DD218500A1 - SWITCHING SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR SWITCHING OFF ERRORS. FOR FORWARDING ARC FLASH IN THIS SWITCH - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a switchgear with circuit breakers, disconnectors, Kurzschliessern and Kurzschlussstrombegrenzungstransformatoren in electrical energy transmission and distribution systems and a method for switching off Fehlerzustaenden or for switching arcing faults on overhead lines in this switchgear and to extinguish arcing faults in this switchgear with busbars. By the invention should u. a. a short-circuit current limit in the network are brought about without a Demähaschung is necessary, at the same time the installation and maintenance costs of the switchgear are to be reduced. The invention therefore provides that the short-circuit current limiting transformer is provided between the busbars, while in the Abgaengen the operating and selective fault shutdown vornehmenden load switches are arranged, and that at the busbars in short-circuits, which are fed via one of the busbars, relieving the load switch , each made of a super-fast short-circuit and consisting of a circuit breaker switch combination is connected.

Description

Title of the invention. , ''

Switchgear and 7erfahren for switching off fault conditions or for the continuation of arcing faults in this switchgear

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a switchgear with circuit breakers ,, disconnectors, Eurzschließern and Kur zschlußs trombe grenzungs transformers in electric power transmission and distribution system η and a method for switching off fault conditions or to the continuation of arcing faults on overhead lines in this switchgear and to extinguish arcing faults in this substation with busbars ·

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

In the diverse requirements of switchgear for the transmission of electrical energy in high-voltage power grid and distribution of electrical energy in the outlets of the medium voltage and also, in which the low voltage is in addition to a high supply reliability by very reliable equipment and switchgear and well-balanced Netze'auch a reduction of Investi- '.

strived for. In particular, it has long been desired to reduce the number of power switches in the switchgear of the transmission system by the one and a half circuit breaker Me- '-thode used or by the switchgear by using the Η circuit or even the derailleur simplified · In this case, on one example, according to the principle of the Η circuit built inner circuit, such as the DD-PS 123047, H 02 B, 5/04 shows, one or more circuit chains, each consisting of a outgoing field and thus electrically connected in series transformer branch over electrical cross-connections, which preferably comprise power switches, coupled.

However, measures have already been taken to counter the rising short-circuit currents with a high-frequency network, which, however, leads to dangerous operating states. The goal of the demagnetization is then to keep the circuit-breakers with the low turn-off power still in the hurry.

Furthermore, it is already known to use "suitable busbars" or in the energy supply direction before the transformer short-circuiter in order to protect the switchgear and equipment and disable this short circuit centrally ·

On the other hand, the increasing Einspeiselej & ments and the higher Vermaschungsgrad sometimes require measures of Kurzschlußstrombe limitation by higher Kurzschlußspannungen.der transformers, but again draws disadvantages of Sp'annungs-Konstanz with fluctuating loads and an increased reactive power demand.

Finally, according to the DD patent application H 02 B / 243675 in order to reduce the investment and Wartungsaufwan- 'and thus in conjunction with the system volume and at

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Gleionzeitiger reduction of the short-circuit and overvoltage stress of downstream equipment already a method for operating Elektroenergievers orgungs systems have been proposed in ^; the in-dependence of disturbances or of necessary operating circuits in one or more outlets all operating and / or disturbance currents are switched such that first turns off the central circuit breaker and then the short-circuiter, which is located between the busbar and ground, is turned on, and in which subsequently, when the central circuit breaker is switched off and the short-circuiting device is switched on, the burner (s) in the one or more outlets, in which the operating or fault currents are switched, are opened during the de-energized pauses.

Object of the invention

The aim of the invention is to induce a Eiirzschlußs trombe limitation in Hetz, without a Sntmaschung is necessary, at the same time a fast short-circuit current and arc discharge 7 / ichtiger devices and switchgear parts to take place and high-quality circuit breakers are to be saved, so that a total Switchgear and its equipment can be designed with reduced strength, thereby reducing the installation and maintenance costs of the switchgear

Explanation of the essence of the invention

I.

The invention is based on the object, a; Switchgear for the transmission and distribution of electric energy in high, medium and high voltage networks, as well as a method for switching off fault states η or for switching arcing faults on overhead lines in

This switchgear and to extinguish arcing faults in this switchgear with busbars to. in which, with the use of circuit breakers, isolators, earthing limiters and surge current limiting transformers, these are to be arranged or switched such that short-circuit currents and arcing faults are controlled by the switchgear despite considerable reduction of the installation costs for the switchgear.

According to the invention this is achieved by a switchgear in which between the busbar or when fed in between the generator and the high-voltage busbar, the transfer or infeed-making Khrzschlußstrombegrenzungstransformator is provided, while in the outlets, the operating and selective fault shutdowns leading load switch

, are arranged, the Abschaltleistung corresponds to the 1.5 times the rated current value of the outlet up to 3 times the henna of the largest single transformer in the substation or in an adjacent substation, and at the busbars at a short circuit, which are fed via one of the busbars, relieving the load switch, each of a super-fast short-circuiter and consisting of a circuit breaker switch combination is connected, with the lying on earth super fast! Short-circuiter is connected in series with the circuit breaker · The each consisting of a super fast short circuit and a circuit breaker switch combination is designed as a unit

Since the response of each consisting of a super fast short circuit breaker and a circuit breaker switch combination always takes place only for a short time in severe cases - in simple cases switch the load switch selectively the fault location - and also the short-circuit current level is limited by the Eurzschlußstrombegrenzungstransformatoren, the current path and.the super - short circuit breakers and the circuit breaker of the

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Switch combination designed for short-term current routing ·

But also, with feeds without transformer or with. Transformers without Eairzschlußstrombegrenzung or in networks without other current-limiting means the operation of the switch combination is possible · Here, the load switch relieving switch combination is preferably designed for 3 times the shutdown · Again, the load switch for the rated currents of the outlets can be designed while the on the Each of the busbars connected to switch circuits forms a shunt that relieves the load current from the rated current strength of the load switch.

The deactivation of Pehlerzuständen takes place in this switchgear by a method in which the connected to the Samme! Rails of a substation switch combinations and all load switch in the outlets via a central control unit in the substation, coupled together Leittechnisch, a coordinated, selective switching off the Pehlerortes by the Enable load switch, such that closes on the operationally closed circuit breaker, the super fast short-circuiter and thus discharged the relevant load switch, so that the current equal to a current equal to or less than the rated current of the outlet or another setpoint according to the turn-off of the circuit breaker, said switching of the circuit breaker, the circuit breaker immediately shifts the short circuit from the busbar to then bring the supersaver short circuit to the ^" off" position, after which the circuit breaker is in the "on" position While in this method, slight Eur circuit currents are switched off according to the breaking capacity of the load switches of one load, switch or with two-sided feed of two circuit breakers, takes place at larger Pehler-

-55 ..-

the current-related discharge of the load switch in question flows through the switch combination consisting of the super fast "short-circuiter" and the circuit breaker.

Using the switchgear according to a further feature of the invention, arc faults are relayed on overhead lines by automatic closing / switch-on of the load switches and light faults in switchgear circuits are cleared by switching on the super fast breaker of the switch combination, the pre-programmed circuit breaker shutting off the collector short circuit If automatic restart does not occur, the circuit breaker is again turned on to turn off the load switch or switches, or the breaker location is switched on alone by the load switches if the current information of the current transformers permits it.

Embodiment.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to two exemplary embodiments. In the accompanying drawings:

O:

Pig · 1: a Net node; from a network

with a Eurocurrency limit transfer.

- mator, -

SIg. 2: a one-sided supply of a busbar via a Siirzschlußstrombegrenzungstrans-, format or ·.

In Pig · 1, a section of a composite network is shown in which between the busbars 1; 2, the sigma current limiting transformer 3 is provided · in all outlets 4; 5; 6; 7; 8 of these busbars 1; 2 'are the operating and selective Fehlerabschaltungen forward

• - 7 -

taking load switch 9; 10; 11; 12 is also arranged on each busbar 1; 2 a switch combination 13; 14 · connected, the one from. Earth Lie: constricting super fast short-circuiting device 15; 16 and from a series-connected with this circuit breaker 17; 18 exists. Using the example of the short-circuit point 19, the effect of the Eur circuit-closing limiting transformer 3 on the current values and voltage values with and without limiting the current is shown in this section of a network, the values without Eurzschlussstrombegrenzung in Fig. 1 in parentheses and the framed values are the voltage values · Thus, it follows from the example of this short-circuit point 19 that the load switch 9, the fault current (2,73) can switch off immediately, while the load switch 10 the JPehlerstrom (5 »71) may only turn off when the switch combination 14 with the closed circuit breaker 18 on the closing of the super-fast short circuiter 16 the load switch 10 relieved until after the commutation - this is completed when the load switch 10 has reached the current value according to its Abschuttleermögen, this current value of 3 times the current value of the largest single transformer of Umsp The current values and the voltage values relative to the rated voltage and to the nominal current of the largest individual transformer in the substation are obtained according to the following equations:

p # u · - values of the current: χ = I '

pu - values of the voltage: y = U

This .Schaltvorgang is by means of the current information through the current transformer 20 by means of the control unit 21st

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monitored, so that the switching off of the load switch 10 before switching off the power switch 18 of the switch combination 14 coordinated by the control unit 21 ·. is made. '.

In another design of the turn-off capacity of the load switches, namely for the 1 to 1.2 times the current of the outgoing circuits with respect to the Hennspannung and the rated current of the largest single transformer in the substation, starting from the section of a composite network shown in Pig · 1 then the Switch combination is needed so that on the operationally closed Leistungss'chalter 17 of this switch combination 13 of the load switch 9 is relieved until it with the current pe = 1.2 - this information, comes from the current transformer 22, the shutdown coordinated by the control unit 21 enforces, so that thereafter, the power switch 17 turns off and then the super-fast short-circuiter 15 is brought into the starting position and finally the power switch 17 in the "on" position comes, which is effected in total automatically by the control unit 21 ».

The in the outlets 6; 7; 8 provided current transformer 23; 24 are also in'Wirkverbindung with the control unit 21, are initiated via the analog switching operations in the manner already described coordinated ·

Like the Pig ·. 1 but also continues to show the example of the designed as an overhead line outlet 8 but also the conditions are given to arc fault by an automatic reclosure of the load switch 12 and 26 of. Outgoing 8 on, while · 'high-current arc fault or arc fault on the busbars 1;, 2; 29 by turning on the superfast short-circuiter 15; 15; 32 of the switch combination 13; 14; 33 are cleared and preprogrammed, triggered by the control unit 21 - responsible

1 9 -

for the busbars 1 and 2 and a control unit (not shown) for the busbar 29 - in cooperation with the current transformers 20; 22; 23; 24; 34 through the power switch 17; 18; 35 the busbar is briefly switched off · If a successful automatic reclosure does not occur, the circuit breaker 17; 18; 35 is turned on to the one or more load switch 9; 10; 11; 12; 26 turn off, or it is through this load switch 9; 10; 11; 12; 26, the fault location is progressed alone when the current information of the current transformers 20; 22; 23; 24 $ 34 allow the short-circuit current supply via the J outlet 27 to the busbar 29 by the generator 31 is limited by the EarzschlBstrombegrenzungstransf ormator 30, with a limited short-circuit current for the outlets 8; 28 occurs. '

Fig. 2 shows a one-sided feed of a busbar 36, which belongs to a center-voltage switchgear over the Kurzschlußstrombegrenzungstransf ormator 37 · Depending on the network structure, two variants for the quick shutdown of the short-circuit current limiting transformer 37 for faults in the differential protection range possible Fault currents for the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker 38 only the super fast short-circuiter 39 · For higher short-circuit power, the combination of switches 41 connected to the busbar 42 and consisting of the circuit breaker 43 and the super-fast short-circuiting device 44 is needed, which is needed between the short-circuiting transformer 37 and the load switch 38 of the feeder 40. Short circuits on the busbar 36, from which, for example, the outlet 45 goes off, are switched off by the provided in the departure 46 load switch 47 with 3 χ I _n - Abschaltvermögen, since for example the Kursschlußstrombegrenzungstransformator 37 only 3 times the rated current as a short circuit

current permits, when at the S amme! rail 4-2, from which the outlets 48 with the load switches 4-9 and the current transformers 50 depart, the. Nominal voltage is present · The in outputs 4-0; 4-6; 4-8 provided current transformer 50; 51; 52 again communicate with a control unit (not shown in detail) which coordinates the switching operations.

Claims (5)

Invention claim 1. . '. Switchgear with circuit breakers, burners, short-circuiters and current-limiting transformers in electrical energy transmission and distribution installations, characterized in that between the busbars (1; 2; 29; 36; 42) and between the generator and the high-voltage busbar, the 3, 30, 37), while in the outlets (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 27, 28, 40, 46, 48) the operating and selective fault shut-down circuit breakers (9; 10; 11; 12; 26; 38; 47; 49) whose breaking capacity is 1.5 times the current value of the outlet (4; 5; 6; 7; 8; 27 \ . 28; 40; 46; 48) to corresponds to 3 times the rated current of the largest single transformer in the substation or in an adjacent substation, and that at the busbars (1; 2; 29; 42) one at short-circuits fed through one of the busbars (1; 2; 29; 42) be, the Load switch (9; 10; 11; 12; 26; 38; 49) relieving, each of a super-fast short-circuiter (15; 16; 32; 44) and a circuit breaker (17; 18; 35; 43) existing switch combination (13; 14; 33; 41) is connected to the lying on earth superfast short circuiter (15; 16; 32; 44) is connected in series with the power switch (17; 18; 35; 43). 2.. Switchgear according to item 1, characterized in that the switch combination (13; 14; 33; 41) is designed as a structural unit. Switchgear according to item 1 and 2, characterized in that the current path and the super fast short circuiter (15; 16; 32; 44) and the circuit breaker (17; 18; 35; 43) of the. Switch combination (13; 14; 33; 41) are designed for short-term current conduction. 4. '-. • Switchgear according to items 1 and 2> characterized in that, in the case of infeed without transformer or in the case of transformers without short-circuit current limitation or in the case of networks without other current-limiting means, the load switch (9; 10; 11; 12; 26; 38; 49 ) relieving switch combination (13; 14; 33; 41) is preferably designed for 3 times the breaking capacity. 5.. '- ι. Switchgear according to item 1, 2 and 4, characterized in that the circuit breakers (9; 10 ;, 11; 12; 26; 38; 49) for the outgoing currents (4; 5; 6; 7; 8; 27; 28; 40; 48), while the switch combinations (13; 14; 33; 41) connected to the busbars (1; 2; 29; 42) each have a voltage above the rated current of the load switches (9; 10; 11; 12; 26, 38, 49) form a relieving shunt. , - '' '· ..'. Method for switching off fault conditions in a switchgear according to items 1 to 3, characterized in that: the switchgear assemblies (13; 14; 33; 41) connected to the busbars (1; 2; 29; 42) and all load switches ( 9; 10; 11; 12; 26; '38; 49) in the outlets (4; 5; 6; 7; 8; 27; 28; 40; 48) via a central control unit (21) in the substation or other control units in other substations, interfaced with each other, enable coordinated, selective switching off of the fault location by the load switches (9; 10; 11; 12; 26; 38; 49), such that via the circuit breaker (17; 18; 35; 43) the super fast short circuiter (15; 16; 32; 44). _ 13 - thus discharging the relevant load switch (9; 10; 11; 12; 26; 38; 49) so that the current intensity is equal to or less than the rated current of the outlet (4; 5; 6; 7; 8; 27; 28, 40, 48) or another target value; according to the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker (9; 10; 11; 12; 26; 38; 49), and that after switching the circuit breaker (9; 10; 11; 12; 26; 38; 49) the circuit breaker (17; 18 ; 35; 43) immediately shortens the short circuit from the busbar (1; 2; 29; 42) and then places the super fast short circuiter (15; 16; 32; 44) in the "off" position, after which the circuit breaker ( 17, 18, 35, 43) is brought into "on" position. Method according to item 6, characterized in that arcing faults (25) on the output (8) designed as an overhead line are advanced by an automatic reclosing of the load switches (12; 26), and arcing faults in switchgear assemblies with busbars (1; 2; 29; 42 ) by the switching on of the super-fast short-circuiter (15; 16; 32; 44) of the switch combination (13; 14; 34; 41) and preprogrammed the circuit breaker (17; 18; 35; 43) switches off the busbar short-circuit and in case of unsuccessful automatic Reconnection of the circuit breakers (17; 18; 35; 43) is turned on again to turn off the relevant one or more load switches (9; 10; 11; 12; 26; 38; 49) or by the load switches (9; 10; 11; 12; 26; 38; 49) the location of the fault is incremented by itself if the current information of the current transformers (20; 22; 23; 24; 34; 50) permits it. For this egg-side drawings