CZ208893A3 - Method of utilization solid, fine-grained pasty and liquid residual and waste materials in gasification process - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed improvement process comprises the following steps: (a) preparation of a pasty-like mixture being carried out in two separated stages from pasty-like and liquid residual and waste materials, (b) preparation of a pasty-like mixture being carried out in two separated stages from solid fine-grained and liquid residual and waste materials, (c) preparation of a pasty-like mixture being carried out in two separated stages from fine-grained, pasty-like and liquid residual and waste materials, (d) preparation and intermediate storage of the pasty-like mixture from the residual and waste materials being carried out in at least two separated stages of the process, (e) an individual or joint supply of the pasty-like mixtures from the steps (a), (b) and (c) through at least one burner into a gasification reactor, (f) conversion of organic substances of the residual and waste materials through gasification medium from the most part to carbon monooxide and hydrogen, (g) melting mineral components of the solid fine-grained pasty-like and liquid residual and waste materials by partial oxidation of organic components at a temperature in the range of 1300 to 2000 degC.

Description

η The way of appreciation of solid, fine-grained, pasty

Ovo-fluoride and liquid residuals and evaporators in the gasification process

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a process for the recovery of solid, fine-grained, pasty and liquid residual and waste materials in a gasification process.

Waste materials include, but are not limited to, wastes from industrial and other enterprises and public establishments which, depending on their type, nature or quantity, endanger, in particular, health, air or water. Its main focus is on the chemical industry, the metalworking industry, as well as the energy and waste management industries. In the chemical industry, mainly waste containing sulfur, hydrocarbons, as well as halogens is eliminated. The metalworking industry includes, inter alia, oil emulsions, lacquer sludge and electroplating waste.

In waste heat recovery facilities such as incineration or pyrolysis, some of the burdened raw materials are eliminated, and in the area of heat recovery and gas purification, flying and filter dusts,

Their removal raises major problems. Especially when these dusts are contaminated with organic pollutants such as oxines and furans, as well as heavy metals, high environmental costs are essential if they are deposited.

At present, solutions are proposed for these and similar waste raw materials which, according to DE patent specification 3918259> DE patent specification 3713492, LL patent specification 3919011, would bind these materials to clay-containing materials or heavy metal-containing residues according to DE patent specification 350 '22l5' ^ Wcovaly "to ^_ 'p'evn'é-Produkte-t'yy-fcter-é ~ by ~ ------- 4jylo possible to deposit and which is then incurring very high costs imposed pod deponii.

Such solutions are described in DE 39 39344, DE 3206984. The devices which are necessary for this require a large energy expenditure. They are presently predominantly at the laboratory stage and in pilot plant and need for the introduction of a considerable development and time expense,

From the gasification technique, a design is described in DD 267830, according to which liquid fuel containing ash and independently of the burner to which the scrubbing fuel is fed, is fed together with water vapor to the reaction chamber via the supply line and the oxygen required for the partial the autothermal oxidation of the ash-containing liquid fuel is fed to the gasification reactor through a coal dust burner. Gasification of the liquid residues according to this process requires a large charge of coal dust, the use of which leads to a large cost of gas production itself. The amount of liquid residue feed is very limited in quantity in this process.

The object and purpose of the invention is to:

In an economical and environmentally relevant manner, they remove liquid and solid wastes simultaneously by means of a gasification process.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This object is achieved according to the invention by introducing into the fluidic gasifier, the reactor wall of which is formed as a cylindrical casing and which has a drain for liquid slag, liquid waste materials which have a calorific value of 20000 kJ / kg and contain hydrocarbons and / or sulfur. and / or PCBs and heavy metals and / or dioxin, and in addition 3 to 35 waste materials in particulate form. Solid waste materials are characterized by containing 10 mineral constituents and sulfur and / or heavy metals and / or PCBs; and / or dioxin and / or hydrocarbons. The grain size of the solid waste materials is preferably in the process. X - 0, .5..mni ......... -....... ................

The process is carried out at a reaction temperature which is set 50 ^° higher than the melting point of the mineral constituents of the solid waste materials, at a temperature of 1200 ° C. The residence time of the evolved gas at the set reaction temperature is> 2 seconds before the evolution of the gases is cooled to <200 ° C by shock.

When using the process, the feedstocks can be mixed with lacquer sludges, clarifying sludges or fly-off or filter dusts from the waste gas treatment plant to simultaneously remove liquid and solid waste materials, for example from spent polluted oils. It is also possible for the charge to consist solely of tar-like residues from coal mining and the mineral oil industry.

The advantage of the process is in particular that liquid and solid materials can be removed simultaneously in a single process step, and that solid waste is removed by the reaction heat generated by the removal of liquid waste materials, thereby removing solid waste. heavy metals contained in liquid wastes are ineligible to be incorporated into the mineral components of solid waste materials.

Furthermore, the simultaneous method is known. Removal of solid and liquid waste materials in a gasification process in which liquid and solid waste materials are simultaneously gasified at a temperature of> 50 ° C higher than the melting point of the mineral components contained in the solid waste. it is very difficult to carry out, according to the products to be removed, the optional mode of operation of the reactor.

It is an object of the present invention to ensure that environmentally friendly, fine-grained, pasty and liquid residual and waste materials are simultaneously evaluated and / or disposed of.

According to the invention, the task is solved by separating solid fine-grained, pasty and liquid residual and waste materials to be recovered and / or disposed of separately and, up to the limit of accumulation in suitable devices, from pasty and liquid residual and waste materials or solid fine-grained, pasty and liquid residual and waste materials to produce slurry products and these are reacted in gasification reactors with a gasification agent predominantly to carbon monoxide and hydrogen *

In carrying out the process, the slurry products are produced in at least two systems and intermediate storage and may be introduced individually or together or separately via one or more burners into the gasification reactor.

In carrying out the process, the organic components and pollutants of the feedstock products are converted to low molecular weight recoverable structures such as CO and H2, and the inorganic and mineral components and pollutants are converted predominantly by reaction temperatures of 1300 to 2000 ° C resulting from partial oxidation of the organic components ,

The fine-grained solids useful in the present process may be, for example, plastics, clarifying sludges, filter dusts, rubber flour, pasty inserts may be, for example, tar sludges, oil sludges, dye sludges, lacquer slurries and liquid inserts may be used. an oil containing impurities and a solvent mixture. In carrying out the process, a perfect environment is saved, saving the conversion of the charged materials, which is converted into useful products. The organic constituents are converted into a utility gas which is predominantly CO2-containing and the proportions of sulfur in the process are reduced to H2S and converted to the purest sulfur in the subsequent gas treatment. The mineral constituents, with a heavy metal fraction, provide an ineligible slag usable in the construction industry. The synthesis gas produced can be well used for the production of chemical base products such as methanol ·

Examples

An exemplary embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and explained in greater detail below.

Example 1

The spent product 2 in the gasification reactor 10 is used as a base load in an amount of 8 t / h, fed through a stirrer tank. The spent oil contains the following pollutant concentrations.

PCB 150 mg / kg Cu 2500 mg / kg Ni 2000 mg / kg IN 2000 mg / kg

At the same time, it is metered over the stirrer tank 2 with a pump of 4 t / h of tar sludge with a 25 phy content of solids and a 10 phy total ash content.

The mixture is fed through a stirrer tank 7, which serves as a template, through the main burner 8 to the gasification reactor 10. At the same time, 13000 m 2 / h of oxygen and 4 t / h of gasification steam are fed to the gasification reactor 10 via the main burner. In the temperature range of 1300 to 2000 ° C, the scavenger gas 16 is formed from the organic substances, which, after cooling to shock at 195 ° C with cooling water 14, is led to a gas treatment in an amount of 40000 m00 / h. The composition of fission gas is as follows:

CO ₂ 6.0 h ₂ 47.0 $ what. 45.7 5 * CH, 0.3 % ^Z h ₂ 1.0 1 ° After one stage of conversion and purification of the gas was

performs conversion to methanol. ________________________________

The heavy metals in the gasification reactor are blown into the formed scrubber and dropped in the purge tank 15 as a non-pelletized granulate 17 in an amount of 0.4 t / h. The hydrocarbon-free carbon black 18 is fed to a simple treatment plant.

Example 2

In addition to the feed product in accordance with Example 1, 1 t / h of clarifying sludge 4 is mixed through a silo 2 in a mixer 6 with 3 t / h of spent oil 2 and passed through a separate burner 2 to a gasification reactor 10. The main burner 8 is fed to the gasification reactor 10 17000 nP / h of oxygen and 5 t / h in addition to 12 t / h of the tar sludge mixture, in addition to 1000 ng of TE dio-3xin / kg and 2000 mg Cr / kg. h gasification of steam. Further, in the gasification reactor 10, oxine is reacted as an organic compound of an oil / clarifying sludge mixture to produce 51,000 .mu.g of fission gas 16 per hour, free from dioxin. The amount of non-elutable granulate-ltrus is increased to 0.7 t / h.

i v . i Z3! í Ll ί> -y F ι -Ό i Γ ' i <S) - -Z í O 1 X O 1 -c > i C: < and ! 1 5 O

.of:

Claims (1)

Ρ A I 5 N T O V n Claims 1. A method for evaluation of strength fine-grain _T paatovitých liquid residues and waste materials in the gasification process, characterized in the it comprises the following method steps: a) production of slurry product from pasty (1) and liquid (2) residual and waste materials in tank (3) with stirrer b) production of slurry product from solid, fine-matured (4) and liquid (2) residual and waste materials in mixing equipment (6) (c) producing a slurry from solid fine grain. pasty (1) and / liquid (2) residual and waste materials in the tank (7) with agitator d (single or joint or simultaneous but separate feed through the main burner (8) or more burners (s) to the gasification reactor (10) e / conversion of organic content substances of residual and waste materials by gasification agent (11,12) predominantly into carbon monoxide and hydrogen f / melting of mineral constituents of solid is multi-grained, pasty and liquid residual -10a waste materials by partial oxidation of the organic constituents at temperatures of 1300 to 2000 ° C. (g) the production and intermediate storage of slurry products of residual and waste materials in at least two separate systems.