CZ201728A3 - A variable pressure chamber of the bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

The variable pressure chamber (1) of the hydrostatic / aerostatic bearing is embedded in the fixed bearing plate (10) and below the movable bearing plate (9). The variable pressure chamber (1) of the hydrostatic / aerostatic bearing according to the invention makes it possible to control the height (13) of the lubricating groove of the pressure chamber (1). The fixed plate (10) comprises at least two inlets (2, 4), a pressure line (14) for p1 and an external control pressure and at least one valve (12). It further comprises springs (7) and outlet (11) for leakage.

Description

Technical field

The subject matter of the application is in the field of mechanical engineering and its components or elements. Specifically, it deals with bearings, especially hydrostatic or aerostatic bearings.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Hydrostatic and aerostatic bearings are plain bearings. The bearing allows to reduce friction when rotating or sliding the machine parts relative to each other. Depending on the direction of the loading force, we divide the bearings into radial when the load acts perpendicular to the bearing axis or axial when the load acts in the bearing axis direction.

In the case of existing hydrostatic and aerostatic bearings, a lubricating medium (fluid or air) is supplied between their sliding surfaces under a certain pressure. The bearing includes a pressure chamber (lubrication groove) from where the lubricating medium is supplied, which is further distributed from the pressure source between the bearing sliding surfaces. At present, pressure chambers of bearings are used which have a fixed geometry that does not allow their position to be controlled.

In the case of hydrostatic and aerostatic bearings, a pressure transducer (hydrostatic or pneumostatic) serves as the pressure source. At present, the bearing pressure can be controlled either by means of the above-mentioned transducer or by means of a reducer. The type of regulation depends on the type of application of the given bearing.

Hydrostatic / pneumostatic transducer control has a wide range of volumetric flow and circuit pressure. A prerequisite for this control is the use of a control transducer for each lubrication groove, which increases the purchase cost many times, especially for bearings with multiple lubrication grooves.

In the case of control by means of reducers, a control element is used which is located in the line in front of the pressure chamber. Only one hydrostatic / pneumostatic transducer is used for this type of control. The liquid is fed from the pressure source and then fed via a conduit to a reducer which is set to the desired pressure value.

Reducers are currently produced as adjustable (fixed) and fixed (non-adjustable). Fixed reducers can only be adjusted to one stable setting, which is determined by the geometry (orifice plate, capillary tube). Adjustable reducers include valves - two-way flow regulator, diaphragm valve. The big problem of these components is their placement behind the bearing, their placement directly on the bearing is not possible. This type of location then raises other problems, such as reducing the rate of response to pressure changes.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

These disadvantages are largely overcome by the apparatus described below. The inlet pressure fluid pl (external pressure) is supplied through a variable pressure chamber between the sliding surface of the fixed bearing plate and the movable bearing plate. The designed design of the device allows linear movement so that the height of the lubrication groove can be controlled. The design of the device also makes it possible to define the amount of working pressure p2 in the bearing.

The optimum position of the pressure chamber according to this design is determined for the loads acting on the movable bearing plate. When the load changes, this pressure chamber is displaced - displaced. If the load is increased, the bearing pressure must be increased and the variable pressure chamber will be moved to reduce the height of the lubrication groove.

The following situations occur when the load is reduced:

a) the variable pressure chamber remains in the same position and the inlet pressure Ph is reduced

b) the variable pressure chamber is moved (the height of the lubrication groove increases) and the working pressure p2 then drops.

The position of the variable pressure chamber is regulated by an external pressure supply, which acts on the area S1. The number of external pressure ports varies and depends on the size of the pressure chamber. The area S1 on which the external pressure is applied is greater than the area S2 on which the working pressure p2 is applied.

Thus, it can be seen that the external pressure / inlet pressure p1 can be much smaller depending on the ratio of the areas S1 and S2. The spring, which is designed for continuous regulation of the position of the chamber, prevents a step change of the position of the variable pressure chamber. The individual surfaces S1 and S2 are separated by gaskets to prevent their interaction. Hoarding

-3the fluid that would prevent chamber movement is provided by a leak with a one-way valve located directly in the bearing.

The device thus makes it possible to vary the height of the bearing lubrication groove, which is one of the advantages. Another advantage is that the chamber is directly a part of the bearing and therefore has a high rate of response to pressure change. The lubrication groove height adjustment is quick and smooth. Another significant advantage is the use of an external pressure which allows the height of the lubrication groove to be regulated independently of the size of the device for which the chamber is intended.

Clarification of drawings

Figure 1 shows a section through the device.

Examples of isynthesis

Example 1

The variable pressure chamber of the hydrostatic / aerostatic bearing is embedded in the fixed bearing plate 10 and below the movable bearing plate 9. Thus, the chamber is bounded by two parallel faces S1, S1 '5.15 and an outer face S26 that is parallel to the faces S1 and S1' 5.15. Surfaces S1 and S1 '5,15 are larger than the outer surface S2 6. All surfaces S1, S1' and S2 5,15,6 are separated from each other by a gasket 8. The chamber has at least two inlets 2,4, which are connected by a guide 14 for pressure p1 and external control pressure and at least one valve 12. Valve 12 is located in line 14. Line 14 controls spring 7 and terminates in outlet 11 for leakage.

The fixed bearing plate 10 and the variable pressure chamber 1 are made of steel and a fluid is supplied to the bearing - a mineral oil or a highly flammable liquid or an environmentally friendly liquid.

Example 2

Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that air is introduced into the bearing.

-4Example 3

Example 3 differs from Example 1 in that the material for producing the bearing plate 10 and the pressure chamber 1 is cast iron.

Example 4

Example 4 differs from the example in that the material for producing the bearing plate 10 and the pressure chamber 1 is a composite material.

Example

Example 4 differs from the previous examples in that the material for producing the bearing plate 10 and the pressure chamber 1 is plastic and air is fed into the bearing.

Industrial applicability

The equipment is usable in the field of manufacturing engineering especially for air heat exchangers of boilers designed for work at high temperatures, for rotary mills for ore and slag, assembly lines with precise positioning, stabilization supports, grinders, vibration dampers for measuring instruments, dynamometers etc.

Claims (3)

PATENT CLAIMS Variable pressure chamber (1) of a hydrostatic / aerostatic bearing characterized in that it is embedded in a fixed bearing plate (10) and below a movable bearing plate (9) / and is equipped with at least two inlets (2,4), a plunger (14) for pressure p1 and external control pressure and at least one valve (12) disposed in the spring control line (14) terminating in an outlet (11) for leakage, it consists of two parallel faces S1, S1 '(5,15) and an outer face S2 (6) that is parallel to faces S1 and S1' (5,15). Variable pressure chamber (1) of the hydrostatic / aerostatic bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that the surfaces S1 and S1 '(5,15) are larger than the outer surface S2 (6), all surfaces being separated from each other by a seal (1). 8). Adjusting the height (13) of the lubrication groove of the pressure chamber (1) of the hydrostatic / aerostatic bearing according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the fluid at the inlet pressure p1 (2) is fed via a conduit (14) between the sliding surface S2 (6) of the variable pressure chamber (1) bearings and movable plates (9) bearings, where the surface S2 (6) is subject to a working pressure p2 (3) varying from the bearing load that regulates the height (13) of the lubrication groove to the surface S1 (5) of the variable pressure chamber ( 1) The external control pressure (4) is supplied via the guide (14), which regulates the height (13) of the lubrication groove.