DD208029A1 - RADIATION SURFACE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF - Google Patents

Abstract

THE INVENTION IS APPLICABLE IN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY, CONSTRUCTION, AIR CONDITIONING AND MACHINE CONSTRUCTION. THE OBJECT OF THE INVENTION IS TO REDUCE MANUFACTURING, OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE COSTS BY A SIMPLE COMPONENT ARRAY AND A HIGH EFFICIENCY OF THE RADIATION FLOOR. THE OBJECT OF THE INVENTION TO OBTAIN HIGH MOUNTING ACCURACY AND IMPROVEMENT OF RADIATION CHARACTERISTICS AT THE SAME TIME REDUCTION OF THE RADIATION COATING SURFACE BY CARRYING OUT, BY MEANS OF TEMPLATES, RADIATION SEGMENTS COMPOSED OF A SUBSTANCE OF GRAPHITE, SOIL, WATER AND BINDER INTERVENTIONALLY WORKING WITH ULTRASOUND INTERVALUALLY USING PRESSURE BETWEEN 6 AND 18 MPA AFTER EXPIRATION OF A FIRST LEVEL OF DISPERSION BECOMES.

Description

Applicant: VEB Wohnungsbaukombinat Halle

4010 Halle (Saale), Schülershof Ί2

Representative: Pat.-Ing. Klaus Echtermeyer, VEB Wohnungsbaukombinat Halle 4010 Halle (Saale), Schülershof 12

Halle, May 15, 1982

Title of the Invention '. · '' "''

Radiation surface for generating electromagnetic waves and methods of their production;

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a radiant surface for generating electromagnetic waves and a method for the production thereof, in particular for heating, drying, cooling and for Blektroenergieumwandlung and is applicable wherever. energy-converting processes take place, preferably in power engineering, in construction, in refrigeration and air-conditioning technology and in mechanical engineering. .

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

It has already fertilize 'in the DD _{Pateritanme!;} ,. ·· WP H05 B / 230603/5 and WP F24J / 231 8.83A? proposed to use for generating electromagnetic waves, a radiation surface, which consists of a dispersion laus water, graphite powder, carbon black and a binder. These; Radiation surface is.t covered with metal foil strips at a distance der'Wellenlängenfachfachen, with the help of a defined radiation spectrum are generated can. The metal foil strips made of copper, which serve as antenna limiters and as antenna feeders, have to be installed on the radiation surface because of the short wavelengths, for example in the infrared range, with a relatively large amount of manual time and with high accuracy. It does not always succeed, one

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To produce effective Kpntakt with the radiation surface and to comply exactly with the necessary for an optimal mode of action distance of the wavelength multiplier. '

Object of the invention. .

It is the aim of the invention, a. Radiation surface for generating electromagnetic waves and to provide a method for their production, with the help of which it is possible, the labor productivity in the manufacture of the 'Strah-'. to increase the quality of the surface and to improve the efficiency of the energy conversion process.

Presentation of the essence of the invention

The object of the invention is to design the radiation surface for generating electromagnetic waves and a method for the production thereof so that a high level of installation accuracy in the production of the radiation surface for generating a defined radiation is guaranteed: that different frequencies are reproducibly adjusted can be., And the effectiveness of the radiation properties :, while reducing the layer thickness, is increased. ....- '

It has been found that an improvement of, radiation effect occurs when the large radiating surfaces are divided into 'large number of small, vertically arranged radiation segments, the width of said radiation segments fold 5-a wavelength several times and the intervals of the radiation area divider 2 to the Wavelength amount. The electromagnetic waves are generated in the radiation segments by applying an AC voltage between the lower and the upper antenna limiters. The associations of a radiation segment present in the radiation segments

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Pielektronensystems, an insulator and a binder. form the smallest dipoTe. The current oscillating between insulator and pielektronensystem, such as soot and graphite, is surrounded by annular magnetic field lines. At the interface a capacity aiii builds up. At the moment of current reversal, the field disappears and the field lines close to the dipole ^v sink back into the system. This creates an inductance. The 'not .. in ^one dipole back, but be as electromagnetic' field lines fall already more distant because of their inertia ·; The radiation effect is substantially increased according to the invention if, within the radiation segments, the insulators, the pielektronensystem and the binder are selectively arranged so that a plurality of dipoles and closed resonant circuits are formed. This achieves a transformation from 50 Hz to 10 ¹¹ _n to 10 ¹ Hz. A further increase in frequency is possible due to a higher frequency

excitation from 10 kHz to 10 MHz to ranges from 10 to

15 '10 Hz and above. Die'all metal foils formed antenna limiter and the antenna feed line, are in a. Locking device attached to both outer edges of the FeT. Tigteilelementes is fixed, clamped. The streamlined metal foil strips can now be moved exactly in two directions and fixed by an insulating compound in its final installation position. The metal foils are pressed by the insulating material to the surface of the radiation segments, while at the same time the insulating material serves as contact protection.

The process for producing the radiation surface is. designed as follows: ...-,. '..'. ''

The radiation surface is made of a dispersion, the composition according to the invention for forming the closed oscillating circuits and. having dipoles, prepared:

10 to 30% by weight of natural and / or synthetically produced binders having a viscosity greater than 50%. Outflow time in the outlet cup, 4 mm nozzle, preferably polyvinyl acetates, polyacrylates and polypeptides are filled into a premix container and 5 to 20% by mass of insulators, preferably These three components are mixed by means of stirrers for 10 to 20 minutes, and by applying pressure, the first stage of the comminution of the soot particles is carried out to a particle size of less than 40 micrometers To this dispersion, 5 to 50% by mass of the substance are mixed with a Pielektronensystem, preferably graphite, and mixed by means of stirrer 10 to 20 minutes.This dispersion thus prepared has no or only low radiation properties after application of an alternating current as a radiation surface According to the invention, then excellent radiation properties of the Strahlungsseg achieved in a second process step, high shear forces at intervals on the substance of the Pielektronensystems, such as graphite act. By using dips between _: 6 MPa to 18 MPa there is a change in the association of the pielektronensystems. in such a way that elongate systems of dipoles and closed oscillating circuits are formed. In the second stage of the dispersion, further comminution of the insulators and of the particles of the substances of the electron system takes place, a particle size of less than 20 micrometers. To accelerate the dispersing process, either ^: the ultrasonic dispersion technique is used. ,

On a horizontal coating surface a template is placed and locked. This template consists of a frame and a plurality of stiffening webs whose width correspond to the radiation surface dividers to be created on the radiation surface. Between the bridges

are arranged fine-mesh sieves whose surfaces are identical to the dimensions of the radiation segments. By means of manual spraying, brushing or doctoring methods or by means of industrial robots, the dispersion according to the invention is applied to the stencil. By adding a thixotropic agent to the dispersion, a high accuracy of the contour boundary boundary of the radiation segments is achieved. The amount applied is selected in such a way that a dry ice thickness of 60 to 80 microns layer thickness results. The template is removed and the resulting radiation segments are fixed by a dry process. Thereafter, an antenna template is placed on the coating surface, aligned and locked at an angle of 90 degrees to the radiation surface splitters. The antenna template consists in particular of a metal sheet with slots which correspond to the dimensions of the antenna limiters and the antenna feed line. The antenna limiter thicknesses of the slots are 5 to 10 times the wavelength, the antenna lead thickness is 10 to 20 times the wavelength. The slots are made either by metal spraying with copper or by paint spraying or brushing with a conductive paste preferably / graphite filled with fine-metal ground with a layer thickness of 0.05 to 0,1 mm. Already in pre-production. be moved .Kontaktdosen and electrical lines incorporated in the Be.schichtüngsflache at the edge of the precast element. The ends' of the antenna limiters and the 'antenna lead are' in the contact cans with / metal foil strip, preferably made of copper, covered and pressed together with adhesive tape and fixed. The ends of the metal foil strips are linked to the electrical lines within the contact boxes.

.. - 6 embodiments _v -

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings. In the drawings show:

Fig. -1: a schematic representation of

Radiation surface of a finished part '. wall element of industrial home. building and civil engineering,

Fig. 2: a schematic representation of a ^! Pielektronensystems after processing according to the invention. , , ·.

3 shows a schematic representation of a

System of closed and open. electromagnetic resonant circuits as

microscopic cutout of the radiation. ; Segment of the detail A according to FIG. 1,

4 shows a template for producing the radiation segments,

Fig. 5: An Äntennenschablone for production. '. the antenna limiter and the antenna feeder,.

• Fig. 6: _a representation of the connection of a '

Antenna limiter with an electric ' ^: cable. , -

Example 1 ' ,

It has been found that, in contrast to the known radiation surfaces, an improvement in the radiation effects occurs when the large radiation surfaces are subdivided into numerous small, vertically arranged radiation segments 9, the width of these radiation segments 9 is a wavelength multiple and the distances of the radiation surface elements 3 are 2 to 5 times the wavelength.

The electromagnetic waves are in the radiation segments 9; thus generated by. Between the lower, the upper antenna limiters 10,. 12 and the antenna feed line 11, an AC voltage is applied. The in the

, Segments 9 existing associations of a Pielektronensystems 16, the insulators 15 and a binder. 14 form smallest dipoles. 13 · The switch between insulator 15 and Pielektronensystem 16, for example between carbon black and graphite and herpendelnde current is of annular magnetic field line - surrounded Britain and at the interface builds a capacity

, opened up. At the moment of current reversal, the field disappears and the field lines near the dipole sink back into the system. This creates an inductance. The already more distant field lines do not fall back due to their inertia in the dipole · 13, but are emitted as electromagnetic radiation .. The periodicity of this process is enhanced. The radiation effect is increased according to the invention if, within the radiation segments 9, the insulators 15, the electron system 16 and the binder 14 are arranged in a targeted manner _: that a multiplicity of dipoles, 13 and closed oscillation circuits 18 are formed. Overall, it will

, 11 13

'a transformation from 50 Hz to 10 to 10 hertz.

reached. A further increase in the frequency is possible by a higher-frequency excitation on areas, for example

The upper antenna limiters 10, which are formed as metal foils, the antenna feed line 11 and the lower antenna limiters 12 are clamped in an arrestor which is fastened to the outer edges of the Fe.rtigteilelementes. After dismantling the locking device 17, the metal foils are fixed by an insulating compound 5 in position. The insulating 5 presses the. Metal foils. to the surface of the radiation segments 9 and serves as a contact protection.

Example 2. _; ^{l <} . ,

The radiation surface is made of a dispersion, the composition according to the invention for forming the closed resonant circuits 18 and. of the dipoles 13, manufactured:

10 -30% by weight of natural and / or synthetically produced binders having a viscosity greater than 50 see. Flow time in the 4 mm nozzle, preferably polyvinyl acetates, polyacrylates and polypeptides, are introduced into a "pre-mixing vessel" and 5 to 20% by weight of insulators 15, preferably , Soot as well. 0.1-10% by weight of dispersing assistant was added. These three components are mixed by means of stirrers for 10 to 20 minutes. By applying pressures: the first stage of comminution of the soot particles as insulator 15 takes place to a particle size of less than 40 micrometers. 5 to 50% by mass of substance with a Pielektronensystem 16, 'preferably graphite, and by means of agitator 10th mixed until 20 minutes. _y

This dispersion thus prepared has no or only little radiation surface. Radiation properties after applying an alternating current. According to the invention are then excellent; Radiation properties of the radiation 'achieved segments 9, if in a second process step

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high shear forces 6. Intermittent acting on the substance of Pielektronensystems 16, such as graphite. Using pressures between 6 MPa to 18 MPa, a change of the association of the Pielektronensystems 16 is performed such that elongated systems of dipoles 13 and closed resonant circuits entstehehen 18th In the second stage of dispersion, there is also a further comminution of the insulators, for example carbon black. and the particle of the substance of the electron system "16 to a particle size of less than 20 micrometers." In order to accelerate the dispersion process, the ultrasonic dispersion technique is used.

Example 3.

The radiation surface of a wall element illustrated in FIG. 3 is produced as follows:

On a horizontal coating surface 19, which was prefabricated, for example, in prefabrication of. Industrial housing as a component, a template., Which is shown in Figure 4, placed and locked ... The template consists of a frame 1 and a plurality of stiffening S. 'tegen 20, whose. Width the _; on the radiation surface to be created Strahlungsfläche-, dividers 3 corresponds. Between the webs 20 fine-meshed sieves ", 2 are arranged whose surfaces ^{1 are} identical to the dimensions of the radiation segments 9. With the aid of manual spraying methods, brushing or doctoring methods or by means of industrial robots, the dispersion according to the invention is applied to the stencil The addition of a thixotropic agent to the dispersion achieves a high accuracy of the contour boundary of the radiation segments 9. The application quantity is selected such that a dry layer of 60 to 80 microns thickness is formed Radiation segments 9 are fixed by a drying process, after which one in FIG

2402 5

shown antenna template 21 placed on the coating surface 19, at an angle of 90 degrees to the radiation surface divider 3 'aligned and locked. The antenna template. 21 is preferably made of a thin metal sheet containing slots 4, which correspond to the dimensions of the lower and upper antenna limiters 10, 12 and the antenna feed line 11. The Antennenbegrenzerdicken 22 of the slots 4 represent a 5- to 10-fold the wavelength, the Antennenzuleiterdicke 23 a 10 to 20 times the wavelength. With a metal spray gun is in the thermal spraying copper in the slots- 4 with a layer thickness of 0, 05 to 0, T mm entered. '

Example 4 .. '', '' '·'

It is also possible that the thermal spraying of copper or other electrically highly conductive materials takes place first on the coating surfaces 19 and then. only the radiation segments 9 are applied.

Example "- 5-":, ''. · ^! '

In contrast to the previous examples, the antenna limiters 10, 12 and the antenna feed line 1 are not made of copper, but of a conductive paste, consisting preferably of graphite and fine metal. cut, made; Already 'in the prefabrication process' the coating surface 19 at the edge of the precast element. K.ontaktdosen 25 and electrical lines ¹ 26 poured. The ends of the antenna limiters 10, 12 and 11 of the antenna feed line 11 are covered with metal foil strips 27, preferably copper, in the area of the contact boxes 25 and fixed with adhesive strips 28. The ends of the metal foil strips 27 and the electrical leads 25 are fixedly connected to each other by, for example, soldering and are _; after assembly, to "one

24

With the solution according to the invention, a high sintering accuracy is achieved while at the same time increasing the labor productivity in the production of the radiation surface. It guarantees a consistent and reproducible high quality of the radiation surface while improving the radiation properties and saving material and working time.

Claims (3)

Claim of invention, 1. Radiation surface for generating electromagnetic waves, which consists of -a dispersion of water, graphite, carbon black and binder and covered with 'antenna limiters and antenna leads of metal foils.ist., And that with the radiation surface, the open and ~ closed   · Forms electromagnetic oscillating circuits, a high-frequency radiation energy for heating. Cooling and for the generation of electric energy, e g e η η ζ e c hn et d a d u r c h that the radiation surface is subdivided into oblong radiation segments (9) which are mutually separated by radiation surface dividers (3)  are separated, wherein the width of the radiation segments (9) a wavelength multiplier and the distances of the radiation surface divider (3) two to five times , the wavelength being such that within the radiation segments (9) insulators (15), electron systems (1.6) and binders (14) are arranged as dipoles (13). the upper antenna limiters (10) designed as metal feet, the lower antenna limiters (12) and the antenna feed line (11) in a lock (17) on the outer edges of a coating surface (19) ^ variably clamped and covered with an insulating compound (5), wherein the Antennenbegrenzer .. (1O; '12) , have a width that is 5 to 10 times that of   Correspond to the wavelength and the antenna feed line (11) is twice as wide as the antenna limiters (10, 12) ...: '. , '. , "... 2. A method of producing a radiation surface for generating electromagnetic waves by means of a bis-dispersing process for forming closed and open resonant circuits using graphite, carbon black, water and binder. characterized in that, after the first stage of dispersion, the substance of the electron system (16) is acted on at intervals by the use of pressures between 6 to 18 MPa (16 / with shearing forces (6)) and elongate systems of dipoles ( 13) and closed resonant circuits (18) are made so that, in a second stage of dispersion, the insulators (15) and the substance of the electron system (16) are reduced to a particle size of less than 20 microns, which is dispersed with ultrasound according to which the dispersion which is a thixotr , is added on a stencil consisting of a frame (1), several sieves. (2) and stiffening ribs (7) is applied by spraying, brushing and / or doctor blade method with a layer thickness of 60 to 80 microns that, on the resulting radiation segments (9) riach a 'drying an antenna template (21) at an angle of 90 degrees to the radiation surface splitters (3)  · Is placed on the .fixed radiation segments (9), and thereafter the slots (4), whose "sizes the Antennenbegrenzern (10;. 12) and the antenna feed line (11), in thermal spraying with   ι. '. , ". a well-electrically conductive Me'tall be filled with a layer thickness of 0.05 to 0.1 mm. 3. Procedure according to item 2, above, indicates that the slits (4) are filled with a conductive paste consisting of, preferably, graphite with fine metal cuts. - ' , Method according to item " 2 and 3, eq η η draws d ad and rch that on the '.'. '"'. Antenna delimiter (10,12) and the antenna feed line (11) metal foil strips (27) are fixed, the ends of which protrude into contact boxes (25) and there. With . electrical lines (26) linked v / earth. For this purpose 3 pages e e ution e η