CZ299005B6 - Projectile - Google Patents

Abstract

In the present invention, there is disclosed a projectile including means to effectively retard the velocity thereof on impact with a target in such a way as to prevent excess damage, injury or penetration, the means rapidly expanding to produce a large increase in the area at the nose of the projectile following impact with a target, characterized in that said expansion is effected by means of a pressurized medium stored in the projectile.

Description

Bullet (57)

The bullet, comprising an expansion means for effectively slowing its velocity and expanding it in the frontal area upon impact on the target to prevent excessive damage, injury or penetration of the target, includes a space for pressurized medium for at least expanding the expansion means.

Bullet

Technical field

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a bullet comprising an expansion means for effectively slowing its velocity and for expanding it in the frontal area upon impact on a target to prevent excessive damage, injury or penetration of the target.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

There has long been a need to capture, study, move or treat animals using various means. The most commonly used method is the use of some form of modified syringe containing a narcotic which is ejected and ejected into the body of an animal upon impact. These narcotization arrows have significant disadvantages, particularly in that they have low range and low accuracy due to poor ballistic properties and a very parabolic flight path makes it difficult to estimate distance. As missiles, these devices are inherently unstable due to their length and weight and cannot be effectively stabilized by rotation due to the low speed required to avoid deep penetration as a major factor. Known devices are also complex to assemble and charge with often highly toxic substances and are heavy due to the amount of substance delivered.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to overcome these drawbacks and to provide a system for delivering a narcotic or other drug using a missile that would be advantageously stabilized by rotation, greater range and accuracy, innate stable ballistic shape. and GB 23 50414A1.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a missile that has limited, controlled or no penetration into the target, and does not contain an explosive or gas-generating charge.

Another alternative object of the invention is to provide a non-lethal missile that can be accurately fired directly at a soft target, even at short distances, and which is designed not to penetrate to a greater depth and which will cause minimal injury to the limbs or torso.

Another alternative object of the invention is to provide a missile that can designate a target for subsequent identification.

These deficiencies are overcome by the missile comprising an expansion chamber 35 for effectively slowing its velocity and expanding it in the frontal area upon impact on a target to avoid excessive damage, injury or penetration of the target according to the invention, which comprises a pressurized medium for at least expanding the expansion means.

The space for the pressurized medium is preferably a sump at the rear of the projectile, or a cavity in the membrane, or the interior of the tank at the rear of the projectile.

The pressurized medium is preferably pressurized gas from a propellant charge, or from a detonator with an impact lighter, or from a pressurized capsule, or from an inertial detonator, or gas stored prior to firing a projectile from a weapon.

The expansion means is preferably an inflatable membrane of smooth cylindrical type, or a bellows-type membrane, a front of the bullet disposed around an axially disposed needle or support tube, or a capsule at least partially filled with a malleable fabric.

-1 CZ 299005 B6

It is preferred that the membrane is of an inflatable or expandable material such as rubber or a reinforced fabric that is gas-permeable.

According to the invention, it is further preferred that the membrane is arranged in a head housing fixed to the front end of the cylindrical housing.

Further, it is preferred that the pressure medium reservoir comprises an inner bridge with through holes opening one end into the reservoir and the opposite end to the sealing ball, behind which a seat bore adjacent the sealing ball is disposed adjacent the sealing ball for inlet of pressurized medium from the propellant. a plunger adjoins the reservoir to expel the active ingredient from the interior of the chamber to the needle and further to the target or disperse into the exterior, the piston being slidably mounted in a chamber in the rear of which there are dispensing openings of pressurized medium flowing into the interspace between the chamber and the inner surface of the cylindrical bullet shell, and the interspace is through the passages connected to the cavity in the membrane.

It is also advantageous if the free end of the needle is provided with at least one outlet opening for dispensing or dispersing the active substance after the projectile strikes the target and is freely slidably mounted in a front plug forming part of the membrane which is fastened at its front end in the front of the bullet shell; the needle ending at its opposite end into the interior of the chamber.

It has proven to be advantageous if the support tube for discharging or dispersing the active substance after impacting the missile on the target has a free end freely slidably disposed in a circular support arranged in the interior space of the projectile tip and provided with a detonator with an impact lighter. a bladder-type membrane, the rear end of which is fixed to the head portion of the cylindrical bullet shell, the support tube with its opposite end attached to the chamber plug and opening into its interior.

It has also proven advantageous if the reservoir with an internal space for the pressurized medium forms a bullet body and a detonator is arranged in the internal space of the reservoir, the bullet having a hollow case attached to the front part of the reservoir by a peripheral rim pressure medium into the mold cavity and further to the head housing by radial channels formed in a ductile fabric disposed at least in a portion of the head housing to damp the impact of the projectile and / or deposit the dye.

According to the invention, the malleable material may be a foamed or gel-like composition consisting of open-cell nanoporous foam.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

An exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawings, wherein Fig. 1 is a longitudinal axial section of a bullet according to a first exemplary embodiment utilizing the pressure of the pressurized medium obtained from the propellant charge; Fig. 2 a detail of the bullet front shown in Fig. 1; FIG. 4 is a longitudinal axial section through a bullet according to the second exemplary embodiment, non-lethal, inactivating or marking, which may optionally use compressed media pressure; FIG. 5 is a longitudinal axial section through the bullet according to the third exemplary embodiment; or a marker bullet utilizing the pressure of the stored gas obtained from the propellant charge, and FIG. 6 shows a longitudinal axial section of a plunger bullet utilizing the pressure of the pressurized medium.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

1 to 3 is the same as the one described in WO 00/71967, but here the pressurized gas used to inflate the membrane and to spray the active ingredient is obtained

-2E 299005 B6 from propellant gases when firing a projectile. This arrangement eliminates the need for the bullet to contain a gas-generating charge.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the bullet consists of a cylindrical housing 1 surrounding the drug storage chamber 2 to be ejected and a piston 4 in the drug delivery chamber 3 forcing the needle 5 forward and out of it. The extensible membrane 7, which may for example be rubber and which may be inflated as a balloon, is disposed around the needle 5. The front end of the diaphragm 7 is connected to the front plug 8 and its rear end to the front portion 9 of the cylindrical housing 1. Around the diaphragm 7 is a head housing 10o anchored by the front end in the front plug 8 and the rear end in the front 9 of the cylindrical housing 1. the free end of the needle 5, the rear end of which is connected to the chamber 2, is freely slidably mounted in the front plug 8. The bottom of the projectile is constituted by an end cap 11, for example ultrasonically welded to the cylindrical housing 1. End cap 11 is provided with a bore 12. for example, a rubber sealing ball 14 is pressed. The inner bridge 13 is provided with through holes 15.

The bullet according to the invention may be integrated with a cartridge (not shown) containing a propellant charge, or may be without a cartridge. The missile function is as follows:

Once the bullet is fired from a weapon (not shown), the gas pressure exerted by the propellant charge of about 60 MPa causes the sealing ball 14 to deform, thereby allowing the pressurized gas to pass through the through hole 12 and through holes 15 into the sump 16 behind the piston. leaves the barrel of the gun, pressurized gas in the sump 16 to seal the ball 12 into the seat bore 12 and close it.

When the missile strikes the target, the missile front plug 8 moves back along the needle 5, opening its exit opening 6 and allowing a portion of the active substance 3 to escape from the chamber 2. This will allow the piston 4 to move forward thereby exposing the discharge holes 17 formed in the wall. The chamber 18 and the pressurized gas stored in the sump 16 enter the interspace 18 between the cylindrical housing 1 and the chamber 2. This interspace 18 is connected through the passages 19 to the cavity 20 in the membrane 7 and the pressurized gas rapidly inflates it.

If the membrane 7 is of rubber, it will stretch and expand. The diaphragm 7 may also be of non-extensible or partially extensible material folded in the head housing 10. During this operation, the head housing 10 is torn apart and discarded or peeled backward.

Advantageously, the sequence of actions takes place quickly relative to the speed of the missile movement and will result in minimal penetration of the needle 5. Balloon inflation of the membrane 7 also causes the projectile to be pushed back from the target, thereby pulling the needle 5 out of it and dropping. It is possible to modify the shape of the diaphragm 7 after inflation so that, if necessary, the missile remains in the target.

According to FIG. 4, the bullet comprises a cylindrical housing 1 which, if desired, may comprise a chamber 2 for receiving the active substance 3, for example a marking agent in the form of a paint, for example in a liquid state. The active agent 3 can be stabilized by means of a sponge or similar material (not shown) in order to eliminate the effect of inertia on the rotation that could cause the missile to become unstable during its flight.

The front of the missile is formed by a head shell 21 provided, for example, with a spike 22, in which is located a detonator with an impact lighter 23 mounted in a circular carrier 24 and generating pressurized gas. In an alternative embodiment, at least two otherwise inert substances may be brought together to start the operation. An annular end 25 of the diaphragm 26 is fastened to the annular support 24, the rear end 27 of which is secured to the head portion 28 of the cylindrical sleeve LV of the axial portion of the diaphragm 26 having an easily deformable support tube 29 freely slidably mounted. A piston 31 is arranged in the rear part of the chamber 2, behind which there is an annular space 32 into which

The radial orifices 33 have a radial orifice opening adjacent to the concentric passages 34 around the chamber 2 and the orifices 35 in the stopper 30, which open into the diaphragm 26. The annular space 32 is closed by a removable bottom part 37.

The bullet has a classic ballistic shape and can weigh about 8 to 10 grams and a caliber of about 15 mm. Depending on the circumstances, it can be used with a larger or smaller caliber. The bullet may be surrounded by a plastic ejection ring (not shown) and may be fired from a smooth or progressively grooved barrel giving a muzzle velocity of about 500 m / s. Under these circumstances, the range should be of the order of 150 m and a drop in flight path at medium distances of less than 20 cm.

The head sleeve 21 is of easily breakable plastic and can be provided with grooves for easier breakage. A suitable material for the inflatable membrane 26 may be, for example, based on a reinforced fabric, latex or silicone. Impact-absorbing material, for example gel-based, may be placed in the head shell 21. It may also contain a marking ink.

After firing a projectile from the weapon, the head shell 21 first receives a frontal impact, thereby pushing the detonator with the impact lighter 23 and the ring carrier 24 back along the support tube 29 and detonating an unrecognized ignit and retaining cuff, thereby rapidly inflating the diaphragm 26. and prevents excessive penetration of the target by spreading the impact energy over a large area. Upon inflation of the diaphragm 26, the capsule 21 breaks and is discarded. In an alternative embodiment, the head shell 21 may be sliced open and may increase the missile retarding effect. The diaphragm 26 may be longitudinally or transverse grooved and coated or impregnated with pressurized gas chemical compositions designed to both accelerate expansion and to strengthen the entire diaphragm 26. The pressurizing gas inflating the diaphragm 26 extends from the cavity 36 in the diaphragm 26 through the passageways 35, concentric through the passages 34 and the through holes 33 into the annular space 32 behind the piston 31 and push it forward, thereby expelling the active substance 3 or the marking substance through the carrier tube 29.

In one modification, the excess gas pressure is used to further slow the missile's flight by means of forward-directed outflow nozzles (not shown).

In a modification of this embodiment, the inner space in front of the piston 31 is filled with pressurized gas which can be collected upon firing through rearwardly directed channels open towards the propellant charge and retained by a one-way valve. When the projectile hits the target, the pressurized gas is released and inflates the diaphragm 26.

In this embodiment, the diaphragm 26 is folded as shown in FIG. 4 as a bellows, thus providing the possibility of greater expansion. The chamber 2 as a whole with the bottom panel 37 forms a removable module carrying the support tube 29 and located in the cylindrical bullet housing 11.

The removable cartridge for the shot of the barrel can be placed in the integral cartridge and form a uniform charge. The projectile can be disposable with a designated marker or various charges and provided with a code for ease of use in the field. The cartridge material may be a carbon fiber or glass bonded hydrocarbon matrix.

The bullet may be packed in such a way that it is unlocked only after it is removed from the package.

The bullet is designed especially for use against soft targets and currently at a shorter distance, for example, 20 m.

This embodiment may be modified to include a pressurized gas space or housing in place of the explosive gas generating mixture. This would facilitate transport and better compliance.

-4GB 299005 B6

A further preferred embodiment is shown in Fig. 5 and is similar to that of Fig. 1. The pressure of the gases to inflate the membrane and expel the active substance 3 is obtained from the propellant charge converted into a pressurized gas. This arrangement also eliminates the need for the bullet itself to contain a gas-generating charge.

As shown in FIG. 5, the bullet is in many respects the same as in FIG. 1 and includes a sump 16 for receiving pressurized gas. The bullet is provided with a cylindrical casing 1 surrounding a chamber 2 in which the active substance 3, for example a marker, intended to be simply ejected, and a piston 4, to advance the active substance 3 with a blunt needle 5. Otherwise, the details are practically the same as in FIG. to 3.

Giant. 6 illustrates the construction of a so-called plunger missile utilizing the stored gas pressure.

The bullet of FIG. 6 has a ballistic shape with natural stability, and its weight can be 10 to 10

150 grams and caliber 10 to 50 mm. Larger or smaller calibers can be used as appropriate. This bullet may be surrounded by a plastic ejection ring (not shown) and may be fired from a smooth barrel or a barrel with progressive splines giving an initial velocity of about 500 m / s. Range should be in these conditions should be of the order of 150 m with an average decrease in flight path in range less than 20 cm.

In the illustrated structure, the bullet at the rear is formed by a tank 38, the interior of which 39 is designed for pressurized gas. The reservoir 38 is either pre-filled with or propelled with propellant gases upon firing or with gases from a detonator 40. The reservoir 38 is provided with a shutter 41 with an axially disposed valve 42. An extensible diaphragm or head sleeve 44 is attached to the peripheral portion of the shutter 41. The shape of the head shell 44 is maintained by a ductile substance 45, for example based on a gel. The head housing 44 may be protected by a relatively thin front cone, which easily deforms or breaks upon impact.

Upon impact on the target, the ductile 45 deforms and crushes and the backward movement of the rear portion 46 of the ductile 45 opens the valve 42. The pressurized gas from the interior 39 of the tank 38 or generated by the detonator 40 upon impact, for example using a inertial detonator the cavity 47 and therefrom passes through radial channels 48 and inflates the diaphragm or head housing 44.

As described, the pressurized gas for inflating the head shell 44 can be obtained either from the inertial detonator 40 with the pressurized gas charge, the pressurized gas stored in the reservoir 38, or the pressurized gases from the propellant charge passing through the bottom channels (not shown). open for propellant gases and fitted with a non-illustrated shut-off valve for retaining pressurized gas.

In another embodiment, the inertia detonator 40 fills the tank 38 with a pressurized gas held by the valve 42 during flight. In another embodiment, a pressure sleeve (not shown) may be used instead of the inertia detonator 40.

A marker paint may be placed between the front cone and the inflatable membrane.

In another modification, the excess pressurized gas is used to further slow the missile through the forward outlet nozzles.

The propellant cartridge for firing the projectile can be placed in the integral cartridge and create a uniform charge. The missile can be disposable with the appropriate marker with different charges and different codes for ease of use in the field. The cartridge material may be carbon fiber or glass bonded hydrocarbon base material.

The bullet may be packed in such a way that it is only released when it is removed from the package.

-5GB 299005 B6

The missile may be integral with the cartridge-filled propellant charge, or may be without the cartridge.

Advantageously, the sequence of activities occurs rapidly with respect to the velocity of the missile, which results in no or minimal penetration of the missile front into the target. The balloon-like inflation of the membrane also has the effect of pushing the missile back from the target, thereby cooperating in the impact of the target.

The membrane used may be of an extensible rubber material that is stretched, or it may be a material that first inflates, then expands, and finally allows the escape of the pressurized gas through an open bond. In all embodiments, a pressure relief system may be used to avoid excessive inflation of the membrane.

Claims (2)

PATENT CLAIMS 20 1. A bullet comprising an expansion means for effectively slowing its velocity and expanding it in the frontal area upon impact on a target to prevent excessive damage, injury or penetration of the target, comprising a space for pressurized medium for at least expanding the expansion means. 2. A bullet according to claim 1, wherein the space for the pressurized medium is a sump (16) at the rear of the projectile, or a cavity (36) in the membrane (26), or an interior space (39) of the tank (38) at the rear. parts of the projectile. 3. The bullet of claim 1, wherein the pressurized medium is a pressurized gas 30 of propellant charge, or from a detonator with an impact lighter (23), or from a pressurized capsule, or from an inertial detonator, or stored before firing a projectile from a weapon. A bullet according to claim 1, characterized in that the expansion means is an inflatable membrane (7) of smooth cylindrical type or a bellows-type membrane (26) arranged in a 35 of the front of the projectile around an axially arranged needle (5) or support tube (29), or a head shell (44) at least partially filled with a ductile substance (45). A bullet according to claim 4, characterized in that the membrane (7, 26) is of an inflatable or expandable material such as rubber or of a reinforced fabric semipermeable to the 40 gases. The bullet according to claim 4, characterized in that the membrane (7, 26) is arranged in a head housing (10, 21) attached to the front end of the cylindrical housing (1). The bullet according to claim 2, characterized in that the pressure medium reservoir (16) comprises an inner web (13) with through holes (15) opening one end into the reservoir (16) and the opposite end to the sealing ball (14). wherein a seat hole (12) adjacent to the sealing ball (14) is provided in the projectile end cap (11) for inlet of the pressurized medium from the propellant charge, the piston (4) adjacent to the sump (16) for dispensing the active substance (3) chamber interior space (2) 50 into the needle (5) and further to the target or dispersed into the outer space, the piston (4) being slidably mounted in a chamber (2), in the rear of which there are disposed orifices (17) 18) between the chamber (2) and the inner surface of the cylindrical projectile shell (1) and the interspace (18) communicating with the passages (19) with the cavity (20) in the membrane (7). -6GB 299005 B6 The bullet according to claim 7, characterized in that the free end of the needle (5) is provided with at least one outlet opening (6) for discharging or dispersing the active substance (3) after the bullet strikes the target and is freely slidable in the front plug (8). ) forming part of the membrane (7), which is its own 5 is fastened in the front part of the cylindrical bullet casing (1) by the rear end, the needle (5) being connected to the inner space of the chamber (2) by its opposite end. The bullet according to claim 7, characterized in that the support tube (29) for discharging or dispersing the active substance (3) after the projectile has hit the target has a free end freely slidably mounted in a circular support (24) arranged in the inner space of the apex ( (22) a missile and provided with an impact igniter (23), and a peripheral portion of the bellows-type diaphragm (26) is attached to the peripheral portion of the round support (24), the rear end of which is attached to the head portion (28) of the cylindrical missile housing; wherein the support tube (29), with its opposite end, is attached to the plug (30) of the chamber (2) and opens into its interior. The bullet according to claim 2, characterized in that the tank (38) with the inner space (39) for the pressure medium forms a bullet body and a detonator (40) is arranged in the inner space (39) of the tank (38), the bullet being provided with a head sleeve (44) attached to the front of the tank (38) via a peripheral rim (43) in which the supply valve (42) is arranged 20 of pressure medium into the mold cavity (47) and further to the head housing (44) by radial channels (48) formed in a ductile fabric (45) disposed at least in a portion of the head housing (44) to damp the impact of the projectile and / or dye. A bullet according to claim 10, characterized in that the ductile substance (45) is foamed or foamed 25 gel-like preparation consisting of open-pored nanoporous foam. 2 drawings 30 -7 GB 299005 B6 -8GB 299005 B6, 21 36 26 24, <T- \ x K -24) (( ³⁵ ' ^J ------)