DD286744A5 - PROCESS FOR THE SILVERING OF EGG-WHITE FEED PLANTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for ensiling of egg-rich forage plants. The method consists in adding to the silage material the liquid phase (Fugat) obtained by centrifuging, a rye flour suspension containing ordinary sourdough cultures. The Fugat can also be added in dried form if the bacterial count is at least 105 lactobacilli / g. A mixture with an addition of nitrite salt is particularly useful for fresh silage. {Procedure; silage; Forage plants, rich in eggs; Rye flour suspension; centrifugate; Sourdough culture; lactobacillales; Nitrite}

Description

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a method for ensiling protein-rich forage crops, such as alfalfa and clover, which is preferably applicable to farms.

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

During the growing season, only part of the protein-rich amount of green fodder can be fed. An amount of green fodder for about 200 days must be preserved after harvest for winter feeding. One method of food preservation is, for example, ensiling.

In order to achieve stable silages from protein-rich green fodder without additives, a dry matter of the silage good of about 25-35% must be achieved. If the green plants to be ensilaged have a high protein and low sugar content, the microbial spoilage of the silage is favored. For safe ensiling of hard-to-ferment, protein-rich green fodder, there are the following options:

- Generally known is the fouling of the feed on the field to increase the dry matter content over 35-40% dry matter. The disadvantage here is the loss of time for the subsequent field cultivation or for the subsequent plant growth. In unfavorable weather, there are considerable nutrient and dry substance losses as well as quality reductions.

The addition of organic or inorganic acids, their salts or esters or their mixtures (eg DD-PS 114343, DD-PS 118521, DD-PS 122327, DE-PS 2644351).

Acid additives aim to compensate for the lack of lactic acids in protein-rich green fodder by other acids.

The cheapest and most available are mineral acids, e.g. Sulfuric, hydrochloric and phosphoric acid. The disadvantage is above all the increased acidity of the silage and their insufficient uptake by the animals.

The organic acids (formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, etc.) show, in addition to their acidity, in part specific selective bacteriostatic effects with which they favorably influence the course of fermentation by stimulating lactic acid fermentation. As a very effective Silierhilfsmittel for protein-rich green fodder formic acid is known. The disadvantage here is the economic factor (high price) and the insufficient availability in a wide application in the agricultural business.

In the application of acids in general, moreover, complex technological solutions in terms of work and Korresionsschutzes are required.

The addition of antibiotics and growth promoters for lactic acid bacteria to regulate the fermentation processes is described in DE-AS 1245271.

Disadvantages are the high costs of the antibiotics and the additional effort required to adapt the lactic acid bacteria to the antibiotics. This disadvantage, which precludes a broad application in agriculture, also applies to DE-OS 3005020.

Here, in the preservation of green plants prior to ensiling, an active ingredient consisting of an enzyme and a bacterial complex (family Enterubacteriaceao) which has been applied to a cereal-based carrier is mixed in. In DE-OS 28037 94 an even more complex ancestor is described in which dom green fodder a suspension consisting of freeze-dried culture of Streptococcus faecium, carbohydrates, vitamins, riboflavin, Ca-pantothenate, folic acid, niacin and whey powder is added. Here, additional nutrient loss due to squeezed cell juice.

- The biological acidification of silage by the addition of lactic acid-producing bacteria, whose Vermohrung leads to a partial consumption of exploitable carbohydrates and a progressive acidification of Grünfu age to form lactic acid, is written by several inventors. According to DD-PS 206320, protein-rich green fodder is added to a solution of a lactic acid-producing bacterial strain (Pediococ us cerevisiao Pc 30). In this method, the pH word in the feedstock drops to pH 4.5-4.2 within six days. Disadvantages of this process lie in the addition of a bacterial strain which is to be extra-replenished with additional expenditure in milk or whey and the relatively long time before the pH of 4.5 is reached. In this time, incorrect fermentation can occur. On the other hand, the slow drop in pH value points to difficulties in adapting the bacterial strain used under silage conditions. The first disadvantage of this ancestor is solved in DD-PS 237255, characterized in that Lactobacillus cultures contained whey in admixture with Nitrii and grains used as Silierhilfsmittel. The disadvantage of this method is that the bacterial strains contained in the whey only lactose was available as a nutrient medium. In the feedstock of the silo, the conversion to other carbon sources is required, which leads to adjustment difficulties and thus to false fermentation.

Object of the invention

The aim of the invention is the low-loss ensiling of protein-rich fodder plants, with a silage is to emerge, which leads mainly to cattle to a high willingness to eat and their manufacturing process in terms of occupational safety is unproblematic.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The object of the invention is to develop a method for ensiling protein-rich fodder plants, with which biological fermentation largely avoids fermentation.

According to the invention the object is achieved in that in the production of silage the Siliergut a by-product from the fioggenstärkegewinnung, so-called Fugat with a minimum dry matter of 12%, which contains a mixed population of lactic acid bacteria is added, with a mixing ratio of at least, 6Ma .-% Dry matter to Fugat, based on the total mass of silage, with a minimum microbiological activity of 10 ^s germs lactobacilli / g Fugat is observed. By the method according to the invention, lactic acid fermentation can take place at the expense of other microorganisms. The formation of lactic acid leads to a rapid lowering of the pH. This limits the living conditions for undesired bacterial species and promotes conservation success. The fugate used as silage auxiliaries is the liquid phase of a rye flour suspension obtained by centrifuging, which was used for accelerated viscosity reduction about 12 hours before the phase separation with ordinary sourdough culture (production method according to DD-PS 266729A1). The Fugat-enriched lactobacilli strains are correspondingly carbohydrate- or substrate-adapted. Surprisingly, it has been found that the microorganisms adapted to the environment also manage with the low supply of nutrients from green fodder plants and multiply in comparison with other methods (DD-PS 206320) in a very short time and form lactic acid. It is also to be assumed that a large number of Lactobacillus strains in the sourdough culture, at least one which finds optimum conditions for it in the silage. This was shown by the results with different starting material conditions and conditions. This is a significant advantage over the use of highly bred bacterial strains, their multiplication takes place only when exactly to be observed conditions (DD-PS 206320, DE-PS 2803734).

It has been found that especially for fresh silage (TS <30%) for oxygen binding and thus to suppress aerobic fermentation processes, the use of small amounts of nitrite salt is favorable. The introduction of the Silierhilfsmittels in the Siliergut can be done by a gemgneto device after any necessary dissolution of the nitrite salt in the liquid Fugat, by layer-wise spraying in the silo or chopping on the field.

It is expedient to gently dry the Fugat with the retention of the seed deposit as far as possible! DDPS 246561A1) and to mix it in dried form to the silage. The advantages of the invention are that protein-rich green fodder can be ensiled, whereby the feed value and the amount of digestible proteins are largely retained. By the invention, the unwanted butyric acid fermentation can be inhibited and the preservation losses are lowered. With regard to occupational safety, the microbiological process according to the invention does not present any problems with common acidity traits.

Ausführungsboisplele

1. One ton of chopped alfalfa was filled in layers in a small silo container. The Silierhilfsmittol was applied to each layer and then compacted the layer. After Bofullen the silo was finally an airtight cover with foil. There were experiments with different variants of Siliergut and Siliorhilfsmittel instead. From the silage material, the pH value and the temperature were measured as a function of the ensiling time. After 90 days the silos are opened and the silaga analyzed. In detail, the following results could be achieved:

Experiment 1.1 .:

Silation of fresh alfalfa (dry substance, TS "19.3%, energetic feed unit cattle .EF," 530, digestible crude protein

185g / kg TS) without silage additive.

Analysis of silage 4.9 PH value 24.5 g / kg DM lactic acid 61.1 g / kg TS acetic acid 1.2 g / kg TS iso-butyric 440.0 EF, 142,0g / kg DM digestible crude protein

Experiment 1.2 .:

Silage fresh alfalfa (TS 19.3%, EF value 530, digestible RohoOtein 185g / kg TS), 37.8kg liquid Fugat (T3 13%, Germ content 2.6 χ 10 'germs / g and 1.2 kg sodium nitrite per tonne of silage).

pH value and temperature profile output value 5.9 24 ⁰ C 1 day 4,33 23 "C 2 day 4,22 18 ⁰ C 4th day 4,22 17 ⁰ C ab7.Tag 4,11 stable from the 30th day Day slow increase to pH 4.2 after 90 days Analysis values of silage PH value 4.2 lactic acid 90.3 g / kg TS acetic acid 35.5 g / kg TS isc-butyric 0 EF, 500.0 digestible crude protein 150.0 g / kg TS

Attempt 1.3 .:

Silage of fresh alfalfa (TS 19.3%) with 6.8 kg dried fugate (TS 90%, germination 2.5 χ 10 ^s germs / g) 1.2 kg sodium nitrite.

pH value and temperature profile

output value 5.90 21 ⁰ C LTAG 4.90 21 ⁰ C 2 day 4.56 15 ⁰ C Day 4 4.44 16 ⁰ C ab7.Tag 4,11 stable 20 ⁰ C from 30. Day slower Anstie Analysis values of silage PH value 4.5 lactic acid 65.2 g / kg TS acetic acid 41,2g / kg DM Iso-butyric 0 EF, 470.0 digestible crude protein 165.0 g / kg TS

Attempt 1.4 .:

Silage of Lucerne (TS 28.6%, EF, value 510, digestible crude protein 180g / kg DM) without sizing agent

Analysis values of silage 4.5 PH value 50.8 g / kg TS lactic acid 15.7 g / kg TS acetic acid 0.2 g / kg TS iso-butyric 480.0 EF, 173 Og / kg DM digestible crude protein

Experiment 1.5 .:

Alfalfa withered alfalfa (TS 28.6%, EF ₁ -WeM 510, digestible crude protoin 180g / kg TS) with 37.8kg liquid Fugat (TS 18%, germ content 2.8 χ 10 * Keimo / g) and 1.2kg sodium nitrite

pH and temperature 32 ⁰ C 32 ⁰ C 27 ^C C 26 ° C

LTAG 5.90 2.Tng 4.67 Day 4 4.44 from 7th day 4.34 stable Analysis values of silage PH value 4.2 lactic acid 58.2 g / kg TS acetic acid 14.5 g / kg DM iso-Buttersäuro 0 EF, 484.0 digestible crude protein 190,0g / kg DM

2. Harvested and chopped alfalfa was filled in layers into a 20t chamber of a microsilo. Each layer was sprayed and compacted with liquid Fugat (TS 12.6%, seed deposit 1.1 × 10 kg). After filling the silos, an airtight cover with foil was finally finished. There was a lot of 60kg Fugat per ton of silage used. To demonstrate the effectiveness of Silierhilfsmittels a similar silo without Silierhilfsmittel was charged. After 60 days, the silos were opened and the silage analyzed. Care was taken to ensure that the analysis samples were drawn only from the unspoiled feedstock. The spoiled marginal and soil layers could be quantified. The experiments in the smallest silo gave the following results: '

Experiment 2.1 .:

Silierurjg löwelkter Luzerno (dry substance 31.6%) without silage additives

Analysis values of silage 5.4 PH value 48.33 g / kg TS lactic acid 42,16g / kg DM acetic acid 0.74 g / kg TS iso-butyric 474.7 Energ. Feed unit cattle EF, 162.7 g / kg TS digestible crude proteins 59.0% Proportion of corrupted boundary layers

Experiment 2.2 .:

Acidification of alfalfa (dry substance 31.6%) with liquid fugate Analysis values of silage

pH 4.4

Lactic Acid 57.36g / kgTS Acetic acid 40.17g / kg TS

iso-butyric acid 0

Energ. Feed unit cattle EF, 479,0

Digestible crude proteins 163.0 g / kg TS

Proportion of spoiled marginal layers 31.0%

Claims (3)

claims: 1. Method / ur Silierung of protein-rich forage crops, characterized in that fresh or slightly withered and / or chopped Siliergut with liquid sourdough cultures with a minimum activity of 10 ⁵ germs lactobacilli / g containing Fugat the rye starch extraction is mixed with a minimum dry matter content of 12%, wherein a mixing ratio of 0.6-0.8% by weight of dry matter to Fugat, based on the total mass of Siliergut, is complied with. 2. Ve.rfahren according to claim 1, characterized in that the Fugat after gentle, the microorganisms not harmful drying, is added in solid form. 3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that nitrite salt is used in proportions S0.2Ma .-%.