CZ281579B6 - Process of and apparatus for one-stage continuous production of rubber compound - Google Patents

Abstract

A method and an apparatus for the single-stage, continuous manufacture of an unvulcanised rubber base mixture and finish mixture for vehicle tyres, driving belts, conveyor belts and technical rubber articles in only one mixing device is presented, in which both the unvulcanised rubber base mixture and the unvulcanised rubber finish mixture can be produced continuously in one and the same mixing device using a double-screw extruder. <IMAGE>

Description

Process for single-step continuous production of a rubber mixture and apparatus for carrying out the process

Technical field

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention which are connected to the drive for their driving along the longitudinal axis.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The rubber mixtures represent the starting material of each elastomeric product such as tires, conveyor belts, sealing profiles, spring bellows and the like. They are complex, reactive and multi-component systems. Generally, they are made of rubber, plasticizer oil to adjust the polymer and improve processing properties, chemicals to achieve special properties such as flame and light protection, finishes, fillers, especially carbon black, silicic acid or mechanical strength fibers, crosslinking systems crosslinking agents, activators, accelerators and retarders.

Due to different forms of conditions, such as bales, granulates, powders and liquids, extremely different viscosities and strongly different proportions, for example one part sulfur per 100 parts rubber, mixing these individual fabric components constitutes a very difficult task to solve both the manufacturing process and the machinery. In addition, the actual mixing process is of particular importance since the physical and chemical properties of the finished elastomeric product depend not only on the formulation of the rubber compound but also on the mixing technique. Thus, for example, the sequence of addition of rubber, carbon black and plasticizer has a considerable effect on the dispersion of the carbon black and thus on the mechanical strength of the finished product.

According to the state of the art, rubber mixtures are produced almost exclusively on kneading machines, generally known as kneaders. The equipment of the kneading machines comprises dosing, weighing and transport systems, a kneading machine, a conveyor or a rolling machine, i.e. a twin-roll, for adjusting the filling of the kneading machine, a cooling device and a control and cutting device.

The mixing process itself takes place in a chamber which has two closing openings and two parallel rotating rotors, which are fitted with kneading elements. The mixing chamber walls, rotors, filling port and discharge flap are tempered with circulating liquid. The fabric components are fed through the feed shaft when the inlet opening cap is raised, while the liquids can be directly dispensed into the mixing chamber through nozzles. The edges of the rotating kneading vanes form joints in which the material is sheared and dispersed. The kneading elements are formed such that the mixture is forced to be conveyed in the longitudinal and circumferential directions. From the laminar flow field, the resulting current division and overlay creates a distributive mixing effect. At the end of the cycle, the mixing chamber is opened by tilting the flap and the mixture is forced out by the rotors.

-1GB 281579 B6

The cycle time required to form a homogeneous mixture is determined empirically for each formulation. The control process terminates the process when the preset values of time, rotor torque, rotor speed, mix temperature or energy input are reached.

The energy introduced by the rotors is largely absorbed in the highly viscous polymer mass. Due to the unfavorable thermal-technical conditions of the surfaces and the volume of the mixing chamber, this absorbed heat can be dissipated only to a limited extent. For this reason, the increasing temperature of the mixture is one of the most serious drawbacks of the kneading process. In order to prevent premature start of the temperature-dependent crosslinking reaction, the rubber compound in general must be produced in several stages in kneading machines. In the first step, all components of the incapable reaction are mixed. In the case of high fill concentration and thermal instability of polymers, multiple cycles may occur.

After being ejected from the kneading machine, the premixed masterbatch is cooled from 100 ° C to 160 ° C to 20 ° C to 40 ° C and then transported to the finishing mixing stage. There, the crosslinking chemicals are also admixed in the kneading machine. A temperature of about 80 ° C to 10 ° C must not be exceeded. The final mixture, which contains all the components after this step, is recooled to 20 ° C to 40 ° C. In many cases, the finished mixture is stored for a further 20 to 40 hours prior to further processing in order to increase the quality of the mixture to the desired value by diffusion transport of materials during this time.

The production of rubber compounds by kneading machines has two significant drawbacks. First, the kneading machine can only be operated discontinuously. This results in the interruption of the continuous technological cycle with organizational and logistical problems. Furthermore, there is a risk of quality fluctuations, since intermittent operation cannot eliminate the effects of each cycle.

Secondly, the temperature of the mixture can be influenced only within narrow limits. Therefore, the mixing process takes place in several stages and after each stage it is necessary to reshape and cool it. Due to the multi-stage processing, the mixing time is increased, the energy consumption is increased by repeated plasticization and cooling of the mixture, as well as the need to ensure storage and transport capacity for the intermediate mixture.

Due to these shortcomings of the kneading machine, the development of alternative mixing units began in the 1960s. DE 11 42 839 discloses a rubber mixing conveyor. It is a single-screw conveyor with a rotating screw and a standing roller of the conveyor groove. The material is repeatedly conveyed by the conveyor grooves of the screw into the grooves of the cylinder and back, thereby achieving good mixing. However, combining the production of the rubber base and the finished mixture into a continuous technological process and handling it in only one mixing device was not possible for thermal reasons.

DE 16 79 829 discloses a two-shaft end mixing machine. The machine consists essentially of two opposed and double-sided mounted shafts, which are shaped as conveying worms in the inlet area and as dough in the outlet area.

-2EN 281579 B6 blades. The processing time can be controlled by the shaft speed and throttling in the outlet cross section.

Another shaft mixer has worm sides many times openwork. The kneading teeth mounted on the cylinder interfere with this breakdown during rotation. To improve longitudinal mixing, the shaft performs an oscillating longitudinal movement at each revolution.

EP-A-227 558 discloses a method and apparatus for forming rubber compositions in which two kneading machines are arranged in series. The first kneading machine performs the basic mixing of the rubber, while the second kneading machine provides the final mixing. The second kneading machine is located directly below the mixer for the rubber master mix so that the mix is fed into the finishing mixer at each cycle and can be further processed there.

In this way, expensive cooling and reheating in the prior intermediate storage of the base mixture are avoided. A drawback is, as with all other production methods and production facilities, the impossibility of continuous production of finished rubber mixtures. In addition, the capability of cooling the second kneading machine due to the ratio of the cooled surface to the amount of the mixture is poor.

Of the alternative equipment to the kneading machine, none has prevailed in operational practice for largely technical reasons, ie insufficient mixing performance and thermal problems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

These drawbacks are largely overcome by the one-step continuous production process of a rubber compound for automotive tires, drive belts, conveyor belts and technical rubber products, which is based on the raw rubber being fed into a twin-screw conveyor where it is plasticized and homogenized, then they add the necessary non-reactive components at preselected distances along the twin screw conveyor, which are homogenized with raw rubber at a temperature of from 100 ° C to 160 ° C, thereby forming a masterbatch of rubber, which is subsequently cooled to 100 ° C in the twin screw conveyor. C to 120 ° C. All the ingredients necessary for the finished rubber mixture are added to the rubber base mixture held at this temperature, which are mixed into and homogenized with the rubber base mixture. The finished rubber mixture with constant cooling is kept at a temperature level to prevent vulcanization.

The device for the single-stage continuous production of a rubber compound consists of a twin-screw conveyor consisting of a housing in which parallel or counter-rotating worms are closely engaged, coupled to a drive for driving them along a longitudinal axis. with a first main zone for processing the base rubber mixture and a second part with a second main zone for processing the finished rubber mixture. The second part of the housing is provided with a cooling device along its entire length.

According to a preferred embodiment, a first raw rubber filler opening, a third softener filler opening, a fourth carbon black filler opening, a first degassing opening for a first portion of the gaseous mixture, a fifth reactive filling opening are provided in the housing

And a second degassing opening for the second portion of the gaseous mixture. The distance of the feed orifices and the degassing orifices from the first feed orifice depends on the amount of substance to be added or discharged, the number of screw revolutions, the amount discharged per time unit and the viscosity of the raw rubber.

According to another preferred embodiment, the total length of the twin-screw conveyor is up to 60 times the screw diameter. The first main zone and the second main zone, depending on the components of the mixing process, have a ratio of 70% to 30% or 30% to 70%, in particular 50% to 50%, based on the total length of the twin screw conveyor.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the first housing part and the second housing part are formed of two separate units. The second housing part is provided in front of the sixth housing part with an auxiliary part having a second filler opening for the base rubber compound in which the second nozzle is inserted, located at the end of the fifth part of the first housing part. In the first housing part there are two first screw parts and in the second housing part two second screw parts are located. The longitudinal axes of the housing parts are variable.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the first housing part and the second housing part are formed from two separate, interconnected units. In the first part of the housing are located two first parts of the screws and in the second part of the housing are located two second parts of the screws. The longitudinal axes of the housing parts lie in one horizontal plane. The second screw portion has a larger diameter than the first screw portion.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the distance between the individual openings is 0.5 to 10 times the screw diameter.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the cooling device is provided with at least one cooling medium.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the cooling device in the second housing part is provided with bores for guiding the cooling medium.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the cooling device in the second housing part is provided with cooling channels arranged along the surface of the housing.

According to a further preferred embodiment, a first drive of the first screw part is located at the outer end of the first housing part and a second drive of the second screw part is located at the outer end of the second housing part.

The advantage of the proposed method and apparatus is that the finished rubber is economically and continuously produced into a finished rubber mixture without the need to store and cool the rubber for cooling and diffusion exchange, without producing vulcanization of the rubber in the mixer.

A further advantage of the proposed method and apparatus is that it has considerable advantages over similar apparatus used hitherto. In addition to improving the quality of the continuously produced ready-mixed rubber compound, considerable savings in production costs are also achieved, since when using a device with a mixing chamber volume of 50 to 500 liters, in particular

-4GB 281579 B6

350 1, the cost of production of 1 kg consists on average of the following material cost 85% labor cost 8% machine manufacturing cost 7% rubber compound capable of crosslinking items:

total 100%

From this table it is clear savings are 15%.

that maximum achievement

The 350 L device produces about 2,300 kg / h at normal mixing times, filling rates including preparation, and three-shift operation. Cost ratios also apply to this performance.

A further advantage is that the proposed device comprises both stages of production in a single unit and requires only two operators, compared to three operators operating known devices, composed of two separate units.

The basis for the calculation of fixed costs is the depreciation period of 15 years and an interest rate of 6%. The investment costs consist of the price of the dosing and charging equipment, the mixing unit, including the drive and steering, and the Batchoff equipment. In the case of the first installation, the cost increases for the preloading device supplied mostly in the form of packages, as well as a 20% surcharge for additional costs that cannot be estimated at present.

The following table summarizes the individual items that make up the machine manufacturing cost for the known conventional production in the kneading machine and for the newly designed method and apparatus.

Process costs in known kneading machines represent values according to industry experience. The cost of the newly designed method and equipment has been estimated based on years of experience.

kneading machine basic finished new way and equipment

DM / t mixture

DM / t DM / t

labor costs 33.70 33.70 22.50 machine production costs: electricity 37.20 13.70 59.20 cooling 3.70 3.30 5.00 maintenance 25.80 22.90 , fixed costs 51.90 51.90 42.40 auxiliary work costs: weighing, check chemical 26.10 12.40 26.10 transport and storage 23.90 24.40 ------ control and release ---- 27.50 ----- waste 1.00 1.00 1.00 total cost 203,30 190.80 156.20

394.10

-5GB 281579 B6

When installing a laboratory, an adverse case is considered in which some components of the mixture cannot be continuously dosed due to their low concentration. For the pre-production of these mixtures of materials, the cost of weighing and checking chemicals is given at the level usual in the manufacturing process using known equipment. Conversely, the cost of transporting, storing, controlling and releasing the production mixture is eliminated because the proposed equipment produces a rubber mixture that is directly processable into the final product.

From this cost considerations, the production method and equipment proposed reduce production costs by 60.4%. In 1988, 2.83 million tonnes of rubber blends were produced in Europe with an average price of 8,000 DM / t. With a share of 15% of production costs, the proposed method and equipment under these conditions can only save DM 2,051,184,000 for the European rubber industry. This means a significant increase in the ability to compete using the proposed solution.

In the continuous operation of the proposed device, not only economic but also technical advantages arise, since in the continuous process the risk of quality variation is many times smaller than with known devices.

In the proposed device, the geometry of the mixing and conveying elements of the rubber compound to be produced can be optimally adapted by the modules, thus achieving an optimum mixture quality. Due to the excellent quality of the mixture and its time constant, expensive testing on release to production can be avoided. Furthermore, it is not necessary to store them in an intermediate storage for many rubber mixtures for the purpose of diffusion equalization processes. Immediately following the mixing process, the material can be processed without being plasticized into a semi-finished or finished product.

Overview of the drawings

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a twin-screw conveyor for the continuous production of a base and finished rubber mixture in a single cycle; FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a twin-screw conveyor with two housing parts and two screws for separate Fig. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of another twin-screw conveyor with two housing parts and two screw parts; and Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the Z-Z of Fig. 1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The device in Fig. 1 consists of a twin-screw conveyor, which is formed by a housing 1, in which two driven, parallel worms 2 which are closely engaged and which are parallel to one another are rotatable. The housing 1 consists of interconnected parts aa. ab, ac, ad, and e. af. aq. ah. ai. The first part aa to the fifth part ae form the first part 9 of the housing 1, which forms the first main zone A for the treatment of the base rubber compound g. The sixth part af to ninth part ai forms the second part 10 of the housing 1, which forms the second main zone B for processing the finished rubber mixture. In the first part aa, a first filling opening 5 for the raw rubber a is formed. In the third part ac a third filling opening 22 is provided for the softener b, consisting of a softening oil or other chemical. In the fourth part ad is

A fourth filling opening 23 is provided for carbon black or Talcum. In the sixth part af a first degassing opening 24 is provided for the first part d of the gaseous mixtures. In the seventh part aq a fifth filling opening 25 for the reactive components e is formed. In the eighth part ah a second degassing opening 26 is provided for the second part f of the gaseous mixtures. At the end of the ninth part ai a first nozzle 3 is connected to exit the finished rubber mixture from the second part 10 of the housing 1, which is provided with a cooling device formed by openings 4 formed in all the parts af, aq, ah, ai of the second part 10 of the housing 1. The distance of the filling openings 22, 23, 25 and the degassing openings 24, 26 from the first filling opening 5 depends on the amount of substance to be added or discharged, the screw speed 2, the amount applied per unit time and the viscosity of the raw rubber a. The first main zone A and the second main zone B, depending on the components of the mixing process, have a ratio of 70% to 30% or 30% to 70%, depending on the total length of the screw conveyor. especially 50% to 50%.

In the housing, the worms 2, which are identical to the parts aa, ab, but in the different functions of the twin-screw conveyor of FIG. 1, rotate two overlapping each other, see FIG. 4. In the individual ac. ad. ae, af, aq. ah, ai the worms 2 have different geometry of the screws according to the worms 2, for example for kneading, shearing, mixing, strangling and conveying.

In order to illustrate the function of such a twin-screw conveyor, the production of a finished rubber blend is further described. In the first main zone A the production of the base rubber mixture g takes place and in the second main zone B the finished rubber mixture is produced. For this purpose, raw rubber a is continuously fed through the first filling opening 5 and into the first part aa, in the interior of which grasps the screws 2, shaped as conveying rubber, are gripped and thus create the conveying pressure. In the second and third parts ab, ac, chemicals and softener b and the raw rubber a are added to the raw rubber a and plasticized and homogenized. These additives are then mixed into the raw rubber and form a homogeneous rubber mixture.

Subsequently, non-reactive components, such as carbon black or Talcum, are fed into the interior of the fourth panel through the fourth filling opening 23 and the screws 2 incorporate it into a homogeneous rubber mixture.

In Part Five ae, the temperature of the raw rubber is increased and from about 25 ° C to 15-100 ° C. According to the manufacturing process, only non-reactive components are added in the first main zone A and no vulcanization or deposits occur using the self-cleaning twin screw conveyor.

Throughout the length of the second main zone B, the finished rubber mixture is cooled to 100 ° C to 120 ° C by means of a cooling device. This reduction in temperature is necessary because the second main zone B mixes the reactive components e, thereby producing a finished rubber mixture. Exceeding this temperature range would cause undesired premature vulcanization.

In this example, the cooling of the twin-screw conveyor in the second main zone B is carried out with a cooling liquid, for example water. An exchanger (not shown) is connected to the twin-screw conveyor

-7EN 281579 B6 heat that ensures that excess heat is removed from the coolant.

In another embodiment, the cooling device may be provided with cooling channels arranged along the outer surface of the housing 1. Cooling by means of screws may also be provided

2. In addition, depending on the amount of heat dissipated, other coolant may be used, which may have a temperature below 0 ° C at the inlet as it remains liquid.

In the first main zone A, therefore, a base rubber mixture g is formed, which upon cooling into the sixth part af is cooled and freed from the first part d of the gaseous mixture by the first vent hole 24. Reactive components e, such as sulfur and accelerator, are then fed through the fifth orifice 25. Subsequently, the rubber mixture is mixed with these additives while cooling to form a homogeneous rubber mixture. In the eighth part ah, the final rubber mixture is again degassed through the second degassing opening 26 of the second part f of the gaseous mixtures to produce the necessary working pressure at the end of the ninth part ai. The rubber mixture leaves the second main zone B through the first nozzle 3 as the final rubber mixture, which is so homogeneous that it is not necessary to store it for the diffusion metabolism and can be transported for continuous further processing.

A further example of the apparatus is shown in Fig. 2. The twin-screw conveyor comprises a first housing part 9 and a second housing part 10, which are formed of two separate units and are structurally comparable to the housing parts 9, 10 of Fig. 1. In the first part 9 of the housing 1 are located two first parts 12 of the screws 2 and in the second part 10 of the housing 1 are located the second two parts 13 of the screws 2. The parts 12, 13 are engaged and parallel. At the end of the fifth part ae, a second nozzle 31 for exiting the rubber base mixture g from the first housing part 9 is attached. The second housing part 10 is provided with an auxiliary part without holes 4 but with a second filling opening 6 for the base mixture. g of the rubber in which the second nozzle 31 is located, whereby the base rubber mixture g from the first part 9 of the housing 1 is fed directly into the second filling opening 6 of the second part 10 of the housing 1 in which it is further processed into a finished rubber mixture. The longitudinal axes of the housing parts 9, 10 form a right angle.

Also in this embodiment, the rubber base composition g need not be stored for cooling and subsequently heated in the second part 10 of the housing 1 to the temperature necessary to admix the reactive components e.

Also in another example of the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the device consists of a twin-screw conveyor, which is formed by the first housing part 9 and the second housing part 10, which are formed of two separate, interconnected units. The longitudinal axes of the parts 9, 10 lie in one horizontal plane. The first part 9 of the housing 1 forms the first main zone A for the processing of the rubber masterbatch. The second part 10 of the housing 1 forms a second main zone B for processing the finished rubber mixture. In the first part 9 of the housing 1, two parallel first parts 12 of the worms 2 which are engaged and parallel are rotatably mounted side by side. At the outer end of the first part 9 of the housing 1 is located a first drive 7 of the first parts 12 of the screws 2. In the first part 9 of the housing 1, filling holes 5, 22, 23 are formed.

-8EN 281579 B6

In the second part 10 of the housing 1, two parallel second parts 13 of the screws 2 which are engaged and parallel are rotatably mounted side by side. At the outer end of the second housing part 10 there is a second drive 8 of the second screw parts 13. In the second housing part 10, degassing openings 24, 26 and a fifth filling opening are provided.

25. A discharge opening 15 of the finished rubber mixture is formed between the second drive 8 and the second degassing opening 26. The second part 10 of the housing 1 is provided with a cooling device formed by bores 11 for the cooling medium. The first screw parts 12 and the second screw parts 13 are parallel to each other and are counter-rotating. The second screw parts 13 have a larger diameter than the first screw parts 12 and the inner diameters d ₁ , d ₂ of the housing parts 9, 10 are made in the same or a similar ratio to each other. The distance between the holes 5, 6, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 is 0.5 to 10 times the diameter of the screws 2.

The raw rubber a with the first filling opening 5 is filled into the interior of the first part 9 of the housing 1 and is homogenized and plasticized in the first main zone A, further necessary non-reactive components, i.e. a softener ba soot c, are added to the base rubber. zone B, the rubber mixture is degassed and the reactive components e are added. These are mixed under constant cooling into a rubber base mixture g which is processed at a temperature of 100 ° C to 120 ° C to form a homogeneous finished rubber mixture leaving the second part 10 of the housing 1. through the discharge opening 15.

According to the above method and apparatus according to Fig. 1, the finished rubber mixture in laboratory processing is of excellent quality, which can be assessed according to the data from the following tests:

Recipe A - tread of a passenger car

Mixture components weight%

SBR 1712 rubber 58.0 carbon black N 339 31.6 aromatic oil 6.3 anti-aging agent IPPD 0.6 stearic acid 0.8 zinc oxide 1.3 sulfur 0.6 VDM / C accelerator 0.5 VD / C accelerator 0.3 total 100,

In this mixing test the raw rubber had a filling temperature of 25 ° C and the temperature of the twin screw conveyor in the fifth part and of the box 1 reached 160 ° C. Prior to the fifth feed orifice 25 for reactive components e, the temperature of the twin screw conveyor 105 &apos; C was measured and maintained at + -5 ° C throughout the first main zone A. The temperature of the twin screw conveyor immediately before the first nozzle 3 reached 115 &lt; At a diameter of 90 mm worms 2, the length of both main zones A, B was 18 times the diameter of the worms 2. The proposed equipment allowed production of 500 to 600 kg

-9Eng 281579 B6 rubber blends per hour. The finished rubber blend had excellent homogeneity and showed a significantly better degree of carbon black dispersion compared to the blend produced on the kneading machines. Also, the rheometer curve dispersion had appreciably better results when assessing the vulcanization process.

Recipe B - tread of a truck

Mixture components weight percentage

natural rubber 60.5 carbon black N 220 30.2 aromatic oil 1,8 anti-aging agent IPPD 0.6 anti-aging agent TMQ 0.6 light protection wax 0.9 stearic acid 1,8 zinc oxide 1,8 accelerator 0.9 sulfur 0.9 total 100,

In a second attempt to produce a finished rubber blend for truck treads according to formula B, 500 kg of a finished rubber blend per hour was produced at the same double screw conveyor dimensions and temperature levels. In principle, similar results were obtained as with formula A.

Recipe C - automotive profiles

Mixture components weight%

EPDM rubber 23.0 zinc oxide 1,2 stearic acid 0.2 carbon black N 550 29.0 chalk 18.7 Naphthenic oil 26.5 TP / S accelerator 0.7 TMTD accelerator 0.3 MBT accelerator 0.2 sulfur 0.2

total 100.0

In the third experiment, a finished rubber mixture for the automotive profiles according to formula C was designed in this way. Again, temperature levels were maintained as in the previous experiments and 400 kg per hour were produced. The quality of the finished rubber compound was excellent in this case as well.

Claims (11)

PATENT CLAIMS Process for single-step continuous production of a rubber compound for automobile tires, drive belts, conveyor belts and technical rubber products, characterized in that the raw rubber (a) is fed into a twin-screw conveyor in which it is plasticized and homogenized, then added thereto necessary non-reactive components at preselected distances along the twin-screw conveyor, which are homogenized with raw rubber (a) at a temperature of from 100 ° C to 160 ° C, thereby forming a masterbatch (g) of rubber which is subsequently cooled to in the range of 100 ° C to 120 ° C, and all ingredients necessary for the finished rubber mixture are added to the rubber base mixture (g) held at this temperature, which are mixed and homogenized with the rubber base mixture (g), The rubber is continuously cooled at a temperature level to prevent vulcanization. A device for the single-step continuous production of a rubber compound consisting of a twin-screw conveyor comprising a housing in which parallel or counter-rotating worms are closely engaged and connected to a drive for driving them along a longitudinal axis, characterized in that the housing (1) ) has a first part (9) with a first main zone (A) for processing the base rubber compound (g) and a second part (10) with a second main zone (B) for processing the finished rubber mixture, wherein the second part (10) of the housing (1) ) is provided with a cooling device along its entire length. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that a first filling opening (5) for the raw rubber (a), a third filling opening (22) for the softener (b), a fourth filling opening (1) are provided in the housing (1) 23) for carbon black (c), a first degassing orifice (24) for a first portion (d) of the gaseous mixture, a fifth orifice (25) for reactive components (e), and a second degassing orifice (26) for a second portion (f) of the gaseous mixture wherein the distance of the filling orifices (22, 23, 25) and the degassing orifices (24, 26) from the first filling orifice (5) depends on the amount of substance to be added or removed, the number of turns of the screws (2) unit and on the viscosity of the raw rubber (a). Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the total length of the twin screw conveyor is up to 60 times the diameter of the screws (2), the first main zone (A) and the second main zone (B) having, depending on the components of the mixing process based on the total length of the twin screw conveyor, a ratio of 70% to 30%, or 30% to 70%, in particular 50% to 50%. Device according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the first housing part (9) and the second housing part (10) are formed from two separate units, the second housing part (10) being 1) is provided in front of the sixth part (af) of the housing (1) with an auxiliary part with a second filling opening (6) for the rubber base compound (g), in which the second 281579 B6 A nozzle (31) located at the end of the fifth part (ae) of the first part (9) of the housing (1), wherein two first parts (12) of the screws (2) are located in the first part (9) of the housing (1). and in the second part (10) of the housing (1) are located two second parts (13) of the screws (2), wherein the longitudinal axes of the parts (9, 10) of the housing (1) are different. Device according to one of Claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the first housing part (9) and the second housing part (10) are formed from two separate, interconnected units, wherein in the first part (9), 9) the housing (1) is provided with two first parts (12) of the screws (2) and in the second part (10) of the housing (1) are located two second parts (13) of the screws (2), wherein the longitudinal axes of the parts (9, 10) 1) of the housing (1) lies in one horizontal plane, the second screw part (13) having a larger diameter than the diameter of the first screw part (12). Device according to one of Claims 3 and 5, characterized in that the distance between the individual openings (5, 6, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26) is 0.5 to 10 times the diameter of the screws (2). ). Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the cooling device is provided with at least one cooling medium. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the cooling device is provided in the second part (10) of the housing (1) with bores (11) for guiding the cooling medium. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the cooling device is provided in the second part (10) of the housing (1) with cooling channels arranged along the surface of the housing (1). Device according to one of Claims 5 and 6, characterized in that a first drive (7) of the first part (12) of the screws (2) is provided at the outer end of the first part (9) of the housing (1) and at the outer end of the second part (10). 1) a second drive (8) of the second part (13) of the screws (2) is located in the housing (1).