DD276815A1

DD276815A1 - METHOD FOR VARIATING THE DRIVING MOVEMENT OF A STAFF CURRENT

Info

Publication number: DD276815A1
Application number: DD27453885A
Authority: DD
Inventors: Guenter Slowik; Juergen Kohlmann; Karin Kruse
Original assignee: Leuna Werke Veb
Priority date: 1985-03-28
Filing date: 1985-03-28
Publication date: 1990-03-14

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Variieren der Drallbewegung eines Stoffstromes in speziell ausgestalteten Wirblern, die zur Trennung von Suspensionen oder zur Abtrennung fester und/oder fluessiger Partikeln aus einem Fluid eingesetzt werden. Das Ziel der Erfindung besteht darin, die Trennleistung von Wirblern bei schwankendem Stoffdurchsatz aufrechtzuerhalten bzw. bei konstantem Stoffdurchsatz in bestimmten Grenzen variieren zu koennen. Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist somit, die Drallbewegung variierbar zu gestalten. Diese Aufgabe wird fuer speziell ausgestaltete rotationssymmetrische Wirbler erfindungsgemaess so geloest, dass der dem Wirbler zuzufuehrende Stoffstrom auf zwei oder mehrere Teilstroeme aufgeteilt wird, von denen mindestens einer ueber eine Einrichtung zum Variieren der Teilstroeme geleitet wird, und anschliessend gegebenenfalls die Teilstroeme wiederum auf zwei oder mehrere Teilstroeme aufgeteilt werden, und die Teilstroeme ueber je einen Zufuehrungskanal dem Wirbler zugefuehrt werden. Fig. 2The invention relates to a method for varying the swirling motion of a stream in specially designed turbulizers, which are used for the separation of suspensions or for the separation of solid and / or liquid particles from a fluid. The aim of the invention is to be able to maintain the separation efficiency of swirlers with fluctuating substance throughput or to be able to vary within certain limits at a constant substance throughput. The object of the invention is thus to make the twisting motion variable. This task is solved according to the invention for specially designed rotationally symmetrical turbulizers so that the material flow to be fed to the turbulizer is divided into two or more partial flows, of which at least one is directed via a device for varying the partial flows, and then optionally the partial flows again to two or more Teilstroeme be divided, and the Teilstroeme each via a Zufuehrungskanal be supplied to the swirly. Fig. 2

Description

Vorteilhaft für die Durchführung des Verfahrens ist, wie bereits ausgeführt, den gesamten Stoffstrom durch die erste oder die erste und zweite Teilung auf eine geradzahlige Anzahl Teilströme aufzuteilen und diese üoer je einen Zuführungskanal in den Wirbler zu leiten, wobei der Stoffstrom bevorzugt auf insgesamt vier Teilströme aufgeteilt wird.As already stated, it is advantageous for the implementation of the method to divide the entire material flow through the first or the first and second graduations into an even number of partial flows and to guide these each into a feed channel into the turbulizer, wherein the stream preferably has a total of four partial streams is split.

Im allgemeinen ist die Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens in der Weise zweckmäßig, daß der Stoffstrom durch die erste Teilung auf eine geradzahlige Anzahl Teilströme und durch die zweite Teilung auf eine solche Anzah¹ Teilströme aufgeteilt wird, die 3in natürliches Vielfaches der Anzahl der Teilströme der ersten Teilung sind. Dabei werden jeweils die nach der zweiten Teilung erhaltenen Teilströme, die aus jeweils einem Teilstrom der ersten Teilung resultieren, in gleichmäßig über den Umfang des Wirbiers angeordnete Zuführungskanäle geleitet.In general, the implementation of the method according to the invention is expedient in such a way that the material flow is divided by the first division to an even number of partial streams and the second division to such Anzah ¹ partial flows, the 3in natural multiple of the number of partial streams of the first division are. In each case, the partial streams obtained after the second graduation, which in each case result from a partial flow of the first graduation, are conducted into feed channels arranged uniformly over the circumference of the vortex.

Eine mit sehr geringem Aufwand zu realisierende Variante des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens besteht darin, den Stoffstrom durch die erste Teüung in zwei Teilströme aufzuteilen, wobei ein Teilstrom über eine Einrichtung zum Variieren der Teilströme geführt wird, und beide Teilströme dann üb.?r gleichmäßig auf den Umfang des Wirbiers verteilte Zuführungskanäle diesem zugeführt werden.A variant of the method according to the invention which can be realized with very little effort consists in dividing the material stream into two part streams through the first part, wherein a part stream is passed through a device for varying the part streams, and then both part streams evenly over the circumference of the swirl distributed feed channels are supplied to this.

Besonders vorteilhaft kann das Verfahren so durchgeführt werden, daß der Stoffstrom durch die erste Teilung in zwei oder mehrere Teilströme aufgeteilt wird, von denen jeder über eine Einrichtung zum Variieren der Teilströme geleitet wird.Particularly advantageously, the method can be carried out so that the material flow is divided by the first division into two or more partial streams, each of which is passed through a device for varying the partial flows.

Die Einrichtung zum Variieren der Teilströme sind dem Fachmann geläufig. Insbesondere werden dafür Ventile, Schieber und Hähne verwendet.The device for varying the partial flows are familiar to the person skilled in the art. In particular, for valves, valves and valves are used.

Bei extremen Betriebsbedingungen, d. h. bei Rückgang des Stoffstromes gegen Null, kann das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren besonders vorteilhaft auch in der Weise durchgeführt werden, daß ein Teil des aus dem Wirbler austretenden gereinigten Fluids in Art einer /-pass-Schaltung den Stoffstrom vor der ersten Teilung wieder zugeführt wird. Die Vorteile des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens bestehen darin, daß einerseits bei konstantem anstehenden Stoffstrom ein Variieren der Drallbewegung des Stoffstromes in weiten Grenzen möglich ist, und damit die Trennleistung des Wirbiers beeinflußt werden kann und daß andererseits bei veränderlichem Stoffstrom durch Variieren der Teilströme die Drallbewegung konstant gehalten werden kann, und damit eine gleichbleibende Trennleistung des Wirbiers erreicht wird.In extreme operating conditions, d. H. when the material flow drops to zero, the process according to the invention can also be carried out particularly advantageously in such a way that part of the purified fluid leaving the fluidiser is returned to the flow of material before the first division in the manner of a / pass-circuit. The advantages of the method according to the invention are that, on the one hand, the swirling motion of the material flow is variable within wide limits, and thus the separation efficiency of the swirl can be influenced and, on the other hand, with variable material flow, the swirling motion can be kept constant by varying the partial flows can, and thus a consistent separation efficiency of the swirl is achieved.

Weiterhin wird mit diesem Verfahren, das mit einer Veränderung der Drallbewegung des Stoffstromes ohne zu bewegende Einbauten im Wirbler durchgeführt wird, die sonst durch die Einbauten bedingte Turbulenz vermieden und somit die Trennleistung weiter verbessert.Furthermore, with this method, which is carried out with a change in the swirling motion of the material flow without moving internals in the swirler, which otherwise caused by the internals turbulence is avoided, thus further improving the separation performance.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend an Hand der Ausführungsbeispiele erläutert.The invention will be explained below with reference to the embodiments.

Ausführungsbeispieleembodiments

example 1

In Figur 1 ist die einfachste Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens dargestellt.FIG. 1 shows the simplest embodiment of the method according to the invention.

Der anstehende gesamte Stoffstrom 1 wird durch eine erste Teilung in zwei Teilströme 2 aufgeteilt. Der eine der Teilströme 2 wird über ein Ventil 3 geleitet und kann damit je nach Anforderung variiert werden. Beide Teilströme 2 münden in je einen Zuführungskanal 4 des Wirbiers 5, wobei die Zuführungskanäle 4 in gleichem Abstand voneinander angeordnet sind. Unter der Voraussetzung, daß a) die Leitungen, durch die die Teilströme 2 bis zu den Zuführungskanälen 4 geführt werden, so ausgelegt sind, daß die Druckverluste gleich sind und b) die Querschnitte der Zuführungskanäle 4 gleich groß sind, wird der Wirbler 5 bei geöffnetem Ventil 3 gleichmäßig aus beiden Zuführungskanälen 4 beaufschlagt.The upcoming entire material flow 1 is divided by a first division into two partial streams 2. One of the partial streams 2 is passed through a valve 3 and can thus be varied depending on the requirement. Both sub-streams 2 open into a respective supply channel 4 of the fluid 5, wherein the feed channels 4 are arranged at the same distance from each other. Assuming that a) the lines through which the partial flows 2 are led to the feed channels 4 are designed so that the pressure losses are equal and b) the cross sections of the feed channels 4 are equal, the swirler 5 is opened Valve 3 uniformly applied from two supply channels 4.

Ist bei konstantem Stoffstrom 1 eine Erhöhung der Drallbewegung notwendig, wird das Ventil 3 in dem dafür erforderlichen Maße geschlossen. Ist das Ventil 3 völlig geschlossen, wird eine Erhöhung der Drallbewegung auf den maximal möglichen Wert erreicht.If an increase in the swirling motion is necessary at constant material flow 1, the valve 3 is closed to the extent required for this purpose. If the valve 3 is completely closed, an increase of the swirling motion is achieved to the maximum possible value.

Bei veränderlichem Stoffstrom 1 und der Notwendigkeit eine konstante Drallbewegung und damit eine gleichbleibende Trennleistung des Wirbiers 5 zu haben, wird ebenfalls das Ventil 3 in dem dafür erforderlichen Maße geschlossen und damit die für die Trennleistung nötige Drallbewegung eingestellt.With variable stream 1 and the need to have a constant swirl movement and thus a constant separation efficiency of the fluid 5, the valve 3 is also closed in the extent required and thus set the necessary for the separation efficiency swirling motion.

Der Vorteil dieser erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform des Verfahrens liegt in dem geringen Aufwand zur Realisierung, wobei jedoch durch die geringe Anzahl der Zuführungskanäle 4 eine geringe Abweichung von der Rotationssymmetrie des Wirbiers in Kauf genommen werden muß.The advantage of this embodiment of the method according to the invention lies in the low cost of implementation, but due to the small number of supply channels 4, a slight deviation from the rotational symmetry of the swirl must be accepted.

Example 2

In Figur 2 ist eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens dargestellt.FIG. 2 shows a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention.

Der anstehende gesamte Stoffstrom 1 wird durch eino erste Teilung in zwei Teilströme 2 aufgeteilt und über je ein Ventil 3 geführt, wodurch eine Vorrichtung beider Teilströme 2 möglich ist. Danach werden beide Teilströme 2 durch eine zweite Teilung in jeweils zwei weitere Teilströme 6 aufgeteilt, die in vier gleichmäßig über den Umfang des Wirbiers 5 verteilte Zuführungskanäle 4 münden, wobei jeweils die zwei der zu einem der Teilströme 5 in die einander gegenüberliegenden Zuführungskanäle 4 geführt werden.The upcoming entire material flow 1 is divided by a first division into two partial streams 2 and passed through a respective valve 3, whereby a device of both partial streams 2 is possible. Thereafter, both partial streams 2 are divided by a second division into two further partial streams 6, which open into four feed channels 4 distributed uniformly over the circumference of the vortex 5, with the two being led to one of the partial streams 5 into the opposite feed channels 4 ,

Unter der Voraussetzung, daßOn condition that

a) die Druckverluste für alle Leitungen, durch die die Teilströme 2 und 6 bis zu den Zuführungskanälen 4 geführt werden, gleich groß sind unda) the pressure losses for all lines through which the partial streams 2 and 6 are led to the feed channels 4, are the same size and

b) dio Querschnitte dor Zuführungskanäle 4 ebenfalls gleich groß sind,b) the cross-sections of the feed channels 4 are also the same,

wird der Wirblor 5 bei goöffneton Ventilen 3 gleichmäßig über alle vier Zuführungskanäle 4 beaufschlagt.is the Wirblor 5 at goöffon valves 3 uniformly applied to all four supply channels 4.

Ist boi konstantem Stoffstrom 1 eine Erhöhung der Drallbewegung notwendig, wird beispielsweise das Ventil 3, über das einer dor Toilströmo 3 geleitet wird, völlig geschlossen und damit dor gesamte Stoffstrom 1 über zwei Teilströme 6 zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Zuführungskanälon 4 zugeführt und damit die bei dieser Variante maximal mögliche Erhöhung der Drallbowogung eingestellt.Is boi constant stream 1 an increase in the swirling motion necessary, for example, the valve 3, is passed over the dor Toilströmo 3, completely closed and thus dor entire material flow 1 via two streams 6 two opposing Zuführungskanälon 4 fed and thus the in this variant maximum possible increase in the twistbowing set.

Durch wahlweises Schlioßon dor Vontile 3 im orfordorlichon M-'ße ist bei konstantem Stoffstrom 1 eine Variierung der Drallbowegung in woiton Bereichen möglich.By optional Schlioßon dor Vontile 3 in orfordorlichon M-size is a constant material flow 1, a variation of the swirl twisting in woiton areas possible.

Boi veränderlichem Stoffstrom 1 kann mit dom orfindungsgoniäßen Verfahren eino konstanto Drallbowegung und damit eine gloichbleibondo Trennleistung des Wirbiers 5 eingestellt werden.Boi variable material flow 1 can be adjusted with dom orungsungsgoniäßen method eino konstanto swirl twisting and thus a gloichbleibondo separation efficiency of the swirl 5.

Claims

1. A method for varying the swirling motion of a stream in a swirler, consisting of a rotationally symmetrical separation chamber, a projecting from the top or bottom into the separation chamber dip tube, a coaxial over the separation chamber rotationally symmetric, built-in annulus with a larger compared to the separation chamber diameter, and any cross-section, viewed in a longitudinal section through the vortex, which is connected to the separation chamber through a rotationally symmetrical connection channel, wherein the lower wall of the connection channel by the connection of the annular space with the jacket of the separation chamber and the upper wall either at a from above in the Abscheiderauin protruding dip tube, is formed by the connection of the annular space with the shell of the dip tube or in a projecting from below into the separation chamber dip tube through the connection of the annular space with the ceiling of the separation chamber and thereby the Ri ngraum in the direction of the connection channel to the separation chamber is open, and preferably decreases the gap width of the connection channel in the direction of the axis of the swirl, wherein the gap width is the shortest distance, which is measured between the walls of the connection channel, in a longitudinal section through the swirler, and the connection between the annulus and the separation chamber, at each fixed diameter of the separation chamber and annulus, is as short as possible, wherein the inclination of the lower wall of the connection channel against the horizontal is 10 to 80 degrees., wherein the annulus has a plurality of tangential feed channels, which over the circumference are uniformly distributed ur.d whose inlet cross-section with the cross section of the annular space, viewed at a Längsschniu by the swirler, at the feed point preferably matches, characterized in that the entire swirler (5) supplied material flow (1) in front of the swirler (5) through a first part ng is divided into two or more partial streams (2), of which at least one is passed through a device (3) for varying the partial streams (2), wherein the variation of the partial streams (2) takes place in equal or unequal parts and then optionally one second division of the partial streams (2) in turn two or more partial streams (6) takes place and the partial streams (2) or (6) via a respective supply channel (4) into the swirler (5) are passed.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the material flow (1) by the first division to an even number of partial streams (2) is divided.

3. Process according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the material flow (1) by the first division to two partial streams (2) is divided.

4. The method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the material flow (1) by the first or by the first and second division to an even number Teilströmo (2) or (6) is divided and this via a respective supply channel ( 4) into the swirler (5).

5. The method according to claim 1 and 4, characterized in that the material flow (1) to four partial streams (2) and (6) is divided.

6. The method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the material flow (1) by the second division to such a number of partial streams (6), which are a natural multiple of the number of partial streams (2) after the first division, is divided ,

7. The method according to claim 1 and 4 to 6, characterized in that the resulting from the second division streams (6), which were obtained by the division of one of the partial streams (2), arranged evenly over the circumference of the fluid (5) Zuführungskanäie (4) are supplied to this.

8. The method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the supplied material stream (1) is divided by the first division into two partial streams (2), wherein one of these partial streams (2) via a device (3) for varying the material flow ( 1), and both sub-streams (2) are fed thereto via feed channels (4) evenly distributed around the periphery of the swirl (5).

9. The method according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that the supplied material stream (1) divided by the first division into two or more partial streams (2) and each via a device (3) for varying the partial streams (2) is passed.

10. The method according to claim 1 to 10, characterized in that a part of the fluid from the vortex (5) exiting purified fluid is supplied to the material flow (1) again.

For this 1 page drawings

Field of application of the invention

The method involves varying the swirling motion of a stream in specially designed turbulizers used either to separate suspensions into a purified liquid phase and into a solids-enriched liquid phase or to separate solid and / or liquid particles from a fluid.

Characteristic of the known state of the art

It is known that in swirlers, which exploit the centrifugal acceleration for the separation of solid or liquid particles from a fluid phase, such as cyclones and hydrocyclones, a dependence of the separation efficiency of the mass flow rate occurs. This immediate dependence is a major disadvantage of these separation apparatuses compared to others (Author collective: Process engineering calculation methods, Part 3: Mechanical separation in fluid phase, Leipzig 1982, p.216-224 and p.249-272).

It is also well known that to eliminate this disadvantage in the supply channel of these swirlers internals, vie for example, flaps that change the entrance impulse of the material flow d. H. increase the entry pulse when the material flow decreases, be installed.

A disadvantage of this solution is the unfavorable intervention in the flow conditions at the entrance to the swirler, which is associated with losses, as well as the highly three-dimensional swirling movements within the swirl. In addition, such installations make it necessary to make changes in the form of a change in the inlet cross section directly on the turbulizer. This also causes an increase in the turbulence, and thereby does not achieve the deposition effect in the desired manner. Another disadvantage not to be underestimated in such a solution is the presence of moving parts in the swirler or in the feed channels.

Object of the invention

The aim of the invention is to maintain the separation efficiency of whirler even with fluctuating Stcffdurchsatz, or to be able to vary within certain limits at a constant material throughput.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The object of the invention is therefore to make the swirling motion of the material flow in the swirler, variable. The object is achieved by a method for varying the swirling motion of a material stream in a swirler, which consists of a rotationally symmetrical separation chamber, a dip tube projecting from above or below into the separation chamber, a rotationally symmetrical, installation-free annular space located coaxially above the separation chamber with a comparison with Abscheideraum larger diameter and any cross-section, viewed in a longitudinal section through the vortex, which is connected to the separation chamber through a rotationally symmetrical connection channel, the lower wall of the connection channel by the connection of the annular space with the shell of the separation chamber and the upper wall either, in a from the top down into the separation chamber projecting dip tube, by the connection of the annular space with the shell of the dip tube or, in oinem from below into the separation chamber protruding dip tube, by the connection of the annular space with the ceiling of the Ab is formed while the annular space in the direction of the connecting channel to the separation chamber is open, and preferably decreases the gap width of the connecting channel in the direction of the axis of the swirl, wherein the gap width is the shortest distance between the walls of the connecting channel, in a longitudinal section through the swirler, is measured, and the connection between the annulus and the separation chamber, at each fixed diameter of the separation chamber and annulus, is as short as possible, the inclination of the lower wall of the connecting channel against the horizontal is 10 to 80 degrees, and the annulus several tangential feed channels has, which are evenly distributed over the circumference and the inlet cross section with the cross section of the annular space, viewed in a longitudinal section through the swirler at the feed point preferably matches, according to the invention, the entire vortex supplied material flow before de m swirler is divided by a first division to two or more sub-streams, of which at least one is passed through a device for varying dor Toilströme, the variation of the sub-streams is equal or unequal parts, and then gogobenenfnlls oino second division of the sub-streams in turn two or more partial flows takes place, and the partial streams resulting from the first or the second and second divisions are conducted via a respective feed channel into the vortex. For the implementation of the method or orungsungsgomäßon method, it is in principle advantageous for all possible ways to divide the flow on oino even number of Dom swirler to be supplied partial flows, because it is ensured by varying dor Toilströme that the swirler is acted upon by uniformly over the circumference advantageous feed channels, * and thereby the rotational symmetry in the vortex remains.

It is therefore expedient to divide the material flow buroits by the first division to an even-numbered partial flows, with bovorzugt oino division into two partial flows.