CZ116U1 - Cast decorative glass - Google Patents

Abstract

At least two sections of molten glass, different after cooling in terms of colour and saturation, are gradually manually poured onto one another into preferentially metal forms in a time interval limited by the period by which the open surface of the molten glass poured into the form cools to the temperature of liquid +/- 20 degrees C. Only then is the second molten glass section poured onto the first molten glass section, different after cooling in terms of colour and saturation, which leads to adhesion of the molten glass layers. A necessary condition for cooling the glass without inner stress is a very close viscosity curve of the glass layers used, defined by the differences between the related points of the viscosity curves, that is +/- 10 degrees C between the dilatometric transformation temperatures, between the temperatures of the dilatometric point of softening and between the temperatures of the Littleton's plasticizing point. For this reason the differences of the medium coefficients of the length of thermal expansivity in a range of 20 to 300 degrees C for all glass used can be up to +/- 0.1 . 10<-6> K<-1>.

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to cast decorative glass #, in particular to utility hollow glass, consisting of at least two glasses which differ in their color or saturation.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Utility decorative glass made up of at least two differently colored or deeply colored glasses is obtained by various glassmaking techniques, mostly hand-made, by acceptance or underlaying and by metallurgical techniques according to which the products are referred to as overlay or underlay glass and metallurgical glass.

In the production of the received glass, the glassmaker takes on the glass whistle the base glass, blows out the glass bulb, where it takes another glass in the hot state, which is color or saturation different from the base glass after cooling. . The colored glass layer is on the surface of the received products and the underlayed glass has a colored glass layer inside the products. The underlayed glass is produced by the glass maker first forming a colored core and after a slight cooling it overlaps once or twice with the colorless glass.

In the production of metallurgical glass, the glassmaker takes on a metal rod, i.e. glass iron, gradually different glass, after cooling color or saturation different, which immediately further processed.

These old well-known glass techniques are based on the fact that the molten glass, after cooling by color or its saturation, is picked up in succession and almost immediately after the final last picking is thermally processed into the desired shape, which always leads to a smooth transition of individual colors or deeply different glasses.

Decorative utility glass, obtained from only one type of glass, shall, inter alia:. glassmaking techniques, can be obtained by hand pouring glass into the glass mold. The glassmaker takes the molten glass onto the iron rod and pours the molten glass into a mold, which is preferably metallic. The molten glass is poured in the mold and spontaneously shaped according to the shape of the mold and its relief to the desired shape of the article.

When casting glass, in particular, artists use different techniques for making unique glass pieces, such as pouring glass into sand, or molds from ceramic or refractory materials, or into metal frames with a flat support.

The essence of the technical solution

Cast decorative glass, in particular utility glass, consisting of at least two glasses of differing color or saturation, according to the present invention, which is characterized in that at least two differently or deeply different glasses are stuck together, without a smooth transition, with sharp visually visible interface. The glasses used have mean coefficients of longitudinal thermal expansion in the range of 20 to 300 ° C differing by a maximum of 6 ± 0.1.10. The glasses used have maximum differences - 10 ° C between dilatimetric transformation temperatures, dilatimetric softening point temperatures. and the temperature of the Littleton softening point.

The cast decorative glass according to this technical solution represents a new type of decorative glass of unconventional and original appearance with a distinctive optical effect on the interface of two color or saturation different glasses of defined properties. Between two layers of glass differently colored or saturated and densely glued, there is a visually perceptible sharp interface, which manifests itself optically as an inserted strip of crystal glass, or as an embedded metal foil or. silvery metal sheet. This effect is achieved by gluing two differently colored or intensely different glass melts together without their intermingling, as in the case of metallurgical or overlay and underlay glass. Defined glass conditions, ie differences in mean coefficients of longitudinal thermal expansion and temperatures of the reference points of the viscosity curves of the glass used, are also necessary for the successful cooling of the product in the cooling furnace and in the mold cooling. this prevents cracks, flanges and cracking of the products.

The cast decorative glass according to the present invention is made by hand casting, so that there is no need for a manual heat treatment that requires highly skilled and skilled glassmakers. Manual casting can be performed by less than a qualified operator. Waste glass in the form of cullet can be used for only the glass used. Often luxury glass is expensive between the waste glass, not usable for various reasons, such as the possibility of further processing and refining.

Examples of technical solution

Example 1

Cast decorative vase

In this exemplary embodiment, the production of a cast decorative vase of two glass, coral and crystal glass, is cast into a simple metal mold.

For this cast decorative product, a very careful selection of the glasses used is required, while maintaining very close viscosity curves. Both selected coral and crystal glasses have the following characteristics:

Properties glass glass coral crystal glass

<If ^-1 ) mean coefficient of linear thermal expansion in the temperature range of 20 to 300 ° C 11,1.10 ^-6 10,9.10 ^-6 T _g (° C) temperature dilatcmetric glass transformation point 472 478 T _d (° C) dilatometric temperature glass softening point 536 538 T _L (° C) Littleton temperature softening glass . 631 636

A cast decorative vase is obtained by taking the glassmaker to a metal rod, i.e., glass iron, about 0.5 kg of saturated, converging coral glass, which he poured into a V-shaped metal mold, and cutting the glass to form potting cut. The glass is allowed to cool in the mold until its open surface reaches a liquidus glass temperature of -20 ° C, which in this case is about 810 to 840 ° C. The liquidus temperature is the temperature at which the molten glass is in a thermodynamically equilibrium state just saturated with a phase which, when the temperature decreases, is deposited as a priming crystal. Immediately before the next

4.With the enamel pickup, the Power Operator puts on the glass in the form of a glass metallic darkness. The glassmaker takes the crystal glass into another glass iron and pours it over the dark into a coral glass mold. Thus, the crystal glass is stuck to the coral glass. During cooling of both molten glass in the mold, it is necessary to rotate the mandrel to avoid sticking to the crystal molten glass. For some products, as desired by the consumer, it is possible to shape the product by simply blowing, drawing glass with tweezers or other known techniques. After the glass has cooled down in the mold so that there is no more warping or deformation of the glass, the dark is removed and the vase is then removed from the mold and transferred to a cooling furnace.

After cooling, the vase can be further processed by known finishing processes, e.g., grinding, matting, sanding, and the like.

Thus, a crystal and coral red glass vase is obtained, where a distinct optical splitting effect occurs at the site of the densely bonded joint, as if there was another stripe of luminous crystal glass or an embedded silver sheet between the two glasses.

Example 2

Cast decorative sculpture

In this exemplary embodiment, the production of a cast decorative sculpture of three glasses, different in color or saturation, is described in a special metal form by the so-called &quot; form in form. For this purpose, three types of glass were selected, namely alabaster white glass, amethyst transparent glass and crystal glass, as follows:

Properties of alabaster amethyst crystal glass glass glass glass

. _1. ζ ° ^ (K) · / θ median longitudinal coefficient linear temperatures, extensibility in the range of 20 to 300 ° C 9.52 9.56 9.4 T (° C) dilatimetric trans- glass formation point 484 489 492 Tmax (° C) temperature dilatimetric point glass softening 539 549 548

Tl (° C) Littleton Softening Point Temperature 651 654 658

- 5 To make a cast decorative glass sculpture, a special metal mold # is used which consists of several separate compartments inside. The glassmaker first picks up the alabater glass on the glass iron and poured it into one of the separate mold compartments. Simultaneously with the first glassmaker, the second glassmaker takes on amethyst glass for another glass iron and pours it into a second separate compartment of the same mold.

Wait until the open surface of both glass melts to liquidus temperature - 20 ° G, which in this case is about 850 to 870 ° C for both glass melts.

The glassmaker then takes the crystal glass onto the other glass iron and poured it into the whole mold so that the crystal glass covers both colored alabaster and amethyst glass and thus glues the glass together under similar conditions as in the previous embodiment.

Thereby a highly decorative cast glass sculpture is obtained, wherein the lower part is formed by separately colored alabaster and amethyst glass, sharply sharpened by an optical rim separated from the upper crystal glass.

Example 3

Cast decorative candlestick

The decorative cast candlestick, in these exemplary embodiments, is made of two glasses, namely opal glass, so-called chalk, and light green transparent glass, having the following characteristics:

Glass properties opal glass green glass oC (κ 1) mean length coefficient 11, 5-40 11.4 thermal expansion T (° C) dilatimetric trans- glass formation point 467 471 Tj (° C) temperature of dilatimetric glass softening point 528 533 T_ (° C) Littleton Softening Point Temperature 1 » glass 624 632

The candlestick is made by the glassmaker taking opal glass on a metal rod and pouring it into a metal mold with a rectangular bottom and four peripheral walls. Then from the top to the glass as it gradually cools with a shaped metal tool _? The so-called core _γ displaces the stylized relief motif of the core, thereby forming a depression in the enamel, which actually forms a kind of glass form. After the open surface of this glass has cooled to a liquidus temperature of -20 ° C, in this case 810 to 830 ° C, a light green transparent glass is poured onto the opal glass. _A bonding of the two glass melts together again. A metallic darkness is pressed from above into the poured light green glass to form a cavity for placing the candle in the glass candle holder (thus obtained).

Industrial applicability of technical solution

The cast decorative glass according to the present invention can be used for utility glass such as vases, bowls, ashtrays, candlesticks, paperweights, as well as purely decorative items such as sculptures blocks, souvenirs, wall hanging items, such as vases, candlesticks, etc. , and also event. for jewelery.

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Claims (1)

KkKQW FOR PROTECTION Poured decorative glass, in particular utility hollow glass, consisting of at least two glasses of differing color or saturation, characterized in that at least two differently colored or saturated colors are stuck together, without a smooth transition, with a sharp visual appearance. The glasses used shall have mean coefficients of thermal expansion within the range of 20 to 300 ° C differing by a maximum of -0,110 K, and the maximum differences between their dilatcmetric transformation temperatures, the dilatcmetric softening point temperatures and the Littleton softening point temperature are - 10 C .