CZ7900U1 - String of shaped, particularly circular staircase - Google Patents

Description

Stringer shaped, especially spiral, staircase

Technical field

The technical solution concerns the structural design of the stringer for shaped, especially spiral, staircases for interiors and exteriors of residential and industrial buildings and structures.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

At present, spiral and otherwise shaped staircases are formed either by folding individual segments of stairs mounted on a central column, such as in US Patent 4,850,164, or by using various shaped steps, which are formed by gluing wood veneers to a mold or laminating to spatial wood forms. It is also known to stack the staircases of a single or detachably connected staircase or in the form of a spine articulation system, where the individual elements of the modular rows slide on each other in a differently rotated position, thereby shaping the staircase. The disadvantage of this embodiment is the relatively complicated manufacture of the individual elements, and the clearance occurring between the stairs when folding the staircase, the modular series having only limited possibilities of application variability.

The stepped staircases are also formed by machine bending thick-walled metal strip materials into a predetermined spatial shape. The disadvantage of this solution is the necessity to use expensive special machinery, the acquisition of which is not effective for single-piece production and it is not possible to use it for various special shapes of strings with variable helical pitch or irregular bidirectional bends. Shaped strings can also be produced by welding segments folded to the desired shape, which is also not the most advantageous in production.

The essence of the technical solution

These drawbacks are largely eliminated by the stepped-shaped, in particular spiral, staircase, the body of which is formed of a solid profile material and is formed by at least one bearing surface and at least one shaping surface, which consists in that the bearing surface is provided with at least one bend. is guided from the starting point (V _n ) of the intersection line (p) of the plane of the support surface and the plane of the forming surface at a bending angle (a _n ), the magnitude of which is given by

cotga _n = -, dn where (v) is the determined vertical interval, (d) is the determined horizontal projection of the stringer between two starting points (V ') or the end of the stringer and the first or last starting point (V _n ), At least one bending cut is made to the edge of the shaping surface and the distance (l _n ) between the starting points (V _n ) is given by the developed shape of the stringer.

It is also the essence of the solution that in at least one bending cut a wedge-shaped cut-out is made in the shaping surface at an angle of rotation (β ") whose size is given by the relation δ

(λ = - η where (δ) is the angle of the total rotation of the stringer,

7900 Ul (n) is the number of bends during rotation.

In order to be able to vertically shape the stringer, an inclined cut is made from at least one starting point (V ") in the bearing surface and possibly in one of the shaping surfaces for vertical shaping of the stringer, with a wedge wheel at an inclined angle (φ") whose size is given by the relation

= _η = α _η + 1 - «η ·

The new design of the staircase represents a simple constructional solution, allowing the use of a compact staircase in virtually any space according to the preset spatial parameters of the staircase, including its possible division by landings or shaping on both sides. using a simple bending and welding device.

Description of the figures in the attached drawings

Specific embodiments of the invention are schematically illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein FIG. 1 is an axonometric view of a U-shaped stair, FIG. 2 is a plan view of a stair with an arched stair with three bends at angles _α and FIG. a section of the stringer between the three starting points V "with the representation of vertical shaping at an angle of inclination φ" at different adjacent horizontal diameters d _n and _i "stringer.

Examples of technical solution

The tread is formed of a longitudinal body 6 which is made of a metal profile material comprising at least one vertical support surface 11 and at least one substantially horizontal shaping surface 12, e.g., U, I, L or T profiles. By means of the surface 11 and the shaping surface 12, the starting points V n obtained from the graphical layout of the plan and the developed shape of the stringer are applied. At the starting points V _n , bending cuts 2 are guided towards the edge of the shaping surface 12 and at the support surface 16 are at a bending angle λ, the size of which is given by the relation v relative to the intersection line p of the plane of the support surface 11 and the plane of the shaping surface 12.

cotg a "= -, d" where (v) is the determined vertical interval, (d) is the determined horizontal projection of the stringer between two starting points (V _n ) or the end of the stringer and the first or last starting point (V "), bends 13 At the point of the bending cuts 2, on the shaping surface 12, according to the orientation of the bend £ 3, it is at an angle of rotation β, whose size is given by the relation βπ = -, η

where (δ) is the angle of the overall rotation of the stringer;

-2 CZ 7900 Ul

In the shape of a stringer with different adjacent horizontal projections d _n + i and _n according to Figs. 2 and 3, before the preparation of the actual bending at the angles of bending and "first, the stringer is vertically shaped at angles of inclination whose size is given by

^η t ^ n + 1 On and which are guided by slope cuts 3 from the fault starting points V „in the bearing surface 11 and possibly one of the shaping surfaces 12. After the shaping of the angles of inclination φ, the treads are welded with connecting wedges.

When making a staircase, the basic parameters of the staircase, ie the overall shape and height of the individual stairs, are first chosen from the spatial layout of the staircase. Subsequently, its plan view is graphically created, into which one or more steppings are drawn in the selected position. Then, graphically, based on the selected occurrence of the steps v and the measured horizontal projections d of the stringer segments, the stringer is developed to form the real lengths i, the stringer between the individual starting points V 'for subsequent shaping and bending angle α. length stringer.

The real lengths i, strings obtained from the graph are then applied to the intersection line p formed on most profiles by a common edge between the support surface 11 and the shaping surface 12 to obtain the actual positions of the starting points V _n . At these starting points V ', bending cuts 2 are guided towards the edge of the shaping surface 12, preferably perpendicular to the edge of the shaping surface 12. Depending on the orientation of the bend 13 of the bearing surface 11, if the bending cut 2 is supposed to be clamped, a wedge-shaped cut-out 21 is formed in the shaping surface 12 at an angle of rotation, the final, i.e. -

2

After the bending 13 has been carried out, the adjacent surfaces of the wedge-shaped recess 21 are then re-joined by welding. In the case of opening the bending cut 2 at the same angle of rotation, the missing material of the shaping surface 12 must be added to the opening point, while maintaining the strength parameters of the tread, which is preferably done by welding the wedge.

In the shape of the stringer, when its plan and unfolded section show different adjacent horizontal projections d _n -iad ", as shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, it is necessary to shape the stringer vertically below The angles of inclination Jy, which are guided by the slope cuts 3 from the fracture starting points V _n in the bearing surface 11 and possibly one of the shaping surfaces 12. The connecting wedges are then welded into the formed wedge-shaped wheelbases 31 after shaping the angles of inclination.

Industrial applicability

The strings according to the technical solution can be advantageously used for piece and series production of staircases, various shapes and parameters built into the pre-set spaces according to special wishes of customers or architects.

Claims (4)

40 PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS Staircase of a shaped, in particular spiral, staircase, the body of which is formed of a solid profile material and is formed by at least one bearing surface and at least one forming 7900 U1, characterized in that the support surface (11) is provided with at least one bend (13) which is guided from the starting point (V ') of the intersection line (p) of the plane of the support surface (11) and the forming plane the area (12) at the bending angle (α "), the size of which is given by the relation v in relation to the intersection line (p) cotg a _n = -, d "where (v) is the determined vertical interval, (d) is the determined horizontal projection of the stringer between two starting points (V") or the end of the stringer and the first or last starting point (V _n ), At least one bending cut (2) is guided to the edge of the shaping surface (12) and the distance (1 ") between the starting points (V") is given by the developed shape of the stringer. Stair according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one bending cut (2) is provided with a wedge-shaped cut-out (21) in the shaping surface (12) at an angle of rotation (β "), the size of which is given by δ βη = -, η where (δ) is the angle of the total rotation of the stringer, (n) is the number of bends during the rotation. Stringer according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that a slope (3) for vertical shaping of the stringer is guided in at least one starting point (V _n ) in the support surface (11) and optionally in one of the shaping surfaces (12). Stringer according to claim 3, characterized in that a wedge wheelbase (31) is provided in the slope section (3) at an angle of inclination (<j> ") the size of which is given by ~η ~~ CC _n + | - Ct _n .