CZ289565B6 - Safety device for automatic control for the opening of skylights, windows or doors - Google Patents

Abstract

The invented safety device (1) for automatic control for the opening of skylights comprises a valve body (2) being connected with a thermosensitive cistern (4), a pressure vessel (10) containing pressurized gas serving for driving an actuating mechanism intended for the opening of a skylight and an electromagnetic valve (20) the movable element (21) of which cooperates with a blocking device (3) of said thermosensitive cistern (4). A piston (6) coupled in slidable manner within said valve body (2) is provided with a pin (7) suitable for piercing a breakable membrane (12), which is disposed beyond said the pressure vessel (10) delivery outlet in order to supply a propellant to the actuating mechanism when said movable element (21) releases said thermosensitive cistern (4).

Description

Field of the invention

The present invention relates to a safety device for automatically controlling the opening of roof windows, windows or doors in the event of a fire, which is particularly suitable for use in roof windows.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

It is known that if skylights are present in a building, they should be equipped with a safety device suitable for the automatic control of their opening to ensure that in the event of a fire, the combustion products are vented.

More specifically, in the event of a fire, said safety devices should be able to supply a compressed gas, which is usually the carbon dioxide CO ₂ contained in the pressure vessel, an actuator that controls the opening of the sunroof.

According to embodiments implemented in current technologies, said safety devices are precisely made up of a gas container filled with a gas having a delivery orifice which is connected to a channel supplying the sunroof actuator, which container is sealed by a breakable membrane. A shutter, provided with a locking mechanism which is actuated by the actuator when opening, which is actuated by an electric pulse controlled by an electric pulse derived from a manual drive or an automatic remote control, is placed in front of said breakable diaphragm.

The safety devices implemented in current technologies, one of which has just been described, present the difficulty that the resistance that ignites the Joule detonator establishes an ohmic driving element, which is particularly sensitive to atmospheric influences, to induced currents, radio frequency disturbances present in the environment, so that the safety device can be put into operation in a completely accidental case.

A further disadvantage is that periodic maintenance of such safety devices is relatively costly due to the expensive charge that is not reusable multiple times.

Last but not least, for such a safety device, whenever the simulated operation needs to be tested, or when the roof window has to be opened intentionally in order to ventilate the odor or smoke from the room, manual intervention is required, operation sniper charge, which, however, must then be replaced with a new one.

In order to eliminate such a disadvantage, a solution has been proposed which comprises a safety device which is provided with electromechanical means, in particular a solenoid, which mechanically acts on the pressure vessel by means of a lever transmission and allows it to be removed without damage. if necessary, open the sunroof manually. Such a safety device has the advantage that it allows simulating the operation of the device without damaging any of its components.

In addition, if the induction drive element is a solenoid that is not sensitive to external electrical faults, the risk of accidental commissioning is eliminated.

However, the safety device presents the disadvantage that the solenoid consumes a relatively large amount of current because it has to exert a relatively high pressure force on the lever transmission to the thermosensitive container in order to actuate it.

-1 CZ 289565 B6

In particular, as determined by the tests performed, a solenoid that is supplied with a 24 V DC current to operate correctly consumes a current of at least 2 amperes.

The solenoids that form part of the safety devices are all in series, and therefore, especially in industrial installations where there are a large number of roof windows and smoke vents, it is necessary to place the power lines in sections and supply them with a suitable uninterruptible power supply. and in any case the electrical wiring must be designed by an experienced specialist.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks.

In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide a safety device suitable for the automatic operation of sunroofs, provided with an electromagnetic drive mechanism which consumes much less electric current than known safety devices made according to current technological knowledge.

Another object of the invention is to provide a safety device which can be operated manually to verify its operability and to simulate the opening of the sunroof, which can be brought back to the ready position after testing.

Finally, it is an object of the invention to provide a safety device which can be manually operated to open the sunroof without damaging the thermosensitive container.

The object of the present invention is to provide a safety device for automatically controlling the opening of sunroofs, windows or doors or the like, comprising a valve body in which a chamber is formed which communicates with at least a gas sunroof opening actuator; an end with a pin and an elastic member at the other end to ensure its axial movement of the piston within the chamber, a pressure vessel containing pressurized gas provided with a delivery orifice connected to the chamber and feeding it with pressurized gas when the pin pierces a breakable diaphragm a thermosensitive container positioned between the locking device for maintaining the thermosensitive container in position by its axially compressed induced pressure device in contact with the piston according to the invention, the principle of which is The receptacle comprises a support member abutting the first end of the thermosensitive receptacle and rotatably coupled to the valve body connected to the pusher and a control member receiving the second end of the thermosensitive receptacle and rotatably coupled to the body a valve against which it is blocked by a settling element connected to the movable solenoid element.

The pusher is designed to rotate the support member with which it cooperates to release the entire thermosensitive container when the solenoid detaches the movable member from the settling member for free rotation of the thermosensitive container control member to allow the piston to slide within the chamber supported by the elastic member.

The support and control element, which forms the locking device and between which the thermosensitive container is firmly held, is connected to the valve body by means of pins mounted in the seats.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the support element which bears against the first end of the thermosensitive container is provided with a first cylindrical pin which is in the neutral position housed in a first seat formed in the valve body, the first cylindrical pin forming a first reference plane for stopping the pusher. that is in contact with the piston.

-2GB 289565 B6

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pusher comprises a ball arranged in an annular recess with conically opposite walls formed in the piston body, the ball being slidably disposed within a chamber formed in the valve body perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the piston and contacting the pusher the plane of the first cylindrical pin belonging to the support element.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, an O-ring seal is disposed within the chamber formed in the valve body, in which the pressure spindle is slidably mounted.

Preferably, the longitudinal axis of the pressure spindle is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the first cylindrical pin to form eccentric contact with the first reference plane.

Finally, according to yet another preferred embodiment of the invention, the control element in which the second end of the thermosensitive container is received is formed on a second cylindrical pin which is in the neutral position housed in a second seat formed in the valve body and forming an end projecting from the valve body provided a second seat for receiving the second end of the thermosensitive container, wherein the second cylindrical pin in the roof position is provided with a second reference plane which is in contact with the pusher device belonging to the valve body and connected to the movable solenoid element.

The operation of the solenoid consists only in reversing action of the movable element which blocks the rotation of the control element which, when free, rotates freely in its seat, as it is eccentrically pushed by raising the piston connected in the cylinder chamber of the valve itself.

Therefore, the solenoid can only be supplied with a limited electric current, because, in a manner different from that of the known electromechanical control devices today, it does not have to perform any push function acting on the mechanical elements, but on the contrary since the safety device functions correctly when the resilient member axially pushes the piston connected in the cylindrical chamber of the valve body.

Advantageously, the installation of a safety device in an embodiment according to the invention allows, as already mentioned, to use the same power line that was used for the currently known technologies of the above, even if they are already installed.

Also advantageously in the case of new installations, it is possible to realize electrical systems that supply them at a lower cost and less complex, since the supply currents for this safety device are lower, the checkpoints may be identical to the safety devices according to equivalent current technologies.

List of figures in drawings

The meaning and advantages will be better illustrated by describing preferred embodiments of the present invention, which will be presented by way of example, not limiting of the invention, and which will refer to the drawings appended hereto in which:

Giant. 1 shows the safety device according to the invention in longitudinal section and in a rest position,

Giant. 2 shows a detail of the safety device of FIG. 1,

Giant. 3 shows the safety device shown in FIG. 1, here in side view showing a thermosensitive container,

Giant. 4 shows a detail of the safety device shown in FIG. 3,

-3GB 289565 B6

Giant. 5 shows a safety device in an embodiment according to the invention, indicated in longitudinal section and in a configuration where the device is intended to be put into operation,

Giant. 6 shows a detail of the safety device shown in FIG. 5,

Giant. Fig. 7 shows a side view of the safety device shown in Fig. 53, partially in section, showing movable solenoid elements; and

Giant. 8 shows an enlarged detail of the safety device corresponding to the description of the movable solenoid elements 10.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

As can be seen in FIG. 1, the safety device according to the invention, as a whole denoted by 1, is formed by a valve body 2 which is provided externally with a locking device 3 suitable for supporting the thermosensitive container 4 and which moves the piston 6, provided at one end with a pin 7 and at the other end with an elastic element 8 (spring) suitable for realizing axial slip by pushing.

It can also be seen that on one side the sleeve 9 which connects said chamber 5 with the sunroof servo drive, both indicated in the figure, is mounted on the valve body 2. However, on the opposite side and coaxially in accordance with the pin 7, there is a pressure vessel 10 containing inert compressed gas, said vessel being a delivery orifice 11 which is connected 25 to said chamber 5 and is closed by a breakable membrane 12 mounted on the valve body 2. .

With respect to said blocking device 3 of said thermosensitive container 4, it can be observed that it consists of:

- a support element 31 which receives the first end 41 of the thermosensitive container 4 and is provided with a first cylindrical pin 32 pivotally connected in a first seat 35 formed in the valve body 2,

a control element 33 which receives the second end 42 of the same thermosensitive container 4 and is provided with a second cylindrical pin 34 connected in a second seat 36 formed in the same valve body 2.

Finally, it can be seen that the first cylindrical pin 32 of said support element 31 cooperates with a pusher 15, a designation for the assembly, more particularly seen in Fig. 3, consisting of a ball 16 disposed in an annular recess 17 with conical opposite walls 18 2, also shown in detail in FIG. 2, slips inside a chamber 180 formed in the valve body 2 and is in contact with a thrust spindle 19 which slides in the same chamber 180 and which is opposed to a first plane 321 deflected by a distance 190 relative to the longitudinal axis of said first pin 32 to which it belongs.

A solenoid 20 is provided in the upper part of the valve body 2, the movable element 21 of which cooperates with a settling element 22 which is formed of a third pin 221 which is formed by an elastic spring 224 and in contact with a second plane 341 belonging to said second cylinder pin. 34.

More specifically, as shown in Figures 4 and 8, said first pin 221 is provided with a groove 222 into which, when the safety device is in the rest position indicated in Figures 1 and 2, the movable member 21 sits for the purpose of 1, and adheres to the reference second plane 341 of said second cylindrical pin 34. When the safety device of the present invention is in the rest position, as just indicated, it is in the configuration described in FIGS. 1 and 3 in which the ball 16 is positioned in the annular recess 17 of the piston 6 and is pushed upward by the side 55 conical opposing walls 18 so as to keep the pressure spindle 19 in contact with the first plane 321,

The bias 32 is offset by a distance of 190 relative to the axis of the first cylindrical pin 32 to which the first plane 321 belongs.

The movable member 21 keeps the third peg 221 locked in the position of FIG. 3 and at the same time opposite the reference second plane 341 of the second pivot pin 34 to prevent it from rotating. Consequently, the thermosensitive container 4, which is represented by one container end 41 and the other container end 42 respectively positioned in the first seat 131 of the support element 31 and in the second seat 331 of the control element 33, is locked in position by axial compression caused by said push device 15.

In such a situation, the piston 6 remains in the position shown in Fig. 1, where, although loaded by the elastic member 8, it is blocked by the presence of a ball 16 which prevents it from approaching the pressure vessel 10 in the direction 30 indicated by the arrow. provided, it is separated from the breakable membrane 12.

In such a position the actuator which opens the sunroof is not actuated by the gas contained in the pressure vessel 10 and therefore the sunroof remains closed.

In the event of a fire, the thermosensitive container 4 breaks, and the first cylindrical pin 32 of the support element 31 can rotate to a neutral position in its longitudinal axis, since it is no longer blocked at that position by a rigid body that prevents its rotation. container 4.

The pressure spindle 19 can therefore move upwards as it is pushed by a ball 16 which is lifted by axial pressure on the piston 6 caused by the elastic stretching of the element 8 which, as shown in Fig. 5, pushes the pin 7 to break through a breakable diaphragm 12 of the pressure vessel 10.

During such a movement, the control element 33 is fixedly fixed in position.

The inert compressed gas flows through the inner channel 71 of the pin 7 so that it can reach the channel 91 of the sleeve 9 from which it is conveyed by means of a pipe (not shown) to the sunroof actuator and ensures its proper opening.

It can be observed that the inert compressed gas, which also fills the chamber 180, cannot flow out through the holes formed in the element constituting the safety device itself, because, as shown in FIG. 6, an o-ring seal 181 located in the chamber 180 The air-tightness is tightened on the ball 16 and prevents compressed gas from passing through the chamber 180.

This occurs in the event of a fire when the safety device is put into operation.

After the safety device is put into operation, it is reset to the rest position shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 by manually rotating the support element 31 and the overhanging control element 33 to return the thermosensitive container 4 back to the an initial position that is capable of further operation.

The sunroof is manually closed, and the gas that is now inside the actuator to allow the sunroof to be opened is discharged into the ambient atmosphere through a connecting pipe (not shown), channel 91 of the sleeve 9, which is crossed along direction 191 and chamber 180. from which it then exits after passing through the gaps formed between the individual elements of the security device, as seen in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. The ball 16 is then seated gas-tight on the gasket 181.

However, it is possible to ensure that the safety device itself is put into operation manually, by operating it in such a way as to intentionally open the sunroof, even if this is not the result of a fire or in order to verify its own operability.

-5GB 289565 B6

In such a case, by switching off the interrupter which is not able in the drawing, the solenoid 20, which, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, releases the movable member 21 from the groove 222 formed on the third pin 221, which is now no longer mechanically locked, retracts in the direction of movement 223 and compresses the spring 224 and releases the second pin 34 thereby allowing it to rotate about its axis.

The pressurization to which the thermosensitive container 4 is subjected to the reaction of the pusher 15, and in particular the pressure spindle 19, influenced by the force of the ball 16, causes the second cylindrical pin 34 to rotate, the second seat 331 releasing the thermosensitive container 4. 131, which connects it to the supporting element 10 31, and therefore also puts the first cylindrical pin 32 in the neutral position, which is rotated by raising the pressure spindle 19 and allowing the piston 6 to slip due to the pushing of the element 8.

Also in this case the movement of the pin 7, which is seen in the configuration in FIG. 5, is ensured.

Obviously, if the user intends to activate the safety device solely to verify its operability, the user must ensure, before actuating, that the pressure vessel 10 has been removed to prevent the diaphragm from stretching and that the safety device is retracted. seating the thermosensitive container 4 when released by the locking device 3.

Conversely, if the user proceeds to open the sunroof using the compressed gas contained in the pressure vessel 10, it will be understood that only the thermosensitive vessel 4 will be able to reuse.

After any automatic or manual intervention of the safety device, as previously mentioned, it is necessary to reset it to the initial rest position shown in Figs. 1 and 3, by manually rotating the support element 31 and the overhanging control element 33 so to re-establish the thermosensitive container 4 and prepare it for further operation.

It is possible to summarize the matter on the basis of what has already been said, that is, the safety device 30 according to the invention achieves all predetermined tasks.

In particular, the task of securing the operation of a safety device using solenoids which are supplied with lower currents than is necessary for those safety devices with solenoids in use that belong to current technologies, and in particular achieves the intended tasks relative to the safety device which is described in Patent Application No. 35 PD93U000125, filed on behalf of the inventor of the invention.

Of course, the solenoid 20 of the security device of the present invention, which is equipped with a movable member 21, is only required by lifting the movable member 21. As a result, the solenoid 20 need not cause any force response to any 40 mechanical member. Subsequently, the power output should be small and the current consumed is limited, which allowed the experimental tests carried out on the prototypes of the device to be set at around 250 milliamperes.

It has also been observed that it is desirable to operate the safety device of the embodiment of the present invention manually and by operating the operator, for example, to verify operability without destroying the thermosensitive vessel and consuming the compressed gas contained in the pressure vessel.

In addition, the limited electric current consumed by the solenoid, which has been determined by 50 experimental tests to be about 250 milliamperes, allows the installation of safety devices of the present invention also to replace electrical or electromechanical safety devices of today's known technology without it would be necessary to replace or modify existing power lines.

Claims (6)

PATENT CLAIMS A safety device for automatically controlling the opening of sunroofs, windows or doors or the like, comprising a valve body (2) in which a chamber (5) is formed which communicates with at least a gas servo for opening the sunroof, a piston (6). inserted inside the chamber (5) and provided at one end with a pin (7) and at the other end with an elastic element (8) to ensure its axial movement of the piston (6) in the chamber (5); provided with a delivery orifice (11) connected to the chamber (5) and supplying it with compressed gas when the pin (7) pierces the breakable diaphragm (12) located behind the delivery orifice (11) and a thermosensitive container (11); 4) located between the locking device (3) for keeping the thermosensitive container (4) in position by its axial compression caused by the pushing device (15) in contact with the piston (6), characterized by characterized in that the blocking device (3) of the thermosensitive container (4) comprises a support element (31) on which the first end (41) of the thermosensitive container (4) bears and which is rotatably connected to the valve body (2) which is connected to a pusher (15), and a control element (33) receiving the second end (42) of the thermosensitive container (4) and rotatably connected to the valve body (2) to which it is blocked by the settling element (15). 22) connected to a movable element (21) of the solenoid (20). Security device according to claim 1, characterized in that the support element (31) on which the first end (41) of the thermosensitive container (4) bears is provided with a first cylindrical pin (32) which is mounted in the neutral position in the first a seat (35) formed in the valve body (2), wherein a first reference plane (321) for stopping the pushing device (15) in contact with the piston (6) is formed on the first cylindrical pin (32). Security device according to claim 2, characterized in that the pushing device (15) comprises a ball (16) arranged in an annular recess (17) with conically opposite walls (18) formed in the piston body (6). ), wherein the ball (16) is slidably mounted within a chamber (180) formed in the valve body (2) perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the piston (6) and is in contact with a thrust spindle (19) which abuts the first reference plane (321) a first cylindrical pin (32) belonging to the support element (31). Safety device according to claim 3, characterized in that an O-ring seal (181) is housed inside the chamber (180) formed in the valve body (2) in which the pressure spindle (19) is slidably mounted. Safety device according to claim 3, characterized in that the longitudinal axis of the pressure spindle (19) is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the first cylindrical pin (32) for eccentric contact with the first reference plane (321). Security device according to claim 1, characterized in that the control element (33) receiving the second end (42) of the thermosensitive container (4) is formed on a second cylindrical pin (34) which is mounted in the neutral position. a second seat (36) formed in the valve body (2) and forming an end protruding from the valve body (2) provided with a second seat (331) for receiving the second end (42) of the thermosensitive container (4), 1), in the middle position, is provided with a second reference plane (341) which is in contact with a thrust device (15) belonging to the valve body (2) and connected to a movable solenoid element (21).