DD267577A1 - METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT FOR COMPARING OBJECTS IN THE REFLECTED LIGHT - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and an arrangement for comparing objects in reflected light using a polarizing prism with extra prisms. In the image comparison of two objects disturbing reflections should be avoided in reflected light. Each object (13, 15) is illuminated by a respective polarized beam (7, 8), the beams being polarized perpendicular to one another. Only the images (20, 23) covering the image plane (19) produce only the reflected light components (17, 22) which oscillate perpendicularly to the plane of oscillation of the respective illumination beam (7, 8). By manual and / or automatic adjustment of the arrangement is preferably a page right, right size and overlapping image. The invention is particularly advantageously applicable in ophthalmology, in particular for the simultaneous inspection of both patient eyes or when comparing an eye with a previously stored image of the same eye. There is a positioning of the stored image to the image of the eye. Fig.1

Description

For this 4 pages drawings

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a method and an arrangement for comparing objects in the reflected light by manual observation and / or electronic evaluation of the superimposed images of two objects.

It is particularly intended for use in ophthalmology to image of eyes and / or P.Mientenaugen reflex.

to compare with each other.

Outside of ophthalmology, there are applications for comparing objects that carry complicated structures. The manual and / or automatic adjustment of the arrangement makes it possible to position the object according to the position of the other object if both objects have the same structure.

Characteristic of the known state of the art B.'Jean (OE 3425975 AD describes a spectral lamp addition to a slit lamp which allows, for example, Above a stray divider and an additional light source a fluorescence nanogram in the observation beam fO. the To reflect the background of the eye to determine the location of coagulation safely. In particular, for spectral measurements in which light intensities close to the detection limit of the fundus

are registered, the insertion of an additional beam splitter leads to an additional reduction of Meßlicht6s.

From the known solution no criterion for an automatic coverage alignment can be found. The comparison between the Fundi beidor living eyes is not possible with the known solution. The patent PD 237 609 A1 discloses a method for position control of the eye and for comparison beam extraction

described in which a complemented by two decoupling prisms Glan-Thompson prism for reflection-free illumination of

Ocular fundus, for ΚΊ Sstrahlblldung and for decoupling a beam for the control of intensity fluctuations

the lamp is used for spectral measurements.

The aim of this patent is to control the eye position and to detect intensity fluctuations. Light source. This patent does not affect the task of an image comparison in the reflected light. Object of the invention The object of the invention is a comparison of objects, in particular images of the fundus in the

to allow reflected light without reflection.

It should be both the comparison between two eyes of a patient, as well as the comparison between a patient's eye with

the previously stored image of the same eye.

The comparison should be visually and metrologically detectable and a manual and / or automatic adjustment of the arrangement

to be possible. Especially in spectral examinations, only one light source should be used to illuminate both objects.

Explanation of the essence of the invention The invention is based on the object, a method and an arrangement for comparing objects in the reflected light

to make it possible to compare two objects in the reflected light as images with respect to their geometric structure and / or their color.

In the image comparison of two objects disturbing reflections should be avoided in reflected light. The observation of the pictures should

be visually possible. Both images of the objects should be detectable by measurement.

From the observation and / or measurement criteria for a manual or automatic adjustment of the arrangement

be deducible.

The object is achieved according to the invention with the method for comparing objects in the reflected light, in that

light (2) emitted by a light source (1), preferably as a parietal beam through a polarizing prism (4), into a linearly polarized first beam (7) illuminating a first object (13) and split into a second beam (8) linearly polarized perpendicular thereto illuminating a second object (15), that of the light reflected from the first object (13)

(16) only one light edge (17), which oscillates perpendicular to the plane of oscillation of the linearly polarized first beam (7), forms an image

(20), and that from the light (21) reflected by the second object (15), only a portion of light (22) perpendicular to the light source (22) is generated

Vibrational echo of the linearly polarized second beam (8) oscillates, a second image (23) is generated, wherein both images (20

23) are superimposed in an image plane (19) and for comparative observation and / or comparative measurement of the

Objects (13,15) are available. Preferably, there is a positionally correct and size-correct overlapping image of both objects (13, 15) as images (20, 23)

by a manual or automatic adjustment of the position of at least one of the objects (13, 15) relative to the optical axis (27) and / or by a manual or automatic adjustment of the magnification and the image position in at least one

Beam path of the reflected light (16,21), preferably according to the criterion of maximum overlap equality of the images Light receivers (29) register the light components (17, 22) in the image plane (19). The measuring signals of the light receiver become a V.varbeitungseinheit (30) supplied, which evaluates the measured signals, outputs control values for the automatic adjustment and Measuring results represents. For observation and / or measurement, the reflected light components (17, 22) are mutually hidden in the beam path,

so that when the images (20,23) match evenly, the frame rate of a single image (20,23) is doubled.

For observation, the fade-out occurs at such a frequency that the frame rate of the individual picture is below

the fusion frequency of the human eye, the frame rate of the overlapping images above this

Fusion frequency is. The resulting in doubling the frame rate at coincidence of both images Impression of a flicker-free image is used as a criterion for a manual adjustment. When measuring the maximum amplitude of the signal, which is from the light receivers at twice the frame rate

is measured, the criterion for the automatic adjustment of the arrangement according to the condition of maximum

Overlapping equality of images. In this case, in the balanced state of the arrangement at maximum amplitude of the signal with double frame rate "

remaining amplitude of the single frame rate signal is a measure of the difference between the two images and corresponds to the difference between the objects.

For observation and / or measurement, the light source (1) emits monochromatic light (2) or the light (2) v. '!: d: pi kl. ai

filtered. The images (20, 23) are ir · d:> image plane (19) in a length of time or \ r. a Vveilenlängenbereich available.

For observation and / or measurement, there are only rays (7, 8) and / or the two parts of the reflected light {16, 21)

spectrally filtered.

At the same wavelengths, image differences of the objects are displayed as images in a specific spectral range. When using different wavelengths, these are preferably chosen so that the Oberdeckenden areas

Both images are displayed in a visually well differentiated mixed color.

The maximum proportion of mixed color is the criterion for manual adjustment of the arrangement to maximum coverage

the pictures.

The arrangement for comparing objects in the reflected light is for carrying out the method according to the invention as

constructed in front of a surface (3) of the polarization prism (4), the light source (1), in front of an opposite surface (12) of the

Polarization prism (4) the first object (13) in front of a surface (14) of an additional prism (5) on the polarization prism, the second Object (1 B) and in front of a surface (18) of another additional prism (6) on the polarizing prism arranged an image plane (19)

are that they are pierced by an optical axis (27).

Zw'schen the surface (12) of the polarization prism and the first object (13), between the surface (14) of the additional prism (5)

and the second object (15), between the surface (18) of the additional prism (6) and the image plane (19) is preferably at least one optical system (24), (26), (26) for imaging the objects (13), ( 15) are arranged as images (20), (23).

For observation and / or measurement, at least one object is to be used for the adjustment of the arrangement or for positioning

optical axis (27) arranged adjustable.

For live eye examinations, the first object is a right eye or a left eye of a patient and the second Object is an image of the same eye stored at an earlier time. The location of the image is to the patient's eye

adjustable.

For examinations on both eyes of a patient, one object is a right eye and the other object is a left eye. In eye examinations, the optical systems (24, 25) are at least partially refractive media of the patient's eyes. If a visual examination is performed, the optical system (26) is at least partially exposed by the refractive media of the Observer eye (40) realized. In this case, at least one imaging optical system for the adjustment of the image scale and / or to compensate for Fleichtleichtlgkeit the patient's eyes arranged adjustable. For matching the images of both eyes are between the surface (12) of Polerisat'onsprismss and thorn first object (13) or

between the filter (14) of the additional prism (5) ma second object (15) is oin element for image shift and

Image mirroring (46) and an image rotation element (47) arranged. For mutual suppression of the images of the objects is between the surface (18) of the additional prism (6) and the Image plane (19) a polarizer (28) rotatable (in such a way that its polarization plane rotates about the optical axis. The use of light of specific wavelengths enables spectral examinations of the objects. For a spectral examination and / or comparison of the objects, monochromatic light is used or intermediate

the surface (12) of the polarizing prism and the first object (13), and between the surface (14) of the additional prism (5) and the second object (15) wavelength separators (32,33) are arranged.

For generating monochromatic illumination light (2) a laser is used or a wavelength separator (31)

disposed between the light source (1) and the surface (3) of the polarization prism.

For measurement and automatic adjustment of the arrangement, light receivers are arranged in the image plane, which are connected to the Processing means are electrically connected, wherein the processing unit with the objects (13,15) and / or Elements of the optical systems (24,25) and / or the element for image shift and image reflection (46) and / or the Element for image rotation (47) information and control is coupled. In the processing unit, the measurement signals of the light receiver are processed so that manipulated variables for the automatic Adjustment of the arrangement is made according to a matching criterion. The object of the invention is also achieved with a modified arrangement. The arrangement is designed so that

in front of the surface (18) of the additional prism (6) the light source (1), in front of the surface (12) of the polarizing prism (4) the object (13), in front of surface (14) of the additional prism (5) the 0 (15) and in front of the surface (3) of the polarization prism (4) the image plane (19) are arranged so that they are pierced by the optical axis (27).

Also with this arrangement, the Verfahrart invention can perform. It allows a favorable

geometric structure, especially in the simultaneous examination of patient eyes.

AusfQhrungsbeisplele

The essence of the invention will be explained using the example of the comparison of objects and examples of the investigation of the Auger, a patient

 Show it

Fig. 1: Schematic representation of the arrangement for comparing objects in reflected light Fig. 2: Comparative observation and / or measurement with simultaneous inspection of both patient eyes Fig. 3: Comparative observation and / or measurement of a patient's eye and a stored image Fig. 4: Schematic representation the modified arrangement

Referring to Figure 1, a light source 1 emits natural light 2 as a parallel beam of appropriate field size in area 3 of a polarizing prism 4, which is preferably of the Glan Thompson type with added auxiliary prisms 5.6. The light 1 is split into a linearly polarized first beam 7, as an extraordinary beam and into a linearly polarized second beam 8, as ordinary beam.

At a separating layer 9 between birefringent prism parts 10 and 11 of the polarizing prism 4, the beam 7 is not deflected, emerges from a surface 12 of the polarizing prism 4 and illuminates an object 13. At the separating layer 9, the beam 8 has a deflecting; g experiences, emerges from a surface 14 of the additional prism 5 and illuminates a second object 15th

At the objects 13 and 15 there is a diffuse reflection of the linearly polarized light of the beams 7 and 8. As a result of the diffuse Reflection, the incident light is depolarized. From the first Objokt 13 reflected light 16 passes over the surface 12 of the Polarization prism 4 on the Tennschicht 9. There, from the reflected light 1 β only a light component 17, which is perpendicular to the Vibration level of the first illumination beam 7 oscillates, deflected, emerges from a surface 18 of the additional prism 6

and generates an image 20 in an image plane 19.

From the second object 15 reflected light 21 passes through the surface 14 of the additional prism 5 on the release layer 9 of the There, from the reflected light 21, only a portion of light 22, which is perpendicular to the Schwingu.ngsebene of the polarization prism

second illumination beam 8 vibrates, let pass, »us the surface 18 of the additional prism 6 and generates in Car

Image plane 19 an image 23. The oscillation directions of the light portions 17 and 22, which produce the superimposed images 20 and 23, are perpendicular

each other. The image of the images 20, 23 is preferably for observation and / or measurement in the correct position, equal in size and overlapping.

For imaging the objects 13, 16 as images 20, 23, optical patterns 24, 25, - 26 between the surfaces 12, 14 and Objects 13,15, disposed between the surface 18 and the image plane 19 on an optical axis 27. In order to achieve a correct position, same size and overlapping image of the images 20,23, are to adjust the For example, the magnification of the optical system 24 is arranged as a variable focal length system and the Objokt 13 in the coordinates X and Y, which are perpendicular to the optical axis 27, arranged adjustable. Another Adjustment movement takes place by rotating the object 13 about the optical axis 27. For comparative observation and / or measurement, a mutual suppression of the images takes place 20,23. The Blanking is done by diaphragms (not shown) in the beam paths of the reflected light 16,21 or

suitably by a polarizer 28 which is arranged rotatably between the surface 18 of Zusetzprismao β and the image plane 19 so that the polarization plane rotates about the optical axis 27.

The Polarisatc 28 is rotated at a frequency such that the frequency with which a single diode is brightness modulated

and below the Verschw'zungsfroquenz of the human eye. The overlapping structures of the objects 20,23 appear with the doppelon frequency, which is above the fusion frequency, while the non-opaque

Areas flicker. The goal of manual alignment of the array is to change the focal length of the optical system 24

the magnification with g in the object 13 is imaged in the image plane 19, and continue to (by turning and moving the object t 3 to minimize the flickering image portion, which means far-reaching congruence of the images20,23.

The measurement of the images 20,23 takes place with light receivers 29 or a receiving matrix, in the image plane 19

are arranged. The light receivers 29 are electrically coupled to a processing device 30, the measured variables evaluated, manipulated variables for the adjustment of the arrangement availabjng provides and outputs measurement results. The respective ones

Output signals of the light receiver 29 are in a first Be.idpaß on the frame rate of a single Image is matched and in a second bandpass, the Bild \ β double frame rate of a single image

adjusted, filtered.

An optimal alignment of the arrangement by automatically adjusting the focal length of the optical system 24 and rotation

and displacement of the object 13 to the optical axis 27 by manipulated variables from the processing device 30 is achieved when using a single light receiver 29, the amplitude of the output signal or when using a receiver matrix, the maximum number of receivers that provide a signal with twice the frame rate of a single image is.

The amplitude of the single frame rate signal remaining in the balanced state of the device is on Measure the difference between the pictures 20 and 23 of the objects 13 and 15. To compensate for intensity fluctuations of the light source 1, it is expedient in the processing unit 30 the quotient

From the signal amplitudes with double and simple frame rate for controlling an optimal match. For the same reason, it is convenient to express the difference between the objects 13, 15 by the reciprocal of this quotient. For identical objects 13,15 this assumes the value zero.

Another way to get information from the comparative observation and / or measurement of objects 13 and 15

is to separate wavelengths or wavelength ranges.

a) It uses monochromatic light 2, which emits a laser as a light source 1, or which is generated by a wavelength separator 31.

In the image plane 19, images 20, 23 are available in an equal wavelength for observation and / or measurement.

b) Natural light 2 of each light source 1 is used. Of the reflected light 16, 21, a wavelength or a wavelength range is separated by wavelength separators 32, 33, preferably color filters. Images 20, 23 in a wavelength or in a wavelength range are available in the image plane 19 for observation and / or measurement.

c) Natural light 2 of a light source 1 is used. From the reflected light 16 and the reflected light 21, different wavelengths or wavelength ranges are separated by the wavelength separators 32, 33, preferably filters having different transmission wavelengths. The wavelengths are preferably selected such that the overlapping regions of the images 20, 23 are displayed in a visually readily differentiable mixed color.

The adjustment of the arrangement and the evaluation are done visually, being adjusted to maximum proportion of the mixed color. The simplest arrangement, especially for the visual comparison of objects in reflected light works without the

optical systems 24,25,26.

With the arrangement according to FIG. 1, for example, two images (object 13, 15) which are too different! Times of that

same object have been stored to document temporal changes, compared as images 20,23. The

Areas in which, for example, length or concentration changes have occurred, occur in one The primary color is due to flickering in brightness-modulated light. Dor comparison of stored images of the fundus structure of a patient's eye as objects 13 and 15 allows a

much more objective assessment of pathological changes. The effect of therapeutic measures can be better controlled.

For example, in the assembly process of complicated assemblies, the nominal state as a stored image (object 13) and

the actual state of the module (object 15) are compared. In the development and production process, two workpieces, for example two semiconductor chips, can be examined as objects 13, 15 with respect to their structural differences.

For example, the arrangement of Figure 1 can be used for positional positioning of a workpiece. The object 13 is

the workpiece to be positioned, the object 15 is an image of the workpiece in the desired position. The at the balance of the arrangement

The movements of the object 13 required according to the criterion of maximum overlap equality of the images 20, 23 realize a precise positioning of the object 13 in a plane.

Figure 2 illustrates the arrangement for surveying observation and / or measurement with simultaneous inspection of both living Patientenar gene in principle. This example is based on the arrangement of FIG. 1. The objects 13, 15 are the fundus structures of a right eye 34 and a left eye 35 one patient. To the

anatomical arrangement of the eyes to meet and the alignment of the arrangement for displaying correct position,

20,23 of the right eye 34 and the left eye 35 of the same size and overlapping images are possible

optical systems 24,25 specially designed.

The optical system 24 is constructed of lenses 36, 37 and 38, preferably the lens 36, the refractive media of the

right eye 34 symbolizes.

The optical system 26 is constructed of a lens 39, wherein upon visual observation the lens 39 is replaced by the refractive lens Media of the observer eye 40 is realized. The optical system 25 is made of lenses 41,42,43,44 and 4b, from an Elemar »! for image shift and image mirroring 46,

which allows the image shift in the λ and Y direction, and constructed from an image rotation element 47. there

Preferably, the lens 41 represents the refractive media of the left eye 35.

The lenses 37, 42 are displaceably arranged in the direction of the optical axis 27 for the compensation of defective vision. For overlapping matching of both images 20, 23, a mirror is used as an element for image shift and image mirroring 46

jertzt, wherein the mirror surface parallel to itself in the direction of the optical axis 27 slidably and rotatably arranged around this.

As the image rotation member 47, a dove prism is used, with the dove prism being rotatable about the optical axis 27. To balance the Abbildungsmnßstabes the lens 45 is advantageously designed as a pancake system. Reflections on the mirror and on the dove prism change the image 23 of the funnel structures of the left eye 35 in such a way that

that the papillae in both pictures are 20,23 on the same side and both pictures upright, true to scale and

are covering.

The statements made in the embodiment of Figure 1 statements on the suppression of images 20,23, on the Wavelength separation for comparative observation and / or measurement and technical processing of Image information is used analogously in this example according to FIG. The manipulated variables of the processing unit 30 become the element for image shifting and image reflection 46, the element for Image rotation 474 and the running as a pancratic lens 45 supplied. By the metrological processing of the image information, a manual or automatic adjustment of the Arrangement, preferably according to the criterion of maximum overdocking uniformity of the images 20,23. A particular advantage of this embodiment is the direct comparison of real objects, in particular images of the Fundus structures of both eyes of a patient. There are structural and color differences between the objects 13,15

recognized and evaluated objectively by the metrological detection.

Figure 3 illustrates the arrangement for comparative observation and / or measurement of a patient's eye and a stored

Picture 48 dar.

This embodiment is also based on the arrangement na'ch Figure 1. The object 15 is the fundus structure of the right eye 34 or the left eye 35 of a patient. The other object 13 is the

previously stored image 48 of the same eye.

To adjust the magnification, the optical system 24 is variable in its focal length. The optical system 25

consists of the lenses 41, 42 and 43. The lens 41 represents the refractive media of the patient's eye. To compensate for

Defective vision of the patient's eye, the lens 42 along the optical axis 27 is displaced. By visual examination

the lens 39 represents the refractive media of the observer eye 40.

The statements made in the embodiment of Figure 1 statements on the suppression of Bildet '20,23 on the Wavelength separation for comparative observation and / or measurement and the metrological processing of Image information and the adjustment of the device apply analogously to FIG. 3 in this example. By processing the image information, a manual or automatic adjustment of the arrangement takes place, preferably

according to the criterion of maximum overlap equality of images 20,23.

This arrangement allows, during the inspection of the ebenden patient eye, the fundus structure in comparison with the

an image 48 stored earlier. Changes in the eye can be detected accurately

become.

Furthermore, it is useful for the localization of selected areas of the ocular fundus, in which in temporal Measurements or therapeutic measures are to be made on the stored image 48 of the fundus

to mark. Examination locations marked on the stored image 48 are imaged as image 20 simultaneously with the image 23 of the fundus structure of the patient's eye in the image plane 19.

FIG. 4 shows a modified arrangement for comparing objects in the reflected light. According to FIG. 4, the light source 1 transmits the light 2 as parallel rays of appropriate field size onto the surface T8 of FIG Additional prism 6. Before the surface 12 of the polarization prism 4, the first object 13, in front of the surface 14 of the additional prism 5 is

the second object 15, in front of the surface 3 of the polarization prism 4, the image plane 19 is arranged on the optical axis 27.

The statements made in the embodiment of Figure 1 statements on the suppression of images 20,23, on the Wavelength separation for comparative observation and / or measurement and the metrological processing of Bil'Jinformationen and the adjustment of the device apply in this example of Figure 4 analog. The arrangement according to FIG. 4 permits the same functions and applications with a changed geometrical arrangement,

as described in the examples of Figures 1 to 3. It allows a favorable geometric structure, in particular in the simultaneous examination of patient eyes.

The exemplary embodiments show the universal applicability of the invention. A particular advantage of the invention is the comparison of non-transparent objects 13,15, avoiding disturbing reflections

become.

Through the use of only one light source 1 for simultaneous illumination of the two objects to be compared 13,15 is the Influence of intensity fluctuations of the light source 1 on the result of the measurement avoided.

Claims (22)

1. A method for comparing objects in the reflected light, characterized in that from a light source (1) light (2) is preferably emitted as a parallel beam through a polarization prism (4) in a linearly polarized first beam (7), the one first object (13) is illuminated, and is decomposed into a perpendicularly linearly polarized second beam (8) illuminating a second object (15), that from the, from the first object (13) reflected light (16) only a portion of light (17), which oscillates perpendicular to the plane of oscillation of the linearly polarized first beam (7), produces an image (20), and in that only a portion of light (22), which is reflected by the light (21) reflected by the second object (15) perpendicular to the plane of oscillation of the linearly polarized second beam (8), generates an image (23), the image (20) and the image (23) being superposed in an image plane (19) and for comparative observation and / or measurement of the objects (13 , 15) are available. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that preferably a correct position and size-correct overlapping image of the object (13) as an image (20) and the object (15) as an image (23) by a manual or automatic adjustment of the position of at least one of Objects (13,15) to the optical axis (27) and / or by a manual or automatic adjustment of the magnification and the image position in at least one beam path of the reflected light (16,21), preferably according to the criterion of maximum overlap equality of the images (20 , 23). 3. The method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the light receiver (19) register the light components (17), (22) in the image plane (19), the measuring signals of a processing unit (30) are supplied, where there evaluated the measured signals , Control values for the automatic adjustment are output and measurement results are displayed. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the beam path, the reflected light (16), (21) or the light portions (17), (22) are mutually hidden, so that when coincidence of the images (20,23) doubling the frame rate of the single image (20,23) takes place. 5. The method according to claims 1,2 and 4, characterized in that the blanking is performed with such a frequency that the frame rate of the individual image (20), (23) below the fusion frequency of the human eye and the frame rate of the overlapping images (20), (23) is above the fusion frequency of the human eye, whereby a flicker-free image is used when doubling the frame rate as a criterion for the manual adjustment. 6. The method according to claims 1,2,3 and 4, characterized in that the maximum amplitude of the signal, which is measured by the light receivers (29) at twice the frame rate, is used as a criterion for the automatic adjustment. 7. The method according to claims 1,2,3,4 and 6, characterized in that the maximum amplitude of the signal with double frame rate remaining amplitude of the signal with a simple frame rate as a measure of the difference between the image (20) of the object (13) and the image (23) of the object (15) is evaluated. 8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the light source (1) emits monochromatic light (2) or a wavelength or a wavelength range of the light (2) is separated and the images (20), (23) in a same wavelength or a same wavelength range for observation and / or measurement in the image plane (19) are available. 9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that of the beams (7,8) and / or of the reflected light (16), (21) a same wavelength or a same wavelength range is separated and in the image plane (19) images (20), (23) of the objects (13), (15) are available in a wavelength or in a same wavelength range for observation and / or measurement in the image plane (19). 10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that of the beam (7) and the beam (8) and / or of the reflected light (16) and the reflected light (21) different wavelengths or wavelength ranges are separated, overlapping areas of the images (20), (23) are presented in a mixed color and multispectral images (20), (23) are available in the image plane (19) for observation and / or measurement, wherein the maximum proportion of the mixed color as a criterion for the manual adjustment is used. 11. Arrangement for the comparison of objects in the reflected light for carrying out the method according to claim 1, using a polarizing prism with additional prisms, characterized in that in front of a surface (3) of the polarization prism (4) the Lichtquel '? (1), in front of an opposite surface (12) of the polarization prism (4) the first object (13), in front of a surface (14) of an additional prism (5) the second object (15) and in front of a surface (18) of another additional prism (6) an image plane (19) are arranged so that they are pierced by the optical axis (27). 12. Arrangement according to claim 11, characterized in that between the surface (12) of the polarization prism (4) and the first object (13), between the surface (14) of the, additional prism (5) and the second object (15) , between the surface (18) of the additional prism (6) and the image plane (19) preferably at least one optical system (24,25,26) for imaging both objects (13,15) as images (20,23) is arranged. 13. Arrangement according to claim 11, characterized in that at least one object (13.15) to the optical axis (27) is arranged adjustable. 14. Arrangement according to claim 11, characterized in that the object (13) or the object (15) is a right eye (34) or a left eye (35) of a patient and that the respective other object (15) or object (15). 13), a stored image (48) of the same eye. 15. An arrangement according to claim 11, characterized in that the object (13) is the left eye (35) and the object (15) is the right eye (34) of a patient. 16. Arrangement according to claims 11,14 and 15, characterized in that the optical systems (24,25,26) are at least partially refractive media of eyes. 17. Arrangement according to claims 11 and 16, characterized in that at least one imaging optical system (24,25) is arranged to adjust the imaging scale and / or to compensate for the refractive error of the patient's eyes adjustable. 18. Arrangement according to claim 11, characterized in that between the surface (12) of the polarization prism and the first object (13) or between the surface (14) of the additional prism (5) and the second object (15) an element to Biidverschiebung and Image mirroring (46) and an element for image rotation (47) are arranged adjustable 19. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that preferably between the surface (18) of the additional prism (6) and the image plane (19), a polarizer (28) is rotatably arranged. 20. The arrangement according to claim 11, characterized in that between the surface (12) and the object (13), and between the surface (14) and the object (15) wavelength separators (32), (33) are arranged. 21. The arrangement according to claim 11, characterized in that between the light source (1) and the surface (3) of the polarization prism (4) a Wellenjängenseparator (31) is arranged or the light source (your laser is. 22. Arrangement according to claims 11 to 21, characterized in that in the image plane (19) light receiver (29) are arranged, which are electrically connected to the processing device (30), wherein the processing unit (30) with an object (13, 15) and / or elements of at least one optical system (24, 25) and / or with the element for image shifting and image reflection (46) and / or the element for image rotation (47).