CZ9903240A3 - Use of peroxyhydrates of alkali carbonates in fish breeding - Google Patents

Abstract

Use of alkali carbonate peroxyhydrates for water treatment a sediments and the control of pathogenic germs in waters, especially in facilities with fresh and sea water natural waters, breeding stations including fish breeding stock, in aquariums, open waters, for example in cages, as in salmon farming, in fishing engineering circulation devices and the like, wherein the amount of the alkali carbonate peroxyhydrate is 5 g to 100 g, based on per 1 m3 of water

Description

Technical field.

The present invention relates to the use of alkali carbonate peroxohydrates for the treatment of water and sediments as well as in fish farming.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Fish farming is burdened with typical problems. Fluctuating amounts of oxygen caused by high stocking density and / or mass development of algae lead to serious problems of living organisms in the water.

Fish farming, whether kept in ponds, in large tanks or in aquariums, often causes diseases that are caused by pathogenic germs. Such diseases include, for example, Ichthyophtyrius multifiliis (meal), amoebae and the like.

The possibility of fighting diseases is the use of malachite green. Malachite greenery is ecologically harmful. Chloramine T, another compound that should not be used for ecological and especially toxicological reasons, is often used to combat fish diseases in breeding stations, especially breeding kennels.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an environmentally friendly and cost-effective means of laying

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SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the present invention to use alkali carbonate peroxyhydrates to treat water and sediments.

For the purposes of the present invention, water is to be understood to mean both freshwater and seawater, natural waters, fish breeding stations including their breeding grounds, aquariums, open water in which sea animals or fish are grown, for example, in cages, such as salmon farming , fishing technical equipment for circulation and the like. In particular, the sediments include solid particles found in the bottom waters.

It has been discovered that alkali carbonate peroxyhydrates effectively suppress pathogenic germs, i.e., they kill, thereby significantly reducing the morbidity of aquatic animals, especially fish, and in many cases even completely eliminating them. Pathogenic germs include, for example, Ichthyophtyrius multifiliis, amoebae and the like.

Furthermore, it has been found that the use of alkali carbonate peroxyhydrates leads to a spontaneous increase in the oxygen concentration in water. At the same time, the sodium carbonate present (soda) acts as a neutralizing agent for carbonic acid, which is dissolved in water, and for other acidic substances by which the carbonate is protonated. This results in a stabilizing effect on the pH value of the water.

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The increased acidity of water resulting from the oxidation of organic components with hydrogen peroxide is eliminated by carbonization.

Collectively, the use of alkali carbonate peroxyhydrates leads to a comprehensive improvement in water quality and may also affect the decrease in algal mass development. Improvement of water depth visibility was also observed.

Overall, the addition of alkaline carbonate peroxyhydrates to oxygen-poor waters increases the concentration of active oxygen and, in addition to improving the water chemistry for fish, also leads to oxidation of the substances contained in the water and killing of pathogenic germs. The tendency to increase the acidity accompanying oxidation is buffered by the directly contained carbonate. At the same time, these effects can be achieved by the process according to the invention, namely by the use of completely environmentally friendly and cost-effective substances.

Alkali carbonate peroxyhydrates are the condensation products of alkali carbonates with hydrogen peroxide of the formula

Na ₂ CO ₃ . x H ₂ 0 ₂ example 2 Na ₂ CO ₃ . 3 H ₂ 0 ₂ . They are also referred to as alkaline percarbonates and are commercially available. It is also possible to use a mixture of alkali carbonate and hydrogen peroxide from which the adduct is formed in a known manner. Sodium carbonate peroxyhydrate has proven to be particularly suitable for both cost and environmental reasons.

The compound used according to the invention can be added to the waters at relatively high concentrations, even up to < 99 β

9, but such dosing is not advantageous for cost reasons. The dosage of 5 g to 100 g, in particular 15 g to 60 g, based on 1 water, has proved to be particularly effective, in particular with regard to the cost-effectiveness ratio.

The compound used according to the invention is particularly effective at pH values of about 8.5 to 9.

If the pH is greater than about 8.5 to 9, the pH equilibrium, i.e. the buffering capacity of the water as well as the calcium content, is generally disrupted. It has been found that at high pH values, the effect of the alkali carbonate peroxyhydrates used according to the invention can be increased by the addition of a mixture of alkaline earth metal carbonates, especially lime, other alkaline earth metal salts and alkali carbonates.

Such a mixture preferably comprises (A) calcium carbonate, (B) calcium chloride and / or calcium nitrate and optionally magnesium salts, (C) sodium bicarbonate and optionally potassium bicarbonate, wherein components A and B are in a ratio of 0.01: 1 to 2: 1 and components B and C in a ratio of 1: 3 to 2: 1.

Such a composition is described in European patent application EP-A 0 737 169.

By using alkali carbonate peroxyhydrates, it is possible to destroy pathogens in the water. The effect of the composition is usually observed by the physician usually observes the effect of the composition. for a few days up to several weeks, this period generally depending on the amount of water; and

and the size of the fish stock. Use 50 g / m 2 Na 2 CO 4.

^ 2θ2 ^{at the} salmon farm resulted in the recovery of the fish stock within 14 days.

Claims (6)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Use of alkali carbonate peroxyhydrates to provide oxygen-neutralizing and germ-free water treatment in freshwater and seawater facilities, natural waters, fish breeding stations including their breeding ponds, in aquariums, open waters where marine animals or fish are grown for example, in cages, such as salmon farming, in fishing technical equipment for circulation and the like, and in these waters of sediment, where alkali carbonate peroxyhydrate is used and in an amount of 5 g to 100 g, based on 1 m of water. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that the alkali carbonate peroxyhydrate is Na 2 CO 3. χ H2O2, preferably 2 Na2CO3. 3 H2O2, or a mixture of Na2CO4 and H2O2 Use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a mixture of calcium carbonate, calcium or magnesium salts different from it and alkali metal hydrogen carbonates is additionally used. Use according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a mixture comprising (A) calcium carbonate, (B) calcium chloride and / or calcium nitrate and optionally magnesium salts, (C) sodium bicarbonate and optionally bicarbonate «· · · pl / W9f- 2uif0 • 99 * 9 • · · · · · 99 · 9 999 999 9999 99 99 9 999 999 999 999 The components A and B are in a ratio of 0.01: 1 to 2: 1 and the components B and C are in a ratio of 1: 3 to 2: 1. Use according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that pathogenic germs are destroyed in water. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the pathogenic germs are Ichthyophtyrius multifiliis, amoebae and the like.