CZ2000603A3 - Bitumen or asphalt for making wearing course, the wearing course per se and process for making the wearing course as well as use of mastic asphalt - Google Patents

Abstract

Bitumen or asphalt for roadway covers contains paraffin obtained by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FT-paraffin). The roadway consists of a lower sand or gravel layer (4) on which the bituminous support layer (3) is arranged containing a paraffin fraction obtained by FischerTropsch synthesis, wherein the proportion of FT-paraffin relative to the fraction % of bitumen is 0.5 to 10%, preferably 2.5 to 7.5%.

Description

Bitumen or asphalt for road pavement, road pavement, road pavement method and use of poured asphalt

Technical field

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a bitumen or asphalt for forming a pavement comprising a lower sand / gravel layer on which a bituminous backing layer and an upper asphalt concrete or topsheet is provided, a method of forming a pavement, a method of forming a pavement using old the old road surface and the proportion of new asphalt, whereby the old asphalt is first heated to a temperature lower than the temperature of the new asphalt and the old asphalt and the new asphalt are then mixed together. Finally, the invention relates to the use of mastic asphalt with the addition of FT-paraffin for paved surfaces, bridge and mastic covers and asphalt layers of all kinds.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Pavement covers are mainly made of asphalt or a mixture of bitumen with additives such as sand, gravel, rounded or sharp-edged small aggregates or the like.

A high wear resistance is required for the road cover. In addition, the road cover should have a low tendency to deform so that unevenness such as ruts and the like,

did not arise long time if possible usage. at all,- optionally only in small rate and after The task invention Yippee technical problematics finding improved bitumen or asphalt, especially for fabrication

road cover.

· · ♦ · · ·........................ ·· ·· ·· ···· ·· ··

2. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The problem is solved and the drawbacks of known solutions of this kind are largely eliminated by the bitumen or asphalt for forming the pavement according to the invention, which comprises a proportion of paraffin obtained by synthesis according to Fischer-Tropsch (FTparafin).

The proportion of FT-paraffin is 0.5% or more, preferably 1.5 to 5% to 7.5% or 10%.

FT-paraffin has a melting point (freezing point) in the range of approximately 68 to 105 ° C and is at least partly composed of oxidized FT-paraffin.

The present invention also provides a pavement comprising a lower sand / gravel layer on which a bitumen backing layer and an upper asphalt concrete or topcoat layer are arranged according to the invention, wherein the bitumen or bitumen backing layer comprises a proportion of paraffin obtained by synthesis according to Fischer-Tropsch (FT-paraffin). It is preferred that the proportion of FT-paraffin is 0.5 to 10%, preferably 1.5 to 7.5%, in particular 3 to 5%. Also, the coating preferably also contains a proportion of FTparaffin.

The subject of the invention is also a pavement cover, the cover comprising a binding layer, in which the binding layer also contains a proportion of FT-paraffin.

The proportion of FT-paraffin in the coating is preferably 0.5 to 5% based on bitumen, the FT-paraffin having a melting point (freezing point) in the range of about 68 to 105 ° C and is preferably at least

partly composed of oxidized FT-paraffin.

The invention also relates to a method of forming a pavement, which comprises adding to the bitumen-containing bitumen a paraffin obtained by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FT-paraffin), wherein the proportion of FT-paraffin relative to The amount of bitumen is 0.5 to 10%, preferably 2.5 to 7.5%, in particular 3 to 5%.

FT-Paraffin is added in an amount of 0.5 to 5% to the bitumen-containing bitumen to form a road construction covering.

If the pavement comprises a binding layer, FT-paraffin is added to the bitumen-containing bitumen in an amount of 0.5 to 5%, based on bitumen, to form the pavement binding layer.

The FT-paraffin is preferably added to the liquid bitumen in solid form, in particular in the form of granules, powder, flakes or tablets or in liquid form, and is preferably at least partially formed by oxidized FT-paraffin.

The mastic asphalt thus obtained with the addition of FT-paraffin pro can be used for paved surfaces, bridge and mastic covers and asphalt layers of all kinds.

The invention also relates to a method of forming a pavement using a proportion of old asphalt from the removed old pavement surface and a proportion of new asphalt, wherein the old asphalt is first heated to a temperature lower than the new asphalt and the old asphalt and new asphalt are mixed together. whose essence lies in the fact that to new asphalt or

alternatively, FT-paraffin is added to the old asphalt.

The FT-paraffin is preferably added in an amount of 0.1 to 0.5%, based on the amount of new asphalt used.

Bitumen or asphalt thus contains a proportion of paraffin obtained by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FT-paraffin). FT-paraffins consist mainly of normal paraffins. Typically, more than 90% is N-alkanes. The remainder are ISO-alkanes. The length of the carbon chain is about C30 to C100 at a pour point in the range of about 68 to 105 ° C. The proportion of FT-paraffin, based on the bitumen content of the asphalt or bitumen as such, is 0.5% or more, preferably 1.5 to 5% to 7.5% or 10%. These percentages are usually given in% -wt. However, it may also be based on% by volume. Surprisingly, it has been found that the road cover made of such modified bitumen or asphalt is substantially more resistant. Compared to the prior art bituminous or asphalt-based road covers, the formation of ruts that occur in road traffic due to the load of passing motor vehicles is substantially reduced. The strength of the pavement depends on a number of different and interacting factors. One particularly important factor is the degree of compaction. In this respect, it has surprisingly been found that the addition of FT-paraffin allows a considerably higher degree of compaction. Although FT-paraffins in their ultimate effect lead to a higher hardness of the pavement, on the contrary, in the liquid state, at the same time they reduce the viscosity of the binding material, i.e. bitumen, so that it acts as a flow enhancing agent. Furthermore, the strength of the pavement depends on the aggregate used, whether it consists of rounded or sharp-edged pieces. High strength can be achieved especially when using sharp-edged aggregates, which is attributed to better anchoring of individual grains of this aggregate. On the other hand, in the case of aggregates or gravel with rounded grains, a higher degree of compaction can be achieved. Again, the addition of FT-paraffins has beneficial effects. The adhesion of bitumen to aggregates, whether grit or gravel, will also improve. A particularly significant improvement can be achieved by using a bitumen containing FT-paraffin, which is at least partially composed of oxidized FT-paraffin. Thus, compared to unoxidized paraffins, the freezing point is reduced by about 5 ° C, but the bitumen adhesion is substantially increased, so that it is possible to use at least in part gravel or grit with rounded grains without necessarily reducing the strength. The beneficial effect of the oxidized FT-paraffins is attributed to the polarity of the functional groups contained therein.

In practical cases, the proportion of FT-paraffins is 0.5 to 10% by weight, preferably 2.5 to 5% by weight, in particular 4 to 5% by weight, based on bitumen. It is preferred that the FT-paraffins used have a melting point (freezing point) in the range of about 90 to 105 ° C.

While normal asphalt, as rolled asphalt, contains approximately 3-8% bitumen, so-called cast asphalt is also produced, which contains approximately 6.5 to 8.5% bitumen. Usually bitumens of grade B45 or higher are used. In order to prevent the deposition of mineral constituents during the transport of the cast asphalt, the cast asphalt needs to be constantly mixed until the final processing. In order to maintain the viscosity required for such mixing, the cast asphalt is heated to relatively high temperatures in the range of 200 to 250 ° C. Surprisingly, the addition of FT-paraffins, as already mentioned, in approximately the same proportion to the asphalt poured or the bituminous bitumen, leads to the fact that the temperature required for the mixture to be mixed can be greatly reduced. While at least temperatures of at least 220-250 ° C have been required hitherto, a reduction is possible with the addition of FT-paraffins

of these temperatures by 30 ° C. At the same time, this reduction in temperature is associated with the significant advantage of reducing pollutant emissions.

In addition, in the case of asphalt, both rolled and cast asphalt, it has been shown that there will be a considerably longer time to asphalt processing. Surprisingly, it has been shown that the processing of such asphalt is possible at lower temperatures than previously. In addition to the viscosity reduction already described, this phenomenon is attributed to the ability of paraffin to store latent heat. Heat is released at the paraffin phase transition temperature without being associated with a temperature drop.

The invention further relates to a pavement covering which comprises a lower sand / gravel layer on which a bituminous backing layer, an asphalt binding layer and an upper asphalt concrete layer, generally referred to as an asphalt covering layer, is arranged. The invention, in relation to such a road cover, addresses the technical problem of achieving a higher strength, in particular a higher resistance to deformation.

In particular, the problem is solved in that the bitumen of the asphalt covering layer and / or the bitumen carrier layer comprises a proportion of paraffins obtained by the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FT-paraffins). It is preferred that the proportion of FT-paraffins is 0.5 to 10%, preferably 1.5 to 7.5% by weight. Here too, however, it may be based on% by volume.

Although this is not always considered to be necessary, it is also within the scope of the invention that, as already mentioned, the topcoat, i.e. the asphalt topcoat, is modified by the addition of paraffin. In fact, it has even been shown that the addition of 1 to 3% FT-paraffins to the asphalt topcoat makes it possible to achieve a higher

due to the possibility of higher compaction. The new findings even show that the addition of FT-paraffins to the asphalt covering layer is the most important with respect to the individual layers of the road cover.

In this context, these are FT-paraffins with a melting point (freezing point) in the range of about 68 to 105 ° C and a carbon chain length of C30 to C100 or even C105. In this case too, the above-mentioned outlets apply analogously, in particular also with regard to oxidized paraffins.

The invention also relates to a method of forming a pavement in order to achieve a higher strength of the pavement.

According to the invention, it is proposed in this regard that bitumen with a proportion of FT-paraffins is added to the bituminous support layer and / or the asphalt binding layer and / or the asphalt covering layer for road construction, the proportion of FT paraffins relative to the bitumen content being 0. 5 to 10%, preferably 2.5 to 7.5%, in particular 4 to 5%. The FT-paraffins are preferably added to the liquid bitumen or asphalt in solid or liquid form. It is preferred that these FT-paraffins be added in the form of granules, powder, flakes or tablets. In the case of flakes, the material is in the form of flakes. It is further preferred that FT-paraffins are added to bitumen or asphalt at a bitumen temperature of about 160-170 ° C.

Fillers such as stone, gravel or crushed stone are then added to the modified bitumen.

As a whole, such bitumen has been shown to have a higher softening point at lower penetration. The penetration is even somewhat lower than expected. No separation of fillers was found. It is also advantageous that such modified bitumen can be used without loss of properties.

- 8 longer storage. Compared to conventional bitumens, the bitumen thus modified has a higher adhesion to the filler at approximately the same refractive point. Corresponding improvements are, as already mentioned, achieved with an asphalt mixture containing such bitumen. Surprisingly, the low temperature behavior does not deteriorate since it is largely due to the base bitumen used.

The present invention also provides a method of forming a pavement using a proportion of old asphalt from the removed old pavement surface and a proportion of new asphalt, wherein the old asphalt is first heated to a temperature lower than the temperature of the new asphalt and the old asphalt and new asphalt are then mixed together. According to the invention, it is proposed in this regard that FT-paraffin is added to the new asphalt or possibly to the old asphalt. In this way, surprisingly, better integration of the old asphalt is achieved, which is only heated to such an extent that it does not become liquid. The liquefaction and mixing of old asphalt with new asphalt occurs mainly after the addition of new asphalt due to the substantially higher temperature of the new asphalt. Due to the addition of FT-paraffin to the new asphalt, the new asphalt achieves a higher flowability and thus more uniform mixing with the old asphalt and a faster integration of the old asphalt at an appropriate temperature. The FT-paraffins are added in an amount of 0.1 to 0.5%, in the present example, in an amount of about 0.25%, based on the amount of new asphalt used. Again, this is preferably a weight%.

Examples

Example 1:

A bitumen for road construction B 100 with 2.5, 5 and 7.5 was produced

• 44 44 • 4 4 4 * • 4 4 4 4 • 4 4 4 4 4 • · · · • 4 44 44% vol. FT-paraffins. These FT-paraffins were mixed into bitumen with a wing stirrer at a temperature of 160 ° C.

The following values were obtained:

· Β β β β β β * * * * * * * * * í í í í í í í í

o \ o H Lf) M-1 q in (0 Ή Cl q + f0 O φ O O (X "to. at «% O 1 t — 1 > 1 O O i — 1 H O 1—1 1—1 i — 1 PQ t-l i — 1 tn 1 r — 1

tí

H

H M-1 q o \ ° (0 • H Lf) q q + (0 ω O O 1 ΙΓ) at TO O "TO > 1 CM 10 i — 1 E-i i — 1 , —1 TO m th cn Cn 1 i — 1

I o

whose

Even those

o \ O • H ΙΌ rq (0 CN q + rO O O (X ΙΌ (0 O 1 IN b what LD i — 1 H If) O Γ i — 1 PQ t r- > LD 1 i — 1

o o

rH

CQ

Lf) 05

Ό

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Lf)

Lf)

> 1 tí tí -q Ή O r — 1 > Φ O q tí q t — 1 b and N φ • υ <ϋ '(0 · § O O • | —1 o Λί i — 1 O 0

• Γ-Ι Ή > q IN) -P 0. it q r0 q φ rO and: at q q '(0 > φ (0 G t b G q O υ N -P O 1 — 1 Φ • H ω 0 i — 1 G b q b b q O ω Lf) O O φ b and CN b d -P

stability φ φ »» φ φ · · φ φ φ

XJ υ

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ο a

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>

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ο ° «· · φ φ φ φ · · · · φ φ>>>

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• Φ Φ Φ • Φ ΦΦ

ο ο ο ο ο ο ο ο ο ο ο ο ι — 1 t — 1 1—1 i — 4 ι — 1 γΗ

m m cn σ ο \ ° ο \ ° ο

ο m, —I ΟΊ ο m σ οο ο \ ° of ο \ ° ο \ ο

W ο υ -β β β β β + J β β β β t> -Ρ AT • Η • Η + J ♦ Η • Η Ή • Η • Η Ή • Η ίθ -Η Φ Ό Ό • Η τ) Ό ι-1 τ) Ό -Ρ Ό τ5 G G β Ο Ο β ο Ο β ο Ο * Η Ο ο Γ ”| 0 φ b Π ο £ Λ β 4β 4β £ Λ Λ Η Γ — ι and 1-1 (0 ίΰ ο oj 00 ο οο β Μ * 00 Μ 00 Ό > CN ςτ Ό CN βη CN φ CN 'G'

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ο \ ° at- O ο \ ° ο \ ο § ο \ ο • Η 4-> what W what -Η 0 1 Ή β > Ρ β Η Honor + J Η fa fa fa φ 4-) Ο Γ- β θ ' Ο fa fa ι — 1 Ο fa ΟΟ β β fa fa fa φ τ) Φ Η Honor fa -Η Η Ή υ ο υ fa fa Q > Φ fa fa β >! Ή > 1 β fa Ή β β Φ 4-> β 4-) ρ β ρ β Φ WITH Ν φ ι — 1 Φ > ω ο 0) Ο 4-1 υ Η φ 4-> β ί — 1 H ι — 1 Φ ι — 1 β β > ω β ω 0 Ο > Ν Φ > Φ τ) ω τί Ό tn Ό φ Ό '> 1 Ό β fa Ή β β ο ο ο β Ο β Ο > Ο φ Lf) Η β Φ Ν fa fa fa fa fa Ν fa! Ν fa fa Honor fa W fa

• · · · ·

- 13 The following should be explained:

The softening point was determined by the Ring and Kugel method according to the Austrian standard (ÓNORM) C9214. The penetration was determined according to ÓNORM C9214. The FraasS breakpoint was determined according to ÓNORM C9213. Thermal stability according to TL-Pmb, Volume 1 (1991) was measured at + 180 ° C for 72 hours. Adhesion was tested according to ÓNORM B 3682 for the following aggregates:

EBK 8/11 dolomitic limestone (Bad Deutsch Altenburg); Dolomite EBK8 / 11 (Gaaden); EBK 8/11 Granulite (Meiding); EBK 8/11 Granite (Niederschrems).

The Rolling Thin Film Oven test was performed according to ASTM D 2872 at 163 ° C and the change in softening point was determined by Ring and Kugel and the change in penetration at 25 ° C.

The results show that the addition of FT-paraffin leads to an increase in the softening point and a decrease in penetration. Adhesion to additives of various grain sizes (0-32), such as granite, granulite or dolomitic limestone, was improved by the addition of FT-paraffin.

The added FT-paraffin was FT-paraffin with the usual chain length distribution obtained by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, with a maximum at C40 to about C60.

Example 2:

A pavement cover consisting of a covering layer and an asphalt bonding layer was produced. The bituminous layer contained, based on bitumen, 2 to 3% of the usual chain-length FT-paraffins as obtained by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.

• · * · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·

There was a noticeable increase in the possible compacting time of the bitumen carrier layer from the hitherto usual 0.5 hour to more than 2 hours due to the improved creep due to the addition of FTparaffins. Processing was possible even at outdoor temperatures below 3 ° C. The degree of compaction of the bitumen carrier layer and the cover layer also increased. For example, up to now, 97% compaction rates are common. A compaction level of more than 100% was achieved. Substantial increases in resistance and considerable suppression of the tendency to form ruts have been achieved.

Example 3:

Cast bitumen with a bitumen content of 7.5% was produced. FT-paraffins were added to the bitumen in an amount of 5% based on the weight of bitumen. The usual working temperature (stirring temperature) was reduced from 250 to 220 ° C. Despite the lower processing temperature, the addition of FT-paraffins improved the flowability, resulting in a longer pot life of the cast asphalt. It is also possible to detect a noticeable reduction in the emission values of the asphalt application due to the lowering of the temperature. As a whole, the treatment achieved a greater area coverage per unit time, as more asphalt could be processed without worrying about dropping below the minimum processing temperature required.

Example 4:

The formation of ruts on asphalt with grit and mastic 0/11 S, B 65 was measured. The designation 0/11 here means grit of grit in the range of 0 to 11 mm. The results shown in the following table, bitumen (wt.%), Were obtained.

The content of FT-paraffins is related to the product used.

- 15 · · · · · · · · · ·

content FT- Track depth (mm) 20.000 paraffins,% Deň: 32 ° C Deň: 32 ° C 0 3, 0 5.7 2 1.5 2.7 3 1,2 2.2

Example 5:

Comparative experiments with bitumen B80 with the addition of 0, 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 wt. FT-paraffins based on the original B80 binder. The results are given in the following table.

content of FT-paraffins in wt.

binder

B80 + 0 B80 + 1.5 B80 + 3.0 B80 + 4.5

softening point RuK ° C 48 52 76 96 penetration l / 10mm 71 48 37 42 breaking point by Fraass ° C '-7,5  -7.5 -6, 5 -7.5 ash content% 0.18 0.16 0.15 0.19

ductility, 25 ° C cm> 100> 100> 100 • ·

density

25 ° C, g / cm ³ 1,0228 1,0233 1,214 1,216 after thermal stress in rotating piston, 165 ° C weight change% -0, 05 0, 05 0.1 0.2 RuK softening point ° C increase 3.5 9.5 5.5 0, 5 decrease in penetration O, Ό -25, 4 -24.6 -16, 2 -21.4 ductility 25 [deg.] C. cm > 100 > 100 90 > 100 viscosity Mp 110 ° C 2300 2119 1713 1593 130 [deg.] C 750 600 50, 4 480 Mp 180 ° C 95 72 74 64 EVT 100 ° C 178 ° C 170 [deg.] C Mp 166 ° C 165 [deg.] C

Example 6:

Further experiments were performed with B45, B65 and B80, each with 4 or% FT-paraffin, again in% -hmdtn, relative to the starting binder.

In addition, corresponding values were found for comparison

- 17 for polymer modified bitumen (PmB45A) and B45 bitumen with 30% wt. trinidad asphalt. The results are shown in the following table.

Ή c

'05

0 Ρ φ Φ > sr ra φ AND AND 1 ο 1 1 1 1 1 1 Γ— ι ι ω 1 1 1 O 1 vr i 1 1 1 1 i — 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 CM 1 i sr i i > 1 1 AND AND AND 1 1 4-> 1 1 1 AND 1 1 • Η 1 1 1 AND 1 1 Ψ4 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ή 4-1 Ή β • 1 AND 1 1 1 1 υ ω Ρ φ Ρ 1 AND 1 1 1 1 • Η ° Ρ 'φ Ρ φ 1 1 1 1 1 1 4-> Ρ Ρ φ and 1 1 1 1 1 1 φ 'Φ > β 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Φ Ρ ο Ρ Η 1 1 1 1 1 1 ι — I Ρ 4-1 t 1 1 1 1 1 1 and φ • Η 1 1 1 1 1 1 λ Ν 1 1 1 1 1 1 .Η φ φ ο \ ο 1 1 what I — 1 1 1 σ 1 O 1 + J ί> φ Λ 1 ι 1 Γ0 sr 1 1 1 LO 1 1 1 > Φ 1 1 1 1 1 1 Λ 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ν 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ο 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ρ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LO 1 1 ___ 1 Lf) 1 Lf) Lí ~) 1 1 1 in 1 Lf) ο 1 κ 1 1 1 O 1 O 1 Η 0 1 ο 1 r ~~ σ> 1 σ 1 O 1 1—1 1 LO <3 1 1 1 Γ— 1 1 1 σ σ 1 1 1 LO 1 1 1 i — 1 1 1 1 r — 1 1 1 1 Lf) ω 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 φ 1 1 1 1 1 (0 1 1 1 1 1 Ρ Ρ 1 1 1 1 1 1 β t 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ο 1 1 1 1 1 1 1—1 φ 1 1 1 1 1 1 ι — 1 '_ 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ό Ό ο 1 CM 1 O 1 1 1 1 i — 1 Ο Ο ο 1 ι — 1 1 1—1 ιο 1 C0 1 σ 1 r- 1 i — 1 Λ CU 1 AND 1 1 AND 1 ι 1 AND 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ω 1 1 1 1 1 1 υ 1 1 1 1 1 1 (0 .—. 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ρ Ρ β 1 1 1 1 1 1 4-1 Ο § 1 1 1 1 1 1 ω 1 — 1 ι — 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ρ Λ ν 1 1 1 1 1 1 φ φ Ο 1 η 1 m i — 1 1 00 1 Lf) 1 LO 1 what and ΓΊ 1 1 m 1 1 AND CD CM 1 1 | 1 1 1 CM 1 1 AND <N 1 1 AND 00 Ή 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4-1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ρ 1 1 and 1 1 1 Ρ 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ρί 1 1 1 1 1 1 > Φ 1 1 1 1 1 1 β 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ν 1 1 LO 1 1 lf) tf) 1 1 ο 1 1 O 1 1 LO 1 1 Lf) τ) ο 1 1 > *. 1 «Κ 1 *. 1 1 with. ο 0 1  00 1 Γ- ω 1 τΉ 1 no. 1 1 n 1 lf) Λ - ' 1 1 Lf) 1 AND ΟΟ σ 1 1 lf) 1 1 σ 1 J σ 1 AND 1 1 1 , 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 P Ρ 1 1 P 1 P 1 1 1 Φ Φ 1 1 Φ 1 φ 1 1 AND 1 and AND 1 | 1 and AND 1 AND cu 1 1 AND 1 1 1 ΕΗ 1 1 1 1 H 1 1 1 H and 1 1 AND 1 1 Cm th 1 AND 1 ÍM 1 AND Cm 1 AND 1 AND and o \ o ο \ ° 1 1 1 o \ o 1 1 o \ o 1 1 1 1 LO 1 1 1 LO 1 1 1 + + 1 1 + 1 + 1 1 Lf) 1 LO tf) 1 Lf) 1 LO 1 LO 1 O 1 1 šT 1 LO 1 LO 1 LO 1 00 1 ra 1 ω ra 1 ra 1 ω 1 CQ 1 ra

• 9

9

9

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AND

Ο I LO Ό I SP

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LC 1 ο 1 ο ι ο WITH. 1 · «. 1 ι * · » η 1 Ο) · 1 00 ι • ιη 00 1 1 1 σ 1 1 1 ιη ι 1 ι m Μ 1 Μ 1 ι τ! ίϋ 1 (0 1 ι <ΰ Λ 1 and 1 ι Ό ι 1 AND 1 AND -Η Η AND Εη 1 1 β Ů4 AND 1 and 1 1 1 1 Ή β ο \ ° 1 0 ° 1 1 Η 1 ΙΟ 1 m 1 + 1 + 1 1 + Ο 1 Ο 1 ρη 1 m 00 1 00 1 G 1 ΊΤ PQ 1 CQ 1 σ 1 CQ

In principle, the following general knowledge has been obtained.

FT-paraffin can be homogeneously mixed into bitumen at 150 ° C. The transition from solid to liquid, defined by the softening point of RuK, is greatly increased by the added FT-paraffin. If the softening points of the starting bitumen lie between 50 and 60 ° C, the additive will increase by 4% -wt. FT-paraffin at 85-95 ° C. In comparison, penetration decreases only to a lesser extent. The viscosity is increased by two degrees of binder (from B80 to B45). The low temperature behavior is only slightly changed when testing the FraaB refraction point and is shifted by a maximum of one degree of binder.

This implies a considerable increase in the plasticity range. Furthermore, it can be seen that the changes are the more pronounced the softer the starting binder has been chosen.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The principle of the invention, in particular with regard to the construction of the pavement cover, will be further elucidated by means of exemplary embodiments thereof, which are described on the basis of the attached drawings, which schematically show:

1 shows a schematic cross-section through a road cover; FIG.

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the production of asphalt;

FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross-section of a further road cover;

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the construction of a road cover made of a mixture of old and new asphalt.

• β · ftft

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

FIG. 1 shows a road cover 1 consisting of an upper asphalt-concrete layer, also referred to as an asphalt covering layer 2, a central bitumen carrier layer 3 and a lower frost protection layer 4. This frost protection layer 4 consists of a mixture of sand and gravel and has a height h1 of approximately 40 cm. Above it, the bituminous support layer 3 has a height h2 of 6 to 20 cm and the asphalt covering layer 2 has a height h3 of approximately 2 to 4 cm.

The bitumen carrier layer 3 is made of bitumen which contains approximately 5% by weight. FT-paraffins. FT-paraffin has a melting point of about 100 ° C and is obtained by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.

The bituminous carrier layer 3 with said composition has a significantly higher resistance. Since the resistance of the bitumen carrier layer 3 determines the deformation of the road cover 1, in particular the formation of tracks, a considerably longer service life is achieved as a whole.

FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a vessel 5 for producing a composition for a bitumen carrier layer 3. The vessel 5 may be heated by a heating device 6.

Additives such as gravel and sand 10 or other aggregates of different grain size, bitumen 11 and FT-paraffins are added to the container 5 via hoppers 7, 8 and 9. 12 '. These components are mixed with one another by means of a schematically represented stirrer, which consists of shafts 13, 14 opposed to one another.

C.

• * * «« «00 00 00 00 00 00 00

9

- 22 The mixture consists of approximately 95% aggregate and 5% bitumen. It also contains 5% FT-paraffin based on 5% bitumen.

Instead of the term FT-paraffin, the term hard wax or hard paraffin is also used. In the context of the invention, the starting material is paraffin obtained by the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, also referred to as macrocrystalline paraffin. They are preferably long chain hydrocarbons having lengths in the range of C30 to C80, C90 or C100.

FIG. 3 shows a pavement cover 13 consisting of an asphalt covering layer 2, an asphalt bonding layer 14 underneath, a bitumen carrier layer 3 and a lower frost protection layer 4.

While the asphalt covering layer 2, the bitumen carrier layer 3 and the frost protection layer 4 have the structure already described in connection with FIG. 1, the asphalt binding layer 14 has a height h4 of 4-8 cm.

Fig. 4 schematically shows the removal of the old pavement surface 18, in which the old asphalt 15 is obtained, and the formation of a new pavement surface 16 with a proportion of new asphalt 17 and old asphalt 15.

The old road surface 18 is first heated, in the illustrated embodiment of the burner flames 19. The apparatus comprises further vessels 20, 21 in which a new asphalt 17 is prepared. This new asphalt 17 typically has a temperature in the range of 200 to 250 ° C.

The heating of the old road surface 18 can also be carried out by the waste heat from the heating of the new asphalt 17.

♦ 99

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9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9999 99 99

The old pavement surface 18 is then removed with a milling cutter 22, thereby obtaining fragments of the old asphalt 15. The old asphalt 15 is fed to the mixer 23, into which the new asphalt 17 is also introduced. device 23.

FT-paraffin is then added, either to the new asphalt 17 in the vessel 20 or by means of the actual dosing device 24, which flows into the mixing device 23. A new pavement surface 16 is then formed from the resulting asphalt 25 on the substrate.

The features of the invention apparent from the foregoing description, drawings and claims may be relevant to the practice of the invention both individually and in any combination. All the features described are essential to the invention. It is also within the scope of the invention that the contents of the relevant priority application be fully embodied.

Claims (15)

PATENT CLAIMS Bitumen of paraffin) or asphalt obtained for forming a pavement (1, 13), characterized in that it contains a fraction of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTBitumen according to claim 1 or is 0.5 to 10%). in particular according to this claim, in that the proportion of FT-paraffin Bitumen according to one or more of the preceding claims or particularly according to these claims, characterized in that the FT-paraffin has a melting point (freezing point) in the range of approximately 68 to 105 ° C. Bitumen according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according to these claims, characterized in that the FT-paraffin is at least partially composed of oxidized FT-paraffin. A pavement cover (1) comprising a lower sand / gravel layer (4) on which a bitumen-bearing support layer (3) and an upper asphalt-concrete or cover layer (2) is arranged, characterized in that the bitumen or bitumen the carrier layer (3) contains a proportion of paraffin obtained by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FT-paraffin). - Road cover (1) according to claim 5 or particularly according to this claim, characterized in that the fraction of FTparaffin is 0.5 to 10%, based on bitumen. Road cover (1) according to one of the preceding claims 5 to 10 6 or in particular according to these claims, characterized in that the cover layer (2) contains a proportion of FTparaffin. Roadway cover (1) according to one of the preceding claims 5 to 6 or in particular according to these claims, wherein the roadway cover (1) comprises a binding layer (14), characterized in that the binding layer (14) contains a proportion of FT-paraffin . Road cover (1) according to one of the preceding claims 5 to 10 8 or in particular according to these claims, characterized in that the proportion of FT-paraffin in the coating is 0.5 to 10%, based on bitumen. Road cover (1) according to one of the preceding claims 5 to 10 9 or particularly according to these claims, characterized in that the FT-paraffin has a melting point (freezing point) in the range of approximately 68 to 105 ° C. Roadway cover (1) according to one of the preceding claims 5 to 10 or in particular according to these claims, characterized in that the FT-paraffin is at least partly composed of oxidized FT-paraffin. - spare part • · * ♦ 9 9 9 9 9 · 9 - 26 9 · · · 9 · · · · · · · · · · 9 9 · · 99 99 Method for forming a pavement (1), characterized in that to form a bituminous support layer (3) for road construction, the paraffin obtained by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTparafin) is added to the bitumen-containing bitumen, the proportion of FT-paraffin based on % to the bitumen content is 0.5 to 10%, preferably 2.5 to 7.5%, based on the bitumen. Method according to claim 12, or in particular according to this claim, characterized in that FT-paraffin is added to the bitumen-containing bitumen in an amount of 0.5 to 5%, based on bitumen, to form the road construction covering layer (2). Method according to either of claims 12 or 13, wherein the pavement comprises a bonding layer (14), characterized in that FTparafin is added to the bitumen-containing bitumen in an amount of 0.5 to 5% to form the bonding layer (14) for road construction. based on bitumen. 15 Dec Way according to any from claims 12 to 14 or in particular according to these claims learning with e t that FT- paraffin to liquid bitumen adds in firmly form. 16. Way according to any from claims 12 to 15 Dec or in particular according to these claims, including: learning with e t that FT- paraffin is added in granulate, powder, or tablets or in liquid form. - spare side A method according to any one of claims 12 to 16, or in particular according to these claims, characterized in that the FT paraffin is at least partially composed of oxidized FT-paraffin. 18. Use of mastic asphalt with the addition of FT-paraffin for paved surfaces, bridge and mastic covers and asphalt layers of all kinds. A method of forming a pavement using a proportion of old asphalt (15) from a removed old pavement (18) and a proportion of new asphalt (17, 17 '), wherein the old asphalt (15) is first heated to a temperature lower than the temperature of the new asphalt (17, 17 ') and the old asphalt (15) and the new asphalt (17, 17') are then mixed together, characterized by adding to the new asphalt (17, 17 ') or possibly to the old asphalt (15) FT-Paraffin. Method according to claim 19 or in particular according to this claim, characterized in that the FT-paraffin is added in an amount of 0.1 to 0.5%, based on the amount of new asphalt (17, 17 ') used.