dithiocarbamates and the like. [R. Wegeier; Chemistry of crop protection and

Pesticides, Bd.6; Springer-Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, New York 1981]. Advantageous are those preparations which have a broad biological spectrum of activity, the z. B. an additional effect

against weeds and insects show and may still contribute to the fertilization of the soil.

As a universal agent with very good effect preparations based on Dazomet have proven. They also work in

difficult cases of soil fatigue, e.g. at the replica apple on apple. The disadvantage is the relatively high cost to

Preparation of the agent and the resulting high treatment costs per treated floor area and the large Waiting period. There is a waiting period between the time of the chemical soil decontamination and the Neuhepflanzung or Neuaussaat

depending on the type of soil, soil temperature, soil moisture, coverage u.a. between 2 and 3 weeks.

This creates economic losses for the user and makes it desirable to reduce the waiting period. Object of the invention

The aim of the invention is a method for soil disinfection, which ensures a large biological »Virkungsbreite with minimal technological effort, is also applicable at lower temperatures than usual, shortens the waiting period and allows additional supply of the soil with the trace element copper.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The object of the invention is to minimize the technological complexity for the production, isolation and formulation of a soil disinfectant while still achieving a good biological effect. This object is achieved in that the mixture of an aqueous solution of sodium N-methyldithiocarbamate (A) and a monomethylammonium salt (B) or an aqueous methylammonium N-methyldithiocarbamatlösung (C) and the aqueous solution of a copper (II) - Triethanolamine-formalin complex (D) with a suitable device immediately before

Infused into the soil and incorporated into the soil. All aqueous solutions are in one molar Concentration before. The weight ratio A: B: D or C: D is 1: 1: 4 and 1: 1 to 2, respectively. In practice, the starting materials are applied in the form of 2 components with 1 or 2 reactions each. I. Component 1: A + B and Component 2: D

2. Component 1: C and Component 2: D

The copper (II) triethanolamine formaldehyde complex (D) is prepared from CuSO ₄ .5H ₂ O ₁ triethanolamine and formaldehyde in Molar ratio of 1: 5: 4 formed. Ale monomethylammonium salts are preferably methyl ammonium nitrate, phosphate

or -sujfat used because the soil in Entseuchungsarbeitsgang next to the trace element copper even needed nutrients can be supplied (fertilizer effect).

The components can be applied from 6 ° C air temperature. In the practice of the method are advantageously when using the reactants A, Bund Dzwei (A

and B) are premixed with each other so that only two components need to be mixed in the delivery device.

Suitable application devices are those which can meter in the proportions according to the invention and

which can mix the active substance solutions well mixed in the soil.

The inventive method is surprisingly a high soil contamination with a wide biological Spectrum of activity and very good initial effect even at lower temperatures than previously achieved. Another Advantage of the method is due to the fact that the use of already known in the practice of active ingredients, whose Production is associated with a high technological effort. Furthermore, a shortening of the waiting period compared to standard preparations like Dazomet and Metham-Sodium should be emphasized. Phytotoxic phenomena could not be observed in emergent cultures. The application of the new method is particularly suitable in large fruit, Gomilse and ornamental plant stands. embodiments Example 1: Preparation of component 1 Product quantities for the treatment of 0.5 ha soil. In a 2.5 m ³ reactor (steel, enamelled) 4101 aqueous N-methylamine (about 40Ma .-%) are introduced and with cooling

1241 sulfuric acid of density 1.86 g / cm ³ are metered in over the course of 10 hours so that the temperature remains between 35 and 40 ° C. The resulting N-methyl ivonium sulfate solution has the following physical properties:

Density: : 186g / cm ³ PH value: 4.3 Sulfate content: 354 g / l N-methyl amine content: 228 g / l

It is mixed before use in the required concentration with the defined amount of sodium-N-methyldithiocarabamatlösung used as component 1.

Example 2 Preparation of the Copper Triethanolammonium Formaldehyde Complex (Component 2) 84.71 triethanolamine and 441 formalin (30% by mass) are initially charged in a 1.6 m ³ stirrer (steel, enamelled). Under Stirring is the addition of 28.4kg copper sulphate pentahydrate. At 4O ⁰ C is stirred until the density of 1.24 g / cm ³

is reached. The deep blue solution represents component 2.

Fabric words:

Density: 1.24 g / cm ³ pH: 8.461

Components I and 2 are mixed in the weight ratios according to the invention with a modified BE 3 application device immediately before flowing into the soil and incorporated into the soil.

Example 3 Defined amounts of fatigued soils were in experimental vessels by the novel process in application rates

of 50g of a mixture of components I (A + B or C) and II (D) in the concentrations given below and

Weight ratios per m ² treated. The storage of the covered experimental vessels was carried out at 5 ° C and 20 ^c C. Nach

with a contact time of 5, 10 and 15 days, the vessels were opened, the soil loosened and lettuce of the variety 'VERNA' laid out. After complete emergence of the lettuce seeds in unbehar.deltor control was after the inventive

Method achieved soil disinfection depending on the soil temperature and the exposure time with the effect of Methane sodium and Dazomet determined as standard at comparable application rates. The percentages are compared

the accumulated plants. The process according to the invention shows clear advantages.

The following symbols were used in the table for the involved reactants: A: 1 M aqueous solution of sodium N-methyldithiocarbamate B: 1 M aqueous solution of methyl ammonium nitrate C: 1 M aqueous solution of methylammonium N-methyldithiocarbamate D: 1m aqueous solution of a copper triethanolamine-formalin Kompioxes (based on Cu) in a molar ratio 1: 5: 4

Table 1: Examination of the effect of soil disinfectants as a function of the soil temperature and the exposure time (greenhouse experiment) using the example of lettuce

preparation accumulated plants in% 20 ⁰ C 1O.Tag 20'C 1 B.day 20 "C B.Tag 1-6 5 'C 60 5 "C 65 6 ⁰ C 0 1.6 0 10 0 Metham Sodium (known) 0 75 0 66.5 0 75 Dazomer (known) 0 70 61.6 70 65 76.5 Weight ratio A: B: D = 0.5: 0.5: 2 (according to the invention) 70 71 69 73 70 76 Weight ratio C: D = 1: 1 (according to the invention) 68.6 71 70 Weight ratio C: D = 1: 2 (according to the invention) 69

Claims (5)

1. A method for controlling soil fatigue, characterized in that the mixture of an aqueous solution of sodium N-methyldlthiocarbamat (A) and a Monomethylammoniumsalzes (B) or an aqueous methylammonium N-methyldithiocarbamatlösung (C) and the aqueous solution of a copper Il-triethanolamine-formalin complex (D) is mixed with a suitable device immediately before flowing into the soil and incorporated into the soil. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the application of the components can be carried out from 5 ⁰ C air temperature. Process according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that as the monomethylammonium salt, preferably methylammonium nitrate, phosphate or sulphate is used. 4. The method according to claim 1,2 and 3, characterized in that all aqueous solutions are present in one molar concentration and in the weight ratio of A: B: C or C: D = 1: 1: 4 or 1: 1 to 2 mixed become. 5. The method according to claim 1,2 and 4, characterized in that the copper (II) -Triethanolamin-formalin complex of CuSC ^ · Br ^ O ₁ triethanolamine and formaldehyde in a molar ratio of 1: 5: 4 is formed.