CZ17348U1 - Device for filtering atmospheric air when supplying it from outdoor polluted environment through windows into building internal spaces - Google Patents

Description

Technical field

The present invention relates to an additional filtering device installed in the peripheral element of buildings with 5 frames anchored in the building and to the frame of the opening part of the panels, especially of windows, window wings and the method of its attachment to the frame firmly anchored to the building and the movable frame of the window or sash using exhaust fans mainly of kitchens, and social facilities as resources to provide the necessary airflow.

Background Art

The prior art solves the filtration of air supplied to the interior of buildings in air handling units, in which most of the air is otherwise treated (heating, cooling, or wetting). Recently, ventilation units have also been installed which are equipped with a heat recovery heat recovery device. The units are equipped with their own fans by means of which the air of the ducts is transported and through the outlets into the decent rooms. Most ventilation units and ventilation systems use atmospheric air filtration both to protect the indoor air from contamination and to prevent heat exchanger clogging in units. Filtration is generally addressed in special operations such as the pharmaceutical industry, the electrical industry and various other technologies that have prescribed air purity requirements. In normal rooms, where air ventilation is provided by windows, it is no longer very concerned with the filtration of the outside air. In the case of common areas such as a flat in a dwelling house, family house or. Common working spaces (offices, workshops, warehouses ..) are no longer considered in the absence of machine ventilation (air handling units). So in the case of polluted outside air, in normal rooms that are not equipped with forced machine ventilation, this contaminated air is used to ventilate the space - through infiltration through windows or open windows. Some people have recirculated air filtration units (available from many vendors) for air purification, but they purify the air inside the interior to reduce filtration efficiency as contaminated outside air is also injected into the interior. It is therefore not possible with these devices to simultaneously supply fresh fresh air, the amount of which is given by the hygienic dose. Outside air pollution is variable and dependent on meteorological conditions. However, we can say that there are locations where outdoor air filtration is currently very desirable. Areas where dust concentrations exceed the respective limit levels represent almost 6.5% of our country's territory and there are more than 23% of our population. Removing air from dust particles has a significant impact on human health in polluted areas, as many harmful substances that can enter the body by breathing are deposited on dust particles. The filtration of the outside air is also positive in terms of the ever-increasing number of allergic people. If very fine filters are used, pollen grains, bacteria, viruses, mites and smog can be separated from the air with high efficiency. Fine filters, however, have a higher pressure loss, are more expensive and become clogged quickly in the absence of a suitable prefilter.

The essence of the technical solution

The essence of the solution lies in the use of the filter material or the filter substance and its (its) attachment between the frame of the window anchored firmly in the building and the openable frame of the window. the sash to form a filter area in the space between the fixed window frame or the window frame. window sash and opening window frame, respectively. window sash. The filter material may be a single web of adequate width, which may not be constant and will be fixed so that it is functional when the window (s) is closed, even when the window is ajar, in newer window types even in the so-called micro-ventilation. The filter material must be installed around the entire perimeter of the window. window sash so that the air has no other possibility of flowing from outside to inside through window than

- 1 CZ 17348 Ul through filter material. In the event that the filter material is installed only in a part of the window, eg in the upper horizontal section, it would be necessary to seal the remaining space between the frames in a different way, eg with an airtight cloth or foil. An essential part of the application of this solution is to create a slight vacuum in the interior compared to the outdoor environment. This underpressure can easily be provided in a normal apartment with small exhaust fans located in the kitchen. WC and bathroom. The fans should be able to accommodate the required fresh air demand and should be equipped with speed controllers and timers with programming capability so that it is possible to ventilate as needed. With a filter width of eg 25 cm and a window circumference of 4 m (4 x lm), the filtration area is 1 m ² . For an airflow of 100 m ³ / h (hygienic dose for 2 people in the workplace) with a 1 m ² filter area, a pressure difference of 1-5 Pa will be sufficient for most suitable filter materials, this necessary pressure difference can normally be provided by small exhaust fans. It is necessary to ensure the possibility of air flow between the ventilated areas towards the exhaust fans, for example through the ventilation openings in the door (ventilation grilles best with the possibility to adjust the hole size). the gap between the floor and the lower horizontal edge of the door should be wide enough. If the room is equipped with two or more independently opening windows, it is advantageous to use one window for the installation of filter material (by default the functional filter will not be able to use this window for quick ventilation will not be possible to fully open the filter without deinstallation of the filter material) and the other without modification however, in order to be able to ventilate if the outside air is clean, eg after rain, it is necessary to ensure that it is almost airtight closure (sealing with rubber profiles). It is advisable to perform sealing also on entrance doors, which are often very tight. In the case of leaking entrance doors, the air would partially flow through the leaks in them instead of the filters installed in the windows. By applying this solution and correctly designing the air outlet, all rooms will be properly ventilated with fresh air evenly throughout the year. However, it is not possible to provide room ventilation only by infiltrating the air through the window when the exhaust fans are off. However, the power consumption of the exhaust fans in the attenuation mode corresponding to the current infiltration through the closed windows (eg without a temporary stay of persons) will be very low.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method of attaching a filter medium in the form of a filter medium or a filter material to an existing fixed window frame or window sash and a movable window or sash frame. The filter material can be attached with a self-adhesive Velcro (frame mounting) or sewn Velcro fastener (mounted on the filter material) attached to the perimeter of the existing frame and attached (eg sewn) around the perimeter of the newly installed filter material. This way of fastening enables easy and quick assembly and disassembly of the filter material. its seasonal installation eg in the case of pollen filter. In the case of replacement of the filter material, it would no longer be necessary to install the self-adhesive Velcro on the frames - leaving the original. It is possible to use a suitable transparent self-adhesive tape instead of Velcro. The attachment of the filter material can also be carried out in other ways, for example by a pressure strip or a frame mechanically attached to the window frames all the way round - the filter material would clamp between the strip or the strip. new frame and existing window frame with screws or other clamping mechanism. Filtering material, glass fiber filter media, synthetic fiber filter media and other suitable filter materials can be used as the filter material. With regard to the large size of the filter area and the relatively small amount of air supplied, only a small amount of energy is needed to ensure air flow through the filter. Therefore, it is also possible to use filtration materials of higher separation - characterized by higher pressure loss without worrying about high demands on exhaust fans (installation of filtration materials of filtration class according to EN 779 EU5 or higher = better). In order to achieve a greater filtration effect, the filter material can be installed in several layers in the direction of the interior with a higher degree of filtration (separation). directly a layered filter composed of several successive layers. This will prevent rapid clogging of the more efficient filter, and at the same time, the finer particles that are more dangerous to the human body - not trapped in the upper respiratory tract and coughing up, but penetrating deep into the respiratory tract, and combining various pollutants including

-2 CZ 17348 Ul carcinogenic substances. For example, a combination of 1, a filter class of filtration class EU4 to EU5 ± 2 layer of filter class EU7 to EU9 is suitable.

This system can be applied to new plastic or wooden windows as well as to wooden double-glazed windows and wooden double windows. It is expected to install filters especially for windows or window sashes allowing tilting - around the horizontal "bottom edge" of the window (for double windows called ventilation, fan, etc.). The windows should be equipped with a fixed opening or opening position. preferably open in several stages. In the case of the application of this solution in double-walled windows, which have particularly openable wings of the lower part and the upper part of the window (common are two-wing windows in the lower part of the window and one wing in the upper part, which is often tilted around its lower horizontal edge) it is advantageous to install the filter material in the upper window sashes and to separate the space between the outer and inner parts of the window at a level separating the upper window sash from the lower sashes in an airtight manner so that the ventilation air cannot penetrate into the space between the outer and inner wings of the lower part of the window when ventilated through the upper window sash - the heat loss through the window is reduced. In some cases it is also possible to replace the entire upper inner sash or the sash. glass sheet with filter material - the filter surface would replace part of the inner window. In the case of new windows, the window frames could already be prepared for the installation of filters by the installation of a clamping device, or even with filters as an alternative to the product. It is advisable to use a filter material that has a high dust accumulation potential. For example, a material consisting of a randomly folded nonwoven twisted synthetic fiber of different thickness, which is reinforced by an artificial binder (or hermetically) into a solid and stable filter web. These materials have extremely low pressure losses and high dust build-up due to their progressive fiber construction.

A significant benefit of this solution is also the reduction of the noise level coming from outside to the rooms through ajar windows, windows leaking and closed windows, new windows and so-called micro ventilation - the window is slightly ajar. The effect of noise attenuation is reflected in the installation of the filters in two or two. even more layers. When installing this system in the event that only one window is fitted in a separate room and it is equipped with a filter, it is not possible to quickly vent the room by fully opening the window. Relatively fast ventilation of individual rooms can be realized by switching on the exhaust fans at full capacity with fully closed (sealed) windows of other rooms or. preventing or limiting airflow from other rooms in a different way, eg by closing the door grid. It is necessary to check the parameters of the exhaust fans, whether they are sufficiently dimensioned for the given filter area and the required air flow. correct the entire exhaust fan system. It is advisable to install exhaust fans with power reserve and speed control and timers.

When equipped with appropriate regulation, it will be possible to program the ventilation operation according to the requirements of the space usage. For example, it will be possible to ventilate the occupants of the rooms for a period of time with a minimum of airflow (a condition corresponding to approximately closed window infiltration), and then use the control to switch the exhaust fans to full power and intensively ventilate the rooms for some time (significantly shorter than the damped traffic). corresponding to the open window). The amount of fresh air supply should, on average, ensure the hygienic requirements of the premises and persons in these areas. For example, at night it will be possible to adjust the operation of the fans so that the amount of air is almost exactly the same as the fresh air of sleeping persons. The exhaust fans must be fitted with a tight non-return valve in order to ensure that the ventilator is switched off for a limited number of fans.

Possibilities of modification of exhaust fans incl. their regulation and proper selection of air-conditioning elements are not the subject of this utility model. However, with their correct design and choice, the benefits of installing an outdoor air filtration device when it comes from outside polluted environment through windows to the interior of buildings is closely linked. That is why increased attention has been paid to the issue of controlled air removal. Nowadays, in many prefabricated houses, as well as other buildings, the ventilation system for air extraction is inoperative and its renewal is often in place.

- J CZ 17348 Ul

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The technical solution of the equipment for the filtration of contaminated outdoor air at its inlet into the interior spaces, especially through the windows, is explained in more detail by means of the pictures depicted by the horizontal section, where:

Fig. 1 shows the installation of a new filter layer on the inside of a wooden double window,

Fig. 2 shows the installation of two new filter layers on the inside of a wooden double window;

Fig. 3 shows the installation of a new filter layer on the inside of a wooden window with double glazing (eg wooden EURO window), Fig. 4 shows the installation of two new filter layers on the inside of a wooden window with double glazing (eg wooden EURO window ) in a half-open condition.

Examples of technical solutions

Example 1 of Figure 1

On the inside of the rigid frame I anchored in the double-glazed window construction and the inside of the movable frame 2 of the movable part of the two glass pane 3, a strip of the first portion 6a of the self-adhesive Velcro 6 is glued circumferentially, the second portion 6b of the Velcro 6 is sewn around the periphery the new filter layer 5. The sealing of the joint formed by the Velcro fastener is made all around the adhesive tape 7.

Example 2 of Figure 2

On the inner side of the rigid frame anchored in the twin-wood window construction and the inner side of the movable frame 2 of the movable part of the two glass panes 3, a strip of the first portion 6a of the self-adhesive Velcro 6 is glued circumferentially, the second portion 6b of the velcro 6 is sewn around the perimeter a new filter layer 5a forming a first filtration stage and at the same time along the periphery of the filter layer 5b forming a second filtration stage (with a higher filtration class according to EN 779 versus filtration layer 5a). The two filter layers 5a, 5b are stitched together at the velcro attachment point.

Example 3 of Figure 3

On the inner side of the fixed frame and anchored in the construction of a wooden window with insulating double glazing (eg wooden EURO window) and the inside of the movable frame 2 of the movable part of this window with insulating double glazing 4, the filter layer 5 is glued by the adhesive tape 7.

Example 4 of Figure 4

On the inner side of the fixed frame and anchored in the construction of a wooden window with insulating double glazing (eg wooden EURO window) and the inside of the movable frame 2 of the movable part of this window with insulating double glazing 4, the strip of the first part 6a of the self-adhesive Velcro 6, the second part 6b of the Velcro fastener 6 is sewn around the perimeter of the filter layer 5a forming the first filtration stage to which a further filter layer 5b forming a second filtration stage (with a higher filtration class according to EN 779 versus filter layer 5a) is attached by means of a sewn Velcro fastener. The sealing of the joint formed by the Velcro fastener is made around the entire circumference with an adhesive tape 7.

Method of utilization of technical solution

Utilization of filter layer installation fixed between fixed window frame and opening window frame or. the sash to form a filter area in the space between the fixed window frame or the window frame. window sash and opening window frame, respectively. window sashes are possible for all types of wooden, plastic, metal and combined windows located in the interior, from which it is possible to provide controlled air exhaust. The greatest use is expected for windows installed in buildings located in areas where dust concentrations exceed the respective limit levels and where the required parameters for exhaust fans, for example in kitchens and social facilities, cover the need for fresh (outdoor) air. Thus, especially in buildings located in the city centers in our country such as Prague. Ostrava, in the world eg Mexico City. Depending on the type of object, it can be used mainly in flats, family houses, offices, storage buildings, exhibition buildings, in some health facilities and the like.

Claims (3)

PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS A device for filtering outside air when it is supplied from an outside polluted environment through windows to the interior of buildings due to controlled exhaust air from the interior, characterized in that it comprises a filter layer (5) of filter material which is attached to a fixed frame (1). windows firmly anchored in the building and to the movable frame (2) of the opening part of the window, for the passage of air from the outside into the interior through the filter layer (5). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter layer (5) is fastened to the frame (1, 2) of the existing window by means of a Velcro (6). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter layer (5) is formed by at least two layers (5a, 5b) with different degrees of filtration.