CZ26587U1 - Frangible-type shell - Google Patents

Description

The proposed technical solution falls within the field of missiles marked by material, production technology and ballistic properties, namely among frangible missiles, ie fragile missiles. The missiles are designed for firing small arms.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Frangible missiles are missiles with limited penetration and reflectivity from solid obstacles. They are designed to disintegrate into fragments to a greater extent upon impact. They are mainly used in enclosures (buildings, airplanes) and for training purposes. Frangible missiles are characterized by an ecological composition without the presence of lead. Lead is a toxic metal and its use in the ammunition assembly is therefore restricted.

Frangible missiles are manufactured as pressed generally from metal powders of a certain grain size, which allows to achieve the desired weight, and binder. Such a bullet is also described in the Czech utility model CZ 22464 Ul. A bullet according to this utility pattern is formed by compressing a mixture of powdered metallic materials and a binder. It comprises a blend of plastic-based binder and at least two powder metal components and / or oxides of the same or other metals. One component is an easily fusible metal powder with a melting point below 250 ° C, which is present in the mixture in an amount of 20 to 80% by weight. The second component is a metal powder having a melting point above 450 ° C.

Production of frangible bullets by powder pressing is quite technologically and energy intensive, because the pressing takes place at pressures of several hundred MPa to GPa units. Due to the need to use a binder, the density of the resulting material from which the bullet is made is reduced. Thus, at high binder content, the bullet may be solid, but with too low a weight, or at low binder content sufficiently heavy but too brittle. Another disadvantage of these missiles is the difficult pressing of some parts of the projectile and the porosity of the pressed projectile.

The essence of the technical solution

The essence of the technical solution is the material composition of the bullet type frangible. The missile is usable in a set of cartridges for small arms (pistols, revolvers and rifles). The bullet is made of an alloy containing bismuth (Bi) in the range of 20 to 96 wt. and further comprising alloying elements in the range of 4 to 80 wt. In particular, the alloying element is tin (Sn) and / or zinc (Zn) and / or copper (Cu) and / or antimony (Sb) and / or silver (Ag) and / or iron (Fe). Thanks to different ratios of bismuth (Bi) and alloying elements it is possible to achieve different values of frangibility of the projectile. For most alloy variants, the more alloying elements the alloy contains, the less brittleness is achieved.

The projectile can be designed as homogeneous or as inhomogeneous (folded). The non-homogeneous bullet does not contain the same material throughout its cross-section. This can be achieved, for example, by providing the bullet with a metal or non-metallic jacket and / or core. Furthermore, the bullet may be provided with a metal or non-metallic hood and / or an insert. Depending on the desired properties, the bullet may be provided with a cavity. The cavity can be filled with air or other material, either metal or non-metal.

The frangible bullet alloy may further comprise non-metallic impurities and / or metallic impurities. Non-metallic impurities may be, for example, polymers. In particular, the metal impurities may be powders situated in a certain part of the projectile to increase the density of that part, or they may be evenly distributed throughout the projectile.

By replacing the lead with bismuth and alloying elements in these ranges, a bullet is achieved which, with its ballistic properties, fully aligns the lead bullet. When using bismuth (Bi), tin

U1 (Sn), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), silver (Ag) or iron (Fe) is a bullet ecological, with limited toxicity.

For the production of the described ammunition frangible type can also be used bismuth solder. In a preferred embodiment, the solder used comprises bismuth (Bi) in the range of 57 to 58% by weight, tin (Sn) in an amount of

42 wt. and silver (Ag) in the range of 0 to 1% by weight. The bismuth solder of said composition is commercially available for soldering applications. In another preferred embodiment, the solder used comprises bismuth (Bi) in an amount of 56 wt%, tin (Sn) in an amount of 42 wt%. Alternatively, it may contain bismuth (Bi) in an amount of 46% by weight, tin (Sn) in an amount of 48% by weight, copper (Cu) in an amount of 4% by weight. and silver (Ag) in an amount of 2 wt.

The production of the proposed missile is possible by casting the molten alloy into a mold. Alternatively, however, it may be manufactured such that the projectile blank is molded and / or molded and / or machined from a blank produced by casting, molding or pressing. These production methods are easier than other frangible missiles. Also, by melting the used solder and casting it into the appropriate form can be obtained described frangible missile.

Clarification of drawings

An exemplary embodiment of the proposed solution is described with reference to the drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 - homogeneous pistol missile;

Fig. 2 - inhomogeneous pleated pistol shells with jacket;

Fig. 3 - inhomogeneous folded rifle projectiles with a jacket.

Examples of technical solutions

Example 1

It was made homogeneous pistol missile frangible. Conflicts consist of two material components. In this case, it is made of alloy 2 containing bismuth (Bi) in an amount of 58 wt. and further comprising tin (Sn) in an amount of 42 wt. The alloy composition corresponds to a common bismuth solder. The use of tin (Sn) is advantageous due to its good lubricating properties. The bullet was made by casting molten alloy 2 into a mold.

An exemplary embodiment is shown in FIG. 1.

Example 2

Inhomogeneous folded pistol missiles were made frangible. Each missile consists of three material components. In this case, each of the bullets is made of alloy 2 containing bismuth (Bi) in an amount of 57% by weight. and further comprising silver (Ag) in an amount of 1 wt. and further comprising tin (Sn) in an amount of 42 wt. The alloy composition corresponds to the bismuth solder. The missiles are provided with metal shells 1. The shells were made by casting molten alloy 2 into a mold in which the shell 1 was placed.

An exemplary embodiment is shown in FIG. 2.

Example 3

Inhomogeneous folded rifle projectiles of the frangible type were produced. Each missile consists of three material components. In this case, each of the bullets is made of bismuth (Bi) containing alloy 2 in an amount of 70 wt. and further comprising zinc (Zn) in an amount of 30 wt. The missiles are provided with metal shells 1. The shells were made by casting molten alloy 2 into a mold in which the sheath 1 was placed.

An exemplary embodiment is shown in FIG. 3.

-2 CZ 26587 Ul

Industrial applicability

The specifics of the proposed technical solution consist in the use of new combinations of materials and in a new way of producing frangible fragile missiles. Such missiles are particularly useful in service charge assemblies for training purposes and for service interventions in confined spaces (buildings, aircraft) where a large number of non-involved persons are present. Under certain conditions, missiles can also be used in assemblies of ammunition for civilian purposes.

Claims (6)

A frangible bullet comprising at least two material components, characterized in that it is made of an alloy (2) containing Bi in the range of 20 to 96% by weight. and further comprising selected alloying elements in the range of 4 to 80 wt. The frangible missile according to claim 1, characterized in that the alloying element is Sn and / or Zn and / or Cu and / or Sb and / or Ag and / or Fe. A frangible bullet according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that its structure is homogeneous or inhomogeneous, pleated. 15 Dec A frangible bullet according to claim 3, characterized in that in a non-homogeneous embodiment it is provided with a metal or non-metallic sheath (1). A frangible bullet according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that in a non-homogeneous embodiment it is provided with a hood and / or an insert and / or a core. A frangible missile according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that 20 in a non-homogeneous embodiment is provided with a cavity, the cavity being filled with air or other material.