CZ308381B6 - Aeration and oxygenation equipment, in particular for fishing vats - Google Patents

Abstract

Aeration and oxygenation equipment, especially for fishing vats (2), can aerate and oxygenate water in the fishing vat (2) without heavy weights and any restrictions on fishing. A special thin-walled aeration insert (1) with oxygenation is placed in the fishing vat (2), which is not self-supporting, but copies the walls (12) and bottom (11) of the fishing vat (2). Below the bottom (13) of the aeration insert (1) with oxygenation there are two distribution aeration rings (3, 3´) and one distribution oxygenation ring (4) in the central part. The bottom (13) of the aeration insert (1) with oxygenation is perforated above the distribution aeration rings (3, 3´) and the distribution oxygenation ring (4) perforated by aeration holes (16) and oxygenation holes (17), through which air and oxygen bubbles escape into the fishing vat (2). The compressed air supply (5) and the compressed oxygen supply (6) to the aeration distribution rings (3, 3´) and to the oxygenation distribution ring (4) go under separate pipes under the bottom (13) of the aeration insert (1).

Description

Aeration and oxygenation equipment, in particular for fishing vats

Field of technology

The invention relates to the field of fisheries, in particular to aeration and oxygenation equipment, in particular for fishing vats.

Prior art

Fishing vats are used for short-term storage of fish, most often when catching a pond or sorting fish in ponds. They are also widely used in the sale of fish, typically at Christmas. In general, the conditions in the vats for fish are quite demanding. They are characterized by relatively high fish biomass, which usually means stress and lack of oxygen. Lack of oxygen is dangerous for fish, at the same time as the increase in carbon dioxide, which is a product of fish respiration and the decomposition of organic matter, is associated with changes in water pH values. From the point of view of fish welfare, ie the preservation of basic living conditions, well-being and health of animals and their protection against negative factors that can endanger their health, cause them pain, suffering and psychological damage, one-day catches of smaller ponds are the most problematic. There, during the harvest, there is a more significant deterioration of the water quality in the fish vats, especially with an increase in turbidity and a decrease in oxygen content. In the morning before fishing, the vats are filled with fresh clean water from the fishery. During the actual catch, however, there is a need to replenish or change the water in the vat with regard to replenishment of losses in the volume of water displaced by fish biomass, respectively. ensuring sufficient oxygen. However, the water in the fishery is already quite polluted with undissolved substances and poor in oxygen. This can ultimately make the situation in the tub worse. The main fish, ie carp, is somewhat more resistant to this condition, in addition, it usually does not stay long in the vats, as it is quickly loaded onto the car and taken away from the pond. In this respect, however, the most endangered are additional fish species, such as smaller carp, tench, grass carp, perch, perch, catfish, white fish, etc., respectively. those fish which are less when fishing in the pond and have to wait longer in the vats before it can be removed from the pond.

Fish use oxygen dissolved in water to breathe, through the gills it is absorbed into the blood. At the optimum value of dissolved oxygen, fish thrive, grow well and are in very good condition. The oxygen content in the water depends on the water temperature, so the so-called oxygen saturation is monitored, which is given in percent. Saturation should be higher than 50%. When enriching water with oxygen, it is advisable to use an aeration device that produces bubbles so that they cover a distance of 30 cm in 1 second. When this condition is met, 50% of the oxygen content is dissolved in the water.

In aquaculture, blowers, air pumps and compressors are used according to the required pressure and volume of supplied air. In order for aeration or aeration to be effective, the air source must overcome the hydrostatic water pressure of about 125 mm Hg, which is caused by the water pressure in the tank, friction in the air duct and the aeration device. Furthermore, it is possible to use aeration on the inflow of water into the tank with various spray nozzles or injectors based on the Venturi tube principle. To increase the oxygen content in the water, special devices can be used, so-called oxygenators, which produce air with a higher oxygen content or oxygen with 80 to 90% purity. Oxygenators are commonly used in professional facilities, even though their acquisition costs are high, but their operation is more economical in the long run than oxygen cylinders or a liquid oxygen reservoir. Compressed oxygen in cylinders is used for irregular consumption and as a backup source. The principles of safe storage and use must be observed when using oxygen. Liquid oxygen evaporates over time.

Fishermen try to maintain suitable conditions for fish in vats by exchanging water in the vats, pouring water in the vats, or by aeration or oxygenation. Injection is set up on larger ponds

- 1 CZ 308381 B6 fresh clean water in the vats, which regularly replenishes and changes the water in the vats. However, this is problematic for smaller ponds, where a suitable source of clean water is not available during fishing. Sometimes an aeration hose or an oxygenation hose is also inserted into the vats during fishing. In order for the aeration hose not to float on its own, it must be sufficiently loaded. However, this limits the catching of fish by the carp and also risks the mechanical damage to the fish by reinforcement and load. In addition, the hose and the load in the vat are easily obstructed.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide such an aeration and oxygenation device, in particular for fishing vats, which eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks, ensures an active supply of air and oxygen to the water in the fishing vats and at the same time allows water mixing. without much difficulty to install in any fishing tub of any shape and size that fishermen already use today.

The essence of the invention

The stated object is solved by means of an aeration and oxygenation device, in particular for the fishing vats according to the invention. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the aeration and oxygenation device consists of a thin-walled aeration insert with oxygenation, a compressed air supply and a compressed oxygen supply connected to the aeration insert with oxygenation. The aeration insert with oxygenation is not self-supporting, but has a shape corresponding to the inner surface of the tub, thus copying the walls and bottom of the fishing tub, adapted to be inserted into the tub and additionally provided with fastening means for fastening to the edge of the tub. The aeration liner with oxygenation consists of a bottom which is perforated with aeration holes and oxygenation holes through which air and oxygen bubbles escape into the space of the fishing vat, and a shell connected to the bottom shaped to abut the inner surface of the vat. Below the bottom of the aeration insert with oxygenation, at least one distribution aeration ring with aeration pores connected to the compressed air supply through which air passes and at least one distribution oxygenation ring with oxygenation pores connected to the compressed oxygen supply are arranged. In addition to the aeration and oxygenation equipment, the compressed air supply is connected to the central air distribution from the blower or compressor and the pressurized oxygen supply is connected to the oxygen bomb. After connecting the blower and the oxygen bomb, the water in the fishing vat moves, when in the central part of the fishing vat the air and water rise to the surface and the perimeter of the fishing vat near the walls sinks again. It is the immersion of water around the perimeter of the vat that goes against the flow of fine bubbles of oxygen. As a result, their rise to the surface will be slowed down, and thus oxygen will be used better. Aeration in a fishing vat serves primarily to move the water in the fishing vat, secondarily it supplies oxygen from the air and thus the water in the fishing vat is enriched with oxygen. In contrast, the released liquid oxygen saturates the water with oxygen much more effectively. Thanks to the combination of aeration and oxygenation in the fishing vat, the oxygen content is higher and evenly distributed throughout the fishing vat. In addition, the aeration and oxygenation equipment does not restrict the movement of fish in the fishing tub, nor their catching in a fishing gear or other fishing gear, as it is located below the second day, ie the bottom of the aeration pad with oxygenation. The floating of the aeration insert with oxygenation does not prevent the load, but its fixation at the edge of the vat.

In a preferred embodiment, the compressed air supply and / or the pressurized oxygen supply are arranged on the outside of the casing, i.e. in the space between the outside of the casing of the oxygenation aeration pad and the inner surface of the fishing tub. In another preferred arrangement, the compressed air supply and / or the pressurized oxygen supply are integrated in the housing, e.g. in a joint or weld of the housing.

The construction of the casing of the aeration pad with oxygenation can in a preferred arrangement be minimally reduced to three strips which are connected at the bottom by the bottom of the aeration pad with oxygenation and are arranged on 20 to 50% of the circumference of the bottom of the aeration pad. In another preferred arrangement, the construction of the oxygenation liner shell may be formed by a single strip forming a cylinder or cone arranged around the entire circumference of the bottom of the aeration liner. The bottom and shell of the oxygenation liner therefore cover the entire inner surface of the fishing tub.

-2 CZ 308381 B6

The bottom of the aeration insert with oxygenation is preferably formed in the shape of a circle. The distribution aeration ring is preferably formed in the shape of a circle with aeration pores with a diameter of 0.8 and 0.9 mm for the penetration of air into the aeration openings of the aeration insert with oxygenation, respectively. into the interior of the fishing vat, and is located at the bottom of the fishing vat. The distribution aeration ring can be porous, thus permeable to air throughout its profile. The distribution oxygenation ring is also in the shape of a circle with oxygenation pores with a diameter of 0.05 to 0.2 mm in the number of 10 pieces per 1 cm for the penetration of oxygen into the oxygenation holes. The distribution aeration ring and the distribution oxygenation ring are located below the bottom of the aeration insert with oxygenation. Below the annular bottom, in a central embodiment, two distribution aeration rings and one distribution oxygenation ring with different diameters are arranged in a circle in a central part, where the first distribution ring has a diameter r 1 and the second distribution ring has a diameter Γ 2 and the distribution oxygen ring has a diameter Γ 3, <Γ2 <Γ3. The bottom of the aeration pad with oxygenation can also be square for placement in a square fishing tub, so the distribution aeration rings and the distribution oxygenation ring can be in the shape of a square or rectangle. The compressed air supply and the compressed oxygen supply are equipped with valves for regulating the volume of flowing air and oxygen into the inner space of the fishing tub.

The fastening means are preferably formed as a hem of the casing for folding over the edge of the fishing tub around its circumference, or at least in three places by a rubber fabric or tape or rope with so-called rubber band properties for attaching the aeration pad to the fixing means formed on the fishing tub. It is also possible to fix the casing to the fishing tub by means of pins or protrusions or mandrels through small holes with a diameter of 5 to 25 mm in the casing and the fishing tub immediately below their upper edge.

The aeration insert with oxygenation is made of a lightweight material that holds the intended shape, preferably polypropylene, laminate, carbon composites, or other lightweight and non-corrosive material.

The bottom of the aeration insert with oxygenation is reinforced by an assembly of supports formed as ribs star-shaped or circularly arranged with a rib height of 2 to 6 cm, the ribs having through holes for passage of distribution aeration ring and distribution oxygenation ring, or distribution aeration ring and distribution oxygenation ring. fixed to circular ribs. This does not lighten the distribution aeration ring or the distribution oxygenation ring, resp. the bottom of the aeration pad.

During the operation of the aeration insert with oxygenation, the air stream will raise the water to the surface in the middle part of the fishing tub, which will in turn rotate back to the bottom of the aeration insert with oxygenation. Conversely, fine oxygen bubbles will rise around the perimeter of the walls of the fishing tub against the flow of water. Thanks to this, the water in the fishing vat will be actively oxygenated and mixed at the same time. If the use of an aeration pad with both aeration and oxygenation is not necessary, the fishing tub can operate as standard without it and without any restrictions. The great advantage of the aeration pad is the fact that it can be easily installed on commonly used types of fishing vats. It is therefore not necessary to buy new vats to put it into operation.

The advantages of the aeration and oxygenation equipment, especially for fishing vats, according to the invention are in particular that it provides active oxygenation of the water in the fishing vats and agitation of the water in the vat, and can be installed in any fishing vat of any shape and size without much difficulty. . The inner space of the fishing tub with the aeration liner with oxygenation according to the invention is smooth and free, it is not limited by hoses and weights. Everything essential is located under the bottom of the aeration pad with oxygenation, resp. in or behind the aeration insert housing.

Explanation of drawings

The present invention will be further elucidated in the following figures, where:

Fig. 1 shows a top view of an aeration and oxygenation device, Fig. 2 shows a top view of an aeration insert with oxygenation, Fig. 3 shows a section AA of an aeration and oxygenation device, Fig. 4 shows a section BB of an aeration and oxygenation device Fig. 5 shows a view of an aeration and oxygenation device with three sheath strips.

Example of an embodiment of the invention

The principle of the aeration and oxygenation device, especially for fishing vats 2, is that an aeration insert 1 with oxygenation made of a thin material, in this case polypropylene or PP with a width of 5 mm, is placed in the fishing vat 2, which is as close as possible to the inner walls 12 vat 2. In another exemplary embodiment, the oxygenation aeration pad 1 may be formed of a laminate or a carbon composite. The construction of the aeration insert 1 with oxygenation is not self-supporting to the water, it fully rests on the bottom 11 of the fishing vat 2 and the wall 12 of the fishing vat 2, thanks to which it is constructed economically and cheaply. The circular bottom 13 of the aeration pad 1 with oxygenation is about 5 cm above the bottom 11 of the fishing tub 2. In another exemplary embodiment, the bottom of the aeration pad 1 with oxygenation may be square, provided that the bottom 11 of the fishing tub 2 is square. The space between the bottom 11 of the fishing tub 2 and the bottom 13 of the aeration pad 1 with oxygenation is filled by an assembly 9 of supports formed as star-shaped ribs located below the bottom 13 of the aeration pad 1 with oxygenation, as shown in Fig. 2. 1 with oxygenation will be stretched in its central part through the through holes in the ribs into the ring of the aeration hose representing the distribution aeration rings 3, 3 'and the distribution oxygenation ring 4. In this exemplary embodiment there are two distribution aeration rings 3, 3' and one distribution oxygenation ring 4, as shown in Fig. 1. Distribution aeration rings 3, 3 'and distribution oxygenation ring 4 have different diameters, smaller first distribution aeration ring 3 has a diameter ri = 30 cm, larger second distribution aeration ring 3' has a diameter Γ2 = 70 cm and the oxygen distribution ring 4 has a diameter Γ3 = 90 cm. In another exemplary embodiment not shown, there may be several distribution aeration rings 3, 3 ', three, or even only one, as well as a higher number of oxygen distribution rings 4, depending on the size of the fishing vat 2. Each aeration distribution ring 3 , 3 'has aeration pores with a diameter of 0.8 to 0.9 mm for the penetration of air into the aeration openings 16 and the distribution oxygenation ring 4 has oxygenation micropores with a diameter of 0.12 mm in the number of 10 pieces per 1 cm for the penetration of oxygen into the oxygenation openings. 17.

The bottom 13 of the aeration insert 1 with oxygenation above the distribution aeration rings 3, 3 'will be opened in the form of narrow slots of the aeration holes 16 through which air will escape from the micropores in the distribution aeration rings 3, 3' to the surface and in the form of oxygen holes 17, through which will escape oxygen from the micropores in the distribution oxygenation rings 4. The compressed air supply 5 to the distribution aeration rings 3, 3 'and the compressed oxygen supply 6 to the distribution oxygenation ring 4 under the bottom 13 of the aeration insert 1 with oxygenation will be specifically arranged and pass under the jacket 14 and the bottom 13 of the aeration insert 1 with oxygenation into the distribution aeration rings 3, 3 'and the distribution oxygenation ring 4, as shown in Fig. 3. The compressed air supply 5 and the pressurized oxygen supply 6 are fed to the fishing vat 2 separately. In another exemplary embodiment, the compressed air supply 5 is integrated into the housing 14 of the oxygenation aeration insert 1 such that the side walls of the oxygenation aeration insert 1 forming the oxygenation insert 1 of the aeration insert 1 are connected or welded via a thin tube in which or by means of which air will be supplied from the central distribution hose outside the fishing vat 2 to the bottom space 11 of the fishing vat 2. The compressed air inlet 5 is thus specifically led out through a pipe which connects the walls, i.e. the shell 14 of the aeration pad 1 with oxygenation. The aim is to ensure that no hoses or elements of the compressed air inlet 5 or inlet 6 obstruct the space of the fishing tub 2.

-4 CZ 308381 B6 pressurized oxygen. Casing 14 of aeration insert 1 with oxygenation, resp. walls 12 of the fishing tub 2, as well as the bottom 13 of the aeration insert 1 with oxygenation, resp. the bottom 11 of the fishing tub 2 must be smooth, not damaging the fish and allow them to be caught in a bag or jacket without any problems. The height of the side wall of the casing 14 of the aeration insert 1 with oxygenation will be at the level of the edge of the fishing tub 2.

Spontaneous leaching of the aeration insert 1 with oxygenation will be prevented by means of fastening means 7, in particular by means of at least three flat rubber ropes 10, so-called rubber bands, as shown in Fig. 4. the other side of the fastening means 7 is attached over the edge of the fishing vat 2 below its outer edge to the fixing means 8 on the fishing vat 2, ideally on a rubber cube for offsetting the fishing vats 2 during storage and transport. This prevents spontaneous leaching of the aeration pad 1. Of course, it is also possible to fix the aeration pad 1 with oxygenation to the fishing tub 2, e.g. using thorns. The shape of the aeration pad 1 with oxygenation copies the shape of the fishing tub 2, so it can also be square.

The construction of the aeration insert 1 with oxygenation can be minimally reduced to three strips or belts 15, which will be connected in the lower part by the bottom 13 of the aeration insert 1 with oxygenation, and a compressed air supply 5 to the distribution aeration ring will be led in the protective tube 3, 3 'below the bottom 13 of the aeration insert 1 and on the side of the second strip 15, a supply 6 of pressurized oxygen will be led in the protective tube to the oxygen distribution ring 4 below the bottom 13 of the aeration insert 1 with oxygenation. In its upper part, the strips 15 will be fixed to the fishing tub 2, as shown in Fig. 5. The strips 15 are arranged on 30% of the circumference of the circular bottom 13 of the aeration insert 1 with oxygenation.

Industrial applicability

Aeration and oxygenation equipment, especially for fishing vats, can be used in any known and used fishing vats, especially suitable for the most common standard laminate and polypropylene vats, which have one plane of inclination of the side wall, especially in aquaculture when catching fish, their sorting or sale. Wherever it is necessary to store a large number of fish or other aquaculture animals for a short period of time and to provide them with adequate living conditions, especially sufficient oxygen. It will find its application both in the Czech Republic and in the surrounding countries of Central and Eastern Europe with widespread pond aquaculture. However, this facility can be interesting for developed aquaculture in North America, respectively. much simpler aquaculture in Asia or Africa, where the oxygen deficit in handling fish or crustaceans is also problematic due to higher temperatures and water quality.

Claims (11)

PATENT CLAIMS Aeration and oxygenation device, in particular for fishing vats (2), characterized in that it consists of an aeration insert (1) with oxygenation, a compressed air supply (5) and a pressurized oxygen supply (6) connected to the aeration insert (1) with oxygenation, and further that the oxygenation aeration insert (1) has a shape corresponding to the inner surface of the vat (2), is adapted to be inserted into the vat (2) and is provided with fastening means (7) for fastening to the edge of the vat (2), and this aeration insert (1) with oxygenation consists of a bottom (13) with aeration openings (16) and oxygenation openings (17) and a shell (14) connected to the bottom (13) shaped to abut the inner surface of the vat (2), below the bottom (13) there is arranged at least one distribution aeration ring (3) with aeration pores connected to the compressed air supply (5) and at least one distribution oxygenation ring (4) with oxygenation pores connected to the compressed oxygen supply (6). -5 CZ 308381 B6 Aeration device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the compressed air supply (5) and / or the compressed oxygen supply (6) are arranged on the outside of the housing (14). Aeration device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the compressed air supply (5) and / or the compressed oxygen supply (6) are integrated in the housing (14). Aeration device according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the housing (14) is formed by three strips (15) arranged on 20 to 50% of the circumference of the bottom (13) of the aeration insert (1). Aeration device according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the housing (14) is formed by a single strip (15) forming a cylinder or truncated cone arranged around the entire circumference of the bottom (13) of the aeration insert (1). Aeration device according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the bottom (13) of the oxygenation aeration insert (1) is circular in shape. Aeration device according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the distribution aeration ring (3) is in the shape of a circle with aeration pores with a diameter of 0.8 to 0.9 mm for the penetration of air into the aeration openings (16). the distribution oxygenation ring (4) is in the shape of a circle with oxygenation pores with a diameter of 0.05 to 0.2 mm in the number of 10 pieces per 1 cm for oxygen penetration into the oxygenation holes (17) and are placed above the bottom (11) of the fishing vat ( 2). Aeration device according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that two distribution aeration rings (3, 3 ') and one distribution oxygenation ring (4) with different diameters are arranged below the circular bottom (13), where the first distribution the ring (3) has a diameter n, the second distribution ring (3 ') has a diameter r ₂ and the oxygenation distribution ring (4) has a diameter r ₃ , where Π <r ₂ <r ₃ . Aeration device according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the fastening means (7) are designed as a hem of the casing (14) for folding over the edge of the fishing tub (2) around its circumference or at least in three places by means of a rubber cloth. or a tape or rubber rope (10) for attaching the oxygenation aeration pad (1) to the fishing tub (2). Aeration device according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the oxygenation aeration insert (1) is made of polypropylene or a laminate or a carbon composite. Aeration device according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the bottom (13) of the oxygenation aeration insert (1) is reinforced by a support assembly (9) designed as ribs star-shaped centralized with a rib height of 2 to 6 cm, the ribs have through holes for the passage of the distribution aeration ring (3, 3 ') and the distribution oxygenation ring (4).