CZ425699A3 - Apparatus of communication system with twisted pairs of conductors and process of making the same - Google Patents

Abstract

Communication system for passing information through twisted networks pairs of wires between information services and terminals devices. Information services include a telephone exchange and other services such as data network (122) and television distribution system (124). End devices contain phones • (134) and other devices such as computers (144) and TVs (154). The system contains the main information interfaces (200) associated with information services and Interconnects a network of twisted pair pairs connected with end devices and the main information interface (200). The interconnect network (250) includes numerous active telephones vapor to pass voice signals between the telephone exchange and Phones (134). The main information interface (200) includes circuits to combines in active phone pairs (a) telephone signals in the telephone frequency band, between a telephone exchange and one or more telephones and (b) high frequency signals in the high frequency band is higher than the telephone frequency a band conveying information between other information services and one or more end devices

Description

Equipment of communication system with twisted pairs of conductors and method of its realization

Technical field

The present invention relates to the communication of information, such as computer data or video signals, by unshielded twisted pair (CUTP) wires such as used for telephone communication inside a building.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Referring to Fig. 1, in a typical situation in which building 100a is connected to various external information systems, various interconnection networks may be used to communicate within the building. The information systems may include a public switched telephone network (CPSTN) 120, a television distribution system 124, and a data network 122. The building 100a may be a single family or multi-dwelling dwelling or an office building.

The public switched telephone network CPSTN1120 is connected to the building 100a by one or more cables 121 of unshielded twisted pair (UTP). 121 unshielded twisted pair cables CUTP? they contain pairs of wires, each providing an external telephone line to the building. The television distribution system 124 may be a cable or satellite television system that provides multiple channels of television signals through a broadband connection 125, typically a coaxial cable.

* * · · · · · ··· ···

A data network 122, such as the Internet, is connected to the building 100a in one of several different ways. providing high-speed connections at 1 Mbps or higher). The data network 122 may be connected by a public switched telephone network (CPSTN) 120 using either one or more cables 121 of unshielded twisted-pair conductors (CTP) to transmit data back and into building 100a. E.g. two wire pairs can transmit data in TI or Partial TI format, in which these wire pairs are used exclusively for data. Alternatively, the data network 122 may be connected to the building 100a by several cables 121 of unshielded twisted pair (CUTP) cables using a digital subscriber loop (CDSL) signaling technique that traverses data communication through the same wires in the frequency to a range different from voice telephony.

The data network 122 may also be connected to building 100a by a television distribution system 124. For example. bidirectional data communication can pass through a cable television distribution system simultaneously with television programs.

In the building 100a, the cables 121 of the unshielded twisted pair (CTP) wires terminate in a telephone interface 132 such as a main junction block. Similarly, the broadband connection 125 terminates in the television interface 152. The data network 122 is connected to the devices in the building 100a via the data interface 142. If the data network 122 is connected through a public switched telephone network (CPSTN) 120, the data interface 142 provides an interface suitable for the type of signaling used. Cnapř. TI, DSL). If the data network 122 is connected through a television distribution system 124, the data interface 142 may be a cable modem connected to a broadband connection 125 through a television interface 152.

4 · 44

Inside the building 100a typically separate networks for telephone, data and television signals are used. The telephone interconnection network 130 connects the telephones 134 to the telephone interface 132 and the public switched telephone network CPSTN1 120. If it is not in building 100a Cpn. 100 telephony switching device 130 and 121 unshielded twisted-pair cables (UTP1) a continuous electrical path from each telephone 134 to a telephone switch in the public switched telephone network (PSTN1 120). be connected to the same conductive path when they are affiliates of the same phone line.

A data interconnection network 140 connects one or more computers 144 to a data network 122 via a data interface 142. A common form of data interconnection network used in a building adheres to one of the Ethernet standards (IEEE STD 802.3, 802.121 such as lOBaseT, 10Base2, 100BaseT4 or 100VG) .

In IOBaseT, each data communication path consists of two unshielded twisted pair pairs (UTP1 connecting computer 144 to data interface 142- Communication takes place at a rate of 10 Mbps. If more than one computer 144 is connected to data interconnection network 140, The network 140 includes a network node (not shown) that is connected to the data interface 142 and to each computer 144. Each of the computers 144 includes a network interface controller (NIC) that provides a suitable electrical interface for the data interconnection network 140. According to FIG. For IEEE 802.3 standards, lOBaseT communication paths should not exceed 330 feet without an interfering network node.

Two unshielded twisted pairs of wires (UTP1 that connect two fl t · fl fl · · * fl «fl * fl fl fl TP fl TP TP TP TP TP TP

* Communicating devices consist of one unshielded twisted pair (UTP) to communicate in each direction. Two unshielded twisted pairs (UTPs) are not designed for simultaneous communication in both directions. However, there are cases where both devices accidentally transmit simultaneously.

In lOBaseT, a device should not transmit when it receives a signal from another device. Consequently, the circumstance where both parties transmit simultaneously occurs only when each party starts transmitting before receiving a signal sent from the other side. This creates a condition called a collision.

When it occurs, it breaks its time period again.

collision, the transmission of calm down is each device is asked to wait until it receives a signal. After each device can try to transmit

As a result, when a lOBaseT device transmits on its outer pair of wires, it only has to monitor the inner pair of wires to determine whether or not the other end is transmitting a collision-causing signal. The device does not need to interpret the information transmitted in the collision signal.

The signal transmitted by the device for transmitting a binary data stream has a Manchester binary data stream type encoding. Manchester data stream coding is a two-level signal having at least one transition to an input bit. For a 10 Mbps data stream, the coded data stream spectrum extends from approximately 3 MHz *

up to 15 MHz.

In 10Base2, the second 10 Mbps IEEE 802.3 standard, the data communication path consists of a single transmission line, typically a coaxial cable (eg, RG-58), connecting the • · «φ φ φ φ φ In this case, the data interconnection network 140 may be arranged in a star configuration, or may be operated in a closed orbital arrangement connecting multiple computers 144 to the data interface 142. When the 10Base2 devices apply signals to the transmission line Numerous 10Base2 devices receive signals from the same line.

In 10Base2, when two devices transmit at the same time and cause a collision, the device detects a collision by monitoring the DC level of the received signal. When one device transmits, it applies a DC offset to the transmission line. The other device can detect this offset even when transmitting.

The IEEE standard requires the same transmission levels for 10Base2 and lOBaseT, but the minimum reception level for 10Base2 is 6 dB lower than for lOBaseT.

The signal conversion circuits used in the lOBaseT and 10Base2 standards are available from many retailers. Circuits are typically called media converters. An integrated circuit media converter is available as the LXT906 IC from Level One Corp.

V 100BaseT4 _; 100 Mbps IEEE 802-3 "). is communication through four unshielded twisted pairs of CUTPj conductors. When transmitting, the device transmits 33.3 Mbps on all three of the four unshielded twisted pairs (CUTP). Upon reception, the device receives 33.3 Mbps on three of the four unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTPs) containing the unshielded twisted pair (GJTP) pairs, which it does not use for transmission. The unshielded twisted pair CUTP5, which is not used for transmission, is used to detect a collision as in the lOBaseT standard for two pairs of conductors.

Φφφ φ * • · φ φ

Each of the 33.3 Mbps data stream is block coded, resulting in a signal that has no significant energy in the voice band and extends up to approximately 25 MHz.

In 100VG, in the 100 Mbps IEEE 802-12 standard, communication is also four unshielded twisted pairs of CUTP1 wires. When transmitting data, the device transmits 25 Mbps on each of the four unshielded twisted pair pairs (UTPs. Rather than relying on a 100VG collision detection method, the network node provides the ability to transmit to one device between data transmissions. NRZnon-return-to-zero is used to transmit data that results in coded data spreading up to approximately 15 MHz.

Television Interconnection Network 150 is a coaxial network (e.g., RG-6) that connects each television 154 via a television interface 152 to a television distribution system 124.

Television Interconnection Network A broadband signal numerous tuned to the desired channeltypically provides the same to televisions 154 that are Television 154 can be connected to the Television Interconnection network 150 via a parent box (not shown). which provides tuning options. Some master cabinets also provide a means to send control information back to the television distribution system 124, for example, to order a pay-per-view movie or to provide television television interface (ITV) functionality.

The computer 146 may also be connected to the data network 122 by selecting a telephone connection using a telephone modem 147 connected to a telephone interconnection network 130. The telephone modem may use analog signaling within the voice frequency band. Analog telephone modems support relatively low data rates below 56 kbps. The computer 146 may also be connected through the interconnection network 150.

cable modem 148 with television

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Most buildings have existing telephone interconnection networks and may not have data interconnection networks or television interconnection networks. In general, the invention provides a method and apparatus for using an existing telephone interconnection network in such a building for bidirectional communication of data and television signals as well as telephone communication. reduce the cost of developing such communication capabilities inside a building. Furthermore, televisions and computers are connected to a telephone interconnection network without the need for complex interface electronics and without disturbing existing telephone services. The invention may also include new communication media converters and data network nodes having extended scope, increased security and reduced interconnection requirements. The existing telephone interconnection network can also be adapted to devices that include filters and terminators to improve the communication capability of the interconnection network.

The invention is applicable in a number of cases involving the addition of data and television communication capabilities in a multi-unit building, such as a residential building or hotel, which has an existing telephone interconnection network.

In one aspect, the invention is generally a communication system for passing twisted-pair network communication between multiple terminal devices comprising one or more telephones and multiple information services including a telephone exchange and other information services. The system includes a main information interface associated with information services and a twisted-pair interconnecting network connected to the terminal equipment and the main information interface. The interconnection network comprises numerous active telephone pairs for passing voice signals between the telephone exchange and one or more telephones. The information interface comprises circuits to be combined in active telephone pairs Ca) telephone signals in the telephone frequency band passing between the telephone exchange and one or more telephones and Cb) radio frequency signals in the radio frequency band higher than the telephone frequency band transmitting information between other information services and one or more multiple end devices.

The embodiments of the invention include one or more of the following essential features.

Other information services may include a data network, and terminal devices may include a computer. The main information interface may further comprise a data network node to pass information between the computer and the data network. Other information services may include a television distribution service.

The twisted pair interconnection network may include multiple cables connected to the main information interface and to the terminal equipment, and the cables form a branching of the paths from the main information interface to the terminal equipment and the interconnection network comprises connection points at cable branch points to reduce signal deterioration in radio frequency. band.

Terminal equipment may include a television receiver and associated remote control equipment, and the main information interface may include a video selector which is

0 0 • 0 ♦ • 0 0 0

0 0

00 connected to one of the information services, and comprising a receiver for receiving control information transmitted from the remote control device by the high-bandwidth interconnecting network and a transmitter for providing a television signal to the television receiver by the high-bandwidth interconnecting network in response to the control information . The video selector contains a channel selector to select a television broadcast. The video selector may also include a computer connected to the data network, and the control information includes information identifying the source of video information in the data network.

The communication system may include private circuits to prevent information from passing between the terminal and to prevent the information service from passing to another terminal. Private circuits may include a data network node having multiple gateways connected to the terminal devices and a gateway connected to the data network and the data network node including circuitry to prevent the transmission of data received by one gateway that is connected to the terminal to gateways connected to other terminal devices. The network node may further comprise circuitry to prevent the transmission of data addressed to the terminal when taken by the gateway connected to the data network to the gateways. other than the gate. to which the addressed end device is connected.

The system may include circuits to reduce the deterioration of signals passing through the interconnection network. The circuits may include signal amplification circuits and signal equalization circuits. The circuits may also include circuits to reduce crosstalk between conductor pairs.

The system may include a media converter, wherein the media converter is connected to the information service by a plurality of conductors and is

9 9 9

9 »connected to the interconnection network by a smaller number of conductors, and the media converter comprises circuits for receiving information from the information service by a plurality of conductors and for transmitting this information to the interconnection network by a smaller number of conductors. The media converter can convert the lOBaseT signals received by two pairs of wires into a signal transmitted by one pair of wires.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Giant. 1 shows telephones, computers and televisions connected by separate interconnection networks in a building to a telephone network, data network and television distribution system.

Giant. 2 shows telephones, computers and televisions connected by a common unshielded twisted pair cable (CUTP) network in a building to a telephone network, data network, and television distribution system.

Giant. 3 shows a network of unshielded twisted pair CUTPI conductors that includes branched connection paths and telephones, computers and televisions connected to the socket units on the connection path.

Giant. 4 shows a network of unshielded twisted pair pairs of CUTPs, which includes multiple units of interconnection networks, each of which is connected directly to the main information interface.

Giant. 5 shows a network of unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTFs) in which multiple interconnection network units are connected by an intermediate interconnection network and multiple intermediate distribution interfaces to a main information interface.

Giant. 6 shows the location of the bandwidth on the wire pairs 10

• 9 9 9 • 9 9 9 • 9 99 • 9 9 9

Giant. Figures 7a-7c depict a spectrum for three 10 Mbps signaling methods on one unshielded twisted pair of CUTP wires.

Giant. 8 discloses a voice, data, and video network node that connects telephones, computers, and televisions to external information services.

Giant. 9 shows one voice, data and video signal path to connect one unshielded twisted pair of wires.

Giant. 10 shows detailed signal paths to connect one unshielded twisted pair of conductors (CUTP).

Giant. 11 illustrates a media converter connecting two unshielded twisted pairs of wires (IOBaseT signals) to one unshielded twisted pair of wires (CUTPs).

Giant. Fig. 12 shows a media converter for converting lOBaseT signals to communicate with one active unshielded twisted pair of wires (ClITP). 13 shows an alternative media converter for converting 10OBaseT signals to communication by a single active unshielded twisted pair (CUTF).

□ br. 14 illustrates a media converter for converting 10OBaseT signals to communicate with multiple devices by a single active unshielded twisted pair (CUTP).

Figure 15 shows a media converter for converting 100VG signals to three active unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTP).

Giant. 16 shows a media converter for converting 100BaseT4 signals to three unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTPs).

• · · · φ · · φ · φ

Giant. 17 shows a security network node.

□ br. 18 shows physical layer circuits for an extended range network node.

Giant. 19 shows a simple interconnection network.

Giant. 20 shows a branch network with branches and branches.

□ br. 21a-21b show a junction point.

Giant. places. 22a - 22c states passive high frequency connecting Giant. 23a - 23 p states active high frequency connecting

places.

Giant. Figs. 24a-24d show an alternative way of connecting a voice, data, and video network node to an interconnection network. 25a-25b show a wall socket unit.

Giant. 26a-26c show an alternative wall socket unit.

□ br. 27 shows a data network node connected to a wall jack unit.

*

Giant. 28 illustrates a data network node in an intermediate distribution interface.

Giant. 29a-29b illustrate an embodiment that includes data network nodes in intermediate distribution interfaces.

* 0

0V 4

0 0 <

0 0 0 ri

9 0 4

90 00 • * · 0 · «« »0 0« 00 0 00 0 · □ br. 30a-30c illustrate an embodiment of a video selector that includes a VebTV interface.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

1. Overview (Fig. 2-5)

The systems described below generally connect multiple external information services to a variety of devices within a building through two-way transmission lines. External information services include telephone. data and television systems and equipment include telephones, computers and televisions. The communication link inside the building shares a common infrastructure concentrated in a network of unshielded twisted pair CUTPI wires of the type used for telephone communication. Although systems are described in terms of communication within a building, versions of systems can also be used to connect equipment within a range of buildings. In some versions of systems, communication between devices inside a building is also supported by adding to or instead of communicating between devices and external information services. E.g. Numerous computers in the building can communicate with each other without having to connect to an external data network.

Referring to Fig. 2, several external information services, switched telephone, are connected to building 100b

These services include a public network (CPSTN) 120, a data network 122 such as the Internet, and a television distribution system 124 such as a cable television system. These services are connected to the main information interface 200 in the building. In this case, the main information interface 200 is connected to a public switched telephone network of unshielded twisted pair pairs

CPSTN1 120 cables 121 CUTP1 and with television «« · ·

»· 9 liters» 9 9 4

The main information interface 200 is connected to the data network 122 either through a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 120 or via a television distribution system 124. This is referred to as a logical link 123.

The main information interface 200 is connected to a network 250 of unshielded twisted pair (UTP) inside building 100b. In accordance with the invention, the unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) network 250 provides a common communication link with telephones 134, computers 144 and televisions 154 that are deployed in a building.

Note that telephones may be any of a variety of devices intended to be connected to a telephone line, including telephone sets, answering devices and fax devices. Computers can be any device that has a data communication interface. In addition to desktop and portable computers, these devices may further comprise appliances or other devices capable of transmitting data. Televisions can include television sets as well as a combination of television set, wireless remote control, and parent box that can provide the user with interactive television (ITV) services. In such interactive television (ITV) services, commands from the wireless remote control pass back to the television distribution system to affect the television signal provided by the user i.

Referring to Fig. 3, the unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) network 250a (the case of the unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) network 250 in Fig. 2) shows a branched structure as • 0 • * * *

000 0 · 0 0 «0 00»

0 * 0 Β0 00 000 00 ♦ · could be found in one family's dwelling. In this example, an unshielded twisted pair cable (UTP) cable (a bundle of one or more pairs of conductors, typically one or two pairs in a dwelling) provides wired connections to the main information interface 200. To provide service in numerous wall jack units 300a to 300c. For example, the cable may be connected to the jacks in a closed circuit and may branch at one or more points along its path by forming a branched tree structure. The socket unit 300a of FIG. 3 is a socket unit that provides a closed circuit connection. Socket unit 300b is at the cable branching point. Socket units 300c are at the cable end points. Phones 134, computers 144, and televisions 154 are connected to jacks 300a to 300c.

Referring to FIG. 4, another unshielded twisted pair (UTP) network 250b is a type of interconnection network that could be found in a small dwelling with multiple units. Each unit has its own network unit 400 unshielded twisted pair (UTP). Each unit of the UTP network 400 has a structure similar to that shown in FIG. 2 with the enclosures connected in a closed circuit and branched on the cable path.

rodie onr.

Line is non-screened The twisted pair of wires (UTP) shows the type of interconnection network. which could be found in a larger building such as a hotel or apartment building. Separate units of unshielded networks 400 provide service to a separate network unit 400 (UTP) connected via interface 520. Intermediate twisted pair (UTP) units. In this case, each unshielded twisted pair of conductors with intermediate distribution

0 0 «00 00 0 0000 • 000 00 0 0 B0 * 0 0

The distribution interfaces 520 are then connected via an intermediate network 500 of unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTPs) to the main information interface 200. For example, the intermediate distribution interface 520 may be located on each floor of the building and may provide service to this floor. The intermediate distribution interface 520 provides a point at which a physical connection of a cable leading to a network unit 400 of the unshielded twisted pair of CUTPI conductors and a cable leading over the intermediate network 500 of the unshielded twisted pair of CUTPj conductors to the main information interface 200 can be made.

2. Signaling (Fig. 6-7)

A general signaling method in the unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) network 250 (FIG. 2) is to multiplex the signals in the unshielded twisted-pair cables CUTPj used for telephone communication Ctj. in active unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTF)). The signals are multiplexed in the high frequency band of frequencies higher than those used for normal telephone communication. The frequency band used for normal telephone communication extends up to approximately 3.3 kHz. The radio frequency band may extend from the telephone band to 32 MHz or higher as long as adequate signal transmission within the building is still provided. Unshielded twisted pair (CUTP) cables that are not used for telephone communication may also be used if they are available in addition to or instead of unshielded twisted pair (CUTP) cables used for telephone communication.

According to FIG. 6, the preferred location of the frequency bands used in this system on active unshielded twisted pair CUTPj conductors is as follows:

- 0-3.3 kHz: telephone band 610 used for bidirectional • · ♦ I φ φ I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I communication between phones 134 and the public switched telephone network (PSTfO 120).

The 2-2.5 MHz control band 620 used to transmit control signals from terminal equipment such as a television remote control to the main information interface 200 Cp. translator: incorrect in original

250) 3-15 MHz: data band 630 used for bidirectional communication between computers 144 and main information interface 200 ζροζη. translator: incorrect in the original 250).

17-32 MHz = television television signal, combined signal band 640 to pass modulated such as FM modulated

NTSC, the main information interface 200 (ed. Translators: _the original incorrectly 250) TVs 154th

On inactive unshielded twisted pairs of conductors (CUTPs), part of the telephone band 610 may also be used as part of the data band 630 - Particularly certain data signaling methods (e.g. 10Base2) described below. use low frequencies to detect collisions.

2.1 Data signaling Cobr. 7)

In various versions of the system, signaling in data band 630 is based on the IEEE 802.3 ‘'Ethernet' standard or the related 802.12 standard. In particular, the signaling on one unshielded twisted pair (CUTP) or two unshielded twisted pair (CUTP) is related to 10BaseT and 10Base2 standards, which provide 10 Mbps data communication between such devices as computers and data communication network nodes and routers. Signaling on more than two unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTP) is related to standards • · · · * • ··· «4 · · · · ·

5 ·· · * · «

9 9

4 9 9 9 ·

9 9 9 4

499 94 44

100BaseT4 and 100VG 100 Mbps.

2.1.1 10 Mbps with one unshielded twisted pair (tUTP)

System versions can use one of several methods of signaling 10 Mbps with a single unshielded twisted pair (CUTP). These methods include ¹

1. Normalized 10Base2 signaling.

2. Modified 10Base2 signaling to prevent telephony transmission; and

3. Modified 10Base2 signaling to prevent transmission in the telephone band, and wherein each device transmits a transmission dial tone in the data band.

According to FIG. 7a, in the first method, data is passed through a single unshielded twisted pair of conductors (CUTPs) using the signaling defined by the 10Base2 standard. According to the standard, low frequencies 710 near DC are used to detect a collision. This signaling method is useful in unshielded twisted pairs (CUTP). which are also not used for telephone communication because low frequencies 710 would interfere with telephone communication.

Referring to FIG. 7b, the modified 10Base2 signaling method avoids transmission at low frequencies. As fully explained below, it uses a collision detection method for this - ~ 4 - ---- i ----_ 4 __ Clay ** - J - - Z - -wz - / OO o * - -. X _Λ

J_ 1_J UUA.C band. pairs (ikuuUUU aiyHaí jeru in uatuvcn - even this modified signaling not using telephone can be used in active unshielded twisted conductors (CUTP).

Referring to Fig. 7c, another signaling method that can be used in active unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTPs) uses tones within data band 630 to detect a collision.

in *

4 »

4 4 • 4 ·

- »« * v · ♦ 4 · 4 · ··· · · 4 · 4 4 4 «? ·» ·· ff · *

When two devices communicate using this modified 10Base2 signaling, each device uses a tone (or other narrowband signal!) To indicate that it is transmitting. Two devices are assigned different frequencies for their tones, in this system 4.5 MHz 720a and 5.5 MHz. The device transmits on one of the two frequencies and listens on the other of the two frequencies to determine if there is a collision.

Although the 4.5 MHz and 5.5 MHz transmit tone frequencies are within the frequency range of the coded data that is transmitted by the devices, these frequencies are selected because cheap ceramic filters are available for these frequencies. These filters have bandwidths of approximately 0.3 MHz. Because this is a relatively narrow bandwidth, filtering out of this bandwidth at two tone frequencies does not significantly affect the encoded data signal.

In some versions of the system that use this modified 10Base2 signaling, two or more devices share the same transmit tone frequency. For example, many computers in the unit might use one tone frequency and the remote network node may use other frequencies.

In such systems, devices that share the same transmit tone frequency must simultaneously transmit a tone at that frequency and detect possible transmissions of the tone at the same frequency to other devices.

As an alternative to using transmit tone frequencies within data band 630, tone frequencies below 3 MHz may be selected to avoid overlap with the data band.

2.1,2 10 FIBES / with two unshielded twisted pairs of CUTP wires)

Data communication via two unshielded twisted pair pairs • flflflfl flflflfl flflflfl (UTP) uses standardized lOBaseT signaling. According to the lOBaseT standard, collision detection is performed without using any low frequency signals, so data communication on each of the two unshielded twisted pair (UTP) lines does not disturb the telephone voice band on either of the two unshielded twisted pair (UTP) lines.

2.1.3. 100 Mbps with three or more unshielded twisted pair pairs (UTPs)

For both 100BaseT4 and 100VG signaling standards, four unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) cables are required to communicate two devices. Unfortunately, multiple-unit building interconnections rarely contain more than three unshielded twisted pair pairs (UTPs) that reach each unit, and some structures contain only two unshielded twisted pair pairs (UTPs). According to the invention, system versions use one of two 100Mbps signaling methods that use less than four unshielded twisted pair pairs (UTPs).

In 100BaseT4 systems, in which two devices (ie a computer and a network node) communicate, only three unshielded twisted pair pairs (UTPs) are used at any time to transmit data from one device to another and use different subgroups of three unshielded twisted pair When transmitting, the device listens on the fourth unshielded twisted pair (UTP) to detect a collision.

In the first 100 Mbps signaling method, only three unshielded twisted pair pairs (UTPs) are used for data transmission and also for collision detection. When transmitting, the device transmits data on three unshielded twisted pair pairs (UTPs) in data band 630 according to the signaling method used in 100BaseT4.

• • φ φ · · φ • • • • • • • • • φ φ · · • • · φ

The device also uses a DC offset on one of the three unshielded twisted pair (CUTP) wires and determines whether another device also uses a DC offset on the same unshielded twisted pair (CUTP). The other two unshielded twisted pair pairs (UTP) may use the telephone band for telephone transmission because the 100BaseT4 data signaling on each unshielded twisted pair pair (CUTP) does not disturb the telephone band.

An alternative to using DC offset to detect a collision uses a transmit tone method similar to the method used in one of the modified 10Base2 signaling methods described above.

The second method of signaling 100 Mbps is based on the 100VG (IEEE 802.12) standard. In 100VG systems, four differential signals are transmitted to the four unshielded twisted pairs of conductors (CUTP). In our second 100 Mbps method, only three unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) pairs are used.

Four differential signals are coded using a combination of differential and common signals on three unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTPs). - In one case of this signaling method, one differential signal is transmitted as the difference of common signals on two unshielded twisted pair pairs (UTPs). The remaining three differential signals are transmitted unmodified as differential signals on three unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTP). Note that in principle up to five different signals can be transmitted on six conductors forming three unshielded twisted pair pairs (UTPs) and that only four signals are needed. According to the 100VG standard, the telephone band is not used and therefore the three unshielded twisted pairs of conductors (CUTP) used for this 100 Mbps signaling can also be used as an active telephone line.

• · · 4 4 4 « in « • 444 «· 4 • 4 4 4 « • 4 4 4 4 4> 4 ·· 44 «4 444 44

2-1-4 10 ttb / s with many unshielded twisted pairs of wires

CUTP i

The general method of splitting the data stream for transmission by numerous unshielded twisted pair pairs of conductors (CUTP) can also be used to transmit a 10 Mbps signal over a long distance. The method generally comprises splitting a normal 10 Mbps stream to N parallel streams. communication path containing Ν + 1 unshielded twisted pairs (CUTP). N of these unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTPs) is used to transmit a split data stream. Due to the lower data rate, a lower frequency range is required for transmission, thereby increasing the range and power of signaling. During transmission, the CN + first) unshielded twisted pair (CUTP) wire is monitored for collisions. E.g. when using five unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTP), 10 Mbps data flow is demultiplexed 1: 4 to four 2.5 Mbps and is transmitted by four separate unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTP) using a Manchester encoding program similar to that used in lOBaseT or 10Base2. Due to the reduced data rate, the spectrum expands, in this demultiplexing method 1 = 4, to approximately 3.75 MHz.

2.2 Television signaling

Again, in FIG. 6, signaling in the television band 640 uses the FM modulation method of the NTSC combined signal. The combined NTSC signal contains a video signal with a spectrum of up to approximately 4.5 MHz as well as a modulated audio signal near 4.75 MHz. The combined signal is an FM modulated spread of the resulting spectrum in the range of approximately 17 MHz to 32 MHz. The lower end of this 17 MHz range is selected to provide sufficient separation from the data band that extends over the «bandwidth» of the bandwidth. Up to approximately 15 MHz. The upper end of this range, 32 MHz, is chosen to bypass US FCC rules. Alternative television signaling may also be used. In particular, digitally coded television signals can be used. E.g. using Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (CQAM), the encoded digital television signal can occupy the 1 MHz to 3 MHz frequency band. Therefore, as an alternative to using the television band at higher frequencies than the data band, the digital television band may be at the frequencies between the telephone band and the data band, while not interfering with any of the other bands.

Cobr signal distribution. 8 - 10)

According to a preferred embodiment of the system, the telephone, data and video signals are frequency multiplexed using the signaling methods described above. The multiplexed signals are distributed from the main information interface 200 by an interconnecting network 250 of unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTPs) (FIG. 2).

3.1 Single-wire distribution

Referring to FIG. 8, a preferred embodiment of a single unshielded twisted pair system (CUTP) system uses multiplexed signals to distribute. The main information interface 200 includes a voice, data, and video network node 800 that connects telephone, data, and video services to a network of 250 unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTPs). The network node 800 is coupled to a network of 250 unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTP) by a connection block 805. In a network of 250 unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTP), the socket units provide 300 points. ve

• * · «· * ·· • «· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · • I «·· ·· ·· which are trailing equipment connected to network 250 unshielded twisted pairs of conductors CUTP). Koncová equipment,

including telephones 134, computers 144. televisions 154, as well as remote controls 834. are connected to socket units 300 via wall adapters 830 and master cabinets 832. Network node 800. wall adapters 830 and master cabinets 832 work together to perform media conversion and frequency multiplex and demultiplex functions to provide communication services to terminal equipment.

The voice, data, and video network node 800 has three connections to external telephone, data, and television services. The voice, data, and video network node 800 is connected to cables 121 of unshielded twisted pair (CUTP) wires that provide telephone services from the public switched telephone network (CPSTN) 1.20. The voice, data, and video network node 800 is also connected to data network node 815 and video source 820. Data network node 815 allows computers 144 to communicate over data network 122. In some versions of the system, data network node 815 allows computers 144 to communicate with each other. As a security precaution, the data network node 815 prevents data communication between computers 144. Video source 820 receives control information that is generated by remote controls 834 and provides television signals that are displayed on respective televisions 154. In this version of the system, computers 144 and data network node 815 standardized data interfaces (IOBaseT) Data communication within a network of 250 unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTP) also uses a single active unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTP) to communicate with each computer.

Referring to FIG. 9, the voice, data, and video network node 800

- vvw VW v V «» »* · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 9 · 999 99 99 contains separate transducers 900. one transducer for each active telephone line of an unshielded twisted pair (CUTP) 810- In this version of the system, the transducer 900 communicates with a particular wall adapter 830. converter 900 is coupled to a wall adapter 830 and is coupled to one unshielded twisted pair of CUTPs 121 providing telephone communication with a public switched telephone network (CPSTN) 120. converter 900 is coupled to a pair of unshielded twisted pair pairs of wires, a pair of CUTP180 wires and a transmit unshielded twisted pair of CUTP1804 wires that provide lOBaseT communication with the lOBaseT data network node 815. The converter 900 is coupled to an unshielded twisted pair of CUTPs 806 to receive video signals from the video source 820 and provides control signals to the video source.

Still according to FIG. 9, video source 820 comprises video converters 920 each connected by an unshielded twisted pair of CUTPs 806 to a corresponding converter 900. The signals pass through the unshielded twisted pair of CUTPs 806 in both directions. Each video converter 920 receives control information from the corresponding converter 900 and provides control information to the video dialer 930, which in turn can provide a television signal to the video converter.

Referring to FIG. 10, the path for one or more of the paths can be closely monitored

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The 25U unshielded twisted-pair (CUTP) wires from converter 900 through the wall adapter 830 and the parent box 832. The telephone signals in the telephone band pass from the public switched telephone network (PSTN) 120 through the unshielded twisted pair (CUTP) wires 121 to the converter 900. low pass filter (CLPF) 1020, which passes through the telephone band. The telephone signal, which is passed through the low pass filter (CLPF) 1020, continues through a network of 250 unshielded twisted pairs of conductors (CUTP) and eventually reaches the wall adapter 830. In the wall adapter 830 passes the low pass signal (CLPF) 1040 which transmits the telephone signal to the telephone 134.

The low pass filter (CLPF) 1020 also transmits direct current. Public Switched Telephone Network (CPSTN) 120 provides DC power over unshielded twisted pair (CUTP)

121 and therefore the mine pass CLPF) 1020 passes LenLu power to an unshielded twisted pair of CUTP (810) wires. The low pass filter (CLPF) 1054 transmits very low frequencies to restore DC power to power the wall adapter 830 and superstructure 832Signals from phone 134 go to a public switched telephone 10, the computer 144 is connected to the wall adapter 830 by two unshielded twisted pairs of conductors (CUTP).

1082 and 1084 according to the IOBaseT standard. In the wall adapter 830, the media converter 1044 converts this communication by two unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTP) to a single unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTP). In this illustrative embodiment of the system, the single unshielded twisted pair (CUTP) data communication uses transmission dial tones within the data band to detect the collision.

The data signal passes from the media converter 1044 to the band-pass filter (CBPF)

1042. The bandpass filter (CBPF) 1042 passes the data band and aligns the signal coupled to the unshielded twisted pair of conductors (CUTP) 810. Inside the wall adapter 830, the data signal is blocked by the low pass filter (CLPF) 1040.

• • * 4 9 9 * • 9 4 * · 9 9 9 »· 9« 999 • 9 999 99 99 bandpass filter (CBPF) 1046. highpass filter (highpass f liter) 1048 Cp. 1040) and the low pass filter (CLPF) 1054.

The data signal passes through the unshielded twisted pair (DTP) 810 to the converter 900. At the converter 900, the data signal passes through the CBPF 1010 bandpass filter to the media converter 1012. The media converter 1012 converts the data signal to a lOBaseT signal and feeds it to the unshielded twisted pair. 804. The lOBaseT signal is received and processed by the data network node 815. In the low-pass converter 900, the 1020 CLPF 1020 prevents the data signal in the data band from passing through the unshielded twisted pair CUTP) 121 to the public switched telephone network (CPSTN). the signal to the computer 144 by first transmitting the lOBaseT signal to the media converter 1012 by the unshielded twisted pair (CUTP) 802. When the media converter 1012 converts the lOBaseT signal to a data signal for signaling by one unshielded twisted pair (CUTP), The signal is sent in the opposite way via the CBPF 1010 unshielded twisted pair CUTP1080 through the CBPF 1042 to the media converter 1044 where it is converted back to a 10OBaseT signal and passed through the unshielded twisted pair CUTP1082 to the computer 144.

According to FIG. 10, the television and control signals pass between the remote control 834 and the television 154 and the video converter 920 The user (The viewer) uses the remote control 834 to transmit the control signal, for example by selecting a particular television program. The remote control 834 transmits an infrared CIR (infra-red) signal 1090 to the master box 832. In the master box 832 it receives an infrared »» »* vw • 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 The 9962 (IR) receiver 1062 infrared (IR) signal and converts it by encoding the control information into an electrical signal. This signal is coupled to a control modulator 1060 which modulates the control signal so that its spectrum is within the control frequency band. This control signal passes to the wall adapter 830 by an unshielded twisted pair (UTP) 1086. In the wall adapter 830, the modulated control signal passes through a band pass filter (BPF) 1046 that passes the control band. The modulated control signal passes through the unshielded twisted pair (UTP) 810 to the converter 900. The control signal is blocked by the low pass filter (LPF) 1020 and the matching bandpass filter (BPF) 1010. The control signal passes through the unshielded twisted pair (UTP) 806 to the video converter 920. where it passes the bandpass filter (BPF) 1030, which passes the control band to the control demodulator 1036, which restores the control signal generated by the infrared (IR) receiver 1062. The restored control signal passes to the video dialer 930 (FIG. 9).

In response to a control signal received via the video converter 920 from the remote control 834, the video selector 930 transmits the video signal to the video converter 920. The video selector 930 includes a set of channel selectors (not shown) which select a particular broadband connection 125 from the television distribution Networks 124.

Still according to Fig. 10, the video converter 920 receives a television signal from the video selector 930 - This signal is in a combined NTSC format. In the video converter 920, the video modulator 1034 Cp. In the original, 1347 incorrectly modulates the NTSC combined signal so that the resulting signal is in the television band. This frequency modulated (FM) signal passes through the high pass filter (HPF) 1032 tn. 1327. which passes the TV band and aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa to a converter 900. The signal then passes through the unshielded twisted pair of cables (UTP) 810 to wall adapter 830.

In the wall adapter 830, a frequency modulated (FM) television signal passes through the high pass filter (HPF) 1048 and is amplified by amplifier 1050.

The wall adapter 830 provides power to the superstructure 832 by connecting the DC power obtained from the unshielded twisted pair (UTP) 810 through the low pass filter (LPF) 1054 to the video connection between the wall adapter 830 and the super box 832 which blocks DC current. The High Pass Filter (HPF) 1052 is coupled to the Low Pass Filter (LPF) 1054 and passes through the unshielded twisted pair (UTP) 1088 to the master box 832.

The parent box 832 receives a combined frequency modulated (FM) television signal and DC power through the unshielded twisted pair (UTP) 1088. In the parent box 832, the frequency modulated (FM) television passes the high pass (HPF) 1064 signal that blocks the DC current. The frequency modulated (FM) signal is fed to the video demodulator 1066, which recovers the combined NTSC signal. The combined NTSC signal is then amplitude modulated (CAM) in the NTSC modulator 1068 to a normalized TV frequency and is provided to a television 154 which internally restores the NTSCT video and audio components in its receiving portion. UTP) 1088 over low pass filter (LPF) 1072 to provide power input * ** ··· «· # · ·· ·· *« * »« ·· active components in the parent cabinet.

3.2 Data distribution by numerous pairs of conductors

Another preferred embodiment of the system uses multiple unshielded twisted pair pairs (UTPs) to distribute the multiplexed signals. The configuration is similar to that shown in Figures 8-10.

Referring to FIG. 11, two unshielded twisted pair pairs of CUTPs 810 connect the converter 900a and the wall adapter 830a. The converter 900a is similar to the converter 900 in Fig. 10 except that. that the media converter 1012a transmits data through two unshielded twisted pair pairs of conductors (CUTPs), e.g., using normalized 10OBaseT signaling. while in Fig. 10, the media converter 1012 transmits data through one unshielded twisted pair <UTP>.

In the converter 900a, the media converter 1012a is connected to the data network node 815 by unshielded twisted pair pairs <UTP> 802 and 804. The media converter 1012a is connected to two unshielded twisted pair pairs CUTP) 810 via separate The two unshielded twisted pair pairs (UTPs) 810 are connected to the public switched telephone network (CPSTN) 120 via the corresponding low pass filters (LPF) 1020.

The wall adapter 830a is connected to both unshielded twisted pair CUTPI 810. Each unshielded twisted pair CUTPj 810 can be connected to a separate telephone 134 via the low pass filter 1040. Both unshielded twisted pair. CUTP)

810 are connected to the media converter 1044a via two bandpass filters (CBPF) 1042. The media converter 1044a · 0 0 0 • 000 0 «0 · · ·

0 · 0 9 · · · t · 0 · 0 ·

0 · 0 · communicates with the media converter 1012a and passes the lOBaseT signals back and forth to the computer 144.

If normalized IOBaseT signaling is used, the media converter 1044a may be particularly simple - the media converter 1044a simply transmits signals directly between the CBPF bandpass 1042 and the computer 144 without any processing. In this case, the bandpass filter (CBPF) 1042 may be located in the wall socket unit and the computer 144 is then connected directly to the wall socket unit by two unshielded twisted pair cables (CUTPs). If the socket unit has an RJ-45 socket unit connected to the lOBaseT standard, the computer 144 is connected to the socket unit exactly as if it were connected directly to the lOBaseT network node.

Still referring to FIG. 11, the superstructure box 832 connects the wall adapter 830a in a manner similar to the wall adapter 830 in FIG. 10. The wall adapter 830a Cpozz ?. 830) connects the parent box to only one of the two unshielded twisted pair (CUTP) 810s because video signals and control signals are multiplexed on a single unshielded twisted pair (CUTP). The video signals are passed through one of two unshielded twisted pair pairs of CUTP (810) high-pass CHPF (1048), amplifier (1050), and high-pass CHPF (1052) to master box 832. Control signals pass from master box 832 by bandpass (CBPF) 1046 to same unshielded twisted pair. ) 810.

Other arrangements of numerous unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTPs) follow the same method. E.g. in the way of data signaling by three unshielded twisted pairs of conductors (CUTP), which provides data communication 100 Mbps

144, the computer is connected in a wall adapter to the media converter by four unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTP) using 100BaseT4 or 100VG signaling. The media converter converts this signaling to a signaling format with three unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTP). These three signals are connected by three unshielded twisted pairs of CUTP 1810 conductors to the corresponding media converter, which is connected to a network node of 100 Mbps 4 Minor conversion (Fig. 12-16)

Referring to FIG. 10, the media converters 1012 and 1044 convert the IOBaseT signals of two unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTPs) into a single unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTPs) over a network of 250 unshielded twisted pairs (CUTPs). Different types of media converters can be used in different versions of systems.

4-1 Conversion of IOBaseT to, the only active unshielded twisted pair (CUTP)

Referring to Fig. 12, the media converter 1012a connects the normalized IOBaseT transmit unshielded twisted pair CUTP1804 and the receiving unshielded twisted pair CUTP1802 with the unshielded twisted pair CUTP1808 that uses the modified 10Base2 signaling shown in Fig. 7c. The media converter 1012a internally uses a standardized media converter 1220 10BaseT-10Base2, such as an integrated circuit part number LXT906 manufactured by Level Corporation, as well as associated circuits to interface with an unshielded twisted pair (CUTP) 1280 wire.

1220 10BaseT-10Base2 Media Converter Receives IOBaseT Signals via Unshielded Twisted Pair (CUTP) Wire 802 • 99 * · 9 9 9 9 9 99 9

9 * 99 9999 • 99 99 99 999 9

7. a data network node 815 that supports lOBaseT communication and provides lOBaseT signals over an unshielded twisted pair of CUTPj 802 conductors to the data network node.

The media converter 1012a provides signals to the unshielded twisted pair (IJTP) 1280 as follows.

The 1020 laseBaseT-10Base2 media converter receives a signal through an unshielded twisted pair (UTP) 802, which then passes a compliant 1230 10Base2 signal, by coding the same data stream, to the detent 1232. The detent 1232 is a ceramic detent that blocks MHz. which has a center at 4.5 MHz. The remaining energy in the passage band 1232 continues to the amplifier 1266.

The 10Base2 signal 1230 is also passed to the transmission notifier 1234. The transmission notifier 1234 monitors the signal 1230 10Base2. If the transmission notifier 1234 detects transmission from the 10BaseT-10Base2 media converter 1220. creates a generator 1238 that contains a crystal oscillator of 4.5 MHz harmonic. The 4.5 MHz harmonic from generator 1238 passes through CBPF1 1236 bandpass filter 1236. a ceramic filter that limits its output energy to a bandwidth of 0.3 MHz around 4.5 MHz. The 1236 Bandpass Filter (BPF) output 1236 passes to the amplifier 1266, where it adds to the output of the containment 1232 and is amplified .

If not transmitted, amplifier 1266 has a very large output impedance so as not to load unshielded twisted pair (UTP) 1280.

a »* * · ·» »» ΦΦΦ ΦΦΦ

Φ · ·· ΦΦ Φ Φ Φ · ΦΦΦΦ ΒΦΦΦΦΦ «

Φ ΦΦ ΦΦ Φ Φ ·

When transmitted, the amplifier 1266 connects its amplified output to the routing coupler 1260. The routing coupler 1260 suppresses the transmission of signals from the amplifier 1266 back to the media converter 1220 10BaseT-10Base2 via the amplifier / equalizer 1262. 1260 1160) the amplified signal of the CUTP 1280 wires is transmitted to the unshielded twisted pair (incorrectly 1180).

Note that the signal passing through the unshielded twisted pair of CUTP 1280 wires always contains a needle pulse of energy centered at 4.5 MHz. This harmonic is used by a corresponding media converter (e.g., 1044 in Fig. 10), also coupled to an unshielded twisted pair of CUTPs 1280 to detect when the media converter 1012a is transmitting.

The media converter 1012a transmits the signals from the unshielded twisted pair of CUTP 1280 wires to the unshielded twisted pair of COBP 804 wires as follows.

The signals from the unshielded twisted pair of CUTPs 1280 pass through the routing coupler 1260 to the amplifier / equalizer 1262. The amplifier / equalizer 1262 has a high input impedance so as to detect signals flowing through the unshielded twisted pair of CUTPs 1280 without loading the pair of wires.

The amplifier / equalizer 1262 tilts the spectrum of the received signal to flatten the spectrum. This process is commonly referred to as balancing. The amplifier / equalizer 1262 will also increase the signal energy to the level expected by the 1020 IOBaseT-10Base2 media converter.

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The signal from amplifier / equalizer 1262 passes through detent 1240, a ceramic filter that blocks energy in the 0.3 MHz band centered around 5.5 MHz. The detent 1240, therefore, blocks the harmonic transmission announcement at 5.5 MHz that has been connected by the transmission media converter.

The signal from amplifier / equalizer 1262 also passes to the transmission detector 1250. In the transmission detector 1250, the ceramic bandwidth plurality (BPF) 1252 blocks energy outside the 0.3 MHz band centered at 5.5 MHz. The transmission notification signal from the transmission media converter passes to a detector 1254 which detects the signal.

After a short transient period, the detector 1254 detects that a transmission notification signal is present and attaches a signal the signal has been received at the collision detection gate of the media converter 1220 10OBaseT-10Base2.

If the 1020 IOBaseT-10Base2 media converter 1220 receives the signal the signal was received at the same time as it transmits the signal 1230, determines that a collision has occurred. When the 1020BaseT-10Base2 media converter 1220 determines that a collision has occurred, it sends a suitable signal to the unshielded twisted pair (UTP) 804 IOBaseT. to indicate a 10OBaseT device connected to the media converter 1012a. that there was a collision.

The media converter 1012a is designed. to communicate with a remote companion media converter (1044 in Fig. 10) connected at a different point on the same transmission line to which an unshielded twisted pair (UTP) 1280 wire is connected. The remote companion converter uses opposite frequencies to detect and report transmission. Particularly in the remote auxiliary converter 1240 restraint and bandpass filter • * · * ·

0 ··· • 0 «» 00 00 00 00 00 00 RP 00 <RPF) 1252 are not. 1 cidones πη 4,5 MHz ri záófŽ 1232, bandpass filter CBPF) 1236 and generator 1238 are tuned to 5,5 MHz4.2 Alternative conversion of lOBaseT to single active unshielded twisted pair (CUTP) Cobr. 13)

Referring to FIG. 13, the media converter 1012b is an alternative to the media converter 1012a (FIG. 12). The media converter 1012b connects the normalized 10OBaseT transmit unshielded twisted pair of CUTPs 804 and the receive unshielded twisted pair of CUTPs 802 to the unshielded twisted pair of CUTPs 1280 using the modified 10OBaseT signaling shown in Fig. 7b.

The media converter 1012b functions as follows.

The input signals come from the unshielded twisted pair of conductors 1280 by the routing coupler 1260 to the amplifier / equalizer 1262. The amplifier / equalizer 1262 adjusts the signal energy level and aligns the signal across the data band. The resulting signal passes to the media gateway of the 1220 10BaseT-10Base2 media converter.

The signals output from the 1020 IOBaseT-10Base2 Media Transmitter Gateway 1220 pass through the amplifier 1266. The amplifier 1266 increases the signal energy before connecting it to the hybrid 1320. The signal passes through the hydride 1320 to the routing junction unit 1260 and then to the unshielded twisted pair.

Routing interface unit 1260 attenuates signals from hybrid 1320 that may pass through

4

4

4

4 4

However, some power may escape through the amplifier / equalizer 1262 and reach the receiving gate of the 1020BaseT-10Base2 media converter 1220. However, when transmitting the 1020BaseT-10Base2 media converter, it ignores the signals at its receiving gateway. As a result, the transmission will not be misinterpreted as incoming data.

When transmitting, the 1020BaseT-10Base2 1220 media converter must pay attention to the signals coming to its collision gate. The key to the collision detection mechanism is the 1320 hybrid, a three-gate transformer. The signals flow freely through the 1320 hybrid between amplifier 1266 and routing interface unit 1260.

Hybrid 1320 passes only a narrow band of signal frequencies inputted from routing coupler 1260 to transmission detector 1350. Hybrid 1320 attenuates the signals input from amplifier 1266.

The narrow band is selected because if the bandwidth increases while maintaining sharp routing, the cost of the 1320 hybrid will increase significantly. In this version of the system, the routing band extends between 5 MHz and 6 MHz. This narrow band is located at the lower end of the data band because the energy of crosstalk from adjacent wires decreases with decreasing frequencies. Reducing crosstalk is important because the task of the hybrid is to pass only the energy transmitted from the transducer at the opposite end of the transmission line and block any energy coming from the transmission gate of the 1220 lOBaseT-10Base2 media transducer.

The transmission detector 1350 therefore receives signals from the hybrid 1320 in the 5-6 MHz band. The received signals are either data signals sent from another media converter or data signals that are flflflfl fl flflflfl fl flflflfl fl flflflfl flflflfl flflflfl The transmission detector 1350 measures the energy in the received signal and can detect the presence of the data signal in a few data bits.

The transmission detector 1350 also receives output from the transmission gateway of the 10BaseT-10Base2 media converter 1220. The transfer detector 1350 measures the energy in this signal to determine that the 1020BaseT-10Base2 media converter 1220 transmits the signal.

Whenever the transfer detector 1350 detects both the transmission from the 1020BaseT-10Base2 media converter 1220 and the transmission from the remote companion converter on the opposite side, it signals the collision gate of the 1020aseB-10Base2 media converter that a collision has occurred.

4.3 Converting lOBaseT to Single Active Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTF) for Numerous Devices (Figure 14)

According to FIG., A media converter with transmission by a transmission device having a frequency transmission is a media converter of converter 1012a shown on 1012c having the additional capability of another media converter of tone frequency. This can, for example, share the same and data network node, tone frequency i in the unit.

1012c very similar to Fig. 12. Media collision detection, which has the same allows multiple transmission tone to have a second

The media converter 1012c differs in one respect from the media converter 1012a. Media converter 1012c includes a transmission detector 1450 that processes signals at both transmission tone frequencies. Bandpass 1252 transmits 5.5 MHz tones to detector 1454, while bandpass 1456 transmits 4.5 MHz tones; * Media Converter Tone 1012c. * * * * * * * * * * * The detector 1454 also receives the output from the transmission notifier 1234.

When the media converter 1012c transmits the signal to the unshielded twisted pair of CUTPs 1280, the transmission tone passes

4.5 MHz from amplifier 1266 to routing coupler 1260. Since routing coupler 1260 does not attenuate the tone completely, a 4.5 MHz attenuated tone generated by CBPFlive 1456 notifier 1234 passes to detector 1454. The 4.5 MHz tone also passes directly from the transfer detector 1234 to the detector 1454.

However, if the second station transmits at 4.5 MHz, the power level at the CBPF1156 output will increase while the output of the transmission notifier 1234 will not increase. Therefore, the detector 1454 can detect the presence of a second transmitting device and claim that a collision has occurred.

4.4 10 and 100 Mbps media conversion to three active unshielded twisted pairs (CUTP) Cobr. 15 - 16)

4.4.1 100VG media converter (fig. 15)

Giant. 15 shows a media converter 1510 used to convert four unshielded twisted pair pairs of CUTPs 1530, 1532, 1534 that are coupled to a standard 100VG device into only three unshielded twisted pair pairs of CUTPs 1540, 1542 that carry the converted data signal.

The media converter 1510 includes a transformer 1520 that connects three of the four unshielded twisted pair CUTPs 1530,

1532 100VG and two of the three unshielded twisted pair (CUTP) 1540. Unshielded twisted pair (CUTP) 1534

444 4 ·

4 4 4

4 4 4 4

4 4 4

44 passes through the media converter 1510 Cp. 1530) directly to the unshielded twisted pair of CUTP) 1542.

Transformer 1520 is called transformer 3 in - 2 out. The transformer 1520 connects the differential signals in the unshielded twisted pair of conductors 1532 to the differential components of the signals in the unshielded twisted pair of conductors 1540. The differential signal in the unshielded twisted pair of conductors (CUTP) 1530 is coupled to the unshielded twisted pair of conductors (CUTP) 1540. the signal is expressed as the difference between the two unshielded twisted pair conductors 1540, 1532, 1532 and 1534 signals do not use the telephone bandwidth for data signaling. Therefore, the converted signals in unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTPs) 1540 and 1542 also do not use the telephone bandwidth for signaling. This allows all three unshielded twisted pair pairs of conductors 1540 and 1542 to be active telephone lines without interference between telephone and data signals.

An alternative to the media converter 1510 also uses common signals to transmit data. Rather than encoding differential signals (Ct) into two common signals (C1 (t) and C2Ct) as

(ClCt) = sCt) / 2 C2Ct) = -sCt) / 2 three consensus signals may be used. The differential signal (CT) may be expressed as

(ClCt) -SCt / 6 (2Ct) = sCt / 6 (3Ct) = -sCt) / 3.

* 9

9 9 • 4 · · 999 9999 • 49 99 9 * 999 94 94

This has the advantage that the maximum amplitude of the common signals is reduced, thereby reducing the radiated energy. This allows the use of higher signal levels.

One factor to consider is that this type of common signaling requires terminating not only three unshielded twisted pair pairs of CUTPs 1540 and 1542. to avoid reflections on transmission lines, but also requires terminating the common transmission lines. To terminate the common signals, the signals can be converted back into four unshielded twisted pair (CUTP) wires and then terminate each of the four unshielded twisted pair (CUTP) wires separately.

4.4.2 100BaseT4 radio converter <fig. 16)

Referring to FIG. 16, the media converter 1600 is connected to four unshielded twisted pairs of CUTPs 1601, 1602, 1604, and 1606 that connect the media converter 1600 to the 100BaseT4 device. Three of the four unshielded twisted pair pairs 1601, 1602, 1604 are used by the 100BaseT4 device to transmit data. When transmitting the device, it detects a collision by monitoring the signal on the unshielded twisted pair of CUTPs 1606. The 100BaseT4 receives data on three unshielded twisted pair of CUTPs 1601, 1602, and 1606.

To convert signals from four 100BaseT4 unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTP) to three unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTP), all three unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTPs) 1607, 1608, and 1610 are used for bidirectional data communication in the data band. In addition, the unshielded twisted pair of conductors 1610 is used to detect a collision.

Signals received by media converter 1600 unshielded • · f

Φ Φ Φ φ φ φ φφφ φ · Φ

Β Φ φ φ

The twisted pairs of CUTPs 1601 and 1602 pass through routing couplers 1628, amplifiers 1624, routing couplers 1622, and high pass CHPFs 1620. and finally transferred to unshielded twisted pairs of conductors 1607 and 1608.

The signals received on the unshielded twisted pair pairs of CUT607 and 1608 follow the opposite path except that the signals pass through amplifiers 1626 rather than amplifiers 1624.

The signals received by the media converter 1600 on the unshielded twisted pair of CUTPs 1604 pass through the amplifier 1624, the routing coupler 1622, and the high-pass CHPF 1620, and are then transmitted to the unshielded twisted pair of the CUTPs 1610.

The data signals received on the unshielded twisted pair of CUTPs 1610 pass through the high pass filter CHPF 1620 and the routing coupler 1622 to the amplifier 1638 and are then transmitted to the IOBaseT by the unshielded twisted pair of CUTPs 1606.

When the media converter 1600 receives a signal from the 100BaseT4 device on the unshielded twisted pair of CUTPs, 1604, the transmission notifier 1634 detects the signal and connects a DC signal through the lowpass filter CLPF 1630 to the unshielded twisted pair of CUTPs 1610.

When the media converter 1600 receives a signal on the unshielded twisted pair of conductors 1607, 1608, 1610, the transmitting media converter attaches a DC signal to the unshielded twisted pair of conductors 1610. This DC signal passes through the low pass filter CLPF 1632 and is detected by the detector.

I t i * * <»* I ♦ ·« »* t 4 4« i i

1636 transmission.

When the transfer detector 1636 detects a DC offset that is not caused by the DC offset notifier 1634, it sends a signal to the amplifier 1638. This signal has data transfer characteristics. This data-like signal is sent to an unshielded twisted pair (UTP) 1606, that the connected 10BaseT4 detects a collision5. Data network nodes (Fig. 17 - 18)

Referring back to FIG. 8, when the computer 144 transmits data, the data signal passes through a network of unshielded twisted pair (UTP) networks to voice, data, and video network node 800 and then to data network node 815. Typical data network nodes transmit signals received to one gate or all gateways and often regenerate and amplify the signal. The transmitted signal is therefore available to all other computers 144 connected to the data network node 8155.1 Security Network Node (Fig. 17)

In many situations, communication is required between computers 144 and data network 122, but confidentiality is required so that computers cannot intercept communication between other computers and data network 122.

Referring to FIG. 17, the security enhanced network node 1700 includes a repeater amplifier 1710 and physical layer circuits 1720, one for each gateway 1702, 1704 of the network node 1700. Gateway 1702 constitutes the main gateway providing connection to the data network 120, The network node 1700 also includes a security node 1730 associated with each of the 1730 circuits associated with each of the circuits 1730 associated with each. circumference of 1720 physical layers.

The 1700 Enhanced Network Node works as follows.

To prevent signals transmitted by one computer 144 to other computers 144 from being intercepted when data is received by the network node, the security circuits 1730 detect whether data is received by the network node 1700 by the main gateway 1702 or one of the gateways 1704 of the station. If data is received by the station gateway, the security gateway 1730 signals the physical layer circuits 1720 of the other gateways of the station to modify external signals, e.g., by sending a predetermined bit pattern rather than receiving a bit stream. Note that sending a modified data signal to other computers will prevent a collision, since these other computers know that data is being transmitted by other computers.

If data is currently being received from the master gateway, the security circuits 1730 determine the Ethernet address (CMAC) of each data packet and then signal the physical layer circuitry 1720 of all but one of the gateways 1704 to block packet transmission. The gateway to which the addressed computer is connected transmits the packet as received by the main gateway. The signals, in turn, are blocked by the physical layer circuits by transmitting a predetermined bit pattern or other signal rather than transmitting a signal encoding a data packet.

Note that in this arrangement, the transmitted packets received from the computer 144 are sent without modification to the main gateway only. Transmitted packets received by the main gateway are provided to all gateways of the station.

9 9 9 9 9

9,999 99 ·

9 9 9 9 9

999 99 99

9 • 999

9

99 »··

5.2 Extended Network Node Range

When data network node 185 is connected to computers more than 330 feet away, normalized 10OBaseT signaling with two unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTPs) may not work due to various factors including signal attenuation. Also, when the distance is less than 330 feet, but there are more junctions on the road that attenuate the signal, this shorter but attenuated road has similar characteristics to a road that is too long.

One solution is to equip each computer 144 with a 10OBaseT adapter whose minimum reception level is set to 10Base2, 6 dB lower than the 10OBaseT standard, and to modify the physical layer circuitry in a network node in a similar manner. However, the disadvantage of this arrangement is the cost and difficulty of providing a special lOBaseT hardware in each computer. If, on the other hand, special electronics on the network node side can be reduced, the extra cost and difficulty are much more limited.

5.2.1. Transmission and reception levels

Referring to FIG. 18, each extended-layer network layer physical layer circuit 1830 uses increased transmission levels and reduced minimum reception as compared to a normalized 10OBaseT node. in the case that signals coming to the network node that have been attenuated to be 2 dB below the minimum level required by the IOBaseT standard, the minimum required level inserted by the physical layer circuit 1830 is reduced by 3 dB. In this way, these attenuated signals are received with reliability that is approximately the same as • · ·· ·

• * ··· 9

999

4 Φ · 9 9 9

9 9 9 9

99 reliability required by Ethernet standards.

Now consider the signal level that is transmitted from the physical layer circuit 1830 and received by the normalized lOBaseT adapter in the computer 144. This signal will also be 2 dB below the required minimum. because the transmission loss in the opposite direction is the same. The transmission level of the 1850 amplifier with emphasis on physical layer circuits is 3 dB above the lOBaseT standard. Therefore, the signal received by the normalized adapter will also have an excess of 1 dB.

5.2.2

Also, the signal attenuation caused by twisted-pair transmission is not uniform depending on the frequency - higher frequencies attenuate faster. As a result, there is a skew of the signal spectrum, and this skew increases as the wire length increases. As a result, the skew is likely to be much larger in transmission over 600 feet in length than in transmission over 330 feet in length.

Spectral skew can impair the ability of the electronic receiver to reliably recover data from signals on the transmission line. One solution to this problem is to adapt the spectrum in the 1855 amplifier / buffer before decoding to zero and units. This process is sometimes called balancing. An equivalent setting can be made at the transmission end in the amplifier 1850 with emphasis. In this case, the task is to amplify higher frequencies over lower frequencies, so that the frequency spectrum will be flat when it arrives at the receiving end. This is sometimes called pre-emphasis.

• · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·

5.2.3 Crosstalk

The signals received by the physical layer circuits will generally suffer from a large number of crosstalks due to the increased transmission level. If the energy transition from the transmission line to the reception line is large enough, the physical layer circuits will act as if they receive a signal each time they transmit. This would cause a collision to be declared whenever the broadcast starts, which would completely thwart the communication process.

The possibility of a bad collision puts limits on the size to which the sizes of the transmit and minimum receive levels can be set. To illustrate why this is the case, consider increasing the transmission level by 3 dB increases the crosstalk removed by the receiving portion of the physical layer circuit by 3 dB. Similarly, decreasing the minimum reception level by this amount will reduce the 3 dB level at which crosstalk energy appears as a true signal. As a result, the threat of crosstalk interference has increased by 6 dB. In other words, if the crosstalk energy in a conventional lOBaseT system was only 5 dB lower than the minimum required to generate interference, then making the 3 dB settings described above would cause many incorrect collisions.

Experiments were carried out with the above-described XL600 + product, in which signals were transmitted by one pair of wires and simultaneously received by an adjacent pair of wires. This product transmits at levels that are approximately the same as the lOBaseT transmission level, but uses minimum reception levels that are 6 dB lower. Thus, the crosstalk stimulus of the XL600 + is 6 dB greater than the stimulus encountered by a conventional Ethernet lobaseT network. However, the experiments did not show incorrect collisions. This is proof ♦ 0 • 0 · 00 0 0000 0 001 00 0 · 0 00 0 0 · 000 0000 000 0 · 00 · 00 0 «00 for it. that a 3 dB setting can be made at both the transmit level and the minimum receive level of conventional IOBaseT hardware, and incorrect collisions will not occur.

Crosstalk can also cause problems by reducing the signal-to-noise ratio (CSNR) in the receiving gateway. Consider that signals are received in the physical layer circuitry and are routed through other physical layer circuitry and transmitted out to the associated pairs. In this situation, the signals are received at one gate when they are being transmitted and with little delay to the other neighboring gate. If the twisted pairs connecting these gateways are all tied together in the same cable, the energy will pass from the three transmission pairs and be removed by the receiving gateway.

The experiments were performed with XL600 +, in which the level of the transmitted signal was left in the IOBaseT standard, the transmission was successful on an unshielded twisted pair of 730 feet long (CUTP) conductors. (Extra length was possible because the minimum acceptable receive level was reduced by 6dB). Thus, the signal-to-noise ratio (CSNR) was reduced during these experiments at the receiving gate by a particular attenuation that occurred during transmission by special wires 400 feet long. According to the standard diagrams, which show how the energy is attenuated in a twisted pair of wires, the extra attenuation in the frequency range considered is approximately 6 dB on average.

To see how this experiment relates to a typical IobaseT network node, consider the case of a conventional network node that drives signals in 530-foot wires. This distance is only 200 feet greater than the IOBaseT standard, slightly more than 400 feet than in the previous experiment. As a result, the signal-to-noise ratio (CSNR) in the network node is only 3 dB (on average) lower than when transmitting «« »» «· · 4 · * 4« ♦ * 4 • 4 * 9 9 9 9 9 9 999 99 99 99 99 99 99 If the transmission level is increased by 3 dB, then the overall deterioration of the signal-to-noise ratio CSNRj by about 6 dB is found. According to previous experiments, this size would still be sufficient for reliable communication. As a result, it is preferred to increase the signal level to 3 dB. As explained earlier, the reduction of the minimum received level should be the same.

Two additional factors reduce the effects of crosstalk. One concerns the physical proximity of unshielded twisted pairs (CIJTP) wires, which may have crosstalk. The second factor concerns the effects of signal blocking such. as used in the security network node described above.

First, in this system, the unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) cable connected to the main gate is never tied together with the cables connected to other gateways. As a result, there is no possibility of significant crosstalk regarding signals flowing to or from the main gate. The only possibility of crosstalk is between one local gateway and another local gateway.

The second factor relates to signals flowing from the gateways of the network node station. In a method similar to that described above used in a security network node, the data signal generally flows simultaneously from only one gateway of the station. In particular, if a network node receives a MAC-based data packet from the main gateway, sends the packet only to the gateway of the station, the other gateways of the station send empty packets, allowing computers connected to other gateways to know that the network node is busy. there would be a collision. Similarly, when a network node receives a data signal at a station gateway, an empty signal is retransmitted at the other gateways of the station and the data signal is retransmitted to the main gateway. ♦ ·· • 4 ·· 4 4 4 · · 4 4 4 4 4 · «4 · 4 4 4 43 4

4,444,444

444 44 44 444 44 44

The only requirement placed on these empty signals is that. that they should be sufficient to show the connected personal computers (PCs) that the transmission is in progress. These blank signals are particularly selected to minimize the effects of crosstalk.

One technique is to remove, i.e., filter out, higher blank signal frequencies and increase the frequency of the lower frequencies. This substantially reduces crosstalk because signals are more likely to transmit at higher frequencies. Eliminating high frequencies still has to leave empty packets with sufficient energy to trigger the transmission detection mechanism on the remote computer. However, it is easy to meet this criterion because low frequencies decrease less, so they contribute more energy. This improves the implementation of the detection mechanism in the adapter at the distal end of the conduit.

Now consider the case of a valid signal that is transmitted through the local gateway. In this situation, the receiving portions of the other local gateways do not need to correctly interpret the signals that are transmitted from their associated adapters at opposite ends of the line. Rather, it must only be able to detect the fact that the associated computer is transmitting. Finally, the signal detection circuit in the physical layer circuit is more sensitive to lower frequencies at which there is less crosstalk.

Interconnection networks (Fig. 19 - 28)

6.1 Branching and ending (Fig. 19 -20)

In the previous discussion on UTP 810 signaling, all devices communicated by connecting to transmission lines (ie, unshielded twisted pairs).

9 * ···· · «9 9 ·

9 9 ··

999 99 99 999 99 99 wires (UTP)). The transmission line may have points at which branches are formed. We call these points “branching. Branches in the transmission line introduce incorrect impedance matching. As a result of incorrect impedance matching, part of its energy is reflected back to the source when the signal hits the fork. This reflection may interfere with pure signal reception. Reflections may also occur at the end of the transmission line if the conductors at the end of the line are simply left unconnected. Such an unfinished end of the transmission line can in turn cause echoes due to incorrect impedance matching. Signal reflections occur to some extent at all frequencies. In this system, reflections at high bandwidth or video band frequencies are particularly important, eg due to possible data loss or deterioration of the video signal.

Several techniques are used to improve this high-frequency transmission. These techniques include;

the use of terminators at the end of the main transmission line and at the ends of the branches that transmit high-frequency signals;

use of low - pass filters to prevent transmission of high frequency to branches, and

- use of junction points in the branches to pass high frequencies into the branches while reducing the reflection at the branch point.

Referring to FIG. 19, telephone 134 and computer 144 are connected by correspondingly unshielded twisted pair (UTP) 810 to public switched telephone network (PSTN) 120 and data network node 815. Unshielded twisted pair (UTP) 810 forms an unbranched transmission line from the input The wall socket unit is located at point 1920 of the conduit. In this simple «9 9 9 ··« 999

4 * 9 99 9 9999

949 »· · 4

4,449,444

494 49 44 444 44 44 By way of example, there is only a single socket unit per lead and therefore an unshielded twisted pair of conductors (CUTP) simply passes through the socket unit to the wall adapter.

The unshielded twisted pair (CUTP) 810 consists either of a single unshielded twisted pair (CUTP) if one of the data signaling methods is used for one unshielded twisted pair (CUTP) or consists of two unshielded twisted pair (CUTP) Ctj. of four wires), if signaling is used for two unshielded twisted pairs of CUTP wires. For example, IOBaseT signaling would use two unshielded twisted pair CUTP1810 wires, while modified 10Base2 signaling would use a single unshielded twisted pair CUTP1810.

In the wall adapter 830, the low pass filter CLPF 1930 that transmits the telephone band and the high pass filter CHPF 1940 that transmits the data band are substantially connected at a single point on the transmission line. The telephone 134 is connected to the low pass filter (CLPF) 1930 and the computer 144 is connected to the high pass filter (CHPF) 1940. Other components of the wall adapter 830, such as the media adapter that connects the high pass filter (CHPF) to the computer, are not shown.

In the discussion that follows, an unshielded twisted pair of CUTP 1810 conducts no video signal. High-pass filters (CHPF) rather than bandpass filters (CBPF) are used to connect computers to the transmission line. If video signals or other high-frequency band signals were present in the transmission line, band-pass filters (CBPF) would be used as in the previous discussion.

The simple connection arrangement shown in Figure 19 is not typical of many buildings. Referring to FIG. 20, a more typical situation is the branching and branching of an unshielded twisted pair of conductors (810). The input circuit 1900 is connected to numerous telephones. 134 and computers 144. In this example, the transmission line branches at points 2032, 2034, and 2036 and ends at point 2038. This example shows several ways to deal with such branching of the interconnection network.

One way of branching is to make a simple electrical connection. At 2032, a single branch 2033 is formed on the conduit by connecting corresponding branch conductors to the main conduit conductors. At the end of the branch 2033, a computer 144 and a telephone 134 are connected to the branch by way of a low pass filter (CLPF) 1930 and a high pass filter (HPF) 1940, as shown in FIG. 19.

Because no direct action is taken at 2032 branching, the high frequency signals that reach this branch point are partially reflected back to their source. E.g. the data signal from the computer 144 reaches 2032 in the branch 2033 and will both be reflected back to the computer and will also be sent to the two second connection lines at 2032. □ the auctioned signal is attenuated and can be tolerated by the computer 144. The input circuit 1900 receives a faded signal. If measures are taken to prevent any signal directed out of the input circuit 1900 to return to the input circuit, branching 2032 does not prevent communication. A second branching of this type would lead to such reflections. Therefore, at most one branch of this type can be used.

At point 2034 a branch 2035 is connected to the main line via a low pass filter (CLPF) 2010 - High-frequency reflections are removed by placing the low pass filter (CLPF) 2010 in the branch. • flfl flfl flfl flfl flfl flfl flfl flfl fl fll fl fl fl fl fl near the branch point. If this technique is applied at all points of the branches along the transmission line, then the transmission line acts as if it has no branches at high frequencies. However, this method prevents any adapter from communicating in the high frequency bands by connecting to branches. Phone 134 is listed connected to branch 2035. Signals in the telephone voice band pass between these phones through the low pass filter (LPF) 2010 to the input circuit

1900.

At 2036, the possible problems caused by branching are due to the use of a coupling point 2040 that connects the branch 2037 and two portions of the main conduit that converge in the branching. The junction 2040 compensates for line impedance, thereby avoiding reflection of signals coming into the branch. The various types of connection sites that can be used are described below. Passive junction sites generally attenuate the signal when passing through the junction site by approximately 3 dB. Therefore, there is a limit to the number of passive junction points that can be used on the path connecting the computer and the data network node without causing too much signal attenuation.

At the end of the main line end 2038, a terminator 2044 is located downstream of the high pass filter (CHPF) 2042. This terminator aligns the impedance of the transmission line and prevents signals from bouncing back along the transmission line.

6-2 Connection points (Fig. 21 - 23)

Various types of junction points 2040 are used at the branching points, such as at 2036 branching in FIG. 20.

Referring to Fig. 21a, connection point 2040a connects its three inlet conduits 2102a-2102c via respective low pass filters (LPFs).

9 9 · 9 · 9 9 9 9 • 99 * 99 9 * 99 99 9 9 9 9 9 9999 • 99 · 9 99 999 99 99

The connection point 2040a also connects the input line at the high-frequency connection point 2110 through the high-pass filter (HPF) 2140. The high-frequency connection point 2110 aligns the line impedance and prevents signal reflections. Various types of RF connection sites may be used, as described below.

Referring to FIG. 21b, the junction 2040a may be a passive circuit. The low frequency signals pass through chokes that provide low pass filter (CLPF) 2130. The high frequency signals pass through capacitors 2132 that provide high pass filter (CHPF). A value of 0.01 pF is a good option for separating the data band from the telephone band. Resistors 2134 form a high frequency junction linking high frequency signals from three gates. Resistors 2134 have a value of 16 ohms. The resistors work together to balance the impedance of the internal and external paths. The high-frequency signals coming from any one path are clearly divided and continue out on the other two paths. Each external signal has 6 dB less energy than the signal passing towards the junction.

Referring to Fig. 22a, an alternate high-frequency junction 2101a uses routing junction units 2210. At this high-frequency junction, the high-frequency signal passes between gate 2102a and 2102b and between gate 2102a and 2102c, but does not pass between gate 2102b and 2102c. The routing coupler 22.10 compensates for line impedance and attenuates the signals passing through the coupler by approximately 3 dB.

Referring to Fig. 22b, three routing couplers 2210 may be arranged in a fully coupled configuration to couple the high frequency signals between each pair of gates.

*

0

000 0 0

0 0 · 0 00

0

0 00 0

0 · 0 0 0 0

0 0

00

This aligns the impedance and attenuates the signals through the RF connection site by approximately 6 dB.

In Figs. 21a-21b and 22a-22b, only a single unshielded twisted pair (UTP) is shown. Since the connection points consist of passive components, the signals pass in both directions. as required for data signaling by one unshielded twisted pair (UTP). When using two (or more) unshielded twisted pair pairs (UTPs) to transmit high-frequency signals in both directions, e.g. using the 100 Mbps signaling method with the three unshielded twisted pair pairs (UTPs) described above, each pair has an equivalent junction.

When two unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) wires are used for 10OBaseT signaling, each pair is used for unidirectional communication, in the data band a different arrangement is needed for certain types of junction points.

The connection point comprised of the parallel arrangement of the interface unit shown in Fig. 22a forms two unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) junction points where each branch can communicate with the main line. However, communication between each pair of gateways is required. as in the junction shown in Figure 22b for a single unshielded twisted pair (UTP) system, a different connector arrangement is required.

Referring to Fig. 22c, the high frequency junction 2110c has three gates, each with two unshielded twisted pair pairs (UTPs). At each gateway, two routing coupler units 2210 split and couple the signals to and from the other two gateways. The couplings are arranged so that the signal received on the inner

0 0 9 0 ·· 00 00 0 0 000 0 0

0 «00

000 00 00 099

9 9 0

0 0 9 • 9 9 0 9

9 9 9

90 unshielded twisted pair (CUTP) wires on one gate, it is sent to an outer unshielded twisted pair (CUTP) wires on each of the other two high frequency coupler passive 3-way network node (lOBaseT) transmitted in the data band to two unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTP).

bran. In this way, 2110c effectively forms for splitting the signals

Active connection sites may also be used. Fig. 23a shows an active RF connection point 2300 that receives two unidirectional lines at each gate. This junction would be useful, for example, in a system using lOBaseT signaling in the data band. The amplifiers 2310, 2312 are arranged to amplify the high frequency signals. These hunters? 3 3 1 1 V-UPUI 3 V ^ / Sl-tipi 1 U3pc? cSriCíž? kt-SFí? adapt to the transmission line, thus avoiding reflections. The amplifier inputs and outputs are arranged such that the signal on the inner unshielded twisted pair of CUTP wires on one of the three gates is amplified and transmitted to the outer unshielded twisted pair of CUTP wires on each of the other two gates.

Referring to Fig. 23b, when a single bidirectional transmission line is used, routing couplers 2320 are used to separate and then to combine two directions, and an active high-frequency coupler 2300 is used to amplify the signals. This arrangement is useful, for example, when one of the modified 10Base2 signaling methods is used on a single unshielded twisted pair (CUTP) conductor as described above.

6.3 Couplings

According to the invention, the devices and signal paths can be simply introduced into an existing interconnection system in a building 44-4

4 4 4 4 • 44 4444

44444 44 444 44 44 using certain types of couplings and wiring arrangements. This includes how to connect voice. data and video network nodes, as well as various types of wall socket units that include signal connection points.

6.3.1 Connection of voice, data and video network node 800 (Fig. 24)

Referring back to FIG. 8 in this version of the system, the voice, data, and video network node 800 is located in a single chassis and has five industry standard RJ-21 connectors. Each RJ-21 coupler provides up to 25 unshielded twisted pair couplings (CUTP). One RJ-21 coupler is used to connect a cable 121 of unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTP) consisting of 24 unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTP). with chassis. Two of the couplers are used to connect the 802 and 804 cables to 24 transmit and 24 receive unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTP) from data network node 815. The fifth splice connects the 806 cables with 24 unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTP) to video source 820. One coupler provides a connection to the junction block 805 connecting the network node 800 to the cables 810 with 24 unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTP) of a network of 250 unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTP).

In some applications, a point at which unshielded twisted pair pairs of conductors (CPSTN) 120 with a 25-pair RJ-21 coupler that can be coupled to voice, data, and video network node 800 converge can be found.

Although 25-pin connectors are not always present, a point at which unshielded twisted pairs of CUTP121 conductors are pierced into the splice blocks can almost always be found. In these situations, it might be easier to add the voice signal along with the other signals to those blocks

Giant. 24a-24d illustrate one technique for doing this. Coupling block 2410 is designed according to a very popular method called "66" as implemented by part no. 343569 from Siemens Corporation of Vestbury Connecticut. The model shown in Figure 24b consists of a single column of 50 rows. There are two wiring options in each board and are wired metal.

The twisted pair coupled to the public switched telephone network (CPSTN) 120 breaks through the first option for wiring in the first two rows. The twisted pair that leads to the subscriber uses two right piercing options to provide a telephone service. Since the telephone signals are provided in this manner, the gateway of the network node 800 to which the unshielded twisted pair cables (CUTPs) are normally connected 121 is left open.

A separate adapter attaches to the top of the piercing option on the right of each row. This provides a third connection option for this series. (The use of such adapters has been common practice in the telephone industry for some time.) Each pair of wires 2412 leading from the network node 800 connects to a third puncture option, adding data, video, and control signals to the conductive path.

Referring to Fig. 24a, the low pass filter (CLPF) 2420 prevents the flow of high frequency signals to the public switched telephone network (CPSTN) 120. Referring to Fig. 24b, the low pass filter (CLPF) 2420 consists of individual filters used in each conductor unshielded twisted pair.

According to Figs. 24c-24d, each low pass filter (CLPF) 2420 may be comprised of a choke 2422 of 100 μΗΗ · φφφφφφφφφφφφφφφφφ · φφ ·φφφφφ··········· enclosed in a very small plastic closure having a groove in the center into which a copper conductor 2410 of size 22 or 24 can be inserted. The closure includes contacts 2450 and 2452 and is designed according to the same principles as ScotchLock twisted pair couplings manufactured by 3M Minnesota. When the conductor is inserted, the two halves of the closure snap together. This establishes a connection between the conductor and contacts 2450 and 2452 and effectively inserts the choke in series with the conductor.

It remains to remove the short circuit around the choke created by connecting the wire to the contacts 2450 and 2452. This is done by the blade 2430 of the knife. By positioning the blade 2430, the wire is cut at the point between the two contact points and the short circuit is removed.

6.3.2 Wall socket units

Different types of wall socket units provide connection points for wall adapters and provide points at which connection networks branch out. Telephone interconnection networks typically branch out in wall-jacked units and therefore these points are accessible to introduce certain types of connection points to improve communication.

In Fig. 25a, a schematic view of the wall jack unit 2500 shows the jack unit 2532 RJ-11 to connect one or two telephones and the jack unit 2530 RJ-45 to connect a wall adapter (or directly to a computer if no wall adapter is required). The wall mount unit 2500 has a connection to two unshielded twisted pair (UTP) 2502 (four wires) that lead to the system input circuit. It also has «· · · · · · · · and 9 · · · · · · · · * · ·

I ··· »♦ · ·

999 99 99 999 99 99 connection with two unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTP) 2504. which extend the main line. All signals received from the unshielded twisted pair CUTP) 2502 pass to the unshielded twisted pair CUTP) 2504.

The wall socket unit 2500 has a third connection to four unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTP) 2506 to connect the low-pass branch (CLPF) 2520. This branch does not receive RF signals from the main line, but can be used to connect telephones to the system. Socket unit «

2532 RJ-11 is connected in parallel to unshielded twisted pair (CUTP) 2506 wires to directly connect one or two phones.

The wall-mounted socket unit 2500 has an Iednnt.kn 2530 RJ-45 socket connected to the main line via the high pass filter (CHPF) 2510. The computer connects to the 2530 RJ-45 socket unit for data communication.

If the wall socket unit 2500 is at the end of the transmission line, a terminator 2526 may be connected to the line using the hand switch 2528 in the socket unit.

Referring to FIG. 25b, the wiring diagram of the wall socket unit 2500 shows three attachment points 2503, 2505. 2507 for connecting respective unshielded twisted pair CUTPs 2502.

2504 and 2506. Notice. In FIG. 25b, each line represents a single conductor, while in FIG. 25a each line represents a pair of conductors. The high pass filter (CHPF) 2510 is composed of four capacitors and the low pass filter (CLPF) 2520 is composed of four chokes.

A second wall socket unit is shown in Fig. 26a,,,,. r.í · I ί I, I <<'' <«', ΜΓΜc I <*'« 'í ·, í,, * lift

- 26b. Note that each line in Figure 26a represents two unshielded twisted pairs of conductors (CUTP), i.e., four conductors, whereas in Figure 26b, each line represents a single conductor. Two unshielded twisted pair pairs of CUTPs 2602 provide connection to the input circuit, two unshielded twisted pair pairs of CUTPs 2604 continue to the main line, and two unshielded twisted pair pairs of CUTPs 2606 are branched.

Referring to FIG. 26a, the low-frequency path extends from unshielded twisted pair CUTP (2602) through low-pass filter (CLPF) 2620 and 2522 to unshielded twisted pair (CUTP) 2604 to continue the main line. Another low-frequency path passes through the low pass filter (CLPF) 2620 and the low pass filter (CLPF) 2624 to the unshielded twisted pair of conductors (CUTP) 2606, to guide the branch. The 2630 RJ-11 jack is also connected to the low-frequency path to connect the phone to the wall jack.

If nothing is plugged into socket unit 2630, 6300 RJ-45 is incorrect, Switch 2628 is closed, and the high-frequency path passes from unshielded twisted pairs (CIJTP) 2602 through high pass filter (CHPF) 26.10, high pass filter 2628. CHPF) 2612 and then to unshielded twisted pairs (CUTP) 2604.

The 2630 RJ-45 socket unit includes two sets of connections, one set connected to each end of the switch 2628. If the device is plugged into the RJ-45 socket unit 2630, the switch 2628 is open and the device plugged into the RJ-45 socket unit has the option to bypass the switch.

When the device is connected to the RJ-45 socket unit, the RF path passes through the high pass filter (CHPF) 2610 and then through one set of connections in the socket unit 3030 · 4 4

4 4 4 4

4 4 4

44 ··· »» 44

RJ-45. The computer can be connected to the jack 2630 RJ-45 in this way.

There is also a high-frequency path for another set of connections in the jack 2630 RJ-45 to unshielded twisted pairs of CUTPs 2604. Therefore, a device plugged into the jack 2630 RJ-45 can bypass the high-frequency path that is interrupted by switch 2628.

Further, a fourth connector 2608 is provided to the wall socket unit 2600. This connector can be used to provide a high frequency signal to a branch of unshielded twisted pair CUTPs 2606. The use of these two characteristics is described below.

Fig. 26b shows an embodiment of a wall socket unit 2600 using single-pole low and high pass filters, each consisting of a single choke or capacitor on each conductor.

Another feature of the jack unit relates to the 2630 RJ-11 jack unit. Only four of the six available couplings are used for the telephone line. The additional connection 2633 is connected to the RJ-11 socket unit. This port and port 2634, which are used for telephone connections, provide connections to two sides of one of the low-pass chokes 2622- Because direct current generally flows from the public switched telephone network (CPSTN) 120 through unshielded twisted pairs of conductors (CUTP) 2602 and With a choke, the voltage between terminals 2634 and 2633 can be used to determine whether the socket unit is correctly installed or whether the unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTPs) 2602 and 2604 are interchanged.

ΦΦ Φ Φ «· φφφ * Φ

Φ Φ · Φ Φ · Φ • ··>

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Φ φ · · · *

Φ ΦΦΦΦ

ΦΦΦ ΦΦ ΦΦ

Referring to FIG. 26c, the interface 2680 may be plugged into the socket unit 2630 of the RJ-45 Cnozn. translator- in the original incorrectly RH-457 to provide a connection to the computer and the parent cabinet. In interface 2680 Cp. 26307 low pass filter (LPF) 2650 incorrectly passes data band and blocks video band. At a preferred frequency location, the passband of the filter is from 13 MHz to 15 MHz. High Pass Filter (HPF) 2652 transmits video band. The data signals flow to a high-frequency junction 2670, such as a passive network node 10BaseT, which provides a 2672 connection to a computer. The data signal also passes through the high frequency coupling point 2670 and the low pass filter (LPF) 2650 back through the RJ-45 socket unit. A separate video signal may pass the High Pass Filter (HPF) 2652 for each pair of wires. One signal is routed in routing coupler 2660 and provided to the master box via an unshielded twisted pair (DTP) 2662. In this way, by splitting the high frequency band into separate signals, the video and control signals may be handled separately from the data signals.

Referring to FIG. 27 in an example of using a wall socket unit

2600 shown in Fig. 2630 of the RJ-45 to data network node 2700 is connected via its

25a-25b, an active four-port 2700 IOBaseT socket is used. Data network node gateway 2702 through a twisted pair (UTP) 2602 socket unit.

2630 RJ-45 with unshielded The data network node 2700 is coupled via the second gateway 2704 to the unshielded twisted pair (UTP) 2604 and provides communications services to the continuation of the mainline. Let's notice. that the high pass filter (HPF) 2710 is included in the connection between the data network node 2700 and the 2630 RJ-45 socket unit to block the telephone band signals from interference. 0 · 000 · 0 · 0 000 ·· · network node. The data network node 2700 acts as an active regenerative amplifier of the IOBaseT signal passing through the wall jack 2600 by connecting it via the 2630 RJ-45 socket unit.

The computer 144 may also be coupled to a data network node 2700 to communicate with computers connected to either unshielded twisted pair PUT 2602 or unshielded twisted pair PUT 2604.

The additional gateway 2706 of the data network node 2700 may optionally be used to provide the data communication service to the branch 2606. The gateway 2706 is particularly connected by the connection 2609 to the socket unit. The high pass filter (CHPF) 2720 blocks the telephone band signals coming from the branch 2600

Finally, as shown in FIG. 27, computer 144 may optionally provide an inter-network service between data signals coupled via data network node 2700 and telephone devices connected to unshielded twisted pair CUTPs 2602, 2604, and 2606. An example of such an inter-network service is an internet telephone service. which telephone calls may be routed through the data network 122 rather than the public switched telephone network (CPSTN) 120. Computer 144 has a telephone connection 2750 to jack 2630 RJ-45 so that the telephone band signal path passes through jack RJ-45 to unshielded twisted pairs 2602, 2604 and 2606.

6.3.3 Intermediate Interconnection Nodes

Referring back to FIG. 5 in certain buildings, the interconnection to each unit passes through an intermediate distribution interface 520, also known as an intermediate CIDF - intermediate distribution.

4 4 • 4 4 • 4 44

4> 4 • 4 4 4 4

4 4 4 4

444 44 · 4,444 distribution frame). These intermediate distribution interfaces provide a point at which high frequency signals can be connected to certain units. E.g. the data network node may be located in each intermediate interface. One reason for placing a network node at this location is to reduce the distance between the network node and computers.

conductors one flow through the interface (IDF)

Giant. 28 illustrates a system of electronics and couplers disposed in an intermediate distribution interface. The video signals connected to the main distribution interface 200 flow to the intermediate distribution interface (IDF) 520. As described above, the video signals are transmitted by a single unshielded twisted pair (UTP), each of which provides a subscriber at the end of a telephone service line. Control signals in the opposite direction. In the intermediate distribution, the lOBaseT signals are added to the pairs of wires in accordance with the video signals. Special couplings are provided to facilitate the coupling process, thereby reducing costs.

The key to the intermediate junction block 2850 and consists of a column with two couplers, pairs of wires four columns consisting of 50 can be on the distribution interface (IDF) is a cover 2855. The junction block 2850 with couplings 110 ”twisted pairs. Each row. Because a twisted pair needs each column to connect 25 twisted

Groove 2810 is between the first and second contact columns and between the third and fourth contact columns. There are 50 contacts at each edge of the groove. Each electrically connected to the coupling by the contacts to the right of the groove.

the contact to the left of the groove is 110 left. The same applies to

Normally, the opposing contacts on the right remain pressed together to form, and to the left of the groove, a conductive connection between the wires. ** Connectors left and right. However, the purpose of the groove is to allow the insertion of the printed circuit board. Such a plate may be designed to be inserted into a groove at a certain pressure level, thereby breaking the connection between the contacts. The board may also have electrical contacts aligned so that they correspond exactly to 50 contacts on the right and left sides of each groove, thereby establishing an electrical connection. When such a printed circuit board is inserted, the signals can now flow from the first connector column to the second connector column under full control of the electronics on the board. An example of block 150 is part of ST-9877 of Siemens Corporation, Vestbury, Connecticut, USA.

The cover 2855 is made of a printed circuit board material in a shape similar to a rectangular box with one front wall removed. As a result, four edges are formed. Two of these edges have exactly the same dimension as the grooves in the splice block 110 and can be inserted as described above. Furthermore, as described above, the metal contacts on these edges are arranged to be arranged in accordance with the contacts to the right and left of the groove. These contacts bring electronics mounted on housing 2855 into metal contact with all 200 couplings on junction block 2850. As a result, electronics and electrical paths can be mounted on housing 2855 to accomplish many different types of signal processing and switching.

Another set of wire pairs also converges in junction block 2850. There are wire pairs that extend from the 2860 lobaseT network node to the 2858 RJ-21 connector on the housing 2855.

One network node gateway 2860 is purpose-designed for each of the 12 subscribers connected to junction block 2850. The conductive paths on housing 2855 complete the path between the network node 2860 and the contacts on junction block 2850. ·· 99 999 99 99 connected other pairs of wires intended for the same subscriber. The housing 2855 includes the electronics required to connect the data signals from the network node 2860 to the pairs of wires leading to each unit.

Exemplary embodiment

An example embodiment of the system allows the distribution of signals in a multi-storey building with the wiring arrangement shown in FIG. 5. The main information interface 200 could be located in the building and the intermediate distribution interface 520 on each floor and serve the network units 400 unshielded twisted pairs.

In this example, the lattice is the distance. between the main information interface 200 and at least some of the intermediate distribution interfaces 520 greater than 330 feet within the normalized 10BaseT signaling range.

7.1.1 Signal distribution

Referring to Fig. 29a, in this embodiment, each unit of the unshielded twisted pair (CITP) network network 400a is connected to two unshielded twisted pair CUTP1 wires, one of which provides a telephone service to the unit. The network unit 400a of the unshielded twisted pair cable (CUTP) has a branched structure. In order to reduce reflections, connection points and terminating members are incorporated into the socket units.

Numerous network units 400a of unshielded twisted pair (CUTP) wires, such as on a single floor of a building, are served by an intermediate distribution interface 520a. The intermediate distribution interface 520a includes a voice, video, and data network node 2950 that provides multiplexed signals to each unit by two unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTPs) 2906.

The voice, video, and data network node 2950 is connected to each unit by one unshielded twisted pair of CUTPs 2902. which transmits telephone and video signals to the unit. Due to the distance between the main information interface 20a and the intermediate distribution interface 520a Cpozn. The data signals are distributed to each intermediate distribution interface separately.

In the intermediate distribution interface 520a Cpozn. 520) is a data network node 2940 10 BaseT connected to a voice, video, and data network node 2950 providing data signals that are transmitted to units with unshielded twisted pair pairs (CUTPs) 2906. Data network node 2940 10OBaseT is a security network node as shown in FIG. 17. Therefore, a computer in one unit cannot capture data passing between the computer to another unit and the data network includes a video source 820, system 124, and data network 122. One 121 provides a telephone video network node 2910 pair (CUTP). 2902

The main information interface 200a associated with a television distribution network node 815 (lOBaseT), coupled to an unshielded twisted pair of conductors (CUTP) service to each unit. Voice and connects each unshielded twisted with video source 820.

The data network node 815 is 2920 with corresponding in-between distribution converters each transferred via the media converters through the media converters 2930 to the interfaces 520a. Medium Unshielded Twisted Pair Wire ičů + t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t (UTP) IOBaseT to a bidirectional signal transmitted by an unshielded twisted pair (UTP) 2904 to the intermediate distribution interface 520a. In this, the media converters have the structure shown in FIG. Which the transmission tone signals are used to collide.

only each case 12, in the finding

Referring to Fig. 29b, voice and video network node 2910 includes one transducer 2912 for each unit. Each transducer 2912 includes a low pass filter (LPF) 2914 that transmits only the telephone band. Each transducer 2912 also provides a connection to a video source 820 (incorrect transducer 's original 2912).

The voice, video, and data network node 2950 includes one converter 2952 for each unit. Unshielded twisted pair (UTP) 2902 connected converter 2952 with corresponding converter 2912 at voice and video network node 2910. This unshielded twisted pair (UTP) is coupled to one of two unshielded twisted pair (UTP) 2906 through low pass filter (LPF) 2954, which transmits direct current and telephone band, and over high pass (HPF) 2956, which transmits video band. This unshielded twisted pair (UTP) 2906 is also coupled to one of two unshielded twisted pair (UTP) 2951s that connects the converter 2952 to the corresponding gateway or data network node 2940. A second unshielded twisted pair (UTP) 2951 from the data network node 2951 is coupled to the other of two unshielded twisted pair (UTP) 2906.

The unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) network unit 400a includes a transmission path that consists of two unshielded twisted-pair (UTP). One unshielded twisted pair (UTP) transmits phone and data signals • fl fl • fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fl fll the lOBaseT data signals, while the second unshielded twisted pair (UTP) carries the second direction of the lOBaseT data signal. The transmission path forms a branch in the socket unit 2960. Therefore, the jack unit 2960 includes a high frequency junction formed from two parallel routing couplers that connect high frequency data signals and video signals in two branches that lead to the jack units 2964 and 2962. The jack units 2964 and 2962 include terminators to reduce reflection of the high frequency signals.

AND

The standardized lOBaseT adapter in computer 144 is connected to the socket unit 2960 by two unshielded twisted pair pairs (UTPs) providing connection to two unshielded twisted pair pairs (UTPs) 2906 through two band-pass filters that pass only the data band. Phone 134 is coupled to one of the unshielded twisted pair (UTP) 2906 through a low pass filter that passes the telephone band. The television 154 is coupled via a socket unit 2964 to one of the unshielded twisted pair (UTP) wires through a band-pass and high-pass filter that appropriately pass the control band and the video band.

In operation, data communication from the computer 144 passes through the unshielded twisted pair (UTP) 2906, the data network node 2940 lOBaseT, and the data network node 815 to scan the data network 122. The data network node 2940 «lOBaseT provides security thereby. that it does not transmit the data transmitted by the computer 144 to other units and that it does not transmit to other units

data received from the data network 122 addressed to the computer 144.

Television 154 (and the corresponding remote control) communicates with video source 820 via voice, video and data network node 2950 and voice and video network node 2910

V in W in v 4 in 4 4 in v 4 in v · Ft * ··

The telephone 134 communicates with the public switched telephone network (CPSTN) 120 via the voice, video and data network node 2950 and the voice and video network node 2910.

7.1.2

According to ohr. 30a includes a video source 820 in an exemplary embodiment, an uplink 930a. The video selector 930a includes a set of video source rows 3014 that generate video signals that can be sent to units and a switch 3012. which connects the appropriate rows of sources to video converters 920 to transmit video signals to the units. there may be fewer rows of video sources than the units served by this video selector.

The video source controller 3010 receives control signals from each video converter 920. Based on these control signals, the video source controller 3010 selects one row of video source 3014 to fit the requesting unit and instructs the switch 3012 to associate the selected row of sources with the video converter.

Various series of video sources may be used. In this exemplary embodiment, each video source series 3014 includes a channel selector 3024 and a WebTV 3022 as shown in Fig. 30b. The channel selector 3024 selects certain programs available from the television distribution network 124 based on the control signal received from the video source controller 3010. The video source controller also controls switch 3020 to select between channel selector 3024 and WebTV 3022.

WebTV is a device. that connects to the data network 122 «* · · ·« ···

0 and # 0 and # 00 and provide audio video output based on the content available in the data network 122- WebTV is controlled by the viewer using an interface such as a mouse or keyboard. Referring to FIG. 30c, the parent box 832b Cnoz. translator: _the original incorrectly 832) in this embodiment not only receives a control input from the remote control 834. but also infrared (IR) keyboard 3040 and infrared (IR) mouse 3042. These signals are connected to the infrared (IR) receiver 1062b and control modulator 1060 to the video source control unit 3010. The video source controller 3010 passes input from the infrared (IR) keyboard 3040 and infrared (IR) mouse 3042 to WebTV 3022.

KX

Numerous WebTV 3022s are connected to a data network node 3030 that connects WebTV units to the data network. Also computer 3032 Cpozn. The server is connected to a data network node. The server computer 3032 can provide services that the user accesses in the drive via the WebTV interface.

8. Alternative system design

An alternative embodiment of the system comprises various combinations of elements described above.

E.g. in a system in which multiple computers are to communicate in each unit using the lOBaseT interface, passive couplers such as those shown in Fig. 22c are used in each jack. This allows the computer connected to the socket unit to communicate with both the data network and the other computers in the unit, which may be either upstream or downstream.

Other types of information services may be incorporated into the system of the type described above. E.g. a satellite television system can provide television programs rather than a cable television system.

Other elements of the invention may be used independently. E.g. the safety net node is used in circumstances other than simply twisted pair communication. Distributing power and data signals by a single pair of unshielded twisted conductors to a network node or other interface is also generally useful. Other types of network nodes or data concentrators may also be used in place of the network nodes described above. E.g. A switching node in which the signals are only transmitted to the gateways to which the addressed computer is connected may be used. Other t.ypv interfaces to the data network may also be used.

Although the system is described above in terms of direct connection to the public telephone network, the system can be equally connected to a private branch exchange (CPBX), which provides public switched telephone network functionality (CPSTN) in the form of providing telephone services to a set of telephones connected to the interconnector .

Claims (16)

PATENT CLAIMS The claim is aer A communication system apparatus for passing twisted-pair network communication between a plurality of terminal devices comprising one or more telephones and a plurality of information services comprising a telephone exchange and other information services, characterized in that it comprises a main information interface connected to the information services; an interconnecting network of twisted pairs of wires connected to terminal equipment and the main information interface. comprising a plurality of active telephone pairs to pass voice signals between a telephone exchange and one or more telephones; wherein the information interface comprises circuits to be combined in active telephone pairs (Ca) telephone signals in the telephone frequency band passing between the telephone exchange and one or more telephones; and Cb) radio frequency signals in the radio frequency band higher than the telephone frequency band and one or more terminal devices The communication system apparatus of claim 1, wherein the other information services comprise a data network and the plurality of terminal devices comprises a computer and wherein the main information interface further comprises a data network node to pass information between the computer and the data network. • · · The communication system apparatus of claim 2, wherein the other information services further comprise a television distribution service. A communication system device according to claim 2, wherein the interconnecting network of twisted conductors comprises a plurality of cables connected to the main information interface and the cables form branched paths and terminal devices from the main information network. The network is used to connect the connection points at the cable bifurcation points to reduce signal deterioration in the high frequency band. The communication system apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of terminal devices comprises a television receiver and an associated remote control device, and the main information interface comprises a video selector that is associated with one information service and includes a receiver for receiving control information transmitted from the a remote control interconnecting network of high-frequency twisted pair wires and a transmitter for providing a television signal to a television receiver by the high-frequency twisted pair wired network in response to control information. The communication system apparatus of claim 5, wherein the video selector comprises a channel selector for selecting a television broadcast. A communication system apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the video selector comprises a computer connected to the data network and the control information comprises information identifying a video information source in the data network. »99 · 99 99 99 99 9 9 * * 8. The communication system apparatus of claim 1 including private circuits to prevent information passing between the terminal device and the information service to pass to another terminal device. The communication system apparatus of claim 8, wherein the plurality of information circuits include gateways associated with the service data network including a data network and a private data network node having a plurality of terminal devices and the gateway connected and the data network node including preventing transmission of data received by one gateway that is connected to the terminal to gateways connected to other terminals. 10. The communication system apparatus of claim 9, wherein the network node further comprises circuitry to prevent data addressed to the terminal being received by the gateway connected to the data network to gateways other than the gateway to which the addressed terminal is connected. . 11. The communication system apparatus of claim 1, further comprising circuitry to reduce deterioration of signals passing through the interconnection network. 12. The communication system apparatus of claim 11, wherein the signal degradation circuitry includes signal amplification circuitry and signal equalization circuitry. 13. The communication system apparatus of claim 11, wherein the plurality of information services includes a data network, and the system further comprises a data node. coupled across the plurality of gateways to the interconnection network, and the circuitry to reduce deterioration of signals passing through the interconnection network include circuits to reduce crosstalk between the pairs of conductors coupled to the plurality of gateways. 14. The communication system apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a media converter. wherein the media converter is connected to the information service by a plurality of conductors and is connected to the interconnection network by a smaller number of conductors, and the media converter comprises circuits for receiving information from the information service by a plurality of conductors and transmitting this information to the interconnection network by a smaller number of conductors. 15. The communication system apparatus of claim 14, wherein the media adapter converts the 10OBaseT signals received by the two pairs of conductors into a signal transmitted by one pair of conductors. 16- A method for effecting passage of a twisted pair network communication between a plurality of terminal devices comprising one or more telephones and a plurality of information services including a telephone exchange and other information services, the method comprising the passage of voice signals between a telephone exchange and one or more; multiple phones by active telephone pairs of twisted-pair networks that have combined information services and terminal equipment: a combination of active telephone pairs of (a) telephone frequency band signals passing between a PABX and one or more telephones; .