CZ302722B6 - Device to determine working diagram of ground anchors in tension - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device for determining a working diagram of ground anchors in tension, which device comprises a main beam (1) formed by rolled sections (5, 6) and having its one end attached via an articulated joint with a passive web (2) while its other end is attached via another articulated joint with an active web (3). The central portion of the main beam (1) is connected to an adapter with a force sensor (30) being connectable to an anchor (20), whereby both the passive web (2) and active web (3) are located at a sufficient distance from the anchor (20) under test. The tested anchor (20) can be connected to two angle sections (23) being at their ends provided with a hole (25) for attaching a stranded wire of a stranded wire sensor (35) while bodies of the stranded wire sensors (35) are fixedly attached to the ground at a sufficient distance from the ground anchor (20) being tested.

Description

Technical field

The present invention relates to a device for determining the working diagram of earth anchors in tension, ie measuring the tensile capacity of earth anchors.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

With the growing interest in the construction of photovoltaic power plants and the installation of solar panels, naturally, the requirements for the tensile load-bearing capacity of ground anchors to which these panels are immediately attached have arisen. So far, there is no sophisticated device that can adequately detect the working diagram of ground anchors in tension. These are mainly sufficient tensile capacity of the equipment, sufficient flexibility and distribution of pressure loads acting backwards on the ground at a sufficient distance from the ground anchor under investigation. At the same time, it is also a monitoring of the extension of the ground anchor to the maximum tensile load in sufficient distance from the tested ground anchor. Furthermore, it is also sufficient speed of one measurement.

The ground anchors are very often tested for their compressive strength. In particular, these are very massive devices which must be transported to the site by heavy equipment and, together with this, provided with additional building elements on which they can be fitted. For example, the ground pile pressure applying device comprises a rigid load element, a spacer element for controlling the applied force, and at least two biased ground anchors fixed at one end to the load element.

Power sensors are widely used throughout the construction industry. Very often they are used in testing to control the applied force or to check the prestressing forces in post-tensioned or pre-tensioned structures.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The above drawbacks are largely overcome by the tensile diagram of the ground anchors of the present invention. Its essence is that it consists of a main beam formed by rolled profiles, connected by its one end via an articulated connection to the passive pedestal and the other by its other end via another articulated connection to the active pedestal. To the central part of the main beam is attached adapter with force sensor, which is attachable to the anchor. The passive prop and the active prop are located at the end of the rolled sections.

The active prop is preferably provided with a hydraulic cylinder for introducing the desired deformation and a distribution plate for distributing stress from the hydraulic cylinder to the ground.

The passive upright can be provided with a pair of rolled angles at its heel to provide sufficient stability and stress spread to the ground.

The adapter is preferably provided on the one hand with a hook for connecting to the eye on the main beam and on the other hand with a further hook for connecting to another eye connected to the ground anchor. Preferably, the other eye is provided with a round tube having oval openings which are angled by 120 ° relative to each other to ensure its perfect connection to the ground anchor. Two square tubes can be connected to the circular tube, rotated 180 ° with respect to each other and provided with an angle bracket. The angles are provided at their ends with an opening for attaching the cable of the cable sensor and the cable sensor bodies are firmly attached to the ground.

Thus, the device consists of a rigid beam formed by individual rigid rolled profiles which are suitably attached to each other so as to form a rigid unit. In a preferred embodiment, the entire beam is made up of individual rolled sections such that the weight of each single part allows for easy transport and assembly, thereby reducing the time required for a single measurement. In a preferred embodiment, the ends of the outer parts are provided with an opening in which the pin is mounted so that the entire beam acts statically as a hinge.

The distance between the ground anchor being tested and the location where the passive prop is supported by the ground shall be at least equal to the length of the anchor recess, so that pushing the steel prop does not affect the withdrawal of the ground anchor. The active steel prop is driven by a hydraulic cylinder. The height of the upright must be designed so that, together with the hydraulic cylinder, it is as high as the passive steel upright on the other side of the beam. The force sensor accurately reads the applied tensile force.

The three oval holes b of the circular tube, rotated 120 ° relative to each other, accurately follow the holes in the ground anchor, ensuring a perfect connection. Angles that are rotated 180 ° from each other are extended at a sufficient distance from the anchor to be tested. Thus, in this preferred embodiment, sensors located at their ends will not be affected by the extending soil in the immediate vicinity of the anchor under test.

The design of the device is designed to facilitate easy and quick disassembly to the base parts, allowing easy handling of the device and moving it quickly to the next measurement location. The system of two eyes and hooks works as a hinged connection and thus always ensures only pure tensile force without side effects.

Overview of the drawings

The apparatus for determining the working diagram of a ground anchor in tension according to the present invention will be described in more detail on specific embodiments. An exemplary device is shown schematically in side view of Figure 1 and in plan view of Figure 2. The detail of the location of the sensor, its attachment to the main beam and the detail of the anchor adapter are schematically shown in side view of Figure 3 and Figure 4 in front view.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The ground anchor diagram is composed of four basic parts: main beam i, passive prop 2, active prop 3 and anchor adapter 4 with a power sensor 30.

The main beam 1 consists of five rolled profiles. In the middle, there is a rolled IPE profile 5, to which two rolled U profiles 6 are screwed from each side. The ends of the rolled U-beams 6 are provided with openings 7 for securing the articulation between the main beam 1 and the passive prop 2 and active prop. The IPE profile 5 is provided with a welded steel eye 8 in the middle of its length i to provide a hinged connection to the force transducer 30 and the ground anchor 20. The central rolled IPE profile 5 is symmetrically symmetrically provided with a set of uniformly drilled holes 9 to which screws are applied. to ensure torque connection.

The passive prop 2 consists of a rolled HEA profile 10 which is free of both flanges at its upper end. The web of the rolled HEA profile 10 is provided in its upper part with an opening 7 for securing the articulation with the main beam also by means of an intermediate pin. In its lower part, the passive upright 2 is provided with a pair of rolled L profiles 11, which provide stability and a sufficient distribution surface to the entire device.

The active prop 3 consists of a rolled HEA profile 12 which is free of both flanges at its upper end. The web of the rolled HEA profile 12 is provided in its upper part with an opening 7 for securing the articulation with the main beam also by means of an intermediate pin. The active prop 3 is provided in its lower part with a cooked plate 13 which evenly distributes the load from the hydraulic cylinder 14 to the entire cross-section of the active prop 3. A distribution plate 15 is disposed below the hydraulic cylinder 14 which distributes the load from the active prop 3 to the subsoil.

The gripping of the ground anchor 20 is carried out by means of an adapter 16, which is provided with a welded steel eye 17. The main component of the adapter 16 is a tube 18 with a circular cross-section which is provided with three oval holes 19 which are offset by 120 °. Through these openings 19, the entire adapter 16 is rigidly connected to the ground anchor 20. The connection between the hollow tube 18 and the eye 17 is provided by a welded metal plate 21. The adapter 16 is provided with a pair of square tubes 22 which are rotated 180 ° relative to each other. The square tubes 22 are provided with a pair of holes 24 so that an angle 23 can be attached to each square tube 22. Each angle 23 is provided at its other end with a hole 25, which serves to receive the cable track sensor 35. The body of the cable track sensor 35 is firmly attached to the ground at a sufficient distance from the ground anchor 20 under test.

The eye 8 of the medium rolled IPE profile 5 is connected to the eye 17 of the adapter 16 by means of a pair of hooks 26, 27. The upper hook 26 - male type is provided with a metal plate 28 to which a steel screw 29 is welded. The lower hook 27 of the female type is provided with a plate 34 onto which the nut 31 is welded into which the force transducer 30 is screwed. The force transducer 30 is provided with a countersunk nut 32 from its upper side. from its underside it is provided with a screw 33 which is screwed onto the lower hook 27 of the female type.

The measurement of the working diagram of the ground anchors 20 is controlled by deformation. A deformation is introduced into the hydraulic cylinder 14, which is manifested by extending the head of the hydraulic cylinder 14. This increases the absolute height of the active prop 3 and the main anchor 1 is directly proportional to the anchor 20. The deformation between the anchor 20 and the soil. The pulling of the anchor 20 is measured by a pair of sensors 35 which are insulated to a sufficient distance from the ground anchor 20 so that their reading is not disturbed by the pulling soil in the immediate vicinity of the ground anchor 20. At the same time that puts resistance to the extracted ground anchors 20.

Industrial applicability

The device for determining the working diagram of tensile earth anchors according to the present invention will find application especially in the areas of geotechnics where tensile stressed earth anchors are used. These are mainly ground anchors serving as a basis for solar panels, where wind suction occurs, which causes noticeable tensile forces on the ground anchoring elements. Furthermore, there may be other structures immediately attached to the ground, where tensile stresses play a dominant role.

Claims (6)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. An apparatus for determining the working diagram of anchors in tension, characterized in that it consists of a main beam (1) formed by rolled profiles (5, 6), connected by one end via a hinged connection to the passive prop (2) and the other an adapter with a force transducer (30), which is connectable to the armature (20), is connected to the active leg (3) and to the central part of the main beam (1) by its end via a further articulated connection. 3) are located at the end of the rolled sections (6). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the active prop (3) is provided with a hydraulic cylinder (14) for introducing the desired deformation and a distribution plate (15) for distributing stress from the hydraulic cylinder (14) to the ground. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the passive prop (2) is provided at its heel with a pair of rolled angles (11) to ensure sufficient stability and to distribute stresses to the ground. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adapter is provided, on the one hand, via a screw connection with a hook (26) for connecting the coca (8) to the main beam (1) and 27) for connection to another eye (17) connected to the ground anchor (20). A device according to claim 4, characterized in that the other eye (17) is provided with a circular tube (18) having circumferential openings (19), which are pivoted relative to one another by 120 ° to ensure a perfect connection with the ground anchor (20). Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that two square tubes (22) facing each other are connected to the annular tube (18) and are angled by 180 ° and provided with an angle bracket (23), the angles (23) being provided at their ends the cable sensor opening (25) and the cable sensor body (35) are firmly attached to the ground. 3 drawings