CZ292152B6 - Hollow concrete block for landscaping - Google Patents

Abstract

The invented hollow concrete block for landscaping has the shape of a polygon (1, 2), which circumscribes an air space. It can be arranged with or without a base plate insert, and has teeth (28) and corresponding indentations (29) arranged on its circumference. The invention is characterized in that the polygon (1, 2), having at least one axis (3) of mirror symmetry, has at least two opposite corners (4,5), which are furthest from the axis (3) of symmetry, rounded off and at least one corner fillet (10), or also one of the initial regions (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19) of the straight walls (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27), which adjoin the corner fillets (10), have integrated fixed teeth (28) and indentations (29), so that two groups of teeth (28) and indentations (29), or a multiple thereof, lie opposite to one another. Preferably, all corners (6, 7, 8, and 9) of the hollow concrete block are replaced by curvatures (10) and the initial regions (14, 15, 16, 17, and 18) of the non-parallel straight walls (25, 27) and the curvatures (10) have teeth (28) and indentations (29). Advantage of the proposed concrete block is a possibility to form straight backings, securing even high slopes against landslides as well as possibility to lay the blocks in differently formed rows.

Description

Hollow concrete block for landscape creation

Technical field

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The invention relates to a hollow concrete shaped piece formed in a polygonal shape and optionally provided with a lower plate and teeth and recesses corresponding to the teeth.

Concrete blocks of this kind are essentially used to reinforce slopes with terraced or vertical structures or to construct enclosure walls.

These fittings are intended to allow easy laying, the reinforcing structure should give a favorable and articulated appearance, and it should be possible to form straight structures with substantially straight boundary surfaces from these fittings. A further task of these fittings is to ensure sufficient stability of the reinforcing structure even under problematic loads. It should be possible to form rows with any direction changes and curvature along arbitrary curves without losing the bond between adjacent fittings.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

It is known that concrete blocks of various kinds are used for securing slopes and fencing. Concrete fittings are known whose outer sides consist of convex and concave sections. However, it is not possible to assemble from these fittings lines having the shape of a curve or containing changes of direction. The wider the convex section protrudes above the concave section when rotated, the weaker the interconnection between adjacent fittings.

The convex and concave sections alternate on the visible side of the fitting, so that after assembling such fittings in a row, a boring wavy surface with ever-repeating waves arises for the observer.

If such concrete blocks are to be used to form slopes in the form of paving, these blocks must be worked and concave on concave and convex sections in order to serve as tiles. Such adjustment is very difficult to implement and requires a considerable amount of working time.

Therefore, concrete fittings have been designed, their face sides are straight and their convex and concave sections are formed on the invisible lateral sides. Although it is possible to create a planar outer surface from these concrete fittings, it is not possible to assemble rows of 90 ° direction changes.

Other rectangular or L-shaped concrete fittings are toothed on their outer walls. Such fittings can be used to form straight walls, stepped section walls, and 90 ° corners.

Furthermore, concrete fittings are known whose walls have the shape of an isosceles trapezoid. If these fittings are laid side by side with their narrow and mutually parallel sides, arcs can be formed from these fittings. However, these arcs are forced and their shape is determined by the inclination of the trapezoid arms and other direction changes cannot be created from these fittings. If these concrete fittings are to be laid in a straight line with each other, each additional fitting must be rotated 180 ° relative to the previous fitting so that the inclined side walls of the trapezoidal fitting abut one another. Fittings that face their narrow parallel side to the slope are pushed forward by the soil pressure from the mutual bond, so that the structural consistency of these fittings is not ensured.

-1 CZ 292152 B6

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the invention to provide a concrete fitting which is easy to fit and which gives a retaining structure for stiffening slopes a nice, articulated appearance. It should be possible to form straight walls from these fittings with a substantially direct boundary of adjacent surfaces. It is a further object of the invention to provide a fitting which, even at considerable slope displacements, is capable of providing stability to the support structure. It should be possible to construct the structures according to the invention with all possible changes in direction and to create arbitrary curves without losing the interconnection between the fittings.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

These objects are solved by a concrete shaped piece according to the invention, formed in the shape of a polygon, comprising a cavity and provided with an optionally inserted bottom plate and teeth and depressions. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In a polygon mirror-symmetrical to at least one axis, at least two opposing corners which are furthest from the axis of symmetry are replaced by rounding and at least one rounding or at least one contiguous area of straight walls adjacent to the rounding they are provided with shaped teeth and depressions and two groups of teeth and depressions or multiples thereof are opposed.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the teeth and depressions of one group are opposed to the teeth and depressions of the other group in terms of rotational symmetry by half of the tooth pitch or a multiple thereof and

In a trapezoidal concrete block according to its further preferred embodiment, all of its corners are replaced by fillets and the adjacent areas of non-parallel straight walls and the fillets have teeth and recesses.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 and 2 are plan views of a concrete fitting; FIGS. 3 and 4 are plan views of possible concrete fitting assemblies of FIG. 2; FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the terraced support of the assemblies; 3, 6 and 7 are plan views of the possibility of offsetting the concrete fittings in the assembly according to Fig. 2, Fig. 8 an axonometric view of the vertical mounting of the assemblies according to the design principle of Fig. 7 and Fig. 9 a plan view of the concrete Fittings put into binding.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Giant. 1 shows a plan view of one example of a concrete block having a polygonal shape mirror-shaped to at least one axis 3. At least two mutually opposite corners 4, 5 which are furthest from the axis 3 are replaced by rounds 10 and at least these rounds 10 or also one or two adjoining regions 11, 12, 13 of the adjacent straight walls 20, 21, 22, 23 adjoining the rounding 10 have fixed shaped teeth 28

Two gaps 29 and depressions 29 or even a plurality of these groups are arranged opposite one another, and the recesses 29 therebetween.

The polygon has a hexagonal shape in this example. The sides of the polygon that are not important to the bonding of the concrete fittings and which in this example are perpendicular to the axis 3 may have any shape as they form the visible sides of the concrete fittings. In the example shown, it is indicated that one of the view faces may also have the shape of a circular arc represented by dashed lines in plan view.

The teeth 28 and depressions 29 that are part of one group of such formations are offset against the teeth 28 and depressions 29 of the other group in terms of rotational symmetry by half the pitch of the teeth 28 or a multiple of this value.

In addition, the teeth 28 and depressions 29 are offset in front of the walls of the concrete fittings and are circumscribed by the same arcs in cross-section.

Giant. 2 shows another exemplary embodiment of a concrete block with a trapezoidal cross-section that is a particular polygon shape 2. All corners 6, 7, 8, 9 thereof are replaced by fillets 10 and adjacent areas 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 that are not formed. on straight, mutually parallel walls 25, 27 and rounds 10, they have teeth 28 and depressions 29.

Parallel walls do not need to have teeth 28 and depressions 29 because one tooth 28 starts at a rounding 10 and ends at adjacent areas 16, 19 of mutually parallel walls 24, 26. Teeth 28a shown in dashed lines and formed on mutually parallel walls 24 26 are not important to the design principle of the invention, but may be formed on concrete fittings for other reasons.

FIG. 3 illustrates one of the possible concrete block assemblies of FIG. 2. Concrete blocks having a substantially trapezoidal shape of their horizontal section are assembled in a row in the same orientation so that their longest parallel walls extend in a single line. The teeth of the concrete fittings extend between each other. This assembly represents an economical bond that requires the least number of concrete fittings per meter of reinforcing structure.

Giant. 4 illustrates another exemplary concrete block assembly. The individual concrete blocks are rotated 180 ° compared to the adjacent concrete blocks. Because the ribs are formed only on narrower parallel running walls of the concrete fittings, this assembly results in an alternation of the rib structure with substantially smooth viewing surfaces. Also in this assembly, the individual teeth of the two tooth systems interfere with each other so that the individual concrete fittings cannot slide relative to each other. It can be seen from Figures 3 and 4 that straight concrete walls having substantially planar areas of adjacent surfaces can be formed from the concrete shaped pieces according to the invention.

The concrete block assemblies according to the invention shown in Figures 3 and 4 may be stacked vertically one above the other or the individual rows may be offset rearward to form a terraced system.

As can be seen from FIG. 4, the individual layers of concrete fittings can be rotated vertically with respect to each other by 180 [deg.].

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a terraced slope formed from the concrete block assembly of FIG. 3.

Thanks to its simple trapezoidal shape, the concrete block can be designed as a small building block weighing between 20 kg and 25 kg, while providing ample space for growing plants. This design allows easy handling of the concrete fittings according to the invention.

Giant. 6 shows the possibilities of varying lateral offset of concrete fittings. The offset of the concrete fittings is made along their lateral sides, which are not parallel to each other. In this case too, the tooth systems interfere with one another so that the individual concrete fittings cannot be displaced relative to one another. In order to exhaust all possibilities of offset, the external teeth can be formed on walls that are not parallel to each other over their entire width.

Fig. 7 shows an assembly with regular alternating ejection of concrete blocks forwards and backwards according to the principle shown in Fig. 6. By extending the concrete blocks forwards and backwards, the statically effective cross-section of the slope reinforcement is increased. The greater the regular offset of the individual concrete blocks in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the retaining wall, the more stable the resulting slope reinforcement will be. Accordingly, the concrete blocks according to the invention can create a reliable slope-catching structure even in problematic cases.

Another possible placement of the concrete fittings in the next top layer is shown in dashed lines in this example. It is apparent from this illustration that a vertical passage is formed in every second column of concrete fittings, so that it is possible to place reinforcement in this shaft if necessary and fill it with concrete mixture to create a mixed building structure which has substantially greater stability.

Giant. Fig. 8 is an axonometric view of the vertical retaining wall formed by the design principle of Fig. 7. The two lower layers of concrete fittings are shown in gray in Fig. 7, while the two higher layers of concrete fittings are shown in dashed lines in Fig. 7. The support wall according to this exemplary embodiment has a considerably rugged appearance for the viewer. If the concrete blocks are also provided with lower bearing plates, a foundation structure can also be formed from these alternately laid rows over the entire length of the retaining wall.

Fig. 9 shows a plan view of a concrete block assembly in which the teeth of a concrete block always fit into the recesses of an adjacent block. From this example, it is apparent that the concrete fittings of the present invention can produce rows with all desired changes in direction and curvature.

The concrete fittings according to the invention are installed similarly to those known in the prior art and can be filled with soil suitable for growing plants.

Claims (4)

PATENT CLAIMS Hollow concrete block for forming a landscape, formed in the shape of a polygon and provided with an optionally inserted bottom plate, teeth and depressions corresponding to the teeth, characterized in that for a polygon (1, 2) mirror-symmetrical to at least one axis (3) two opposing corners (4, 5) which are furthest from the symmetry axis (3), replaced by rounds (10) and at least these rounds (10), or at least one adjacent region (11, 12, 13, 14, 15), 16, 17, 18, 19) of the straight walls (20, 21,22, 23,24, 25, 26, 27) adjacent to the fillets (10) are provided with shaped teeth (28) and depressions (29) and two groups of teeth (28) and depressions (29) or multiples thereof are opposed. Concrete fitting according to claim 1, characterized in that the teeth (28) and depressions (29) of one group are offset against the teeth (28) and depressions (29) of the other group in terms of rotational symmetry by half the tooth pitch or multiple . Concrete block according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the teeth (28) and depressions (29) protrude from the peripheral walls of the concrete block and are limited in cross-section by the same arcs. Concrete block according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in the trapezoidal block, all corners (6, 7, 8, 9) are replaced by roundings (10) and adjacent areas (14, 15, 16, 17, 18) of non-parallel straight lines. The walls (25, 27) and rounding (10) have teeth (28) and depressions (29).