CZ309959B6 - Fastening assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

The object of the invention includes a fastening assembly including a fixing element (1), a fastened part (2) and an intermediate piece (3). The intermediate piece (3) is connected with the fixing element (1) and the fastened part (2). The intermediate piece (3) includes the first securing element (4) and the fastened part (2) includes the second securing element (5), whereas one out of the first securing element (4) or the second securing element (5) is adapted to fit into the other out of the first securing element (4) and the second securing element (5). At least a part of the intermediate piece (3) is flexible and adapted to exert force on the first securing element (4) in the direction of the second securing element (5).

Description

Fixing assembly

Field of technology

The invention relates to a fastening assembly for mounting parts on the axis of a fixing element (e.g. a ball pin or mandrel), and it specifically relates to a fastening assembly that enables automatic adjustment of the assembly tolerances of the fastened parts.

Current state of the art

In the current state of the art, the fastening of a part (e.g. the rear group lamp of a vehicle) to the axis of a fixing pin or mandrel is most often realized with the help of suitably shaped bosses, which are made on the relevant part to be fastened. Specifically, the fixing pin or mandrel is pushed into this socket, which ensures a firm connection of the part to the fixing element. The disadvantage of such solutions lies primarily in the fact that the relative position of the part to be fixed and the pin is clearly defined, while the resulting position of the part relative to the vehicle body is determined by where the fixing pin is fixed on the vehicle and where the collar is made on the part to be fixed. Such a design therefore does not allow matching the assembly tolerances of the parts and adjusting their position in individual axes, especially in axes perpendicular to the direction of the fixing element.

In the current state of the art, solutions are also known that enable the adjustment of the position of the fixed part in different axes. An example of such a solution in the patent literature is e.g. patent document DE 102012011750 A1, which describes a fastening device that uses the rotational movement of an eccentric pin to adjust the tolerances of the part in the axes perpendicular to the fixing pin. Therefore, a conventional fixing pin is not used to fix the part, but a suitably adapted pin must be used, whose axis of rotational symmetry is shifted relative to the axis of its rotational movement, while this pin also includes other securing elements. In addition to the more complex construction, the manipulation method for matching tolerances, which is performed by rotating the eccentric pin, is also disadvantageous. A similar manipulation is also required, for example, by the solution described in patent document US 10589663 B2, which discloses a device for fixing a rear lamp. The height adjustment of the position of the lamp is realized by turning the fastening element, which, for example, compared to translational movement, represents a more complex manipulation that may require the use of a tool, or may be less time-efficient for the worker.

Patent document WO 2009/106261 A1 describes a fastening assembly enabling automatic compensation of the tolerances of the parts to be fastened, specifically the rear lamp of a car. Compensation for production inaccuracies is realized in all three axes, using a floating grip. However, the construction of this assembly is quite complicated and includes a large number of components, which complicates the manufacturing and assembly process and also increases the risk of damage.

It would therefore be advisable to come up with a solution for a fastening assembly that would enable automatic adjustment of the tolerances of the part to be fastened and at the same time would be characterized by a simple construction using a conventional fixing element and easy handling of the part to be fastened.

The essence of the invention

The above-mentioned shortcomings are removed to a certain extent by a fixing assembly comprising a fixing element with a longitudinal axis of the fixing element, a fixed part and an intermediate piece, wherein the fixing assembly is adapted to compensate for the mounting tolerances of the fixed part in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the fixing element, while the intermediate piece is connected to the fixing element and with a fixed part. The essence of the fastening assembly is that the intermediate piece includes a first securing element and the part to be fastened includes a second securing element. One of the first securing element and the second

- 1 CZ 309959 B6 of the securing element is adapted to fit into the second of the first securing element and the second securing element, while at least part of the intermediate piece is flexible and adapted to exert force on the first securing element in the direction of the second securing element. To compensate for assembly tolerances, the first securing element and the second securing element are mutually movable in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the fixing element.

The advantage of the present invention lies primarily in the fact that it enables automatic alignment of the assembly tolerances of the fastened part, while this alignment is realized by a mere sliding movement of the fastened part with an inserted intermediate piece in a direction perpendicular to the first and second securing elements, which fit into each other, respectively. they are locked into each other. No tools are required for adjusting tolerances, and mounting the part to be fixed on a conventional fixing pin or mandrel is simple and time- and physically undemanding. Alignment in an axis perpendicular to the first and second securing elements is made possible by the fact that part of the intermediate piece is flexible. As a result of the pressure on the part to be fastened, the part of the intermediate piece including the first securing element is pushed away and due to the elasticity of this part, the first securing element springs up and fits into another position.

At least one of the first locking element and the second locking element preferably includes a set of equidistantly spaced similarly shaped protrusions. The first and/or second securing element is therefore realized essentially as a groove, since a groove is always defined between the individual protrusions. This grooving can advantageously be made fine (i.e. with a small width of grooves and protrusions), which enables fine adjustment of the relative position of the fastened part and the intermediate piece, and thus also the relative position of the fastened part and the fixing element. Thanks to equidistant and identically shaped protrusions, the displacement step of the part to be fixed relative to the fixing element is well defined.

Each projection on at least one of the pair of securing elements comprising the first securing element and the second securing element preferably includes a push-off surface adapted to push off the remaining of the pair of securing elements comprising the first securing element and the second securing element. The push-off surfaces implement the mutual push-off of the first and second securing elements as a result of the pressure on the part to be fastened, and thus enable a change in the relative position of the first and second securing elements. Push-off occurs automatically if pressure is exerted on the part to be fastened with sufficient force to overcome the friction between the protrusions of the first and second securing elements. So no tools are needed.

The protrusions preferably have a triangular cross-section. This shape is simple to manufacture, and in addition provides well-defined impression surfaces, which in this embodiment are realized as beveled flat surfaces. Such surfaces enable the first securing element to be pushed away perpendicular to the direction of the force which is applied to the part to be fastened during assembly.

The fixing element preferably includes an end part and the intermediate piece preferably includes a locking projection, the locking projection being adapted to fit into the end part of the fixing element. As a result of the engagement of the locking protrusion in the end part of the fixing element, the intermediate piece is prevented from springing under pressure on the part to be fixed, and the part to be fixed is thus firmly fixed in a given position relative to the fixing element. To re-adjust the tolerances in the axis perpendicular to the first and second locking element, it is necessary to move the intermediate piece back to the first position of the intermediate piece relative to the fixing element, in which the locking protrusion is not in contact with the end part of the fixing element.

The intermediate piece preferably includes a rib, the locking tab being arranged on this rib. The location of the locking lug on the rib is advantageous for the reason that on one side this rib is raised and thus provides a suitable elevated place for the arrangement of the locking lug. At the same time, the beveled shape of the rib does not prevent the movement of the intermediate piece between the first and second position of the intermediate piece relative to the fixation element.

The intermediate piece preferably includes a groove and the fixed part preferably includes a fixing profile, wherein the fixing profile is slidably placed in the groove. This design ensures a simple connection

- 2 CZ 309959 B6 of the intermediate piece and the fixed part, which can be realized by simply sliding the intermediate piece into the fixing profile of the fixed part so that the fixing profile is slidably stored in the groove of the intermediate piece. Such insertion is not time- or physically demanding and does not require the use of any tools. In order to prevent the intermediate piece from falling out/extruding from the fixation profile, in practice the fixation profile should be equipped with a suitable safety mechanism, e.g. a barrier and another safety element.

The middle piece is advantageously realized as one integral part. Thanks to this, the fastening assembly is characterized by a simple construction, since in addition to the fixing element and the fastened part itself, it already includes only one other component in the form of a one-piece intermediate piece. Simple and time-saving assembly is also associated with the simple construction.

Clarification of drawings

The essence of the invention is further clarified by examples of its realization, which are described using the attached drawings, where on:

Fig. 1 shows the fastening assembly according to the present invention in cross-section with the fixing element, the intermediate piece and the part to be fixed, while the plane of the section passes longitudinally through the fixing element, Fig. 2 shows the fixing element fastened to the body with a rivet nut, Fig. 3 shows the intermediate piece in the first exemplary embodiment according to the present invention in view of the first securing element, Fig. 4 shows the intermediate piece in the first exemplary embodiment according to the present invention in a side view of the receiving cavity, Fig. 5a shows the fixation profile of the fastened part in the first exemplary embodiment according to the present invention, fig. Fig. 5b shows the fixation profile of the fixed part in an alternative embodiment according to the present invention with an illustration of the barriers, Fig. 5c shows the fixation profile of the fastened part in another alternative embodiment according to the present invention with an illustration of the barriers, Fig. 5d shows the fixation profile of the fastened part in an alternative embodiment according to the present invention with an illustration of the barriers and a securing element, Fig. 5e shows the fixation profile of the fastened part in another alternative embodiment according to the present invention with an illustration of the barriers and a securing element, Fig. 6a shows the fixing element, part of the intermediate piece and part of the attached part in the first position of the intermediate piece in relation to the fixation element with the direction of fixation indicated, Fig. 6b shows the fixation element, part of the intermediate piece and part of the fixed part in the second position of the intermediate piece in relation to the fixation element with the direction of fixation indicated, Fig. 7a shows the fixation element, part of the intermediate piece and part of the fixed part in to the first position of the intermediate piece in relation to the fixation element with marking of the direction of fixation in an alternative version with a representation of the barrier and the securing element,

- 3 CZ 309959 B6 Fig. 7b shows the fixing element, part of the intermediate piece and part of the fixed part in the second position of the intermediate piece in relation to the fixing element with marking of the direction of fixation in an alternative design with representation of the barrier and the safety element, Fig. 8a shows the fixing element, part of the intermediate piece and a part of the fixed part in the first position of the intermediate piece in relation to the fixing element with a marking of the direction of fixation in another alternative embodiment with a representation of the securing element and an additional part, Fig. 8b shows the fixing element, part of the intermediate piece and part of the fixed part in the second position of the intermediate piece in relation to the fixing element with a marking direction of fixation in another alternative embodiment with a representation of the securing element and an additional part, Fig. 9 shows the intermediate piece in an alternative embodiment in view of the first securing element with an illustration of the additional part, Fig. 10 shows the change in the relative position of the first securing element and the second of the securing element when part of the intermediate piece is spring-loaded, Fig. 11a shows the part to be fastened before being attached to the fixing element with the marking of the direction of fixation for the case of the rear group lamp, Fig. 11b shows the fastening part with the intermediate piece mounted on the fixing element with the marking of the direction of manipulation to match the mounting tolerances for the rear group lamp, with the mounting part shown as transparent, and Fig. 11c shows the mounting part fixed to the fixing element in a position with the matching mounting tolerances for the rear group lamp.

Examples of implementation of the invention

The invention will be further explained by examples of implementation with reference to the respective drawings.

In the first exemplary embodiment, the fixing assembly according to the present invention includes a fixing element 1, a fixed part 2 and an intermediate piece 3, whereby the intermediate piece 3 is connected to the fixing element 1 and also to the fixed part 2.

In the first exemplary embodiment, the fixing element 1 is implemented as a fixing pin, the shape of which is essentially rotationally symmetrical according to the axis 1c of the fixing element 1 and which, at one of its first ends, includes an end part 1a with a locking cavity 1b, as shown e.g. in fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 6a or Fig. 6b. As can best be seen in Fig. 2, the fixing element 1 is fixed to the vehicle body 14 so that the end part 1a is located on the outside of the body 14 and is ready for the insertion of the intermediate piece 3 with the fixed part 2, while the other end of the fixing element 1 is it is located on the inside of the body 14, because the fixing element 1 passes through the body 14. Thus, the outer side of the body 14 in Fig. 2 corresponds to the lower part of the image below the plane of the body 14 and the inner side of the body 14 corresponds to the upper part of the image above the plane of the body 14.

To fix the fixing element 1 to the vehicle body 14, the fixing element 1 is provided with a rivet nut 1g, and before the fixing element 1 is fixed to the rivet nut 1g, the rivet nut 1g is first fixed to the body 14. For this purpose, it is first necessary to make 14 hole in the body. A rivet nut 1g is further inserted into this hole, typically hexagonal, which is fixed to the body 14 by standard riveting, e.g. using riveting pliers or another suitable tool. After riveting the rivet nut 1g, the height of the rivet nut 1g will decrease, due to the deformation of the rivet nut 1g in the area from the inner side of the body 14 to the end of the rivet nut 1g. Fig. 2 shows the rivet nut 1g after riveting and fastening

- 4 CZ 309959 B6 to the body 14, while the height of the rivet nut 1g after riveting is marked here for clarity with the letter A and the deformed area is marked with the letter B. In Fig. 2, near the inner side of the body 14, the material of the rivet nut 1g is also visible, which was pushed outwards along the circumference of the rivet nut 1g due to deformation. The outer surface of the rivet nut 1g typically has a hexagonal shape before riveting, which ensures that the rivet nut 1g does not rotate in the hole during riveting.

As also indicated in Fig. 2, the rivet nut 1g on its inner side includes the threaded part 1h of the rivet nut 1g and the sealing part 1i of the rivet nut 1g, wherein the threaded part 1h of the rivet nut 1g is located on the inner side of the body 14 and the sealing part 1i of the rivet the nut 1g is located on the outside of the body 14. The threaded part 1h of the rivet nut 1g is essentially cylindrical in shape and is provided with a thread suitable for screwing on the fixing element 1, which is also provided with a corresponding thread, specifically in the threaded part 1e of the fixing element 1. After riveting the rivet nut 1g, the fixing element 1 is screwed into the cavity of the rivet nut 1g, from the outside of the body 14. The screwing is preferably carried out using the end part 1a of the fixing element 1, since the securing cavity 1b arranged in the end part 1a has in the first example execution of a star-shaped profile, specifically the shape of a six-pointed star, also called an internal torx in this field. A screw tool can be inserted into this star-shaped (torx) profile of the securing cavity 1b and the fixing element 1 can be screwed into the rivet nut 1g by mutual movement of the threads on the threaded part 1e of the fixing element 1 and the threaded part 1h of the rivet nut 1g. After screwing the fixing element 1 into a certain position relative to the rivet nut 1g, the position of the fixing element 1 in the axis 1c of the fixing element 1 can be further changed by screwing, so-called fitting, as indicated by the corresponding double-sided arrow in Fig. 2. This also determines the resulting position of the part to be fixed 2. The overfitting range is approximately 1.5 mm in both directions.

The position of the fixing element 1 in the axis 1c of the fixing element 1, and therefore also the resulting position of the fixed part 2 in the axis parallel to the axis 1c of the fixing element 1, can also be adjusted by screwing from the other end of the fixing element 1. The other end of the fixing element 1, located on on the inside of the body 14, namely in the first exemplary embodiment it includes the outer profile 1f. In the first exemplary embodiment, this outer profile 1f is realized in a star-shaped shape, and specifically it is a so-called outer torx, because the outer profile 1f is realized in the shape of a six-pointed star. Thanks to this external profile 1f, it is possible to change the relative position of the fixing element 1 and the rivet nut 1g.

In the event that it is desirable to adjust the resulting position of the fixed part 2 precisely in the axis parallel to the axis 1c of the fixing element 1 and the fixed part 2 is simultaneously fixed to the fixing element 1, it is possible to dismantle the fixed part 2 from the fixing element 1 and screw it using the locking cavity 1b (internal torx) or external profile 1f (external torx) adjust the relative position of the fixing element 1 and the rivet nut 1g, i.e. the relative position of the fixing element 1 in relation to the body 14. If access to the external profile 1f is enabled despite the fact that the part to be fastened 2 is fixed to the fixing element 1, it is possible to fit the fixed part 2 in an axis parallel to the axis 1c of the fixing element 1 without dismantling the fixed part 2 from the fixing element 1.

The end part 1a of the fixation element 1 is realized in the first exemplary embodiment as an extension of the fixation element 1 into an approximately spherical shape, which is, however, cut off at its end. As already mentioned, the safety cavity 1b, which is formed in the end part 1a, has a star-shaped profile in the first exemplary embodiment. Alternatively, the locking cavity 1b can have a different shape, e.g. the shape of a regular polygon, which enables screwing and the above-described finishing. Alternatively, the securing cavity 1b can have a different shape, e.g. a circular shape, which does not allow screwing, however in this case it is advantageous that at least the outer profile 1f at the other end of the fixing element 1 allows screwing. , e.g. the shape of a regular polygon, which enables screwing and the above-described finishing. In general, the shape of the safety cavity 1b and the outer profile 1f can be changed taking into account the general shape and method of mounting the fixing element 1.

- 5 CZ 309959 B6

Alternatively, the end part 1a of the fixing element 1 can also have a different shape or dimensions, if the longest radial dimension of the securing cavity 1b is smaller than the width of the end part 1a in the radial direction. With regard to the above, the mentioned rotational symmetry of the fixing element 1 is disturbed by certain elements, e.g. the shape of the profile of the securing cavity 1b, the shape of the outer profile 1f, or the shape of the rivet nut 1g, if this design does not limit the function of the fixing element 1 for fixing the intermediate piece 3 with the attached by work 2.

The possibility of adjusting the position of the fixing element 1 in relation to the rivet nut 1g in the axis 1c of the fixing element 1 is also related to the need to prevent the penetration of water and moisture around the fixing element 1. For these purposes, the fixing element 1 in the first exemplary embodiment is equipped with three sealing edges 1d, arranged specifically between the end part 1a and the threaded part 1e of the fixing element 1. After screwing the fixing element 1 into the rivet nut 1g, the sealing edges 1d are located in the sealing part 1i of the rivet nut 1g. Alternatively, the sealing edges 1d are realized, for example, in a different number or are spatially arranged in a different way, if a reliable seal is ensured by these designs and the penetration of water and moisture around the fixing element 1 is prevented.

To create the fastening assembly according to the present invention, an available and known in the state of the art fixing element 1 is used, and the specific shape and design of such a fixing element 1 or its possible modifications and alternatives are therefore well known to the expert in the field.

In the first exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 1, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the intermediate piece 3 is realized as one integral part, which is shaped in such a way that it includes a base and other parts that come from this base and whose design will be described in more detail later in text.

In the first exemplary embodiment, the base of the intermediate piece 3 is realized approximately in the shape of a rectangular plate, which is provided on one of its two largest surfaces with a first securing element 4, which in the first exemplary embodiment is realized as a set of mutually parallel equidistantly spaced equally shaped protrusions, or grooves, which arise between these protrusions. In the first exemplary embodiment, these protrusions extend over the entire surface of one of the two largest surfaces of the base, while they lead from one side of the base to the other, opposite, side of the base. The first securing element 4 is shaped to fit into the second securing element 5 made on the part 2 to be fastened, the second securing element 5 being seen, for example, in Fig. 5a. The second locking element 5 is therefore also realized in the first exemplary embodiment as a set of mutually parallel equidistantly spaced equally shaped protrusions, or grooves, which are created between these protrusions. The projections of the second securing element 5 fit into the grooves of the first securing element 4 by their shape, and the projections of the first securing element 4 fit into the grooves of the second securing element 5 by their shape, and in the first exemplary embodiment, these projections have a triangular cross-section, as shown in Fig. 10. To the contact of the first securing element 4 and the second securing element 5 occurs when the fixed part 2 is connected to the intermediate piece 3, specifically pushed onto the intermediate piece 3, while this manipulation will be described later.

The base of the intermediate piece 3 is further provided on the second of its two largest surfaces with a beveled rib 6, which starts from one edge of the base towards the opposite edge of the base in a direction parallel to the protrusions and grooves of the first locking element 4, as can be seen from Fig. 4. Rib 6 is guided in such a way that it divides this second surface of the base into two halves, with the rib 6 having a lower height at one end than at its other, i.e. raised, end, the height of the rib 6 being in a direction parallel to the protrusions and grooves of the first securing element 4 changes smoothly. At the raised end of the rib 6, the rib 6 is provided with a locking protrusion 7, shown in, for example, Fig. 4, Fig. 6a or Fig. 6b. In the first exemplary embodiment, the safety protrusion 7 has a rounded shape, the dimensions of which are chosen so that the safety protrusion 7 fits into the safety cavity 1b. At the same time, the locking projection 7 does not have to have exactly the same shape as the profile of the locking cavity 1b, as long as it enables it to fit into the locking cavity 1b. In the first exemplary embodiment, the securing projection 7 is formed on the rib 6 by casting, typically from a plastic material; it is therefore advantageously an insurance premium

- 6 CZ 309959 B6 spout. Alternatively, the locking protrusion 7 is created in a different way, alternatively, the intermediate piece 3 does not include the rib 6, while the locking protrusion 7 is created, e.g. by casting, directly on the base of the intermediate piece 3, if this design enables the locking protrusion 7 to fit into the locking cavity 1b.

From the base of the intermediate piece 3, specifically from its two side walls, other parts of the intermediate piece 3 emerge, as can best be seen in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4. These parts emerge from the side walls of the base of the intermediate piece 3 so that they first extend in the same plane as the base of the intermediate piece 3 and also have the same thickness as the base of the intermediate piece 3. Subsequently, these parts bend over the second surface of the base, i.e. over the surface of the base in which the rib 6 with the securing protrusion 7 is made, while the shape of the entire intermediate piece 3 is mirror-symmetrical in the first exemplary embodiment according to the plane passing through the middle of the rib 6 in its longitudinal direction. In other words, from the two side walls of the base of the intermediate piece 3, identical but mirror-inverted parts emerge, which are connected to each other only at this first end of the intermediate piece 3. At the other end of the intermediate piece 3, these symmetrical parts are not connected and together define the receiving cavity 10 for inserting the end part 1a of the fixing element 1.

The profile of the receiving cavity 10 corresponds to the shape of the end part 1a of the fixing element 1, as can be seen, for example, in Fig. 1. Thus, in the first exemplary embodiment, the receiving cavity 10 has a curved shape, while the radius of curvature of the two mirror-symmetric parts of the intermediate piece 3, which are the receiving cavity 10 is defined, it is chosen to correspond to the curvature of the end part 1a of the fixing element 1. The described curved shape has the receiving cavity 10 when viewed from the side, specifically when viewed from the side at the first end of the rib 6 or at the second, elevated end of the rib 6 according to fig. 4. It is precisely from the side of the intermediate piece 3 that the fixing element 1 is pushed into the receiving cavity 10 with its end part 1a, as will be described later. The insertion of the fixing element 1 into the receiving cavity 10 is therefore carried out along an axis that is perpendicular to the axis 1c of the fixing element 1. Looking at the other end of the intermediate piece 3, specifically in the direction perpendicular to the second surface of the base on which the rib 6 is formed, the receiving cavity 10 rectangular shape, created by beveling both mirror-symmetrical parts of the intermediate piece 3. Both parts are beveled so that the receiving cavity 10 is gradually widened towards the other end of the intermediate piece 3. In an alternative embodiment, specifically in the case that the end part 1a of the fixation element 1 has a different than approximately spherical shape, the receiving cavity 10 is realized in a different shape that corresponds to the shape of the end part 1a of the fixation element 1.

Both mirror-symmetrical parts of the intermediate piece 3 also include several cut-outs in the first exemplary embodiment. The two first cutouts 11 are best seen in Fig. 3 and are located in the plane of the base of the intermediate piece 3. The two second cutouts 12 are then located individually in the lateral sides of both of these symmetrical parts, as can be seen in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4. These first cutouts 11 and second cutouts 12 have a rectangular shape in the first exemplary embodiment and create such a structure of the intermediate piece 3 that is characterized by elastic properties that are important for the function of the intermediate piece 3. Thanks to these first cutouts 11 and the second cutouts 12, at least part of the intermediate piece 3 is flexible, while the springing of the intermediate piece 3, which occurs during the assembly of the fixed part 2, will be described in more detail below. In an advantageous embodiment, the intermediate piece 3 is made of plastic. Alternatively, the intermediate piece 3 is made of another material that provides sufficient elastic properties, or the first cutouts 11 and the second cutouts 12 have a different shape or length, if the flexibility of at least part of the intermediate piece 3 is thereby preserved.

In the first exemplary embodiment, the two mirror-symmetrical parts of the intermediate piece 3 also include a groove 8, which is shaped to receive the fixed part 2, specifically the fixing profile 9, which is arranged on the fixed part 2, respectively. is part of the fixed part 2. The groove 8 is made from the outer side of each of the two mirror-symmetric parts of the intermediate piece 3, while it runs parallel to the base of the intermediate piece 3 so that it is not connected to the receiving cavity 10, but is separated from it by the curved part of the intermediate piece 3, which defines the receiving cavity 10 from the given side.

The fixed part 2 includes a fixing profile 9, which in the first exemplary embodiment is realized in the form of two curved protrusions that vertically emerge from the fixed part 2, as

- 7 CZ 309959 B6 shown in Fig. 1 or Fig. 5a. The bending of the individual protrusions of the fixation profile 9 occurs at a certain distance from the fixed part 2, and at this point both protrusions are bent at a right angle so that the ends of both of these protrusions are essentially parallel to the fixed part 2 and point opposite to each other, but mutually they don't touch. The fixation profile 9 in the form of the above-described curved protrusions together with the part of the fixed part 2 defines a cavity providing space for the insertion of the intermediate piece 3. This cavity, when viewed in section according to Fig. 1, has an essentially rectangular shape, however, due to the fact that the ends of both protrusions do not touch, this cavity is open on the side formed by the ends of both protrusions. The individual protrusions of the fixation profile 9 fit into the groove 8 in the intermediate piece 3. Alternatively, the fixation profile 9 can have a different shape if it fits into the groove 8 in the intermediate piece 3. In an advantageous embodiment, the part to be fixed 2 and also the fixation profile 9 are made of plastic .

In the following part, the function of the fastening assembly according to the present invention will be described in more detail, as well as the manipulation required for mounting the fastened part 2 on the fixing element 1 and for matching the mounting tolerances with the help of the intermediate piece 3.

First, an intermediate piece 3 is fixed to the part 2 to be fixed, and in particular, the intermediate piece 3 is placed or pushed onto the fixing profile 9 by the groove 8, which fits into this groove 8 by its shape, as already described above. The fixing profile 9 is thus slidably stored in the groove 8. The insertion of the intermediate piece 3 by the groove 8 onto the fixing profile 9 is carried out in a direction parallel to the protrusions of the first securing element 4 and the second securing element 5, while the protrusions of the first securing element 4, when fitting the intermediate piece 3 onto the fixing the profile 9 of the fixed part 2 moves slidingly in the groove formed between the protrusions of the second securing element 5. The protrusions of the second securing element 5, on the other hand, move slidingly in the groove formed between the protrusions of the first securing element 4.

At this point, it is necessary to point out that in practice it should be ensured that the intermediate piece 3, after being placed on the fixing profile 9 of the fixed part 2, is secured against being pushed out again from the fixing profile 9, which can happen when handling the fixed part 2 during assembly. This can be ensured by a suitable modification of the fixation profile 9, for example as shown in Fig. 5b to Fig. 5e. Fig. 5b shows the fixation profile 9, which on one side, preferably for both protrusions, includes a stop 15. The height of this stop 15 is selected in the embodiment according to Fig. 5b so that it corresponds to the height of the protrusion. Alternatively, the stop 15 is lowered relative to the projection as shown in Fig. 5c. Alternatively, the stopper 15 can be realized differently, if such a design does not prevent the adjustment of the position of the part to be fixed 2 in the direction perpendicular to the protrusions of the second securing element 5.

The above-mentioned stop 15 prevents the sliding movement of the intermediate piece 3 in the fixing profile 9 in one direction. In order to completely prevent the movement of the intermediate piece 3 in the fixing profile 9 in the sense of the sliding movement of the fixing profile 9 in the groove 8 of the intermediate piece 3, it is also necessary to secure the intermediate piece 3 against sliding movement in the opposite direction as well. This can be achieved, for example, by providing the fixed part 2 with a securing element 16, which is arranged in the part of the fixed part 2 between two protrusions of the fixing profile 9, as shown in Fig. 5d. The securing element 16 is implemented as a projection arranged on the part 2 to be fixed, while in the embodiment according to Fig. 5d the projections of the second securing element 5 are not arranged from one side of the fixing profile 9 to the other side of the fixing profile 9, while the securing element 16 is arranged on place where the protrusions of the second securing element 5 are no longer arranged, i.e. on the flat surface of the fixed part 2. Preferably, the securing element 16 is made as a plastic collar. As can be seen in Fig. 5d, the securing element 16 is located near the opposite side of the fixing profile 9 to the side of the fixing profile 9 on which the stops 15 are located. hitting the intermediate piece 3 against the stops 15 and thanks to the elasticity of the material of the intermediate piece 3, the intermediate piece 3 overcomes the safety element 16, while this safety element 16 then prevents it from falling out, or the extension of the intermediate piece 3 from the fixation profile 9. The securing element 16 in the described embodiment is also shown in Fig. 7a and Fig. 7b.

- 8 CZ 309959 B6

In the alternative embodiment according to Fig. 5e, Fig. 8a, Fig. 8b and Fig. 9, the protrusions of the second securing element 5 are also not arranged from one side of the fixation profile 9 to the other side of the fixation profile 9, while the securing element 16 is arranged on the place where the protrusions of the second locking element 5 are no longer arranged, i.e. on the flat surface of the fixed part 2. The locking element 16 is nevertheless located near the side of the fixing profile 9, on which the stops 15 are also located, as can be seen in Fig. 5e . In this alternative embodiment, in addition to preventing the intermediate piece 3 from falling out of the fixing profile 9 to the intermediate piece 3, an additional part 17 is created, which is advantageously implemented as an extension of the base of the intermediate piece 3, as shown in Fig. 9. The fixing profile 9 of the fixed part 2 is also extended , so that the securing element 16 can be made on it in a suitable place, as can be seen in Fig. 8a and Fig. 8b. The mentioned additional part 17 includes an opening which is adapted for the engagement of the securing element 16, thanks to which it is prevented from falling out, or the extension of the intermediate piece 3 from the fixing profile 9. In order to ensure the functionality of the fixing assembly, the height of the opening in the additional part 17 must be higher than the height of the securing element 16, by at least the size of the structural clearance 13.

Subsequently, the fixed part 2 with the intermediate piece 3 already attached is pushed onto the fixation element 1, while the approximate direction of fixation is indicated in Fig. 11a by means of a white arrow. The fixed part 2 is therefore pushed in a direction perpendicular to the axis 1c of the fixing element 1, whereby it is necessary to ensure that the end part 1a of the fixing element 1 is inserted into the receiving cavity 10 of the intermediate piece 3, the profile of which corresponds to the shape of the end part 1a of the fixing element 1, as was also described above. The exact direction of fixation can generally differ from the direction indicated in Fig. 7a by the white arrow, if this is allowed by the spatial arrangement of the fixed part 2 and the part of the body 14 to which the fixed part 2 is fixed. The end part 1a of the fixing element 1 must nevertheless be inserted into the receiving cavity 10 of the intermediate piece 3 from the side of the intermediate piece 3 on which the locking projection 7 is not located and on which the rib 6 has a smaller height. The direction of sliding of the fixed part 2 with the intermediate piece 3 onto the fixing element 1 is also indicated in Fig. 1 by the symbol of a circle with a dot, which shows the direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper and starting from this plane of the paper.

After placing the fixed part 2 with the intermediate piece 3 by the receiving cavity 10 on the fixing element 1, the fixing element 1 is located in the receiving cavity 10. With further pressure on the fixing part 2 in the direction of fixation, which is also indicated by the white arrow in Fig. 6a and Fig. 6b (or also in Fig. 7a to Fig. 8b, as regards the design with a securing element 16 taking into account the prevention of the intermediate piece 3 falling out of the fixing profile 9 of the part 2 to be fastened), the intermediate piece 3 moves relative to the fixing element 1 so that the fixing element 1 performs with respect to the intermediate piece 3 relative sliding movement by the receiving cavity 10, although the fixing element 1 is itself fixed to the body 14 of the vehicle. The relative sliding movement of the fixing element 1 in the receiving cavity 10 generally changes the relative position of the intermediate piece 3 and the fixing element 1, while from the point of view of the function of the fastening assembly according to the present invention, two important relative positions can be defined in particular, i.e. two basic positions of the intermediate piece 3 in relation to the fixing element 1 .

The first position of the intermediate piece 3 in relation to the fixing element 1 is shown in Fig. 6a (or Fig. 7a and Fig. 8a), which shows the fixing element 1, part of the fixing profile 9 of the fixed part 2 and part of the intermediate piece 3, specifically its base, rib 6 and the locking protrusion 7. Other parts of the intermediate piece 3, e.g. the receiving cavity 10, are not shown in Fig. 6a, Fig. 7a and Fig. 8a, as these images are mainly intended to illustrate the mutual position of the end part 1a of the fixing pin 1 and the rib 6 with the locking protrusion 7. In this first position of the intermediate piece 3 relative to the fixation element 1, shown in Fig. 6a (or Fig. 7a and Fig. 8a), the end part 1a of the fixation element 1 is not in contact with the rib 6 or the locking protrusion 7. If in in such a case, the part to be fixed 2 will be pushed in order to move it in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the protrusions of the first securing element 4 or the protrusions of the second securing element 5, as indicated by the white double-sided arrow in Fig. 11b or the black double-sided arrow in Fig. 1, is in this direction, movement of the fixed part 2 with respect to the intermediate piece 3, and consequently also with respect to the fixing element 1, is enabled. In the mentioned first position of the intermediate piece 3 with respect to the fixing element 1, when the pressure in the direction indicated in Fig. 11b is applied to the fixed part 2, the springing of the elastic part occurs of the spacer 3, which results in the mutual distance of the first

- 9 CZ 309959 B6 of the securing element 4 and the second securing element 5, and especially the subsequent re-approaching of the first securing element 4 and the second securing element 5.

Illustratively, the change in the relative position of the first locking element 4 and the second locking element 5 is shown in individual phases in Fig. 10. The top drawing of the five shown in Fig. 10 shows the initial relative position of the intermediate piece 3 and the fastened part 2, which is defined by the engagement of the protrusions of the first locking element 4 into the grooves of the second securing element 5, while at the same time the protrusions of the second securing element 5 are also fitted into the grooves of the first securing element 4.

In Fig. 10, the first securing element 4 and the second securing element 5 are rather schematically indicated, specifically only four protrusions are always shown, although the first securing element 4 and the second securing element 5 in the first exemplary embodiment include 15 protrusions, respectively grooves, as can be seen e.g. in Fig. 3 or Fig. 5a. Alternatively, the number of protrusions or grooves may be different, as well as their dimensions. Finer, narrower protrusions and grooves enable the adjustment of the position of the fixed part 2 in the vertical direction with greater sensitivity. A larger number of equally wide protrusions and grooves in turn leads to a larger area of the base of the intermediate piece 3 being covered, while in the first exemplary embodiment this area is completely covered by the first securing element 4, as can be seen in Fig. 3. This increases the range of movement of the fixed part 2 in the direction perpendicular to the protrusions of the first locking element 4. The maximum range of movement of the fixed part 2 in the direction perpendicular to the protrusions of the first locking element 4 is also limited by the structural clearance 13, which occurs between the intermediate piece 3 and the fixation profile 9 of the fixed part 2. Alternatively, it includes one of the first locking element 4 and the second locking element 5 only one protrusion, which moves in the grooves of a larger number of protrusions on the second of the first locking element 4 and the second locking element 5.

The initial position according to the top drawing in Fig. 10 is the position of the intermediate piece 3 and the fastened part 2, in which the intermediate piece 3 and the fastened part 2 reach after sliding the intermediate piece 3 through the groove 8 onto the fixing profile 9 of the fastened part 2.

The second drawing from the top in Fig. 10 shows the relative position of the intermediate piece 3 and the fixed part 2, in which the protrusions of the first securing element 4 are not completely fitted into the grooves of the second securing element 5 and in which at the same time the protrusions of the second securing element 5 are not completely fitted into the grooves of the first securing element 4. This intermediate position occurs as a result of pressure on the part to be fixed 2, as shown by the white arrow in this second drawing within Fig. 10. If, during assembly, pressure is applied to the part to be fixed 2 in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the protrusions of the first securing element 4 or of the protrusions of the second securing element 5, the fixed part 2 moves in this direction, in such a way that the beveled walls of the protrusions of the second securing element 5 move along the beveled walls of the corresponding protrusions of the first securing element 4. These beveled walls thus correspond to push-off surfaces adapted for mutual push-off of the protrusions of the second locking element 5 from the protrusions of the first locking element 4. The pressure on the fixed part 2 must be exerted with sufficient force to overcome the friction between the protrusions of the first locking element 4 and the second locking element 5. As a result of the above-described pressure on the fixed part, the intermediate piece 3 2 does not move in the same direction as the fixed part 2, however, through the beveled surface of the protrusions of the first securing element 4 and the second securing element 5, the protrusions of the first securing element 4 will move away from the protrusions of the second securing element 5, as shown by the black arrow in the second drawing in Fig. 10.

Thus, the intermediate piece 3 will move away from the fixed part 2, while the maximum distance between the intermediate piece 3 and the fixed part 2 is shown in the third drawing within Fig. 10. As can be seen, the maximum distance between the intermediate piece 3 and the fixed part 2 corresponds to the situation where the vertices are the projections of the second locking element 5 in contact with the peaks of the projections of the first locking element 4. The fourth drawing from the top within Fig. 10 shows the subsequent position in which the peaks of the projections of the second locking element 5 have already overcome the corresponding peaks of the projections of the first locking element 4, whereby the intermediate piece 3 thanks to elasticity of at least part of it returns towards

- 10 CZ 309959 B6 to the fastened part 2. The protrusions of the first securing element 4 gradually fit back into the grooves formed between the protrusions of the second securing element 5, but no longer in the initial position according to the first drawing in Fig. 10, but in the final mutual position of the first securing element 4 and the second securing element 5, which is shown in the fifth drawing in Fig. 10.

If the fixed part 2 is further exerted by pressure in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the protrusions of the first securing element 4 or the protrusions of the second securing element 5, the fastened part 2 and the intermediate piece 3 can be gradually moved by more protrusions in the same way, and thus achieve a more significant change in the relative position of the fastened part 2 and intermediate piece 3, and therefore also changes in the relative position of the part to be fixed 2 and the fixing element 1. In this way, the mounting tolerances of the part to be fixed 2 can be adjusted, as indicated in Fig. 11b by means of a double-sided white arrow. The double-sided white arrow thus indicates that it is possible to change the relative position of the fixed part 2 and the fixing pin 1 in the same way also in the opposite direction. This manipulation is based on the same principle as the manipulation explained in Fig. 10, only the pressure on the part to be fixed 2 would be directed in the opposite direction, and the part to be fixed 2 would not move by one or more protrusions to the right, but to the left, according to Fig. 10.

Changing the relative position of the first securing element 4 and the second securing element 5, as described using Fig. 10, is thus only possible when the intermediate piece 3 is in the first position relative to the fixing element 1, i.e. in the position shown in Fig. 6a, respectively Fig. 7a or Fig. 8a, where the end part 1a of the fixing element 1 is not in contact with the rib 6 or the locking protrusion 7.

The second position of the intermediate piece 3 in relation to the fixation element 1 is shown in Fig. 6b (or Fig. 7b and Fig. 8b), which, similarly to Fig. 6a, shows the fixation element 1, part of the fixed part 2 and part of the intermediate piece 3, specifically its base, rib 6 and locking lug 7. Other parts of intermediate piece 3, e.g. receiving cavity 10, are not shown in Fig. 6b, as Fig. 6b is primarily intended to illustrate the mutual position of end part 1a of fixing pin 1 and rib 6 with locking lug 7. In this in the second position of the intermediate piece 3 with respect to the fixing element 1, the end part 1a of the fixing element 1 is in contact with the rib 6, and this, in addition, in such a way that the locking projection 7 fits into the locking cavity 1b made in the end part 1a of the fixing element 1. Fitting the locking projection 7 into the locking of the cavity 1b is made possible due to the flexibility of the material of the intermediate piece 3, typically plastic, and also due to the clearances within the fastening assembly, mainly due to the clearance that is defined between the end part 1a of the fixation element 1 and the receiving cavity 10 of the intermediate piece 3 during the movement of the intermediate piece 3 relative to the fixing element 1 After approaching the described second position of the intermediate piece 3 with respect to the fixing element 1, the elements of the fastening assembly spring up and the locking collar 7 fits into the locking cavity 1b. For a reliable function, it is advisable in practice to adjust the height of the safety protrusion 7 with regard to the mentioned clearances and flexibility of the individual parts.

By fitting the locking protrusion 7 into the locking cavity 1b in the end part 1a of the fixing element 1, it is ensured that by further applying force to the fixed part 2 with the intermediate piece 3 in the direction of assembly, which is shown by the white arrow in Fig. 6b, Fig. 7b or Fig. 8b , there is no further relative sliding movement of the fixing element 1 in the receiving cavity 10. Above all, in this position, the above-mentioned subsequent approach of the first locking element 4 and the second locking element 5 is not possible, as the necessary springing of the part of the intermediate piece 3 is prevented. thus not even changing the relative position of the first locking element 4 and the second locking element 5, as shown in Fig. 10. The position of the fixed part 2 is thus fixed with respect to the intermediate piece 3, and thus also with respect to the fixing element 1, while this position of the fixed part 2 corresponds to its resulting fixed position. In an alternative embodiment, the rib 6 has a different shape, e.g. it is not beveled, if this design ensures reliable prevention of springing of the intermediate piece 3 and distance of the protrusions of the first securing element 4 from the protrusions of the second securing element 5. In order to be able to align the position of the fastened part 2 with respect to the fixing element again 1, it is necessary to move the intermediate piece 3 with the fixed part 2 from the second position back to the first position of the intermediate piece 3 with respect to the fixing element 1. After matching the tolerance in this position, this adjusted position of the fixed part 2 can then be fixed by moving the intermediate piece 3 with the fixed part 2 to the second position of the intermediate piece 3 to the fixing element 1.

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In an alternative embodiment, the intermediate piece 3 is not implemented as one integral part, part of which would be flexible, while it is implemented in such a way that it includes a first inelastic part of the intermediate piece 3 and a second inelastic part of the intermediate piece 3, which is connected to the first part elastically, e.g. by means of a spring, foam part or other flexible element. This flexible element is adapted to exert a force on the first locking element 4 towards the second locking element 5, and thus enables the protrusions of the first locking element 4 to fit into the corresponding groove between the protrusions of the second locking element 5, if the part to be fastened 2 is pressed as it is shown by the white arrow in the second drawing from the top in Fig. 10.

The protrusions of the first securing element 4 and the second securing element 5 may in alternative designs have a cross-section other than triangular, e.g. they may be rounded or otherwise shaped, if this shape enables the first securing element 4 and the second securing element 5 to push off each other, i.e. if they include impression surfaces identical or similar to impression surfaces of beveled walls according to the first exemplary embodiment.

In the first exemplary embodiment, the fixed part 2 is realized as a part of the rear group lamp, while the fixing element 1 is fixed to the body 14, which is realized in a shape corresponding to the rear group lamp. The fixed part 2, i.e. the rear group lamp, is nevertheless shown simply in Fig. 11a to Fig. 11c as a flat part, which can represent, for example, the rear side of the lamp. However, in alternative embodiments, the fastened part 2 can be any other part, typically a plastic body, which needs to be attached to the fixing element 1.

Industrial applicability

The solution of the fastening assembly described above can be used to fasten the rear group lamp or another part of the vehicle to the fixation pin or mandrel.

Claims (8)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. A fastening assembly comprising a fixing element (1) with a longitudinal axis (1c) of the fixing element (1), a fixed part (2) and an intermediate piece (3), wherein the fixing assembly is adapted to compensate for the mounting tolerances of the fixed part (2) in the perpendicular direction to the longitudinal axis (1c) of the fixing element (1), while the intermediate piece (3) is connected to the fixing element (1) and to the fixed part (2), characterized in that the intermediate piece (3) includes the first securing element (4) and the fixed part (2) includes a second securing element (5), wherein one of the first securing element (4) and the second securing element (5) is adapted to fit into the other of the first securing element (4) and the second securing element (5), wherein at least a part of the intermediate piece (3) is flexible and adapted to exert force on the first locking element (4) in the direction of the second locking element (5), whereby to compensate for the assembly tolerances, the first locking element (4) and the second locking element (5) are mutually movable in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (1c) of the fixing element (1). 2. The fastening assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the first securing element (4) and the second securing element (5) includes a set of equidistantly spaced equally shaped projections. 3. Fastening assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that each projection on at least one of the pair of securing elements (4, 5) including the first securing element (4) and the second securing element (5) includes a push-off surface adapted to push off the rest of the pair securing elements (4, 5) comprising a first securing element (4) and a second securing element (5). 4. Fastening assembly according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the protrusions have a triangular cross-section. 5. Fastening assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fixing element (1) includes an end part (1a) and the intermediate piece (3) includes a locking projection (7), wherein the locking projection (7) is adapted to fit into the end part (1a) of the fixing element (1). 6. Fastening assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that the intermediate piece (3) includes a rib (6), while the securing protrusion (7) is arranged on this rib (6). 7. Fastening assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the intermediate piece (3) includes a groove (8) and the part to be fixed (2) includes a fixing profile (9), while the fixing profile (9) is slidably placed in the groove (8) ). 8. Fastening assembly according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the intermediate piece (3) is realized as one integral part.