CZ20001381A3 - Axle arrangement, particularly of road vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The invented road vehicle axle comprises an axle beam that is coupled at its both ends with axle wheels and is spring-loaded relative to a vehicle frame, whereby the axle wheels (3) are coupled with each other through the mediation of at least one axle beam (2) via a bottom mount (7) and with the vehicle frame via an upper mount (8) forming a part of a springing unit (5).

Description

(57)

The axle comprises an axle which is coupled at both ends to the axle wheels and is suspended relative to the vehicle frame, the axle wheels (3) being connected to each other via at least one axle (2) via the lower bearing (7) and the vehicle frame via the upper bearing ( 8) forming part of the spring unit (5).

CZ 2000 -1381 A3

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Axle arrangement, especially road vehicles

Technical field

The invention relates to an axle arrangement, in particular a road vehicle, with an axle which is connected at both ends to the axle wheels and is suspended with respect to the vehicle frame.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In the fixed axles of road vehicles, the wheels are supported by a axle transverse to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. The axle is sprung with respect to the vehicle frame by means of springs and, if necessary, laterally stabilized by means of additional struts. The vehicle axle is arranged on the vehicle frame above the axle, and the articulated drive shafts projecting therefrom are connected to the vehicle wheels. The disadvantage of this arrangement is the relatively low ground clearance of the vehicle, given the height of the horizontal axle above the ground. The increase in vehicle clearance is achieved by arranging the reducers in the wheels, which, however, increases the manufacturing cost of the entire axle.

There is a similar arrangement for axles, where the axle is arranged in the axle, with this arrangement reducing the ground clearance of the vehicle, while another disadvantage is the increase in unsprung masses.

For axles with independently suspended wheels, used especially for road traffic and providing better driving characteristics of the vehicle, the wheels are suspended by the lower and upper swingarms and by attaching the wheel to the suspension unit. This suspension is replaced by a McPherson suspension where the wheel is pivotally mounted to the lower arm and to a combined suspension and cushioning unit which is pivotally arranged relative to the frame at its top.

- 2 vehicles to ensure the original function of the upper swingarm. When operating a vehicle with independently suspended wheels in the terrain, their throughput is greatly limited by the relatively small wheel oscillation given by the length of the swingarms, while both axles swing upwards significantly reducing the ground clearance of the vehicle and hence low terrain clearance. Independent wheel suspension is also provided for off-road trucks with frequent road traffic, but with the disadvantage of limited off-road clearance due to the length of the swing arms.

The object of the invention is to provide an axle arrangement which achieves a comparable ground clearance of the vehicle as it travels off-road as with fixed axles, while at the same time maintaining the favorable driving characteristics of vehicles with independently suspended wheels at a low proportion of unsprung masses.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The principle of the axle arrangement according to the invention is that the axle wheels are connected to each other by means of at least one axle via the lower bearing and to the vehicle frame via the upper bearing forming part of the spring unit.

The advantage of such an axle is that it is possible to increase the ground clearance of the vehicle to the level of the portal axle, substantially reducing the unsprung masses, while achieving low production costs.

The axle wheels can be connected to the axle by means of longitudinal arms.

The lower bearing between the wheels and the axle is spherical or journal.

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Likewise, the upper bearing is spherical or pivot.

The axle wheels are connected to a spring unit consisting of a coil spring with a shock absorber.

The axle of one axle is two, one is arranged in front of the suspension unit and the other is located behind the suspension unit of the wheels.

Overview of the drawings

An example of an axle arrangement according to the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a part of the axle in an axionometric view, Figs. 2 and 3 show schematically another alternative embodiment of the axle when viewed in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle; 3 with the wheels in two parallel planes, FIG. 4 shows schematically another alternative embodiment of the axle and FIGS. 5 to 8 show schematically another alternative embodiment of part of the axle in a side view.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In Fig. 1, the wheel 3 is mounted in the hub of the pivot body 4.

The rod 4 is attached to the axle 2 by means of the lower bearing 7 and at the same time forms part of the spring / or /

a damping unit, hereinafter referred to as a damping unit 5, which may be a McPherson-type unit or the damper itself, the spring being located outside the damper and the like. The spring unit 5 is then mounted in the vehicle frame, which may be represented by the vehicle body, through the upper bearing 8. The spring unit 5 may be combined with another spring element, eg a torsion bar, air spring, hydraulic spring or in combination of a plurality of spring elements.

In the present case, the bearings 7,8 are ball joints which allow the steering of the axle wheels. The lower bearing 7 is connected to the axle 2. The axle 2 extends transversely to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle and its opposite end is connected to. by lowering the opposite axle wheel. The transverse guiding of the axle 2 is secured by the transverse guiding 6, eg by a Panhard rod.

2 shows an alternative arrangement of the axle with the uncontrolled wheels, where the connection of the axle 2 to the wheels is pin-type. The axle 2 can serve to accommodate the drive assembly 9. Fig. 3 shows the same axle according to Fig. 2, with one side of the vehicle with wheel 3 lying on a plane different from the plane on which the other side of the vehicle is lying with transversely opposite wheel 3 of the axle. .

FIG. 4 shows essentially the axle of FIG. 2, with the axle 2 being connected to two transverse guides 6, the other ends of which are mounted to the frame by a rocker 12 mounted on the axle 2. The rocker can optionally be supported on the drive assembly. 9 (not shown) where the transverse guides are then mounted on their axle 2 with their outer ends.

In FIG. 5, the longitudinal guidance of the axle box 2 by means of the longitudinal arms 11. The longitudinal arm 11 is thus received in one frame in the vehicle frame and the other in the axle 2. In FIG. the axle 2 is connected to two longitudinal arms 11.

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It is also possible to see the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, wherein the longitudinal arm 11 is supported by its one end in the frame and the other end in the lower housing 7 of the carcass 4, the axle 2 being connected indirectly to the lower housing 7 of the carcass 4. 11.

It is also possible to design with two axles 2, as shown in FIG. 8, one of which is guided in front of the suspension unit 5 and the other behind the suspension unit 5, in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.

It is also possible within the scope of the invention to have two axle beams, each axle being sprung by an additional spring element (not shown).

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PATENT CLAIMS

Claims (9)

Arrangement of an axle, in particular a road vehicle, with a axle which is coupled at both ends to the axle wheels and is suspended with respect to the vehicle frame, characterized in that the axle wheels (3) are connected to each other by at least one axle (2) « the support (7) and with the vehicle frame through the upper support (8) forming part of the suspension unit (5). Axle arrangement according to Claim 1, characterized in that the axle wheels (3) are connected to the axle (2) via the longitudinal arms (11). Axle arrangement according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the lower bearing (7) between the wheels (3) and the axle (2) is spherical. Axle arrangement according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the lower bearing (7) between the wheels (3) and the axle (2) is pin-shaped. Axle arrangement according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the upper bearing (8) is spherical. 6. Axle arrangement according to items 1 and 2, the upper bearing (8) is pivoted. characterized by: 7. The axle arrangement according to the spring unit is (5) is points 1 to 6, characterized by a helical spring with a damper. Axle arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the first axle (2) is arranged in front of the suspension unit (5) and the second axle (2) is arranged by a suspension unit (5) of the wheels (3). ···· 'fyiX 91 1 11 11 9 9 9 9 19 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 · · · · · · · · 9 9 9 9 9 9 99 99 99 2 <N 4 x • 0 · · 2S> / x 0 «0 cu PQ □ xC ···· ýD '/ f es 999 9 98 9 9 Nu _{G c} 0 ·· • 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 • 0 0 00 0 » 0 9 9 0 0 0 «0 0 0 0 0 · 0 0 0 V 0 LQ □ m m □ Í & ýo i) 999