CZ2006697A3 - Composition of depot olanzapine injection systems - Google Patents

Abstract

The antipsychotic olanzapine depot composition comprises 3 to 10% by weight of olanzapine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which is at least partially dissolved in the polymeric carrier. The carrier may be polyethylene glycol, in particular from 400 to 1500 g / mol, and additives selected from mono-, di- and tri-glyceride, propylene glycol, phospholipid, dimethylsulfoxide or ethanol may be included.

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to depot injection systems containing the known antipsychotic drug olanzapine.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The use of depot injectable preparations in which the active ingredient is released into the body gradually so that the preparation is effective from a few days to several weeks is directed to those areas of therapy where it is difficult for the patient to take the formulation in a conventional oral dosage form.

It is therefore irreplaceable in antipsychotics, where the patient often refuses the product due to his / her mental state.

Such forms are used in classical antipsychotics and are gradually introduced in atypical antipsychotics, where the effect is somewhat different. However, it turns out that each substance requires some optimal formulation. In addition to a uniform effect, it is also a requirement for low pain. Painful injections in psychiatric patients can greatly impair the possibilities of administration.

Published systems of lipid phases and their use for depot forms of API:

L2 phase

According to literature data, the L2 phase consists of several with different systems.

An example of patent literature (US 5 151 272, Fluid Carbon):

% monoolein 27% triglyceride% saturated API solution in water.

The later disadvantages of the L2 phase are described in the patent application WO 2005 / 117J830 from Camurus, where it is said that the L2 phase is too viscous and unsuitable for injection, especially when taking up water. However, this phase consists of a mixture of diglyceride and phosphatide (usually lecithin). In this application it is said that

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The L2 phase is stable if it contains below 40% phospholipid. In the application, it solves the viscosity by adding a biocompatible organic solvent. The high viscosity is usually solved by dilution, for example with ethanol in amounts of 5 to 10%.

A preferred composition is: glycerol dioleate / phospholipid 85:15 to 30:70

Example:

mg olanzapine

360 mg phosphatidylcholine

100 mg ethanol

540 mg of glycerol dioleate (resulting in a 4.7% olanzapine acceptable viscous solution) was injected into excess water.

In vitro experiments in this application were carried out with a dental capsule, the so-called periodontal pocket, commercially manufactured under the name Periochip. An example of an API release of 5%, Lecithin 34%, Glycerin dioleate%, EtOH 10% is described in the application in Example 47 and shown in the image appendix.

This application also contains another figure where it can be seen that the release over a range of days is not linear, but a curve that resembles the curve y = 1-e ' ¹ '. Both figures are attached here as FIGS. 1 and 2.

L3 phase

US 5,531,925 discloses that it arises as a liquid crystal phase composed of reverse cubic or hexagonal phases. The L3 phase also exists above 60 ° C in the system:

Glycerin monooleate / poloxamer 188 / water

Poloxamer 188 is commercially Pluronic F68, a copolymer of polyethylene glycol α

polypropylene glycol. Patent Examples: Glycerin monooleate 50% 6.5% Poloxamer 407 3.5% 4% Water 46,5% 89.5%

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The L3 phase can be reversed cubic or hexagonal phase.

Similar behavior in L3 phase formation was observed when the system was replaced with GMO / LEC / Poloxamer 407 / water. By varying the components, mixtures can be prepared wherein the inner particles have a cubic phase and are located in the L3 phase.

Cubic phase

It is described in US Patent No. 5,371,109 to Drilletten as a mixture of:

Glycerin monooleate (GMO) 60%

Glycerin 10%

Nasyc. API solution in water or ethanol 30%.

Also in U.S. Pat. No. 5,531,925 there is a mention of a cubic phase, which should preferably contain 18 to 67% water and max. 20% poloxamer 407, the remainder not shown, but it is assumed to be analogous to previous data on glycerol monooleate.

The homogeneous cubic phase is also described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,531,925, which is produced by a GMO mixture of 65%

Water 35%

If this phase is added, with stirring, poloxamer 188 in an amount of 8 _f 0 to 3.5%, resulting in a stable dispersion. A typical composition is given as follows: 53/4/43.

By changing the composition, the L3 phase of GMO / poloxamer 188 / water (10/18/72) is formed.

Cubic phases of a different composition are described by Justas Barauskas, Markus Johnsson, Fredrik Joabsson, and Fredrik Tiberg: Cubic Phase Nanoparticles (Cubosome): Principles for Controlling Size, Structure, and Stability: Langmuir2005_21_2569, where the base is a mixture of monoglyceride and oleic acid 95: 5 and an aqueous solution of Poloxamer (Lutrol F 127) is admixed to the mixture in an amount of one percent, a molecular weight of about 12,600 g / mol. The lipid phase to polymer ratio of about 9: 1 and the water content after emulsion formation after about several hours of stirring was about 95%. The longer the mixing time, the smaller the particles were formed (max 12 hours).

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Another work deals with similar cubosomes (J. Gustafsson,: Langmuirl996_12_4611). The cubic phases are of several kinds, P, D, G, as disclosed in patent application WO 2005 / 117-430.

Hexagonal phase

The system consists of (M. Johnsson,: Langmuir2005_21_5159) diglycerin monooleate (2) and glycerin dioleate (1)

o in a ratio of 1/2 60:40 or 50:50 and Lutrol F127 in an amount of about 10%. This mixture was emulsified with excess water (90-98%) for up to 12 hours and the emulsion was then subjected to a pressure of 100 psi and a temperature of 125 ° C. After cooling, the emulsion is stable.

Other possibilities of lipid-based depot forms are disclosed in US Patent 5,955,502 (GS Development), which provides the following examples of mixtures:

GMO / water

GMO / EtOH / water

GMO / EtOH / glycerol

GMO / EtOH / lecithin

65/35 85/15

50/40/10 50/30/20 55/45/5

For preparation, it is reported that the API is dissolved in ethanol or suspended in GMO and then ethanol is added.

In other patents of GS Development (U.S. Pat. No. 5,753,259, U.S. Pat. No. 5,807,573, U.S. Pat. No. 5,906,831, U.S. Pat. No. 6,228,383), only combinations of the foregoing are disclosed without particular invention.

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For mainly peptide and protein active substances, it is reported in the literature (Matriparaga Sankaram, Progress in lipid research 2002, 41 (5), 392-406) that so-called depo foam, which are multivesicular liposomes (MVL), is preferably used.

For liposomes, the interesting fact that larger liposomes release the substance (in this case metrizamide) more slowly has been reported in the literature (Metrup E. Arzneimittel Forschung 1989, 39 (4), 421-3). For example:

% of the substance released at 48 h with a liposome size of 100 pm% of the substance released at 48 h with a liposome size of 180 pm.

Also described (Han Hee Dong ..: Macromolecular Research 2005, 13 (1) 54-61) are temperature sensitive liposomes which are prepared by adding poly (N-isopropylacrylamide to phospholipid).

It is unusual to use silicone oil (Jaitely V .: Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology 2004, 14 (2), 113-17) (dimethylsiloxane) in stable slow release emulsions (dexamethasone), but this is probably a topical formulation. In this case, castor oil and silicone oil and octylphenyl poly (10) oxyethyl ether were used as emulsifiers.

In Tiemessen H. European Journal for Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics 2004, 58, 587-593, the so-called SupraVial (MLM) Membrane Lipid Matrix technology from Phares (Switzerland) was used for in vivo testing in cattle.

Formulation:

API 10

Soy phosphatidyl choline 70-55

Miglyol 812 0 to 20

Ethanol 20 to 15

There is no major difference in effect. When applied under the skin the effect lasts for 2 to 3 weeks.

Ethanol can be replaced by ethyl lactate, but the viscosity of these formulations increases considerably. Even tolerability was worse. Additions of detergents were less tolerable.

In this work it is said that the API should not precipitate in crystalline form after injection into the object, this causes inflammation-like effects and the tolerability is lower.

In vitro, a procedure has been developed to try:

Ethanolic API solution (25 mg / 1 ml) was added and phospholipid was added in 1: 2.1: 5, 1:10: 10: 20 samples. The samples were then diluted 10 times with water and examined under a microscope. to precipitate crystals, liposomal suspensions are already formed and these API: phospholipid concentrations are already suitable for formulation.

Olanzapine is also directly related to the patent applications of Eli Lilly WO 99/1 <S313 and WO 00/18408. It is stated that it is possible to dissolve olanzapine with a particle size of up to 5 µm in an amount of 300 mg in the mixture

Miglyol 812 90%

White wax 10%

Optionally 500 mg olanzapine in 12 g lecithin (which is a 4% solution); it is not stated what lecithin it is. In most patents, egg lecithin is used for depot emulsions but is solid

The solubility of olanzapine with two moles of oleic acid (about dioleate) as 30 mg in 1 ml of miglyol 812 is reported.

In a most preferred embodiment, the use of olanzapine is a pamoate having many solvates. The relevant acid (pamoic acid, otherwise embonic acid, CAS 130-85-8) has the formula:

COOH

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the present invention to provide a depot olanzphine injection composition comprising 3 to 10% olanzapine or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which also comprises a polymeric carrier. The function of the polymeric carrier is essential to the embodiment of the invention.

The polymeric carrier is selected such that at least a portion of the olanzapine or salt thereof can be dissolved therein. Other optional ingredients such as mono-, di- or tri-glycerides;

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-7 phospholipids, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), water or ethanol, the injection mixture is adjusted to give a uniform release over a selected period of time.

One aspect of the invention is the choice of a polymeric carrier such that at least a portion of olanzapine is in the solid state and a second portion in solution in the polymer. The preparation of such a system consists in dissolving olanzapine or its salts in a polymeric carrier and subsequently crystallizing it under controlled conditions.

The active substance release conditions are then unambiguously set by the desired content of active substance, type of polymer, its molecular weight and possible other additives.

Surprisingly, in the systems defined above, the release rate of olanzapine decreases with increasing content. This has a major effect on the amount of substance injected. It makes it possible to produce long-lasting, low volume injections. This plays a role in pain during administration and in the possible size of the subcutaneous depot when injections are administered subcutaneously.

Suitable polymeric carriers for carrying out the preparation according to the invention are polymers of ethylene glycol or propylene glycol, or copolymers of the two. An important feature is the molecular weight of the selected polymer, which in the case of "polyglycols" is selected in the range of 400 to 1500 g / mol. A particularly suitable carrier is polyethylene glycol of molecular weight 100. Polypropylene glycol may also be used. The amount of polymers in the injectable form according to the invention ranges from 1 to 97%.

The amount of optional additional ingredients is selected up to 96% of mono-, di- or tri-glycerides, up to 20% for substances such as DMSO, ethanol or water.

The invention is illustrated in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the following examples.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Giant. 1 is a reference to the release rate of WO 2005 / 117j830.

Giant. 2 represents another reference to the release rate according to WO 2005 / 117-430.

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Giant. 3 shows the measurement results of Example 1.

Giant. 4 shows the measurement results of Example 2.

Giant. 5 shows the measurement results of Example 3.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Procedure for release testing

The procedure for testing the release begins with weighing the sample into a dialysis membrane (weighing the matrix with a content of about 5 mg of active substance).

1 ml saline was added and sealed with a clip. The sample membrane thus prepared is immersed in a sealed container of 100 ml saline and left at 37 ° C in an oven. Sampling of saline is performed every 24 hours, when the content of released olanzapine is measured by HPLC method. Every day, 100 ml of saline is replaced with a new solution, and further collection and exchange of the physical solution is repeated every 24 hours. Over the weekend, the casing is immersed in 300 ml of saline and left at 37 ° C; sampling is performed after 72 hours.

The composition of the saline solution is 7.8 g NaCl, 0.3 g Na ₂ HPO4 * 2H ₂ O, 0.14 g NaH ₂ PO ₄ * H ₂ O per liter of deionized water, the pH is adjusted with 0.5 M NaOH to 7.4.

Membranes:

Spectra / Por molecularporous membrane tubing (10 mm wide; Spectrum Laboratories)

Klipsny:

Spectra / Por Weighted Closures (Spectrum Laboratories)

Samples are analyzed by HPLC method:

COLUMN Hypersil BDS C1, 250 x 4.6 mm, 5 pm

MOBILE PHASES

A: Phosphate buffer: 1.56 g NaH ₂ PO ₄ is dissolved in 1000 ml deionized H ₂ O. The pH is adjusted to 2.5 with 50% phosphoric acid

B: Acetonitrile

ELUCE isocratic 80/20 (v / v)

FLOW Lml / min

DETECTION 254 nm • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

SPRAY 20 μΐ TIME OF ANALYSIS 15 min

Example 1

Verification of the effect of olanzapine concentration in depot matrices on release rate

Sample preparation:

Samples with different contents of olanzapine with otherwise identical composition were prepared as follows:

To a viscous mixture of 50% by weight monoglyceride K (glycerin monoplate) and 50% by weight polyethylene glycol with an average mol. An appropriate amount of olanzapine was added to a mixture containing 2.4 and 6% olanzapine under a inert argon atmosphere at a weight of 600 ° C. The mixture was vigorously stirred at this temperature with a magnetic stirrer until a transparent homogeneous solution was formed.

The results are shown in Figure 3.

Example 2

Verification of the effect of water concentration in depot matrix mixtures on release rate

At 80 ° C, 140 mg of olanzapine was dissolved in a mixture of 1 g of monoglyceride K and 1 g of polyethylene glycol 600 into a viscous solution with vigorous stirring on a magnetic stirrer.

The mixture thus obtained was weighed with 1 g and 0.1 ml of distilled water was added thereto at 80 ° C and stirred until homogenization. After 10 minutes with stirring, allow to cool to 25 ° C. This resulted in a depot containing 8.5% water.

In the same way, a sample with 15.7% water was added after the addition of 0.2 ml of water and a sample containing 21.9% water after the addition of 0.3 ml of water.

The results are shown in Figure 4.

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Example 3

Release of microcrystalline olanzapine into saline.

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Preparation of microcrystalline olanzapine by rapid precipitation into saline.

g of olanzapine is dissolved with stirring in 13 g of polyethylene glycol 600 at 80 ° C. The solution was removed from the bath and 10 ml of physiological saline was added to the warm solution while stirring, to form a clear liquid, followed by an additional 10 ml of physiological saline solution which caused turbidity to deepen. After stirring for 5 minutes, an additional 30 mL of saline was added. After 30 minutes, the precipitate was aspirated and washed with 2x50 ml of distilled water and dried in a vacuum oven at room temperature.

Preparation of microcrystalline olanzapine by slow precipitation into saline.

0.25 g of olanzapine is dissolved with stirring in 3.3 g of polyethylene glycol 600 at 80 ° C. The solution was removed from the bath and allowed to cool to room temperature. After 2 hours, physiological saline was added very slowly to the solution with stirring. 2 ml of physiological saline was added dropwise over 5 hours. The mixture was stirred overnight and then the precipitate was aspirated and washed with 2 x 5 ml of water and then dried in a vacuum oven.

Preparation of a depot olanzapine solution.

In 3.07g of polyethylene glycol 600, 0.25g of olanzapine was dissolved with stirring at 80 ° C. The mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature with stirring.

1.5 g of the stock solution thus prepared were weighed and 0.16 g of medicinal ethanol were added thereto under stirring at room temperature. The mixture was stirred for 15 minutes. The results are shown in Figure 5.

Discussion of results:

The gradual release of olanzapine in in vitro experiments can also be achieved with other ratios of polyethylene glycol and glycerin monooleate or glycerin dioleate. Polyethylene glycol can be replaced by polypropylene glycol or their copolymer (pluronics). The molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol is optimally about 600 mol. units. At higher values, the viscosity is increasing, which has to be compensated by higher additions of water, ethanol, or dimethylsulfoxide. Similar results to polyethylene glycol provide monomeric -

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propylene glycol. Surprising results of the release rate were obtained depending on the concentration of olanzapine, where at higher concentrations the deceleration occurs and the release curve approaches the zero order. The water content in the depot mixtures slows the release, but the relationship is not linear, here the cosolvent dependence and the formation of microcrystalline olanzapine, which occurs at water contents above 8 to 10%, are mixed.

Equally linear is the release of olanzapine, which results from a very slow dilution of the depot from the polymeric carrier across the membrane. This process can be partially modeled by preparing microcrystals by slowly precipitating and introducing the crystalline phase inside the membrane. Depot forms, which additionally contain lecithin, are only released to a certain extent in vitro and are no longer released (they form the end plate). The addition of medium chain triglycerides rather influences the solubility of olanzapine in the depot form of the above compositions and hence the release rate, i.e., rather, accelerates the release with subsequent formation of a concentration plate.

Claims (5)

PATENT CLAIMS A composition of depot olanzapine injection systems comprising 3 to 10% by weight of olanzapine or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, further comprising 1 to 97% by weight of a polymeric carrier selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, a copolymer thereof and a mixture having a molecular weight of 400 to 1500 g / mol, and optionally up to 96% by weight of mono-, di- and / or triglycerides, up to 20% by weight of dimethylsulfoxide, up to 20% by weight of water and / or up to 20% by weight of ethanol. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that polyethylene glycol of molecular weight 400 to 1500 µl is used as the polymer. Composition according to claim 2, characterized in that polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 600% is used. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that polypropylene glycol is used as the polymer. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least a portion of olanzapine or a salt thereof is in a solid state prior to administration.