DD144706A1 - FUNGICIDE - Google Patents

Abstract

Fungicides, in particular for combating herbaceous and Tuber blight (Phytophthora infestans). The aim of the invention was to find fungicidal agents that have no toxic side effects cause and their production is cost-effective. The Object of the invention · consisted in the provision of fungicides, which are not heavy metals. It has been found that fatty acids, • the lipid extracts of the microbial fermentation of Hydrocarbons are obtained at expense concentrations of 0.5 to 10 kg / ha, fungicidal active substances, in particular against the pathogens of late blight (Phytophthora infestans). From particular advantage is the low toxicity of the active ingredient mixture. The invention can be applied in agriculture.

Description

fungicide

Area of application of the invention

The invention relates to a fungicide, in particular for controlling the late blight (Phytophthora infestans), preferably on potatoes and is classified in the IPK A 01 K.

Char a kteristik the known technical solutions

As fungicides for controlling in particular the late blight on potatoes and other plants, mainly triphenyltin compounds, zinc and manganese dithiocarbamates and copper salts are used. (R * Wegler, Chemie der Pflanzenschutz- und Schädlingsbekungsmittel, Berlin, 1970, 1977). In addition, a large number of other chemical compounds have been proposed without attaining economic importance. "The known and used fungicides generally have the disadvantage that they contain heavy metals · In any case, their application leads to certain plant damage and leaves metal-rich residues on the plants that pose a risk to the plant and animal food chain. ·

Object of the invention

The aim of the invention is to find fungicidal active compounds, in particular against the pathogens of late blight (Phytophthora infestans), which cause no toxic side effects and their production is cost-effective.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The invention has for its object to provide substances with fungicidal activity, which are not heavy metal,

Surprisingly, it has been found that fatty acids and fatty acid-containing fractions which are obtained from lipid extracts of the microbial fermentation of hydrocarbons with yeasts or bacteria have a high fungicidal activity, in particular against the pathogens of late blight (Phytophthora infestans), which are particularly damaging to potatoes The fatty acids and fatty acid-containing fractions can be recovered from the lipid extracts by known methods, such as z / b. in DD-PS 110 037, DE-OS 2 756 977 and GB-PS 1 410 091 are described.

When the lipid extract is derived from microorganisms obtained from fermentations using a petroleum distillate cut, eg boiling at 240 to 380 ^° C., the fatty acids isolated from the extract have a length of carbon chain in the range of 12 to 20, with a relative high proportion has a chain length of 17. The proportion of unsaturated fatty acids is> 30% by weight, preferably about 50 to 70% by weight. "In particular, the CL, -, - and C _4O fatty acids

1 / Io

essentially unsaturated, with a significant portion is polyunsaturated fatty acids *, the a ^and s the originating as a carbon source using η-paraffins microorganisms are isolated, are the fatty acids

from the microorganisms grown using petroleum distillate cuts, if the n-paraffins are identical in both carbon substrates. The fatty acids according to the invention can be processed with customary auxiliaries to form corresponding formulations. It is also possible to use fractions of the lipid extract enriched with fatty acids. "The use of adhesives has proven to be more effective in increasing its long-term effectiveness. The application concentration is 0.5 to 10 kg, preferably 1 to 5 kg of active ingredient mixture per hectare.

The fungicidal activity of the fatty acids according to the invention, in particular against the pathogens of late blight (Phytophthora infestans), is based on the common presence of the cited fatty acids.

An effect against warm-blooded animals, insects and on plants could not be observed at the application concentrations, which represents a significant advance over other fungicides.

The toxicity of the active substance mixture is extremely low and is (oral to rats) 4000 to 8000 mg / kg. It is degraded after application without leaving toxic residues.

The following example serves to further illustrate the invention without limiting it.

example

From a microbial lipid extract, which is obtained as a byproduct in the fermentation of hydrocarbons from a Erdiedridetillatschnitt the Siedelage 240 to 380 ⁰ C with a strain of yeast Candida guilliermondii, were separated by known methods, the fatty acids and fatty acid-containing fractions · The fatty acids had in Table 1 named composition:

Table 1 Number of double bonds approximate Proportion of, Wt.% 0 1.0 1.0 _OI3 Length of the C chain 0 2.0 2.0 ⁰ U ' 13 O 1 4.5 y '0.9) 5.4 ^C 15 14 O 1 8.0) 10.0 ) 18.0 ^C 16 15 15 0 6,9) 16 16 1 31.5 ] 41.1 ^C 17 17 2 2,7) 17 O 6.1 _} 17 1 2 13,1). 10.5] 31.7 ^C 18 18 3 2,0) 18 18 0.8 0.8 18 Certainly determined

100.0

2ί 413

The following types of acids were present:

Even-numbered fatty acids about 52 wt./ζ

Odd fatty acids about 48% by weight

Saturated fatty acids about 29% by weight

Unsaturated fatty acids about 71% by weight

Using the fatty acids according to the invention, the following active ingredient mixtures in the form of solid and liquid preparations were tested for their effectiveness against Phytophthora infestans:

Agent A 20 % Active Ingredients, Liquid Formulation Composition B 50 % Active Ingredient, Solid Formulation Agent C 50% Active Ingredient, Solid Formulation

with 2 % adhesive

methodology

Tomato plants (Lycopersicmn esculentum) were sprayed with the emulsion or suspension at the specified concentration. «

After the spray coating had dried, Phytophthora infestans was infected either without or with irrigation (with a quantity of 10 l / m 2) on the test fungus.

After 48 hours at 96 % relative humidity and + 20 ⁰ C was aired and the plants exposed to normal greenhouse conditions. "The assessment was carried out after 6 to 8 days by Bonitierung the leaf infestation and the plant damage. The results are shown in Table 2.

Table_2

Average application rate effectiveness against

kg of active ingredient / ha Phytophthora infestans

without sprinkling with irrigation

A A A A

5 1 0.5

4 4 4 3 4 4 3 2

Plant compatibility

4 4 4

B B B B

5. 1 0.5

4 4 4 4 4 4 4

4 4 4-4

C C C C

5 1

0.5

4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

4 4 4 4

Score: effectiveness

fully effective

good effect

moderately effective

ineffective

plant tolerance

no damage

extremely low damage significant damage severe injury

Claims (5)

claim 1 * Fungicides, especially for combating herbaceous and
Tuber blight (Phytophtora infestans), preferably
on potatoes, characterized in that they are next to
usual Ililfs- and carriers as active ingredients contain higher fatty acids derived from lipid extracts of the microbial fermentation of hydrocarbons
become, 2. Fungicides according to item 1, characterized in that the length of the carbon chain of the fatty acids comprises a range of 12 to 20, wherein a relatively large
Proportion of fatty acids has a chain length of 17. 3 · Fungicides according to items 1 and 2, characterized in that the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids is> 3OQew,% ₉ preferably etv / a 50 to 70% by weight « 4 · Fungicides according to item 1 to 3> characterized in that they are applied at application rates of 0.5 bin 10, preferably 1 to 5 kg / ha j. Fungicides according to items 1 to 4, characterized in that they are finished as wettable powders and emulsion concentrates, preferably with added adhesive.