DD278054A1 - MEANS FOR THE CONTROL OF PLANT PATHOGENS IN NFT CULTURES - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to compositions for combating phytopathogens in NFT cultures which can be used to prevent yield losses in the cultivation of plants in nutrient solutions. The task of developing new agents with favorable action and application properties is achieved according to the invention by using N-3-sulfopropyl-ammonium betaines of general formula I as active ingredients. The meaning of X, Y, R1, R2, R3 and n can be taken from the description. Formula I

Description

in the

X is a CH ₂ , CO-NH or NH-CO group, Y is hydrogen, a CH ₃ or SO 4 group,

R ₁ and R _{2 is} a CH ₃ - or (CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O) _n , Η group, wherein m is 1 to 10, R _{3 is} a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 6 to 24 carbon atoms and η is the numbers 1 to 3 mean included.

2. ' Agent for controlling plant pathogens in NFT cultures according to claim 1, characterized in that they contain as active ingredient NS-sulfopropyl-N, N-dimethyl-N-alkyl- (C ₁₀ -C ₁₈ ) -ammonium betaine.

3. A composition for controlling plant pathogens in NFT cultures according to claim 1, characterized in that they contain as active ingredient N-S-sulfopropyl-N ^ -bis-drioxyethylenj-N-octadecyl-Zhexadecylammonium betaine.

4. Means for controlling plant pathogens in NFT cultures according to claim 1, characterized in that they contain as active ingredient N-3-sulfopropyl l-N, N-bis (heptaoxyethylene) -N-octadecyl / hexadecylammonium betaine.

5. A composition for controlling plant pathogens in NFT cultures according to claim 1, characterized in that they contain as active ingredient Ν ^ -βυΙίορΓοργΙ-Ν, Ν-Νβ-ΙίποχγβΙΙιγΙβηΙ-ο-αοαβονΊ-ΛβίΓΒαβογΙ-ammonium betaine.

6. A composition for controlling plant pathogens in NFT cultures according to claim 1, characterized in that they contain as active ingredient N-S-sulfopropyl-N, N-dimethyl-N-tetradecyl-aminocarbonylmethylammonium betaine.

7. A composition for controlling plant pathogens in NFT cultures according to claim 1, characterized in that they contain as active ingredient N-S-sulfopropyl-N ^ -dimethyl-N-tetradecanoylamidoethylammonium betaine.

8. A composition for controlling plant pathogens in NFT cultures according to claim 1, characterized in that they contain the active ingredient N - [(2-sulfinato) -3-sulfopropyl] -N, N-dimethyl-N-hexadecanoylamidoethyl-ammonium betaine ,

9. A composition for controlling plant pathogens in NFT cultures according to claim 1 to 8, characterized in that the active ingredients are mixed in an amount of 0.01 to 1 g per liter of the nutrient solution.

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to agents for controlling Pflanzenp''ithogen, which can be used to prevent crop losses in crops in the NFT method.

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

It is known to use various fungicides or disinfectants for the chemical control of pathogens in the cultivation of vegetables and ornamental plants in greenhouses by Nutrient Film Technique (NFT), such as the active ingredients Etridiazole, Captan, Propamocarb, metal salts of Dithiocarbaminsäurederivaten ( Nachr.-Bl. Pflanzenschutz DDR, 38 [19841, 166-172] or potassium permanganate (DD-PS 210419). The use of such known means is associated with a number of disadvantages, which are primarily relatively high application rates, limited mikrcbizides spectrum of activity, phytotoxic side effects in the required efficacy concentrations and a strong residue burden are mentioned. Thus, so far no suitable chemical means are available, the phytopathogens in the NFT cultivation method of different cultures safely combat and largely rule out side effects.

Object of the invention

The aim of the invention is to provide new agents for controlling phytopathogens in NFT cultures with high utility value properties.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The invention has for its object to develop new means for controlling phytopathogens in NFT cultures, which are characterized by good efficacy and a broad spectrum of activity with good plant tolerance and low toxicity to warm-blooded animals and residues and can be produced on the basis of large-scale starting materials by simple synthesis method.

To solve this problem, agents for controlling phytopathogens in NFT cultures are proposed, which are characterized in that they contain as active ingredients at least one N-3-sulfopropyl-ammonium-bctain of the general formula I in addition to the usual excipients and carriers.

, S-CIL ₇ -CII-Ch ,, - ;; - (CII _O ) -XR ₇

in the

X is a CH ₂ , CO-NH or NH-CO group,

Y is hydrogen, aCi ₃ -siderSOj group,

R ₁ and R _{2 represent} a CH ₃ or (CH ₂ -CH ₂ -OH) group in which m is 1 to 10,

R _{3 is} a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 6 to 24 carbon atoms and η is the number 1 to 3.

Surprisingly, it has been found that the N-3-sulfopropyl-ammonium betaines of the general formula I according to the invention have a very good microbicidal activity and a very favorable microbicidal activity spectrum in order to inhibit or kill a large number of microorganism species in their development. The agents according to the invention are particularly suitable for controlling fungi, yeasts, bacteria, algae, protozoa and viruses. The favorable toxicological properties of the active substances do not lead to a burden on humans and the environment, since the compounds are readily biodegradable. The solubility in water enables simple forms of application of the active ingredients. For the reasons mentioned, the agents according to the invention are suitable for controlling phytopathogens in NFT cultures. In the cultivation of plants in nutrient solution (eg "Wopil") by means of nutrient film technology, the plants grow in a flowing nutrient film, so that pathogens can circulate in the nutrient solution. This can lead to transmission of pathogens via the fluids used to healthy plants, resulting in high yield losses or stock losses. The application of the agents according to the invention can largely inactivate or kill the pathogens. With simultaneous removal of the foci of infection, the spread of plant diseases can be prevented.

The active compounds according to the invention are admixed with the circulating nutrient solution in an amount of from 0.01 g to 1 g per liter.

Depending on the active ingredient concentration, the effectiveness of the agents and the plant tolerance, the nutrient solution containing the active ingredients circulates for several hours in the NFT system. This process can be repeated until it shows a safe control success.

The preparation of the invention N-3-sulfopropyl-ammonium-betaines of the general formula I can be carried out in a simple manner by methods known per se. Thus, for example, it is possible to obtain the active compounds according to the invention by reacting tertiary amines of the formula II,

- (CH ₂ ) _n - X - R ₃ (M)

in which X, R ,, R ₂ , R ₃ and η are defined according to the formula I, reacted with allyl or Methallylhalogeniden and the quaternary salts thus obtained by homogeneously catalyzed hydrogen sulfite addition (DD-PS 154443, DD-PS 225990 DD-PS 225991) has been converted into the active compounds of the general formula I according to the invention, it is possible, by other methods of preparation, to obtain the active compounds specified under formula I according to the invention. Di "active compounds can eingearb ° in liquid, paste or solid ^{preparations:} be tet or as solutions, emulsion concentrates, pastes, powders or granules for use. The Ko hintektionierung can be obtained by mixing or grinding of active compounds of general formula I with conventional additives, such as suitable carriers, dispersants and solvents, surface-active substances, complexing agents, foam inhibitors or

Solids. The formulations of the active compounds according to the invention generally contain between 0.5 to 95% by weight of the active ingredients. The active compounds according to the invention can be used in the form of their formulations or by use forms prepared therefrom by further dilution.

The following examples are intended to further illustrate the invention and to demonstrate the effectiveness of the active compounds to be used according to the invention.

embodiments

The effectiveness test in the following examples was carried out with the following active substances:

1 = N-S-sulfopropyl-N, N-dimethyl-N-n-dodecyl-ammonium-betaine

2 = N-3-sulfopropyl-N, N-bis (trioxyethylene) -N-octadecyl / hexadecyl ammonium betaine

3 = N-3-sulfopropyl-N, N-bis (heptaoxyethylene) -N-octadecyl / hexadacylammonium betaine

4 = N-S-sulfopropyl-N, N-bis-trioxyethylene-N-tetradecylammonium betaine

5 = N-S-sulfopropyl-N, N-dimethyl-N-tetradecylaminocarbonylmethyl-ammonium-betaine

6 = N-3-sulfopropyl-N ₁ N-dimethyl-N-tetradecanoylamidoethyl / dodecylammonium betaine

7 = N - [(2-sulfinato) -3-sulfopropyl] -N, N-dimethyl-N-hexadecanoylamidoethylammonium betaine.

Example 1: Suspension growth test in bacteria

The active ingredients are allowed to act in culture tubes on bacteria. The growth of the bacteria is determined photometrically by absorbance measurements in the coarsely dispersed system. The tubes are filled with a certain amount of bacterial suspension, which is grown after 15 hours precultivation in glucose nutrient broth at 22 ⁰ C and adjusted to the extinction value of 0.085.

Da'nach the active substances dissolved in 70% ethanol are added (final ethanol concentration 0.7 vol .-%). After 5 hours, the bacteria growth in the MAYER nutrient medium is measured by means of a photometer.

By means of a calibration curve, the bacterial dry substance values corresponding to the extinction values are determined. The evaluation is carried out by calculating the percentage growth inhibition for the respective active substances in relation to the control without active ingredient (Table A).

Table A: Growth inhibition of bacteria (Pectobacterium carotovorum)

Active ingredient concentration: 200ug / ml

Active ingredient growth inhibition in%

1 70

2 12

3 14

4 68

5 57

6 69

7 9

Example 2: Suspension growth test in yeasts

The active ingredients are allowed to act in culture tubes on yeast fungi. The growth of the yeasts is determined photometrically by absorbance measurements in the coarsely dispersed system. The tubes are filled with a certain amount of the yeast fungus suspension grown after 15 hours precultivation time MILLER medium (3% glucose) and adjusted to a suitable extinction value (for Torulopsis Candida 0.095, for Candida utilis 0.035). Thereafter, the active ingredients dissolved in 70% ethanol are added (final ethanol concentration 0.7% by volume). After 5 hours, the growth measurement takes place in the photometer. The yeast dry substance values corresponding to the extinction values are determined on the basis of a calibration curve. The evaluation is carried out by calculating the percentage growth inhibition for the respective active substances in relation to the control without active ingredient (Table B).

Table B: Growth inhibition of yeasts

Drug concentration: 100pg / ml drug growth inhibition in%

Torulopsis scandida Candida utilis

1 35 87

2 98 96

3 92 92

5 63 70.

6 86 97

7 67 61

Example 3: Suspension growth test in fungi

The active ingredients are allowed to act on culture tubes in culture tubes. The growth of the fungi is determined by absorbance measurements in the large-dispersion system in a photometer.

The tubes are filled with a certain amount of cultured mycelium obtained by spore-leaching with SISLER medium and precultivation and adjusted to an appropriate extinction value in the range of 0.07 to 0.09. Then the active ingredients dissolved in 70% ethanol are added (final ethanol concentration 0.7% by volume). After 5 hours, the growth measurement takes place in the photometer. Using a calibration curve, the mushroom dry matter values corresponding to the extinction waits are determined. The evaluation is carried out by calculating the percentage growth inhibition for the respective active substances in relation to the controls without active ingredient (Table C).

Table C: Growth inhibition of fungi in the suspension growth test

Active substance concentration: ΙΟΟμ / ml Growth inhibition in% Mucor Botrytis mucedo Fusarium cinerea 45 active substance oxysporum 100 22 2 100 97 3 100

Example 4: Agar plate test with mushrooms

The fungicidal activity of the active compounds against the test fungi is determined conventionally as inhibition of radial growth of the fungi on malt agar nutritive medium (2% malt) in petri dishes at an incubation temperature of 25 ° C.

The active ingredients dissolved in 70% ethanol are added to the liquid agar in the desired active ingredient concentration so that the ethanol content does not exceed 0.7% by volume. After obtaining the agar-drug mixture is inoculated with a Myzelstück 1 cm diameter.

The waxings are made when 70% to 90% of the shell diameter is absent without added active ingredients.

The evaluation is carried out by calculating the percentage growth inhibition for the respective active ingredients compared to the control without addition of active ingredient (Table D).

Table D: Growth inhibition of fungi in the agar plate test

Drug concentration: 100pm / ml

Growth inhibition% active ingredient Fusarium Phytophthora Pyhtoph.

oxysporum cactorum infest. Pythiumultimum

1 22 30 75

2 97 98 61

3 100 100 49

4 100 100

5 47 97 74

6 44 100 100

7 70 90 75

Example 5: Test against pathogens in tomato in the NFT method

In NFT channels, 10 tomato plants ("Tamina" variety) are used in the 2- to 3-leaf stage in Neuka pots per experimental variant. The gutters are filled with oil nutrient solution. The temperature of the nutrient solution is 25 ° C. The active ingredients are added in the desired concentration after three days of the nutrient solution. After about 6 hours inoculation is carried out with a mycelial spore suspension of Phytophthora nicotiane and by adding roots of diseased plants. A second addition of the drug is made after 8 days. From each of 5 plants per variant, the root dry mass and the fresh mass are determined after a test period of 40 days (Table E).

Table E: Action against Phytophthora nicotianae in tomatoes by NFT method

Konzen root dry freshly ground tration Dimensions Sprout μ. fruit (Mg / mL) (G) (G) Without control - 2.26 349 drug substance Active ingredient 2 300 6.71 429 Active ingredient 2 60 4.09 411 Active ingredient 2 30 2.46 '389 Active ingredient 2 300 7.13 492 (two additions) Active ingredient 2 30 5.59 439 (two additions)

Claims (1)

Invention claim: 1. A composition for controlling plant pathogens in NFT cultures, characterized in that, in addition to the customary auxiliaries and excipients as active ingredients, at least one N-3-sulfopropylammonium betaine of the general formula I, , S - GH ₉ - CIi - GK ₀ - K ⁺ - J)C- ι<- ι -X-R.