CZ304383B6 - Sorting and control device particularly in machines for defectometry of bearing balls - Google Patents

Abstract

In the present invention, there is disclosed an upstream sorter (1) being formed by two rotary cylinders (3). Band pulleys (4) of different diameter for generating different circumferential velocity of said rotary cylinders (3) are attached to the faces thereof. The band pulleys (4) are connected through the mediation of a belt (5) with a drive pulley (7). Depending on selectable position of the belt (5), the revolutions of the rotary cylinders (3) can be in either the same direction or opposing direction. The balls (2) are fist in contact with a chute (8) for rolling away in an inlet supply (9) track. A transparent extensible cover (22) is attached by means of a locking bolt (23) to the supply (9) front side. A separator (10) witch a rocker lever and a follower (26) for vertical feed of a ball (2) to the outlet supply (9) track is attached to the supply (9) rear side wherein said outlet supply (9) track is inclined for gravity rolling away of the ball (2) onto a feeder (11). The feeder (11), with forward continuously narrowing cross section, is attached to a stepping electric motor for generation of a pendulum motion. A support (12) has also a forward continuously narrowing cross section. A starting disk (13) is connected to said electric motor. A bearing lever (18) is connected to said stepping electric motor for generation of a pendulum motion. A main lever (15), with a rotatably mounted guy tackle, is provided on the machine side plate (16) with a guy tackle rpm sensor.

Description

Sorting and checking devices, in particular for machines for ball bearing defectometry

Technical field

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to mechanical-electronic equipment for quality control machines, in particular bearing balls of ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic materials. These are automatically working machines, which carry out contactless inspection of balls, especially in terms of gloss, surface defects and material subsurface defects.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Previously known similar devices are designed so that the ballast sorter consists of two rotary cylinders of the same diameter and the same sense of rotation. The rotary rollers are slightly inclined. The balls roll in the direction of inclination of the rotary cylinders under the influence of gravity and rotating rotary cylinders are rotated perpendicular to the axes of the rotary cylinders. The disadvantage of this solution is that, in the case of balls defective in shape and in the case of balls of limited dimensions, satisfactory-unsatisfactory, the balls become jammed between the rotating rollers. At the beginning of the track and at the end of the ball pile path, in the direction of the axes of the rotary cylinders, the non-conforming balls of size and shape are rejected. The matching balls rest on the slip and are moved by the spontaneous gravitational dump into the inlet path of the inlet to form a row. Plexiglas cover is attached to the front side of the inlet by means of connecting screws, which can monitor the progress of the row of balls and the operation of the separator. Quite often it is necessary to clean the inside of the inlet, in which case it is necessary to remove the connecting screws and after the performed action reinsert the cover with the connecting screws. A separator is assigned to the back of the inlet, which cyclically separates one ball from the row of balls to move to the upstream outlet path of the lead. The separator consists of an electromagnet with an associated segment. The front of the segment has a V-shaped cut-out face to grip the ball. The segment carries the ball along a circular path perpendicular to the row of balls, the ball being rubbed against the plexiglass cover, which at the same time rubs. A damaged cover should be replaced frequently. When the segment is stopped firmly by the stop at the top level, the ball is thrown and unreliably enters the exit path of the lead. A sliding stop extends into the chamber in the inlet for the separator segment to define the width of the chamber. When changing the size of the balls to be checked, the sliding stop must be adjusted. The ball, separated by a gravity pile separator, the feed path, moves to the top surface of the feeder, with a rocking cyclical movement along a circle axially coincident with the spinning disc. When the barfeeder moves back, the ball falls on the support, and when the barfeeder moves forward, the ball is pushed from the support to the spinning disc by the front of the barfeeder. If the ball falls on the backrest and, to a lesser extent, the backrest on the spinning wheel, undesirable vibrations occur. Further undesirable vibrations arise from the fact that the swinging movement of the barfeeder is generated by an electromagnet with a hard end of the movement by a stop in the limit position. The rotational movement of the electric motor-driven spinning disk imparts a rotational movement to the ball to be controlled. The meridian rotation is imparted to the ball to be controlled by a control pulley which is rotatably mounted on the main lever. A control pulley speed sensor is attached to the front of the main lever. When replacing the control pulley, the speed sensor must be removed from the main lever beforehand. For the duration of the inspection, the position of the ball on the spinning disk is secured by a support lever which, when the inspection is completed, is deflected so that the ball can leave the inspection site. The support lever is actuated by an electromagnet which causes the support lever to sit firmly against the stops. This creates undesirable vibrations and, in addition, the stops must be adjusted in extreme positions.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The aforementioned drawbacks of the prior art are eliminated by a sorting and inspection device, in particular for machines for bearing ball defectometry, consisting mainly of a pre-sorter, a feeder with an associated separator, a feeder, a swivel disc, a master lever with an associated control roller. The support lever is based on the fact that the pre-sorter consists of two smoothly machined metal or plastic rotary cylinders, which impart rotational movement to the balls. The rotating rollers are slightly inclined, so that the balls move by gravity in the direction of the axes of the rotating rollers. The axes of the rotary cylinders are slightly non-parallel, thereby causing spheres of non-conforming size and shape to fall spontaneously at the beginning and at the end of the rotary cylinders. The rotary rollers have an unequal peripheral speed, structurally given that the rotary rollers are either of an unequal diameter or of the same diameter, in which case they have an uneven pulley diameter attached to the faces of the rotary rollers. The pulleys of the rotary cylinders are connected by one belt to the drive pulley of the electric motor and the pulley pulley. A rotating roller with a higher peripheral speed, which when rotating acts on the balls counter-gravitationally, prevents the balls from pinching between the rotating rollers. By positioning the belt position above the pulley axis of one rotary cylinder and below the pulley axis of the other rotary cylinder and changing the tensioners, a different sense of rotation of the rotary cylinders is achieved so that both rotary cylinders act countergravity on the balls and thereby prevent the balls from pinching between the rotating cylinders. The size and shape matching balls then rest on a slip for spontaneous gravitational dump into the feed inlet path where the balls form a row. A separator is attached to the back of the inlet to repeatedly separate one ball from the row and to move it vertically to the outlet path of the inlet. The inlet is equipped with a transparent slide-out cover on the front to monitor the correct functioning inside the inlet. The withdrawable cover is provided in the lower part with at least one groove for at least one locking screw, in particular a knurled screw for manual operation without tools. After a partial loosening of the locking screw, the slide-out cover can be temporarily removed after a brief extension, in particular to clean the ball track. The separator assigned to the rear of the inlet consists of a sliding or rolling bearing, a rocking lever situated in the direction of the ball tracks and an electromagnet provided with an arm for generating a cyclic vertical movement of the rocking lever within the range of two associated adjusting stops. To the end of the rocker lever is attached a tappet provided with a through chamber for one ball. In particular, the chamber is formed by a rectangular cut-out, which prevents the ball from being thrown when the rocker lever engages the upper adjuster stop. The tappet is located in the inlet chamber with a minimum gap at the perpendicular side, at the outlet path for ball exit from the inlet. This eliminates the need to install the slide stop and shortens the output path. The tappet moves practically vertically in the inlet chamber because the rocker lever is long enough and the swivel range along a circular path is only a few degrees. For the balls in the inlet to have only a forward feed, the tappet width is derived from the dimensional range of the balls to be inspected. The smallest separated ball shall have a diameter slightly greater than the width of the tappet and the largest separated ball shall have a radius smaller than the width of the tappet. The ball moves from the feed path of the feed to the feeder by gravity. The feeder is controlled by a stepper motor, which gives the feeder a cyclic rocking movement whose speed, course and termination are electronically controllable, thus preventing vibrations by hard end stops against the electromagnet. Furthermore, the stepper motor, by gradual termination of the last phase of the forward movement of the feeder, prevents unwanted firing of the ball. After leaving the inlet, the ball first rests on the top surface of the feeder, the cross section of which is tapering smoothly to the front low face. During the backward swinging movement of the barfeeder, the ball on its top surface approaches the spinning disc and falls from a negligible height to the support, which also has a continuously tapering cross-section. In the forward movement of the barfeeder, which is parallel to the upper surface of the backrest, the ball is continuously and without adverse jump impact moved to the spinning disk, which imparts a rotational movement to the ball. At the same time, the ball is in contact with the control pulley, which imparts the meridian rotation under the associated at least one defect sensor. The steering pulley is rotatably mounted in the main lever. To monitor the correct number of revolutions, targets are provided on the control pulley for the speed pulse sensor of the control pulley. In particular, one or two grooves formed on the face of the control roller axis are used as targets, depending on the selected meridian pitch of the ball. The speed sensor is located on the side of the main lever, in the space between the control pulley and the side of the machine. This solution allows handling when adjusting and replacing the control rollers without having to remove the speed sensor. The position of the ball at the point of contact with the spinning disk and the control pulley is fixed by a support lever with a rotatably mounted contact pulley, consisting mainly of a small ball bearing. The functional position of the support lever is secured by a spring and a stop. The position of the ball will cease to be fixed when the control activity is completed

-2GB 304383 B6 by tilting the support lever with a stepper motor, which allows electronic adjustment of the deflection progress and distance without the use of a stop, and thus without shock, causing vibration.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

An exemplary embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying 6 drawings, comprising a total of 8 figures. FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an overall embodiment of the invention, with the placement of the main parts. Giant. 1 is also intended for annotation. FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the DC rotation of the rotary cylinders. FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the counter-rotating rotation of the rotary cylinders. FIG. 4 shows the inlet showing the attachment of the slide-out cover, the inlet and outlet paths for the balls, and the location of the separator follower in the inlet chamber. Giant. 5 shows an embodiment of a separator. Giant. 6 shows an embodiment of the feeder, an embodiment of the support and their eccentricity with respect to the center of the spinning disk. FIG. 7 shows the location of the control pulley speed sensor. Figure 8 schematically illustrates a support lever with a contact pulley securing a ball on a spinning disc.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

An embodiment according to the invention consists in that the pre-classifier 1, for disabling the dimensionally and non-conforming controlled balls 2, consists of two smoothly machined metal or plastic rotary cylinders 3 with slightly non-parallel axes. To the faces of the rotary cylinders 3 are attached pulleys 4 connected by a belt 5 to a tensioner 6 and a drive pulley 7 to generate rotational speed of the rotary cylinders 3. Depending on the interchangeable belt position 5, the rotational speed of the rotary cylinders 3 is either DC or counter-rotating. The rotary rollers 3 have either a different diameter and the same diameter of the pulleys 4 or both the rotary rollers 3 are of the same diameter, but provided with pulleys 4 of different diameters. Both alternatives are for creating a different peripheral velocity of the rotating rollers 3 to prevent pinning of the ball 2. Furthermore, the suitably sized balls 2 rest on a chute 8 intended for gravitational rolling of the balls 2 into the inlet path of the feeder 9. for cyclically separating one ball 2 from the row and then moving it to the outlet path of the lead 9. By gravity, the ball 2 rests on the feeder 11, which is connected to the stepper motor, to produce a cyclical swinging movement of the feeder 11 along a path parallel to the tapered cross-section Also, the cross-section of the barfeeder U is tapered to the front face to prevent the ball 2 from impacting on the arm 12 and the spinning disc 13. On the spinning disc U, the ball 2 simultaneously contacts the control roller 14 rotatably mounted in the main lever 15. K lateral p The pulley of the steering pulley 14 is mounted on the front side of the main lever 15, at that side of the machine. The front axle of the support pulley 14 is provided with targets for a rotation sensor 17, in particular a groove or two intersecting grooves for alternate meridian spacing. On the spinning disc 13, the ball 2 is fixed during the inspection operation by a support lever 18 with a rotatably mounted contact roller 19. The working position of the support lever 18 is secured by a spring 20 and one stop 21. For a deflected position of the support lever 18, a stepper motor 30 with an electronically adjustable distance of contact roll 19 from the ball 2.

The inlet 9 is provided on the front face with a transparent slide 22 having at least one groove for at least one locking screw 23 at the bottom. A separator 10 is attached to the back of the inlet 9. The separator 10 consists of a sliding or rolling bearing 24, a rocking lever 25 with an associated tappet 26 having a through slot for one ball 2 and further comprising either an electromagnet 27 or alternatively a stepper motor with an associated arm 28 for generating a cyclic vertical movement of the tappet 26 and at least one adjusting stop 29 to define the range of vertical movement of the tappet 26. The tappet 26 is loosely positioned in the inlet chamber 9, perpendicular to the short exit path for the balls 2. The tappet width 26 is equal to or slightly greater than the smallest diameter of the ball 2 being inspected and at the same time greater than the radius of the largest balls 2 trolled on equipment.

-3 CZ 304383 B6

Industrial applicability

The invention is reusable industrially in the manufacture of machines for quality control and sorting of precision balls, especially for rolling bearings. In operating conditions it is especially useful for large-scale and mass production in companies producing ball bearings. The invention is also industrially applicable in the renovation of previously manufactured similar devices.

Claims (2)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. A sorting and checking device, in particular for ball-bearing defectometry machines, consisting mainly of a pre-sorter, a feeder with a separator assigned, a feeder, a spinning disc, a master lever with associated control pulley and a support lever, characterized in that 1), for the elimination of dimensionally and non-conforming controlled balls (2), it consists of two smoothly machined metal or plastic rotary cylinders (3) with slightly non-parallel axes and pulleys (4) connected by a belt are attached to the faces of these rotary cylinders (3) (5) with a tensioner (6) and a drive pulley (7) for rotating the rotary cylinders (3), depending on the position of the belt (5), either in the same sense of rotation or in a different sense of rotation; of different diameters and the associated pulleys (4) have a diameter equal to or α1 ternatively the rotary cylinders have the same diameter and the attached pulleys (4) have diameters different to produce different peripheral speeds of the rotary cylinders (3) preventing pinching of the ball (2), which rests on the associated slip (8) for gravitationally pumping the balls (2) onto the inlet (9) to which a separator (10) is connected to cyclically separate one ball (2) from the row and then move it to the outlet path of the inlet (9) which tends to gravitate a ball (2) on the feeder (11), which is connected to a stepper motor intended to create a cyclic swinging movement of the feeder (11) along a circle section parallel to the upper surface of the tapering support (12) and also the cross section of the feeder (11) to the front face continuously tapered to create a stepless contact of the ball (2) with the spinning disc (13) on which the ball is (2) simultaneously in contact with the control roller (14) rotatably mounted in the main lever (15), to whose side, on that side of the machine (16), a speed sensor (17) of the control roller (14) is attached; has a face of a cylindrical support axis provided with targets for a speed sensor (17), in particular a groove or two orthogonally intersecting grooves for a different meridian spacing of the ball (2) on the spinning disc (13) where the ball (2) is during inspection fixed by a support lever (18) equipped with a contact pulley (19), the working position of which is secured by a spring (20) and for a deflected position of the support lever (18) is assigned a stepper motor (30) with electronically adjustable distance (21), thereby deflecting the contact roller (19) from the ball (2). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet (9) is provided on the front face with a transparent sliding cover (22) having at least one groove in the lower part for at least one securing screw (23) and at the rear side of the inlet (9). ) a separator (10) comprising a sliding or rolling bearing (24), a rocking lever (25) with a tappet (26) having a cutout for one ball (2) and further comprising either an electromagnet (27) or alternatively a stepper motor with an associated arm (28) for generating a cyclic vertical movement of the tappet (26) and at least one adjusting stop (29) for defining a range of vertical movement of the tappet (26) freely disposed in the feed chamber (9) the sides of the chamber located at the short ball outlet path (2), the tappet width (26) being equal to or slightly greater than the smallest the diameter on the equipment-inspected balls (2) and, at the same time, greater than the radius of the largest balls (2) inspected on the equipment.