CZ308286B6 - Ground exhaust vehicle engine cooling assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

The engine exhaust manifold cooling assembly includes a cylinder head (1) with a cylinder head flange (16), an exhaust manifold (2), and a catalyst (3). The first end of the exhaust manifold (2) is connected to the cylinder head flange (16) and the second end to the catalyst (3). The cylinder head flange (16) contains at least one coolant inlet port (9) connected to a central engine cooling system, at least one coolant outlet port (10) connected to a central engine cooling system, and an exhaust gas outlet (12) connected to the engine exhaust system . The exhaust manifold (2) includes an exhaust manifold housing (6) with at least one exhaust manifold cooling channel (17). The first end of the exhaust manifold (2) has at least one exhaust manifold inlet (18) connected to the exhaust manifold cooling channels (17), at least one exhaust manifold outlet aperture (19) connected to the exhaust manifold cooling channels (17) of the downpipe, and at least one exhaust opening (21) of the exhaust manifold. The first end of the exhaust manifold (2) is attached to the cylinder head flange (16) so that the exhaust manifold inlet (18) is attached to the coolant inlet (9). The exhaust opening (19) is attached to the coolant drain (10), and the exhaust port (21) is attached to the cylinder head exhaust (12).

Description

Land Vehicle Engine Exhaust Cooling Assembly

Field of technology

The present invention relates to the field of after-exhaust cooling between the cylinder head and the catalytic converter in order to reduce internal fuel cooling and consequently reduce consumption and emissions.

Prior art

An integral part of most motor vehicles is a reciprocating internal combustion engine, which performs the function of a propulsion unit by converting part of the internal energy of the fuel into kinetic energy and heat. This is achieved by expanding the gas produced by the combustion of the fuel in the cylinder space. When the fuel burns, exhaust gases are generated, which must be discharged from the cylinder space. The exhaust system is designed for this. It discharges the exhaust gases through the exhaust valves to the exhaust outlet, through which the exhaust gases are further discharged to the catalyst, where the harmful substances are converted into less toxic ones by means of a redox reaction. In order to ensure the correct function of the catalyst, its temperature, and thus also the temperature of the exhaust gases flowing into it, must not be too high, which is a significant problem in today's internal combustion engines due to the large amount of waste heat generated by fuel combustion.

In older car models, the catalytic converter was located at a greater distance from the engine, mostly in the middle of the vehicle chassis, which eliminated the need for exhaust gas cooling for the catalytic converter to function properly with a long exhaust pipe. However, in some car models it is not possible to achieve this from a constructional point of view, therefore the catalytic converter is located in the engine compartment, i.e. in the immediate vicinity of the internal combustion engine.

In the current state of the art, circulating coolants in the engine are used to cool the exhaust gases so that part of the exhaust pipes are built into the cylinder head, thus sharing a cooling system with the engine. This solution does not achieve the required efficiency, so the internal fuel cooling is used as additional cooling, where at higher engine load the mixture is injected into the cylinders richer in fuel, while excess fuel is not used for propulsion, but for cooling exhaust gases after leaving the cylinders, which is still inefficient, uneconomical in vehicle operation and counterproductive in reducing emissions, and also encounters legislative restrictions.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,638,632 discloses an exhaust and exhaust gas cooling system in which ambient air is circulated so that there is a sleeve around the exhaust pipe where air is blown into the space between the exhaust pipe and the sleeve due to its aerodynamics. The efficiency of this cooling depends directly on the speed of movement of the vehicle, so if it is stopped, the efficiency is zero.

U.S. Pat. No. 5,788,547 discloses a system for cooling the exhaust pipe and exhaust gases of a water scooter with water, which is pumped from a water surface along which the scooter moves and circulates around the exhaust pipe. Applying this solution is, of course, impossible in the case of a car.

U.S. Pat. No. 6,141,958 discloses an exhaust gas cooling system in an exhaust pipe running along the sides of an automobile. This solution is advantageous only as a way of protecting the cabin and crew from the heat emanating from the exhaust pipe and functions as a shield rather than an effective cooling.

U.S. Pat. No. 20120198841 discloses an exhaust gas cooling system

- 1 CZ 308286 B6 flowing through the exhaust pipes by means of a fluid flowing through an external cooling system. This system can be connected to the engine cooling system, but by means of an external pipe connected directly to the radiator, which is difficult, expensive and complicated in terms of construction. In addition, the portion of the piping described in this patent that is cooled is now commonly incorporated in the cylinder head and cooled by the engine cooling system.

The essence of the invention

The above shortcomings are somewhat eliminated by the land vehicle engine exhaust cooling assembly. The essence of the advantage is that the exhaust after-cooling system comprising a cylinder head with a cylinder head flange, an exhaust pipe and a catalytic converter, wherein the exhaust pipe is connected at its first end to the cylinder head flange and connected to the catalytic converter at its second end, characterized in that the flange the cylinder head inlet comprises at least one cylinder head inlet connected to the central engine cooling system, at least one cylinder head outlet connected to the central engine cooling system and a cylinder head exhaust connected to the engine exhaust system, the exhaust manifold comprising an exhaust manifold provided with at least one cooling the first end of the exhaust duct is provided with at least one exhaust inlet opening connected to the exhaust exhaust cooling ducts, at least one exhaust outlet opening connected to the exhaust duct. m to the exhaust duct cooling ducts and at least one exhaust duct, the exhaust duct being attached at its first end to the cylinder head flange such that the exhaust inlet is fixed to the cylinder head inlet, the exhaust outlet is attached to the outlet the cylinder head and the exhaust manifold are attached to the cylinder head exhaust. This ensures the flow of coolant up to the catalytic converter, so that the exhaust gases are sufficiently cooled for its safe and efficient operation.

Preferably, the cylinder head flange is connected to the first end of the exhaust manifold via a seal such that the cylinder head flange abuts a seal comprising at least one seal inlet, at least one seal outlet and at least one seal outlet, and an exhaust outlet. with its first end abuts the seal so that the cylinder head inlet rests on the seal inlet, the cylinder head outlet rests on the seal outlet, the cylinder head outlet rests on the seal outlet, and at the same time the seal inlet rests on the exhaust inlet 18. outlet, the outlet of the seal abuts the outlet of the exhaust and the exhaust of the seal abuts the exhaust of the outlet. This ensures that the connection between the cylinder head flange and the exhaust manifold is sealed, so that the coolant does not escape at the connection between the cylinder head and the exhaust manifold as it flows from the cylinder head to the exhaust manifold.

Preferably, the cylinder head flange includes four cylinder head inlets and two cylinder head outlets, the seal includes four seal inlets and two seal outlets, and the exhaust manifold includes four exhaust inlets and two exhaust outlets.

Explanation of drawings

The essence of the invention is further elucidated on the basis of examples of its embodiment, which are described with the aid of the accompanying drawings, where:

Giant. 1 shows the passage of exhaust gases through the exhaust pipe from the cylinder head to the catalyst without additional cooling of the exhaust pipe

Giant. 2 shows the passage of exhaust gases through the exhaust pipe from the cylinder head to

-2GB 308286 B6 catalytic converter with exhaust manifold aftercooling assembly

Giant. 3 is an isometric view of the cylinder head and the exhaust after-exhaust cooling flange

Giant. 4 shows the seal of the exhaust after-cooling assembly

Giant. 5 is a cross-sectional side view of the exhaust exhaust aftercooling assembly and illustrating the direction of coolant flow

Giant. 6 is a cross-sectional plan view of the exhaust aftercooling assembly and illustrating the direction of coolant flow

Giant. 7 is an isometric view of an exhaust manifold aftercooling assembly without a cylinder head and showing the direction of coolant flow

Giant. 8 shows the contact surface of the exhaust manifold housing with the seal of the exhaust after-cooling assembly

Giant. 9 is an isometric view of the exhaust manifold

Giant. 10 is a schematic side view of the coolant inflow and outflow point and its trajectory

Giant. 11 is a schematic top view of the coolant trajectory in the cylinder head and around the exhaust manifold

Examples of embodiments of the invention

In the first exemplary embodiment, we have a motor vehicle that uses the combustion of a mixture of fuel and air in the engine cylinders to convert it into mechanical energy. Exhaust gases are formed during the combustion of the mixture. These gases are discharged through the engine exhaust system to the catalytic converter 3, where the exhaust gases are converted into less toxic substances, see Fig. 1.

In order to achieve the desired efficiency of the catalyst 3, it is necessary that the ideal mixture of fuel and air is burned in the cylinders, so that only exhaust gases, no fuel enters the exhaust system, and that the temperature of the exhaust gases does not exceed a certain value. The ideal exhaust gas temperature for proper operation of Catalyst 3 is around 400 ° C.

This is achieved by the exhaust pipe 2 leading from the cylinder head 1 to the catalytic converter 3 being further connected to the engine cooling system, thus exploiting the full potential of the cooling system, so that the exhaust gases are sufficiently cooled and internal fuel cooling is not required, reducing fuel consumption. fuels and harmful gas emissions, see Figure 2.

There is a cylinder head flange 16 on the cylinder head 1. On this cylinder head flange 16 there are five cylinder head screw holes 11, four coolant inlet holes 9, two coolant outlet holes 10 and a flue gas exhaust hole 12, see Fig. 3. There must always be at least one coolant inlet port 9, at least one coolant outlet port 10 and at least one flue gas outlet port 12. A seal 4 is connected to the cylinder head flange 16. On this seal 4 there are five screw holes 13 of the seal, four inlet holes 7 of the seal, two outlet holes 8 of the seal and an exhaust hole 14 of the seal, see Fig. 4. find at least one seal inlet 7, at least one seal outlet 8 and at least one seal outlet 14. An exhaust pipe 2 is connected to the seal 4 with its first end, see Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7. Part of the exhaust pipe 2 is the casing 6 of the exhaust pipe, under which the cooling ducts 17 of the exhaust pipe are located. This

-3 CZ 308286 B6 the exhaust pipe 2 can be made, for example, as a cast iron casting. At the first end of the exhaust pipe 2 there are further five screw holes 15 of the exhaust pipe, an exhaust hole 21 of the exhaust pipe, four inlet openings 18 of the exhaust pipe connecting to the cooling ducts 17 of the exhaust pipe and four outlet openings 19 of the exhaust pipe connecting to the cooling ducts 17 of the exhaust pipe. Fig. 8 and Fig. 9. At least one exhaust inlet opening 18, at least one exhaust outlet 19 and at least one exhaust outlet 21 must always be located on the exhaust 2. Coolant flows through the exhaust passage cooling passages 17, see Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, which further cools the flowing exhaust gases. At the other end of the exhaust pipe 2 there is a catalyst 3, which is attached to the other end of the exhaust pipe 2.

After the combustion of the fuel mixture, the exhaust gases leave the cylinders via valves to the exhaust ducts 5 in the cylinder head 1. From the exhaust ducts 5, the exhaust gases enter through the exhaust flue port 12, the exhaust port 14 of the seal and the exhaust port 21 of the exhaust pipe to the exhaust pipe 2. The exhaust pipe 2 leads the exhaust gases further to the catalyst, where chemical reactions take place. The exhaust gases are cooled in front of the catalyst 3 to the required temperature, which does not reduce the efficiency of the catalyst 3. The cooling ducts 17 of the exhaust outlet located in the exhaust casing 6 through which the coolant flows serve.

The exhaust manifold housing 6 is functionally part of the cylinder head, which ensures a smooth flow of coolant. Coolant from the cylinder head cooling passages 20 leading below the exhaust passages 5 flows in the lower and side portions of the cylinder head flange 16, see Fig. 10 and Fig. 11, through the cylinder head inlet openings 7, seal inlet openings 7 and exhaust inlet openings 18. into the cooling ducts 17 of the exhaust manifold. In these exhaust cooling channels 17, the coolant flows up to the catalyst 3. At the catalyst 3, it rotates 180 ° and continues in the exhaust cooling channels 17 towards the upper part of the cylinder head flange 16. Through the exhaust outlet 19, the seal outlet 8 and the coolant outlet 10, the coolant continues to the cylinder head 1, where it connects to the cylinder head cooling passages 20 above the exhaust passages 5.

Thanks to this design, the exhaust manifold 2 with the cylinder head 1 forms one functional unit in terms of coolant flow. As the coolant flows through the cylinder head cooling passages 20 and the exhaust passage cooling passages 17, it exactly copies the shape of the exhaust passages 5 and the exhaust outlet 2 up to the catalyst. The exhaust manifold cooling passages 17 under the exhaust manifold housing 6, and the direction of coolant flow therein, expediently follow the water circuit of the cylinder head 1 and the cylinder head cooling passages 20, thereby improving the original principle of cooling the exhaust passages 5 in the cylinder head 1. connecting bores are used for overflow from the lower part of the cylinder head cooling channels 20 to the upper part of the cylinder head cooling channels 20. Due to the uniformity of the cylinder head 1, the bores had to be drilled through the upper part of the cylinder head 1, thus creating a hole through which the coolant would escape from the cylinder head 1 out. This opening subsequently had to be additionally blinded during the assembly operations of the production. In this solution, these connecting bores lack a purpose, therefore they are not part of the construction of the cylinder head 1 of this solution.

Industrial applicability

The above-described engine exhaust after-cooling assembly can be used in any vehicle with an internal combustion engine where additional exhaust gas cooling is required.

Claims (3)

PATENT CLAIMS A land vehicle engine exhaust cooling assembly comprising a cylinder head (1) with a cylinder head flange (16), an exhaust manifold (2) and a catalytic converter (3), wherein the exhaust manifold (2) is connected to the flange (16) at its first end. cylinder head and connected at its other end to the catalytic converter (3), characterized in that the cylinder head flange (16) comprises at least one coolant inlet (9) connected to the engine central cooling system, at least one coolant outlet (10) connected to the central engine cooling system and an exhaust exhaust port (12) connected to the engine exhaust system, the exhaust manifold (2) comprising an exhaust manifold housing (6) provided with at least one exhaust manifold cooling channel (17), the first end of the exhaust manifold (2) ) is provided with at least one exhaust inlet opening (18) connected to the cooling ducts (17) of the exhaust outlet, at least through an exhaust outlet (19) connected to the exhaust cooling channels (17) and at least one exhaust outlet (21), the exhaust (2) being fixed at its first end to the cylinder head flange (16) so that the inlet the exhaust port (18) is attached to the coolant inlet (9), the exhaust outlet (19) is attached to the coolant outlet (10), and the exhaust port (21) is attached to the exhaust port (12) cylinder heads. Land vehicle engine exhaust cooling assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylinder head flange (16) is connected to the first end of the exhaust manifold (2) via a seal (4) such that the cylinder head flange (16) abuts the a seal (4) comprising at least one seal inlet (7), at least one seal outlet (8) and at least one seal outlet (14), and at the same time the exhaust outlet (2) rests on the seal (4) with its first end so that that the coolant inlet opening (9) rests on the seal inlet opening (7), the coolant outlet opening (10) rests on the seal outlet opening (8), the flue gas outlet opening (12) rests on the seal outlet opening (14), and at the same time the inlet opening (7) of the seal rests on the inlet opening (18) of the exhaust outlet, the outlet opening (8) of the seal rests on the outlet opening (19) of the exhaust outlet and the exhaust opening (14) of the seal down rests on the exhaust opening (21) of the drain. Land vehicle engine exhaust cooling assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cylinder head flange (16) comprises four coolant inlets (9) and two coolant outlets (10), the seal (4) comprising four inlet openings (7) of the seal and two outlet openings (8) of the seal and the exhaust manifold (2) comprises four inlet openings (18) of the exhaust outlet and two outlet openings (19) of the exhaust outlet.