CZ2015266A3 - Pressure piston actuator with non-rigid shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

The non-rigid rod pressure piston actuator comprises a housing (102) defining a chamber (104), a passageway leading to the chamber (104), a piston (110) housed in the chamber (104), a rod (114) connected to the piston (110) by coupling (120) with a ball joint and a head and a spring (122) disposed in the chamber (104), which exerts a force on the piston (110) and over the rod (114) towards the retracted position. Then, when fluid is introduced into the chamber (104), the fluid exerts pressure on the piston (110). As the pressure exerts the force of the spring (122), the piston (110) and the rod (114) are moved to the extended position. The pressure piston actuator (100) thus formed is then specifically placed in the turbocharger bypass valve control system such that a connector (118) is located at the other end (124) of the pressure piston actuator rod (114) that is connected to the bypass valve. turbochargers.

Description

(· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · PVŽ015-ŽC6

Barrier-Free Pressure Plunger Control Applicant Application This application claims priority from US Provisional Application No. 61 / 710,632 filed October 5, 2012.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This application relates to pressure piston actuators, in particular pressure piston actuators for controlling a flue gas bypass valve (wastegate) such as that found in turbochargers or internal combustion engine turbo systems.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Today, most bypass or vacuum actuators of a bypass valve are manufactured using a membrane. The drawbacks of these designs are that they allow angular deflection of the bar by only a few degrees and do not allow it to rotate. Side loading and torsional forces reduce the life and performance of the diaphragm actuator and limit its use. Membranes are like springs, ie the more you compress or expand the spring, the more power it absorbs. The membranes are similar to springs because the further the lining of the membrane, the greater the force required to move it. Membrane actuators typically also include a return spring that integrates with the effort required to move the actuator. Also, the movement of the diaphragm actuator is progressively reached because the tension that the rubber membrane permits is limited. Accordingly, there is a need for improved bypass valve actuators that have a higher degree of angular deflection and allow the rod to rotate and withstand lateral loads and torsional forces.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In one aspect, pressure piston actuators for connecting to a bypass valve for controlling its operation (opening, closing, partial opening) are described herein. Pressure piston actuators have higher degrees of angular misalignment and allow the rod to rotate up to 360 ° and have good performance, without limiting their lifetime at lateral or torsional forces. The pressure piston actuators comprise a housing that defines a chamber and a passageway leading to the chamber, a piston disposed within the chamber, a rod attached to the piston by coupling with a spherical pin to the head, and a spring located in the chamber that exerts a force on the piston and with it on the rod towards the retracted position. The piston moves between the retracted position and the extended position and moves to the extended position when the fluid introduced into the chamber exerts a pressure on the piston that overcomes the spring force. The rod comprises a connector for connection with a bypass valve located at the opposite end of the rod than the end of the rod with the ball joint with the head. In one embodiment, the pressure piston actuator also includes a position sensor that senses the position of the piston. The position sensor may be any suitable sensor, but in one embodiment it is a Hall effect sensor comprising a position magnet that moves along with the piston, and a sensor chip that senses the position of the magnet. In addition, it may include, as part of the housing, an electrical connector that is electrically connected to the position sensor. The electrical connector is adapted to be electrically connected to an external electrical device, such as a processor computer unit. In another aspect, there is disclosed a system for controlling a bypass valve in a turbocharger using a pressure piston actuator. The system includes a pressure piston actuator as described above and a turbocharger that includes a bypass valve, the valve being connected to a connector that is located at the opposite end of the rod than the end provided with the spherical pin with the head. FIGURE FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of one embodiment of a pressure piston actuator. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the pressure piston actuator of FIG. 1 in the retracted position of the piston. [0010] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the pressure piston actuator of FIG. 1 in the extended piston position. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a pressure piston actuator that includes a mounting plate. [0012] FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment showing an alternative position of the position sensor portion. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a pressure piston actuator in the retracted position. [0014] FIG. 7 is a side perspective view of the piston of the pressure piston actuator of FIG. 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The following detailed description represents the basic principles of the invention, examples of which are further illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like reference numerals designate identical or functionally similar elements. As used herein, the term " fluid " means any liquid in the form of a suspension, colloidal substance, gas, plasma or a combination thereof. Typically, the internal combustion engine turbo system includes the following components that control the turbocharger operating parameters: an exhaust gas turbocharger with a turbine section and a compressor section, a turbine bypass valve, commonly referred to as a bypass valve / exhaust gas, and optionally compressor recirculation valve. An exhaust gas turbocharger typically includes an exhaust gas housing including a turbine wheel that uses and converts the exhaust gas energy into mechanical work using a common shaft that rotates the compressor wheel that draws air, compresses it, and then feeds the inlet to the engine at higher working pressure. internal combustion. The bypass valve is a control valve used to measure the volume of exhaust gas coming from the internal combustion engine exhaust manifold and hence the energy available to drive the exhaust gas turbine wheel. The bypass valve functions to open the bypass valve through the valve so that the exhaust gas flows out of the turbine wheel, thereby directly controlling the speed of the exhaust gas turbocharger and controlling the resulting working pressure on the internal combustion engine intake manifold. FIG. 1 to 3, one embodiment of a pressure piston actuator 100 is shown for use in an internal combustion engine turbo system, particularly to operate or control the bypass valve operation. The pressure piston actuator 100 comprises a housing 102 in which a piston 110 is disposed, which has a rod Π4 connected to the piston by a connection 120 with a ball pin with a head (Figs. 2 and 3). The rod 114 extends through the housing (through the aperture 115 (Fig. 2)) and can be connected to the bypass valve (not shown here) by its end 124, which is on the opposite side of the end containing the ball joint 120 and head. Accordingly, the pressure piston actuator 100 controls the opening and closing of the bypass valve by moving the piston 110. As shown in FIG. 2 and 3, the piston 110 can move between the retracted - upper - position (Fig. 2) and extended - lower - position (Fig. 3) and in the space between them. The piston 110 is not a membrane. The piston 110 is generally a rigid body which moves along a central longitudinal axis 128 (Fig. 2) in response to changes in pressure in the housing 102. A spring 122 is placed beneath the piston 110 and acts on its piston 10 towards its retracted position by its spring force. . Thus, to move piston U0 and rod 114 to the extended position, the fluid supply to the pressure piston actuator 100 must be greater than the spring force exerted by spring 122. The pressure piston actuator 100 of the present invention improves the bypass valve control by providing faster reaction times for valve movement. the flue gas bypass valve by acting simultaneously on several plunger surfaces. Thus, the controller 100 allows variable control of the valve in partially open positions, which can be maintained or set for a period of time. Variable control can be achieved not only by supplying fluid to the pressure piston actuator 100 through inlet 108, but can also be achieved by draining fluid from the actuator. In addition, the application of the ball joint connection 120 to the head allows 360 ° rotation and greater extreme angular change of position in connection with the flue gas bypass valve operation and operation, thereby extending the life and performance of the pressure piston actuator 100. in FIG. 1 is a multi-member structure that includes a container portion 170 that defines a chamber 104 (see FIGS. 2 and 3) and a lid 172 that closes one end of the chamber 104. The lid 172 can be tightly coupled to the container portion 170 and fixed to The cap 172 may also include a secondary housing 176 for protecting the electronics located in the lid 172 or attached thereto. When the electronics is located in the pressure piston actuator 100, the secondary housing 176 may have an opening 177 for accessing the electrical connector 140. When viewed in the sectional view of FIG. 2 and 3, the chamber 104 in the housing 102 includes a passageway 60 leading to the chamber 104 and an inlet 108 that can act as an inlet or outlet within the fluid communication with the passageway 60. As can be seen from the figures, the inlet 108 is a lateral feed inlet, i.e., an inlet opening into the chamber 104 from the left or right side in the orientation of FIG. 2 and 3 and not down through the top cover. However, the position of entry into the chamber 104 is not limited thereto and may extend into the chamber 104 and through the top cover as shown in FIG. Referring back to FIG. 2 and 3, the inlet 108 is situated generally perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis 128 (Fig. 2) of the rod 114. The passage 106 may include one or more branches 142, 144 (indicated in Fig. 2) that connect inlet 108 within the fluidized bed connections to a series of minor chambers that will be described below and which are visible when the piston 110 is in its extended, lower, position (Fig. 3). Branches 142, 144 may introduce inlet 108 into simultaneous fluid communication with a plurality of minor chambers. As shown in FIG. 2 and 3, the inlet 108 is a single inlet that is in fluid communication with the chamber 40 and all the secondary chambers formed therein. In the particular embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the side chambers 152, 154 and 156 are visible and are delimited in part by the container portion 170, the lid 172 and the piston 110, and in particular by the male and female piston members 110 and the lid 172. An annular female member 162 may be formed from an annular shoulder 163 of the lid 172 forming a gap between the lid 172 and the container portion 170. The piston 110 includes a central male member 164 and an annular male member 166 positioned concentrically about the central male member 164 and spaced apart from it so that male members 164 and 166 can be appropriately inserted into a central female member 160 and an annular female member 162. The central female member 160 and the central male member 164 themselves define a first minor chamber 152 and an annular female member 162 and a ring The male male member 166 defines a second minor chamber 154 and between the two minor chambers 152 and 154 defines the outlines of the lid 172 and the piston 110 with a third minor chamber 156. As can be seen from the designations in FIG. 3, the pressure piston actuator 100 includes sealing members 182, 184. The first sealing member 182 is located where the lid shoulder 163 is disposed in the container portion 170. The second sealing member 184 is inserted into the thicker edge 167 (indicated in Fig. 2) performed by on the outer surface 168 (the area opposite the inner surface of the container portion 170) of the annular male member 166 of the piston 110. The sealing members 182, 184 may be O-rings, Y-rings, X-rings, or other ring seals made of sealant for sealed contact with another actuator member 100. It is important to note that there are no seals between the minor chambers 152, 154 and 156. Thus, the fluid may flow inwardly and between these portions of the chamber 104, which are constructed as secondary chambers. As mentioned above, the pressure piston actuator 100 comprises a ball joint 120 and a head connecting the rod 114 to the piston 110. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the rod 114 includes a first end 123 with a ball pin 116 and a second end with a connector 118 for connection to the bypass valve, and the piston 110 includes a ball head 112 connected fixedly or removably to the piston 110. Ball joint 120 is formed when the ball pin 116 of the rod 114 is placed in the ball head 112. In one embodiment, the ball head 112 is connected to the piston 110 on the thread, and the position of the other end 124 of the rod 114 can thus be varied. The threaded connection is advantageous for connecting the pressure piston actuator 100 to a given turbo-system, and in particular to a bypass valve, since the rod 114 can be rotated and the position of the ball head 112 can be adjusted by means of a threaded connection to change the position of the connector and align it with the bypass. valve when connecting it to the connector. The pressure piston actuator 100 further comprises a guide sleeve 126 disposed in the central female member 160. The guide sleeve 126 may be received in a recess in the central female member 160 such that the guide sleeve 126 defines a portion of the inner surface of the central female member 160. 126 is advantageous because it keeps the central male member 164 in line with the central female member 160 such that fluid flowing into the pressure piston actuator 100 can be fed from the side without affecting the proper functioning of the piston 110. (0026) Pressure piston actuator 100 may also include a position sensor 130 for determining the position of the piston 110 which may be related to the position of the bypass valve that is in the closed, fully open, or any position between the closed and fully open positions. The position sensor 130 may be any device that allows position measurement. The DO position sensor can be a capacitive transducer, an eddy current transducer, a grid sensor, a Hall effect sensor, an inductive proximity sensor, a laser Doppler vibrometer (optical), a linear variable differential transducer, a multi-axis transducer, a photodiode array, a piezoelectric transducer, a potentiometer. , proximity sensor (optical), seismic position change sensor, string potentiometer (also known as string chamber, string encoder, cable position sensor) or a combination thereof. In the embodiment of FIG. 2 and 3, the position sensor 130 is a relative position sensor (e.g., a position change sensor) based on the movement of the piston 110. The relative position sensor may be a Hall effect sensor including a position sensor with a Hall effect 132 chip that senses a position change a magnet 134 which is disposed in the piston Π0 to move it with it. In one embodiment, the magnet 134 is housed in a recess in the central male member 164. Alternatively, the magnet 134 may be mounted on or inside the piston 110. The chip 132 may be electrically connected to the electrical connector 140. The electrical connector 140 may be a plug or socket for connecting a cable (not shown) for connecting the electrical connector 140 to an external device. As shown in FIG. 2 and 3, the position sensor 132 is disposed substantially horizontally in the structure, i.e. relative to the orientation of the pressure piston actuator 100 on the side where it is shown in the figures and above the magnet 134. 5, the position sensor 132 may be located in the structure substantially vertically at a location where the magnet 134 may pass the position sensor 132 at least in one direction of the piston path 110. To form the pressure changes in the chamber 104, the pressure piston inlet 108 may be actuator 100 connected to a fluid source (not shown). The fluid source may comprise a regulator for controlling the fluid flow from the fluid source to or from the inlet 108. The fluid source controller may be electrically coupled to a computer processor unit (not shown) that is also electrically coupled to the electrical connector 140 and from there to the chip 132 of the position sensor 130. In this way, the computer processor unit may receive signals from the chip 132 that correspond to the piston position 110 and thus the position of the bypass valve to determine whether to connect a fluid source or to disconnect it, or to reverse the fluid source to drain fluid from chamber 104 to change the bypass valve position. The pressure piston actuator 100 may be a bypass valve which optionally opens to the desired altered position with the possibility of occupying a series of partial opening positions, thereby controlling the working pressure in the turbo-system so as to achieve the desired effect. As shown in FIG. 4, the pressure piston actuator 100 may include a mounting member 190 for installing the actuator into the turbo-system for connection to the bypass valve. The mounting member may be of various shapes and configurations as needed to connect the pressure piston actuator 100 to a given turbo-system. The mounting member may be removably connected or rigidly connected to the container portion 170 of the housing 102. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is a mounting member 190 removably connected to the bottom of the container portion 170 by attachment 192. The connection may be provided by bolts, studs, rivets, welds, or other known attachment elements. FIG. 6 and 7 show an expensive embodiment of a pressure piston actuator generally designated 200 having a simplified piston arrangement, i.e. piston 110 *. Piston 110 'allows to reduce the volume of material and manufacturing costs, but otherwise the pressure piston actuator 200 generally comprises the same components (as shown in the example with the same reference numerals in Figures 1-4) and operates essentially the same as the pressure piston actuator 100. The above description is fully applicable to a pressure piston actuator 200. The pressure piston actuator 200 has a housing 102 that includes a container portion 170 that defines a chamber 104 (Fig. 6) and a lid 172 that encloses one end of the chamber 104. 172 can be tightly coupled to the container portion 170 and fixed in place by the retaining ring 174. One difference between the embodiment of FIG. 6 and the embodiment of FIG. 1-4, in that the lid 172 is positioned proximate the lower end of the container 170 according to its orientation in the image on the respective side and not to the upper end of the container as shown in FIG. 1-4. Another difference from the above is the simpler design of the piston 110 ‘. Piston 110 * is a substantially hollow cylindrical member 210 with a closed first end 212 having a bore hole 214 for connecting a spherical pin connection to the head and an open end end 216 opposite the first end 212. The outer surface of the hollow cylindrical member 210 may have one or more grooves 218 that form fluid flow channels around piston 110 " or via piston 110 " when moving between different positions in the housing 102. In addition, the simplified piston 110 " unlike the magnet 134 shown in FIG. 1-4, has a magnet 134 attached thereto by a magnet holder 220 which also serves to connect the connection 120 to the plunger 110 with the hub to the plunger 110. The magnet holder 220 includes one portion of the connector 222, the threaded sleeve of FIG. 6 and the coupling of the ball joint with the head comprises a expensive portion of the connector 224. The threaded member for screwing into the threaded sleeve of FIG. 6 without, however, limiting the construction. Alternatively, the connectors may be a pawl, rivet joint, or any other type of well known joint. Once the invention has been described in detail with reference to its preferred embodiment, it will be apparent that modifications and variations of these embodiments are possible without, however, being outside the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. .

Claims (6)

9- < t < PATENT REQUIREMENTS PV2Q1S-Z € 6 Such a piston actuator comprising: a housing defining a chamber and a passageway leading into the chamber; a piston disposed in the chamber, the piston being capable of moving at least between the retracted position and the extended position; a rod attached to the piston by coupling the ball stud to the head; a spring placed in the chamber exerting a force on the piston and thereby on the rod towards the retracted position; wherein the fluid introduced into the chamber exerts pressure on the piston to the extent that it overcomes the force of the spring, moving the piston and thereby the rod to an extended position. Pressure piston actuator 1, wherein the spring is located below the piston. A pressure piston actuator 1 further comprising an inlet connected to the passageway for fluid communication with the chamber and an external source of positive or negative pressure. A pressure piston actuator 1 further comprising a connector at the opposite end of the rod than the end of the rod connecting the ball stud to the head. The pressure piston actuator of claim 1, further comprising a position sensor for sensing the piston position. The pressure piston actuator of claim 5, wherein the position sensor is a Hall effect sensor including a position magnet movable with the piston and a sensor chip to sense the position of the magnet. The pressure piston actuator of claim 5, further comprising an electrical connector as part of the housing and electrically coupled to the position sensor, wherein the electrical connector can be electrically connected to the external electrical device. The pressure piston actuator of claim 1, wherein the piston divides the chamber into a plurality of minor chambers, each of which is at least partially delimited by a portion of the upper surface of the piston. A pressure piston actuator according to claim 8, wherein the passage has one or more branches connecting the inlet with each of a plurality of minor chambers for fluid communication with each of the secondary chambers simultaneously. The pressure piston actuator of claim 8, wherein the housing defines at least one female member in which one central male member defines at least a portion of the piston. A pressure piston actuator according to claim 10, further comprising a guide sleeve forming at least a portion of the female face of the female member. The pressure piston actuator of claim 11, wherein the feminine housing member is a central feminine member that includes a guide sleeve as part of its inner face, and the housing comprises an annular female member located concentrically around the central female member; wherein the male member of the piston is a central male member and the male member comprises an annular male member positioned concentrically around the central male member and at a distance from the central male member; and wherein the central female member is inserted in the central female member and the annular male member is inserted in the female annular member. The pressure piston actuator of claim 12, wherein, in the fully retracted position, the central male piston member is fully inserted in the central female housing member and the annular male piston member is fully inserted in the annular female housing member. A pressure piston actuator according to claim 12, wherein in the partially or fully extended position the central male piston member with the central female housing member and the annular male piston member with the annular female housing member defines three secondary chambers. A pressure piston actuator according to claim 14, wherein the passageway is split to connect the inlet with each of the three side chambers for fluid communication with each of the three side chambers simultaneously. -11- -11- • · · • · Turbocharger pressure bypass valve control system, the system comprising: a piston actuator comprising: a housing defining a chamber and a passageway leading into the chamber; a piston disposed in the chamber, the piston being capable of moving at least between the retracted position and the extended position; a rod attached to the piston by coupling the ball stud to the head; a spring placed in the chamber exerting a force on the piston and thereby on the rod towards the retracted position; a connector located at the opposite end of the bar than the end of the bar with the ball stud and the head; wherein the fluid supplied to the chamber exerts pressure on the piston to the extent that it overcomes the force of the spring, advancing the piston and thereby the rod to an extended position, the turbocharger comprising: a bypass valve with a valve coupled to a connector located at the opposite end of the rod than the end of the spherical rod pin and head. The system of claim 16, further comprising a position sensor for sensing the position of the piston. The system of claim 17, wherein the position sensor is a Hall effect sensor including a position magnet movable with the piston and a sensor chip to sense the position of the magnet. The system of claim 17, further comprising an electrical connector as part of the housing and electrically connected to the position sensor, wherein the connector can be electrically connected to an external electrical device. The system of claim 17, wherein the external electrical device processes the signals from the position sensor to determine when to connect to disconnect or reverse the fluid source connected to the passage in the housing to perform a selected change in the position of the diverting valve to a desired position, including a plurality of positions in its partial opening.