DD143530A5 - MEMBRANE AND ITS ARRANGEMENT IN GEHAEUSEN - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a membrane and its arrangement in Enclosures, which finds a versatile application, so zura Zu- or Shut down or regulate or pump or compress flowing material or to lift or push objects. So the membrane at uniform basic form finds most diverse applications, at the same time in every operating position with small spatial form changes is exposed exclusively to compressive stresses, and the membrane with Such a high inherent strength is equipped that they without assistance seals foreign components, it is proposed that the on the Edge subsequent section at the plane of the clamping edge directed side is concave, the wall thickness of the membrane in Direction from Einspannrand to the middle constantly increasing and the Diaphragm in all positions of its movement in the area between her Einspannrand and the center a single, always on the same side sum Einspannrand lying circulating ring arch has. Enntsprechend the concrete application as a valve with diagonal or straight seat or as a butterfly valve shape and sealing surfaces are specified.

Description

4- 212751

Membrane and its arrangement in housings

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a membrane and its arrangement and actuation in associated housings.

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

Previous membranes have a variety of manifestations and applications. They are also subject to strong changes in shape during their operation, so that they wear out soon ·

Object of the invention

The invention aims at a uniform Gpundform the membrane various applications, as well as ensuring the tightness *

Presentation of the essence of the invention

The present invention is based on the problem of providing a membrane for switching on or off or for pumping or compressing flowing substances or for lifting or for pushing objects which, in a uniform basic form, have very different applications

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In addition, the membrane should be exposed to compressive stresses in all operating positions with slight changes in space exclusively, the thickness of the V / erkstoffes arbitrary to the respective pressure conditions can be adapted and thus the membrane is equipped with such a high intrinsic strength that it seals without the aid of foreign B _a uteile.

To solve this problem is proposed in a membrane of elastic material, the flange-like hand is clamped to a support according to the invention that

a) the section adjoining the edge is concave on the side directed towards the plane of the clamping edge,

b) the wall thickness of the membrane increases continuously in the direction from the clamping edge to the middle _{

c) the membrane in all positions of its movement in the region between its clamping edge and the center has a single, always from the same side to the clamping edge lying, circumferential ring vault.

The king vault, which is symmetrical about an imaginary center axis perpendicular to the clamping edge, goes in the middle area of the membrane on the side directed towards the clamping edge

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in a reversal curve, so that there is a convex curvature. Seen in cross section, the arcuate convex boundary curves of the ring vault of the membrane outside cut, which the clamping. are turned away in the middle of the membrane.

The membrane outer side facing away from the clamping edge merges in the region of the center of the membrane from an arcuate convex arc into a concave arc. The ratio of diameter to height is greater than 2 _t 5 and less than 3.5.

Seen in cross-section, the convexly curved circular ring and the concavely curved central spherical shell-shaped section on the membrane outer side facing away from the clamping edge are relatively smaller and the concavely curved circular ring of the annular arch and the convexly curved central spherical shell-shaped section on the membrane inner side facing towards the clamping edge are in relation to one another smaller to larger «At the outer side of the diaphragm facing away from the clamping edge, the area of the convex boundary curves of the ring arch constitutes more than about 70 _%, preferably more than 90 %, of the total surface area.

The entire, the Einspannrand remote membrane outside is designed as a work surface. The flange-like clamping edge is retracted inwards. In addition, the flange-like clamping edge protrudes outward by a small amount.

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An obliquely approximately elliptical cross-section is present in the central region between the ring vault on the inner side of the diaphragm, the outer edge of which lies below or in the region of the clamping edge and projects circumferentially into a part of the curvature. The thickening is arranged as a closure piece obliquely to the clamping edge of the membrane,

In a membrane which is clamped as a valve between a housing part through which the medium flows and an upper housing part receiving the valve actuation, there is a closed space filled with a pressure medium between the membrane and the inner surface of the housing upper part.

In the middle of the diaphragm, a journal or the like holder extending in the direction of its axis of symmetry is mounted for an adjusting device which protrudes outward beyond the membrane inner side facing the clamping margin.

When used as a valve between a flowed through by the medium housing part and a valve actuator receiving housing upper part clamped membrane, the valve actuator on a pressure piece on its side adjacent to the membrane has a concave spherical shell shape, which is adapted to the central convex curvature of the membrane inside. The cover of the upper housing part has on its side facing the membrane a concave kugelschaienför-

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mige recess which is adapted to the central convex curvature of the membrane inside '. The concave recess of the pressure piece or the housing cover is larger than the convex central part of the membrane inside.

When using the membrane as a component of a Schrägsitzventils the area of the apex line of the outer convex curved annulus of the membrane outside the sealing surface. In the area of the vertex of the outer convexly curved annulus of the membrane outside a circumferential projection is present.

When the membrane is used as a component of a straight seat valve, two opposite side surfaces of the membrane outside are the sealing surface and seal off in an elliptical cutout. ,

As _a part of a check valve, the membrane has in its outer side wall a breakthrough or more openings.

In a housing with a butterfly valve, the membrane is fixed with its clamping edge directed inside in the middle part and with the Sinspannrand to a plate which is arranged on a rotatable shaft which extends radially through the housing and the membrane outside is in the region of the clamping edge can be brought to the annular inner wall of the housing for sealing contact. The membrane has a central, bridged by the valve disc opening.

, t. Q η

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A membrane with these features is versatile. So it can be used as a stabilizer for lifting, steaming or pressing. It is also applicable as a membrane in a variable speed drive or as a diaphragm in a shut-off valve. It can be actuated mechanically or hydraulically in a shut-off valve. Finally, it is applicable to a butterfly valve _e

Another advantage is that it is applicable to each of its sides * Thus, in one application, the central area of the membrane inside serve as a sealing surface. In another application, the membrane outside ice serve sealing surface. Finally, it is possible for a membrane as the control membrane to actuate a membrane connected thereto as a sealing membrane.

A membrane with the aforementioned features of the invention, which thus has the shape of a hemispherical shell inverted at its apex, has the further advantage that it may consist of an elastomer or plastic, ie a material with rubber-elastic or pliable properties, but also of a flexurally elastic metal alloy because it is subject to only slight changes in shape and only a verjätichsweise small stroke needs to execute, for example, in the application of a valve to allow a full or sufficient flow area.

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embodiment

The invention will be explained in more detail below.

There are in the drawings:

Pig. 1A to 10: the membrane in vertical section in

different positions,

2 shows a membrane in vertical section in another position of the application,

Pig · 3 * <3- ^e r vertical section through two membranes in a housing as lifting cushion, · ".

Pig, 4 ·: the vertical section through a membrane with housing for a linear actuator,

Pig. 5 a vertical section through a membrane as a valve in a valve housing,

Pig. 6 shows a vertical section through a further valve housing, control housing and associated membranes,

Pig. 7ϊ is a vertical section through another valve housing with membrane,

8 shows a vertical section through a valve housing in oblique seat design with membrane,

Pig. 9: a vertical section through another

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Valve housing with membrane,

10 shows a vertical section through a valve housing with membrane as a check valve,

Pig. 11: a vertical section through, a pump housing with membrane,

12 shows a vertical section through a ring with a flap with membrane,

Fig. 13: a vertical section through another ring with flap and modified membrane.

Naoh Fig. 1, the diaphragm 10 made of elastomer or plastic or a flexurally elastic metals

Figure 1A shows the upper position © * Fig, 1B, the basic position and the middle position "This G _r undstellung has the spatial shape of the preparation, and thus the vulcanization mold. Fig. 1C shows the lower position.

Figures 1 show that the membrane has an edge 12 which also forms the clamping plane 12a. The side of the membrane facing the edge 12 is referred to below as the membrane inside "11, while the side facing away from the clamping edge 12 is referred to below as the membrane outer side 13. The figures show that the membrane inside 11 has a single circumferential ring vane R originating from the clamping edge 12 outer boundary curve 14 on the outside of the membrane and the inner boundary curve 15, the wall

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Thickness of the ring vault steadily increases in the direction from the clamping edge 12 towards the center M of the membrane. Figures 1A to 10 show that the membrane is exposed during their operation only minor changes in shape, in particular rolling and rolling movements are avoided. Also, no bend takes place near the clamping edge. The figures also show that the membrane allows a relatively large stroke despite low deformation.

The figures 1 further show that the inner curves 15L and 15R of the ring arch R in the region of the center of the membrane in a reversal curve 16 and thus in the region X, the membrane is convex on its inner side. Also, the upper boundary curves 14L and 14R merge in the region of the center of the membrane in a reverse curve 17, so that the local area Y, also indicated by the diameter, is concave, while the annular region Z is convex.

In Fig. 1A, it is shown in dotted line that the upper left boundary curve 14-L and the upper right boundary curve 14-R intersect at the center of the membrane at an acute angle in the point MO. Also, Figs. 1 show that the outer boundary curves 14 and the inner boundary curves 15 of the ring arch have a spiral section shape. This results in that in the upper end position of FIG. 1A, a circular arc shape is present, wherein the rising membrane sheet in the vicinity of the Einspannrandes only slightly changes its direction. This the Idial

- 10 -

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Form of a pressurized surface corresponding shape is made possible both at a pressurization from below and from above by the slightly greater elasticity of the outer region.

The point of intersection - MG in the membrane center is at the upper position of the membrane of FIG. 1 by 2/3 higher than in the lower illustration in Fig. 1C. Thus, from the middle position 2/3 of the stroke in the upward direction and a third in the direction of downward.

The figures also show that the membrane outer side 13 has only a small concave surface with the diameter Y compared to the convex surface of the ring with the face Z * It can also be stated that more than 70%, in particular more than 90 % the membrane outer side 13 has a convex curvature _e An inverse ratio is present on the inside of the membrane. The area with the concave curve 15 is significantly larger than the area with the convex curve 16 in the central region of the membrane.

Figures 1 further show that there is no rigid central area. Previous known membranes have a pronounced dimensionally stable centerpiece, so that their central region can not participate in the change in shape enabling the membrane stroke, but the shape changes take place exclusively in the smaller annular membrane working region of the outer edge

- 11 -

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the entire circular area F1 of the membrane working area »Each change in position of the membrane thus leads to a simultaneous change in shape of the entire membrane surface. The largest hub is carried out by the membrane center MO, while the stroke continues to diminish further outwards. According to the present solution, thus a large stroke of the membrane center is achieved with a small displacement volume. This special property of the membrane according to the invention leads to its versatile use.

Fig. 2 shows that the convexly curved annulus 14 of the membrane outside a circumferential angle R1 of more than. 90 °, while the concave spherical shell-shaped portion in the middle of the membrane has a circumferential angle R2 of less than 90 °. Figures 1 and 2 further show _f that the ratio of diameter D to height H is greater than 2.5 and less than 3i5.

The membrane has an inwardly projecting flange 18, optionally with a reinforcement 19 and an outwardly projecting flange 20 of small extent. From the flange 12, the walls 14 and 15 of the ring vault begin at a steep angle.

Fig. 3 shows the arrangement of two membranes 10, the inner sides of which are opposite. Both membranes are connected by a common ring 21, wherein each diaphragm associated with pipe clamps 22 and 23 provide the necessary backup. In the space between the two membranes, a pressure medium is introduced via the connection 24.

, - 12 -

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filled. The arrangement according to FIG. 3 can serve to raise an article resting on the upper membrane 10 or damp its vibrations. The lower membrane is supported on a stool 26, which is connected via a flat bar 27 with a foundation 28.

For this purpose, the diaphragm has on its inner side in the middle below the effective range of arch vault R a cross-sectionally approximately elliptical thickening 29 whose outer edge 30 is located in the region or below the Einspannrandes 12 and circumferentially laterally into a part of The bulge R protrudes, so that there is a hindrance. The thickening 29 is provided with an inner metallic reinforcement 31, which is integral with a plunger 32. The membrane is clamped between the two housing parts 33 and 34. There are two pressure chambers 35 and 36 present, which are optionally applied to a pressure medium via associated ports 37 and 38.

Fig. 5 shows a membrane 10, in which also the outer boundary curves 14 R and 14-L in dör center MO of the membrane 10 intersect, in an obliquely arranged to Einspannrand closure piece 29 with inner reinforcement 31 · The membrane outside also has the concave curve 17. With its clamping edge 12 it is clamped between a lower housing part and an adjusting device for the valve-carrying upper housing part 40 * The housing parts are verschijnaubt each other. In the housing part 39 flows

- 13 -

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M _e dium in the given Pfeilrichtung.41. Between the outer membrane side and the inner surface 42 of the upper housing part 40, a liquid 43 is present. The upper housing part carries a hand wheel 44 with a spindle 45 which has at its front end the displacer 46, which is sealed via the seals 47 and 48 in the upper housing part. To secure a Lekagering 49 is available.

When the piston 46 is moved downwards, it exerts on the liquid 43 a pressure which is distributed over the entire surface of the membrane outer side and brings the membrane down into the closed position as soon as the pressure exerted on the liquid by the piston 43 increases is the back pressure of the medium flowing in the valve housing. As soon as the pressure of the control fluid 43 with the raising of the piston via the handwheel becomes lower than the pressure of the medium flowing in the valve housing, the membrane is automatically raised again. Since the membrane is hydraulically supported on both sides, each valve position can be easily adjusted. The membrane is applicable for pressures up to 25 bar.

The diaphragm 10 according to the illustration in FIG. 6 has, in the same way as in FIG. 2, in its center a pin 50 extending in the direction of the axis of symmetry which protrudes outwards beyond the mambranine side 11 directed towards the clamping edge 12. Instead of the pin whose area outside the membrane is provided with an external thread 51, an inner

- 14 -

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Threaded sleeve be embedded in the membrane, which may also have a thickened head 52. At the convex portion 16 of the membrane inside is a pressure piece 53, the side facing the membrane 10 54 has a concave, spherical shell-shaped Pc ^ m and the membrane is supported until the beginning of concave on this side ring area · The radius of the concave recess of the pressure piece 53 is slightly larger than the radius of the convex curvature of the central part of the diaphragm * This is done to avoid friction, because with the depression of the diaphragm, the convex curvature 'of the central portion 16 is slightly flatter. On the pressure piece of the shaft 55 of the adjustment is applied, which also consists of a membrane 10 a ,. The diaphragm 10a is clamped between the housing part and the housing 57 with the ring 58. The journal also has a pressure piece 53a which surrounds the pin 50 · The membrane outer side 13a can be controlled via a pressure medium entering through the opening 59, the membrane inner side 11 via a pressure medium entering through the opening 60.

Fig. 7 shows a valve with the housing 39 and the screwed lid 40, whose side facing the membrane in the same manner as the pressure member 53 of FIG. 6 is concave · The membrane is from the top to their control via the supply line 59 with compressed air or pressurized water is applied ·

, - 15 -

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FIG. 8 shows the membrane according to FIG. 2 in a valve housing 39 with an oblique arrangement of the valve seat 61 to the flow channel. In this embodiment, the membrane seals in the region of the apex line 62 of the outer convexly curved circular ring 14 as a sealing surface, which has a circumferential projection 63 can be provided. The membrane is actuated via a handwheel 44 with spindle 45, which has at its lower end a bore 64 ₉ in which the pin 50 aer membrane is screwed.

Fig. 9 shows a diaphragm 10, which is arranged in a valve housing 65 made of PTFE (Teflon). The block of Teflon is z. B. machined. It is surrounded by a two-piece metallic housing. The halves are connected to bolts 66 'and 67. The pressure piece 53 resting against the diaphragm also consists of two halves, which are bolted together by bolts 68 and 68a. The membrane 10 has on its inner side 13 a projection 69 with an undercut 70 so that in addition to the pin 71 which is connected to the spindle bush 72, a sufficient connection is ensured via the pressure piece 53. The adjustment of the membrane 10 via the handwheel 44th,

Fig. 10 shows the membrane 10 ^ as the check valve in a housing 39 with an oblique seat according to FIG. 8. In the side wall perforations 731 74 are present on the opposite sides. The check valve according to FIG. 10 also seals on a KMsringlinie, as has been described for Fig. 8. It has an inner reinforcement 31, which is also the vault

- 16 -

~ 16 ~

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can be adapted to the middle part, in particular then, seen in a top view, should be star-shaped.

Fig. 11 shows the membrane 10 as part of a pump. For this purpose, it is clamped in the manner shown in the preceding figures, between the lower housing 39 and the upper housing 40 at its edge. The inwardly projecting bead or flange 12 is encompassed on three sides by appropriate shaping of the De disguis housing s 40, as shown in the preceding figures. To the threaded pin 50, the fork 75 is screwed, which is provided with a bolt 76 to which the rod 77 engages, which is connected to an eccentric pin 78 of a drive 79. The inlet of the pump is indicated by arrow 80, the output by arrow 81. Between the two check valves are arranged. The membrane 10 is too high pressures, z. B. 10 bar, capable »

According to Fig. 12, the membrane according to the figures 1 is also applicable as a sealing element of a butterfly valve. Due to the eccentric mounting of the disc 82 to the axis of rotation 83 in the housing 84 have shut-off valves on the entire circumference uninterrupted sealing surface and lock in both directions of flow absolutely tight. The flap disc 82 has on its outer circumference a circumferential groove 85 into which engages the inwardly flange-like projecting clamping edge 18 of the membrane 10, wherein the outer edge 20 is the sealing surface. The center of the membrane is attached to the disc 82.

•. - 17 -

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ITach Pig. 13 is formed in valves with larger diameter, the M _e mbran 10 as an annular, because the central portion has only to perform a fastening function on the disc Happencourt 82nd In the inner region of the fiing 10a fastening bolts are anchored 50 »5 ° a, which in principle the same way, as described for Fig. 12, via nuts 86, 86a connect the seal 10a with the Elappenscheibe · The outer edge 20 of the membrane is, if in the line is no pressure, not on the sealing surface 87, but has a small distance to this. This makes the flap easy to operate. At a pressure in the line through the medium to be sealed in the direction of arrow 87 ', the outer edge zone 20 abuts against the sealing surface 87.

- 18 -

Claims (10)

27. 8. 1979 55 369 16 invention claim Membrane and its arrangement in housings, in particular of flexurally elastic material, the flange-like edge is clamped to a support, preferably between a flowed through by a medium housing part and the actuator receiving Gehäusobertei}, characterized in that a) the section adjoining the edge (12) is concave on the side facing the plane of the clamping edge (12a) "directed side (11), b) the wall thickness of the membrane (10) continuously increases in the direction from the clamping edge (12) to the middle (M), c) the membrane (10) in all positions of its movement in the region between its clamping edge (12) and the center (M) has a single, always on the same side to the plane (12a) of the Einspannrandes (12) lying circumferential annular arch (R) , Membrane according to item 1, characterized in that this is about an imaginary central axis perpendicular to the clamping edge. (12) symmetrical ring vaults (R) on the side facing the clamping edge (12) in *. 19 ^ 27 »8. 1979 369 16 2127 51st Middle region (M) of the membrane (12) in a reversal curve (16) passes, so that there is a convex curvature. 3. membrane according to item 1 and 2, characterized in that - seen in cross-section - the arcuate convex boundary curves (14-L and 14R) of the ring arch of the membrane outer side (13) · the clamping edge (12) are turned away, in the middle (MC) in the membrane (10), 4-, membrane according to point 1 to 3 »characterized in that the Binspannrand (12) facing away from membrane outer side (13) in the region of the center of the membrane of an arcuate convex arc (14-L and 14-R) in a concave arc ( 17), Diaphragm according to items 1 to 4, characterized in that the ratio of diameter (D) to height (H) is greater than 2.5 and less than 3.5. 6 _# membrane according to items 1 to 4, characterized in that - seen in cross-section - the convexly curved circular ring (Z) and the concave curved Miutige spherical shell-shaped portion (X) at the remote from the clamping edge membrane outer side (13) to each other in relation to smaller and the concave dome ring of the ring vault (R) and the convexly curved central kugeis chalenförmige section (16) facing the clamping edge - 20 - 27. 8. 1979 55 369 16 -20- 2127 Membranimienseite (11) to each other in proportion smaller to larger stand. 7 "membrane according to items 1 to 6, characterized in that on the side facing away from the clamping edge membrane (13), the surface of the convex boundary curves of the ring arch (R) more than about 70.%, preferably flour ¹ accounts for 90 % of the total surface there " Characterized in that the boundary curves of the membrane inside (15) and the membrane outer side (14) of the ring arch (R) from the outer edge (12) with a steep, more than 45 ° and in particular more than 70 ° .Abending angle, start » 9 »membrane according to items 1 to 8, characterized in that the entire, the clamping edge facing away. Membrane outside (13) is designed as a work surface (Fi) * 10 «membrane according to item 1 and one or more of the items 2 to 9, characterized in that the flange-like clamping edge (12) is retracted inward s 11th membrane according to item 10, characterized in that the flange-like clamping edge (12) additionally projects outward to a slight extent.   - 21 ' 27. 8, 1979 369 16 2127 51st 12 · membrane according to item 1 and one or more of the items 2 to 11, characterized in that at the clamping edge (12) facing membrane inside (11) in the central region between the ring arch (E) in cross-section approximately elliptical thickening (29) is present, the outer edge (30) below or in the region of the Einspannrandes (12) and extends circumferentially into a part of the curvature (R) · 13 · membrane according to item 12, characterized in that the thickening as a closure piece (31) obliquely to the clamping edge (12) of the membrane (10). is, .. ·· ". Membrane according to item 1 and one or more of items 2 to 13, which is clamped as a valve between a housing part through which the medium flows and a housing upper part receiving the valve actuation, characterized in that between the membrane (10) and the inner surface (42) of Housing upper part (40) with a pressure medium (43) filled closed space is present · 15 membrane according to item 14, characterized in that in the space between the membrane (10) and inner surface (42) of the housing upper part (40) an axially displaceable piston (46) protrudes, 16. A membrane according to item 1 to 9, characterized in that in the middle (M) of the membrane in a direction -22 - 27. 8. 1979 55 369 16 from the axis of symmetry extending pin (50) or the like holder is mounted for an adjustment that protrudes beyond the Einspannrand (12) directed membrane inner side (11) outward » Diaphragm according to items 1 to 9 clamped as a valve between a housing part through which the medium flows and an upper housing part receiving the valve actuation, characterized in that the valve actuation (44, 45) has a pressure piece (53) which is connected to the housing Diaphragm (10) adjacent side has a concave ball scarf enförmige shape (54) which is the central convex curvature (16) of the membrane inside (11) adapted. 18. membrane according to item 1 to 9, which zvaschen valve as a medium flowed through the housing part and a valve actuator receiving housing upper part is clamped, characterized in that the cover (40) of the housing upper part on its side facing the membrane (10) has a concave spherical shell-shaped Recess (54) which is the central convex curvature (16) of the membrane inside (11) adapted. 19 membrane with a valve actuation or cover of the housing upper part according to item 18 and 19, characterized in that the concave recess (54) of the pressure piece (53) or «of the housing cover (40) larger than the convex central part (16) of - 23 - .- 23 of the membrane inside (11), 27. 8. 1979 55 369 16 21 2751 20, membrane according to item 1 to 9, characterized in that when used as a component of a Schrägsitzventils the region of the apex line (62) of the outer ^ convex curved annulus (14) of the membrane outer side (13) is the sealing surface. 21 * membrane according to item 20, characterized in that in the region of the vertex of the outer convexly curved circular ring (14) of the membrane outer side (13) has a circumferential projection (63) is present · 22 membrane according to points 1 to 9, characterized in that when it is used as a component of a straight seat valve, two opposite side surfaces of the membrane outer side (13) are the sealing surface and seal in an elliptical cutout, 23ο membrane according to item 1 to 9, characterized in that the membrane as a component of a check valve in its outer side wall has an opening (73) or a plurality of openings (73; 74), 24o membrane according to items 1 to 5 and 7 optionally in a housing with a butterfly valve, characterized by; that the membrane. (10) with its to the clamping edge (12) directed inside (11) in the middle part and with the clamping edge (18) • · ~ 24 - 27. 8. 1979 55 369 16 attached to a plate (82) which is arranged on a rotatable shaft (83) which extends radially through the housing (84) and the membrane outer side (20) in the region of the Binspannrandes (12) on the annular inner wall (87) of the housing (84 ·) can be brought to the sealing contact. 25 * diaphragm with shut-off valve according to item 24, characterized in that the membrane (10) hate a central, bridged by the valve disc (82) opening For this purpose, drawings