CZ2012765A3 - General-purpose compact wheeled unit with electric motor drive in wheel hub - Google Patents

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a universal compact wheel unit with an electric drive in a wheel hub for small universal electroplatforms and small transport and transport means for electric drive consisting of an electric motor with an external rotor and a disc brake mounted to the axle and the opposite side of an electric motor following the wheel. with an external rotor, a brake and a wheel consists of a stator (5) and a rotor (6). The stator (5) is formed by a stator center (9) on which a bearing (10) with a bearing mandrel (11) is mounted and a nut (12) is a mandrel which is rigidly connected to the axle hub (13). The stator center (9) is connected to a stator winding intermediate piece (14) with stator winding poles (15) and stator winding pole coils (16) which are connected to the motor electronics (7) by a motor winding cable (17). The rotor (6) adjoins the bearing (10) and is formed by an outer rotor casing (18) fitted with permanent magnets (19) and a bearing ring (20), and a brake intermediate with a sealing element (21) adjoins the outer rotor casing (18). brake disc (22). In the inner space of the stator winding spacer (14) there is an engine electronics (7) consisting of a circuit board (23) of the servo amplifier and the resolver cables (25) connected thereto, a cable (26) of the servo amplifier and a power cable (27) of the printed circuit board, the electronics (7) further comprises a resolver (24) mounted on the stator periphery (5). The disc brake (8) consists of a brake disc (22) and a floating brake caliper (28) with brake pads (29). The wheel (4) consists of a wheel disc (30) and a tubeless tire (31), wherein the wheel bolts (32) are mounted on the wheel disc (30).

Description

Universal compact wheel unit with electric drive in the wheel hub

Technical field

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a universal compact wheel unit with an electric drive in a wheel hub, which can be used, for example, for universal electric platforms and small electric transport vehicles.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The realization of wheel units with electric drives in wheel hubs, for example in the field of electric vehicles, is mainly known only at the concept or functional prototype level. For example, Electric's sophisticated solution (http://www.proteanelectric.com) is an exception. These are super-powerful electric drives in the wheel hubs of cars, but their dimensions predetermine them for use in wheels with a diameter of 18-24 inches. The application of four of these engines allows to build a car with the parameters of a supercar. These results (and long-term research by the company) show, among other things, that the increase in unsprung masses in the wheel hub concept does not have to negatively affect the overall behavior of the vehicle chassis. Other hitherto developed solutions of wheel units with the placement of electric drives in wheel hubs do not show sufficiently positive parameters for use in electric vehicles, especially in smaller wheels. Nowadays, for example, in the field of electric vehicles, electric drives are not used to a large extent in the wheel hubs, the use of an electric motor to drive one axle predominates, so the presence of a differential, timing shafts and joints is required.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

These disadvantages of existing applications are solved by a versatile compact wheel unit with an electric drive in the wheel hub, for example when used in universal electroplatforms and small electric transport vehicles. The universal compact wheel unit consists of an electric motor with an external rotor and a disc brake, attached to the axle and from the opposite side to the electric motor adjoining the motor, the essence is that the electric motor with an external rotor, brake and wheel consists of a stator and rotor, where It consists of a stator center on which a bearing with a bearing mandrel and a nut of darkness is mounted, which at the opposite end is firmly connected to the axle hub, the stator center is connected to the stator winding adapter with stator winding poles and stator winding pole coils connected motor with a motor winding power cable, the rotor being connected to the bearing and being formed by an outer rotor housing fitted with permanent magnets and a bearing ring, the outer rotor housing being connected by a brake spacer with a sealing element and a brake disc, The motor electronics are comprised of a printed circuit board of a servo drive and resolver cables, a servo amplifier cable and a printed circuit board power cable, the electronics further comprising a resolver mounted on the stator circuit. It is further preferred that the disc brake consists of a brake disc and a floating caliper with brake pads.

It is further preferred that the wheel consists of a wheel disc and a tubeless tire, where the wheel bolts are mounted on the wheel disc.

The distinctive advantages of the proposed universal compact wheel unit with an electric drive in the wheel hub, for example in the field of application for universal electroplatforms and small electric means of transport, consist of a number of specific partial new design elements:

Universal compact wheel unit with electric drive in the wheel hub is built on the basis of direct drive (torsion drive) of the wheel. The gearbox is therefore not part of the drive. The electric motor has a reversed function - the stator in the middle, the rotor forms the outer casing to which the standard wheel disc is attached. The advantage of this concept is the design of the drive not exceeding the width of the inner space of the car wheel disc.

The universal compact wheel unit is intended for installation in universal electric platforms and small electric vehicles, especially for smaller disc diameters, for example 14 or more inches. The solution allows the unit to be mounted on the front (steered) axle of the electroplatform or other electric vehicle with the possibility of four-wheel drive.

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Another advantage of the universal compact wheel unit is that it can be installed using standard axles (eg the most widespread Mc Pherson type) without having to make any major modifications to their design or geometry.

An important advantage of the universal compact wheel unit is the solution to the problems of positioning and using the additional service (disc) brake. Many competing systems are designed without additional service brake. This concept is unsatisfactory because the maximum braking torque of the electric motor is not sufficient in crisis situations to produce a maximum braking effect exceeding the level of tire adhesion to the (dry and rough) terrain surface. Other solutions, on the other hand, have a brake, but usually employ a standard size disc brake corresponding to the size, weight and design speed of the car, even built in the same position relative to the axle and wheel disc. The electric drive is then positioned almost next to the wheel and occupies much more axle space, and is also heavier overall. In this case, the braking potential of the overall system is oversized and therefore unusable. There are other solutions which differ from the proposed wheel unit mainly in the position and type of the brake disc. In this case, the brake disc has the maximum possible diameter and the brake caliper (s) are located from the inside. The advantage of our compact wheel unit, however, is in the application of a small suitably sized disc brake of the standard concept (with one external floating brake caliper), which is located between the axle hub and the inner wall of the electric motor rotor. When utilizing the braking potential of the electric motor, this suitably sized disc brake has small dimensions with respect to the size, weight and design speed of the vehicle. This concept also makes it possible to use suitable standard brake systems (eg small cars or motorcycles), if necessary.

Another advantage of the proposed universal compact wheel unit is that it integrates the drive electronics. Inside the wheel unit there is a built-in PCB of the drive and a resolver (drive feedback element). This step minimized (or completely eliminated) the classic cable routing between the resolver and the servo amplifier, respectively the servo amplifier and the coils of the electric motor windings.

A significant advantage of the proposed design is the compact design of the wheel unit, the small number of elements and the resulting low weight.

The presented solution thus allows to apply a compact direct electric drive (electric motor without gearbox) to a category A vehicle (small vehicles) and to create an electric vehicle with two or four-wheel drive without much intervention in the existing technology. The standard disc brake concept with external floating caliper allows the application of commonly used disc brake

• Braking systems with lower power (electric motor is also involved in braking) than the overall size and weight of the car. The brake therefore has a smaller brake disc diameter and a smaller brake pad surface. Another advantage of this solution is the effort to place all the electronics, ie not only the feedback element (resolver), but also the amplifier itself in the internal cavities of the electric motor of the wheel unit. Another advantage of the solution is the compactness of the structure, the small number of elements and the resulting low weight.

Overview of pictures

Figures and legend are shown on the enclosed sheets.

The annotation figure shows a cross-section of a universal compact wheel unit with an electric drive in the wheel hub

GIANT. 1 Rust with universal compact wheel unit

GIANT. 2 Sectional view of the universal compact wheel unit

GIANT. 3 Universal compact wheel unit - general view

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Universal compact wheel unit with electric drive in the wheel hub, for use for eg universal electroplatforms and small electric means of transport and transport is formed by electric motor 2 with external rotor and disc brake attached to axle 3 and on the opposite side to electric motor connecting wheel 4.

The electric motor 2 with the outer rotor, the brake and the wheel consists of a stator 5 and a rotor 6, the stator 5 being formed by a stator center 9 on which a bearing 10 with a bearing mandrel 11 and a dark nut 12 is mounted. the stator center 9 is connected to the stator winding spacer 14 of the stator winding spool 15 and the stator winding poles 16, which are connected to the motor electronics 7 by a motor winding power cable 17, the rotor 6 being connected to the bearing 10 and formed by an outer casing

The rotor is fitted with permanent magnets 19 and a bearing ring 20, with the intermediate casing 18 of the rotor adjoining a spacer. the brake electronics with the sealing member 21 and the brake disc 22, the inside of the stator winding spacer 14 accommodating the motor electronics 7 consisting of the servo amplifier printed circuit board 23 and resolver cables 25, servo amplifier cable 26 and printed circuit board power cable 27. 7 further comprises a resolver 24 mounted on the periphery of the stator 5. The universal compact wheel unit with an electric drive in the wheel hub, for example for universal electroplatforms and small electric transport vehicles has disc brakes 8 consisting of a brake disc 22 and a floating caliper 28 with brake pads 29. Wheel 4 consists of a wheel disc 30 and a tubeless tire 31 where wheel bolts 32 are mounted on the wheel disc 30.

Function

The universal compact wheel unit with an electric drive in the wheel hub, 1, serves, for example, to drive city vehicles and transport means with a low weight and reduced maximum speed. The universal compact wheel unit can be mounted on both the rear (uncontrolled) axle and the front (steered) axle 3 to which it is attached by means of a stator center 9, which is rigidly connected to the axle hub 13. The rotor 6 is mounted on the stator 5 on the bearing 10 by means of an outer rotor housing 18 fixedly connected to the bearing ring 20, the bearing 10 being secured at the stator center 9 of the stator by means of the bearing darkness 11 and the darkness nut 12.

The stator winding coils 16 on the stator winding poles 15 located at the stator winding adapter 14 of the stator 5 powered by the output of the servo amplifier printed circuit board at the motor electronics 7 via the motor winding power cable 17 rotates the rotor 6 with permanent magnets. is transmitted by the wheel bolts 32 from the rotating outer casing 18 of the electric motor with the outer rotor and the brake to the wheel disc 30 rigidly connected to the tubeless tire 31 of the wheel 4, which is in contact with the ground surface on which the vehicle moves.

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Feedback is provided by a resolver 24 whose information about the current position of the rotor 6 relative to the stator 5 is evaluated by the PCB 23 of the motor electronics servo-amplifier 7, powered from the accumulators by the PCB power supply cable 27 and controlled by the automobile superior control system. servoamplifiers. The output of the electric motor with external rotor and brake and its method of control by means of the motor electronics 7 allows the operation of the transport or transport means to use the electric motor with external rotor and brake universal compact wheel unit with electric drive in wheel hub. drive at vehicle start-up as well as for braking with kinetic energy recovery, which is returned to the vehicle batteries via the power supply circuit board 27 of the motor electronics via the power cable 27 of the power supply board.

A disc brake 8 consisting of a brake disc 22 and a floating caliper 28 with brake pads 29, which is fixedly coupled to the axle hub 13, is intended to increase the maximum braking effect of the universal compact wheel unit 1 with an electric drive in the hub, for universal electroplatforms and small electric vehicles, for example in crisis situations.

Electric motor with external rotor and brake universal compact wheel unit 1 with electric drive in the wheel hub, for use in eg universal electric platforms and small electric vehicles, is sealed against dirt and moisture by bearing 10 with seal and sealing element 2L Wheel 4 , consisting of a disc 30 and, for example, a tubeless tire 31, is centered to the outer casing 18 of the rotor in the shape of a disc 30 and fixedly secured by wheel bolts 32. The suspension and damping function of the universal compact wheel unit 1, with an electric drive in the wheel hub, for use, for example, for universal electroplatforms and for small electric transport vehicles, is fully provided by axle 3.

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Industrial applicability

A versatile wheel hub with electric drive in the wheel hub, it is designed for standard use in smaller wheels, for example with a disc diameter of 14 or more inches.

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List of used positions

1) Universal compact wheel unit with electric drive in the wheel hub

2) Electric motor with external rotor and brake

3) Axle

4) Round

5) Stator

6) Rotor

7) Motor electronics

8) Disc brake

9) Stator center

10) Bearing

11) Bearing dark

12) Dark Matrix

13) Axle hub

14) Intermediate piece of stator winding

15) Pole of stator winding

16) Stator winding pole coil

17) Motor winding power cable

18) External rotor housing

19) Permanent magnets

20) Bearing ring

21) Sealing element

22) Brake disc

23) PCB of the drive

(24) Resolver

25) Resolver cable

26) Power cable

27) Power supply board of the power amplifier board

28) Floating brake caliper

29) Brake pad

30) Wheel disc

31) Tubeless tire

32) Wheel bolt

Claims (3)

1. A universal compact wheel unit with an electric drive in a wheel hub for universal electroplatforms and small electric means of transport and transport, consisting of an electric motor with an external rotor and a disc brake attached to the axle and on the opposite side of an electric motor adjoining the wheel; The electric motor 2 with the outer rotor, the brake and the wheel consists of a stator 5 and a rotor 6, the stator 5 being formed by a stator center 9 on which a bearing 10 with a bearing mandrel 11 and a darkness nut 12 is fixed. The stator center 9 is connected to the stator winding spacer 14 with the stator winding poles 15 and the stator winding poles 16, which are connected to the motor electronics 7 by a motor winding power cable 17, the rotor 6 being connected to the bearing 10 and formed by an outer casing 18 the rotor housing is fitted with permanent magnets 19 and bearing ring 20, the outer housing 18 of the rotor is connected to the brake spacer with the sealing element 21 and the brake disc 22, the motor electronics 7 consisting of the servo amplifier printed circuit board 23 cable of resolver 25, cable 26 servozesilo The electronics 7 further comprise a resolver 24 mounted on the periphery of the stator 5. A versatile compact wheel unit with an electric drive in a wheel hub for universal electroplatforms and small electric power transport and transport means according to claim 1, characterized in that: It has disc brakes 8 consisting of a brake disc 22 and a floating caliper 28 with brake pads 29. A versatile compact wheel unit with an electric drive in a wheel hub for universal electroplatforms and small electric means of transport and transport according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wheel 4 consists of a wheel disc 30 and a tubeless tire 31, wherein wheel bolts 32 are mounted on the wheel disc 30.