CZ106497A3 - Composite insulator - Google Patents

Abstract

Composite Insulator with Support Bar / 1 / s with integrated fixing fittings / 2 / and with a compact weather jacket roofs / 4 / for outdoor electric line, has a support rod (1) with fastening endings / 2 / made of plastic monolith, for example, thermopal or thermoset with, optionally, solidifying materials fibers. Monolith Carrier Rods / 1 / s end caps (2), surrounds from end to end via eye / 5 / endings / 2 / to endless loops arranged fiber reinforcement (11) which encircles in / 2 / optional a sleeve (13) with loops (5) and peripheral recesses (14) for fiber reinforcement (11), optionally provided with front holes / 15 / k fixing the ends of the fiber reinforcement (11). Carrier bar (1) is between ends / 2 / provided with an external elastic jacket (3 / s) with intergral weathering / 4 / s circumferential drip edges (8) and is further between the ends (2) provided from the outside set of radial locking projections / 7 / for said elastic skin (3). On the upper interface between the support bar (1) and the housing (3) is a cover collar (10) is provided.

Description

Technical field

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The invention relates to a composite insulator; with integrated fixing terminals and weather-proof sheath, especially any electrical power transmission line, electric traction · and distribution network lines.

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BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Insulators are used to prevent leakage of electrical current from conductors on lines of a power distribution system. A typical insulator is made of a material with a very high resistance to the passage of electric current, so that the current flow through the insulator is usually negligible. One type of insulator is referred to as a pendant insulator, which? usually hang the transmission lines on the supporting structure- Suspended insulator can? be made as a composite insulator.

A known composite insulator typically comprises? saturated glass, the supporting rod, externally surrounded by weather canopies, made of highly insulating material. Such insulators are called composite, although the weather canopies and support rails are made of different materials, in particular. chosen to perform the various functions of the two components. Generally, the carrier also assumes mechanical stress and contributes to the overall insulating ability, while most of the insulation is provided by weather roofs.

Another type is a tensioning zooming device. The one of the anchor wires, when the usual? called an anchor or even 1 aur for ji ť.u j e? division to the carrier transmission system

Can insulators be connected? to the power line? and carry it in a variety of ways, including configurations from simple hanging, line. In addition, one of the requirements for anchor or tension insulator is the ability to withstand torsion.

terminations. In all these ends of the insulator support rod, metal terminals are used for connection to the beam and to the power line.

A solution known, for example, from US Patent No. 4,505,033 discloses a composite insulator formed of a fiberglass support rod partially covered with an elastomeric coating. At the exposed ends of the support rod are additionally mounted metal? terminals for attaching the insulator to the beam or to the high voltage conductor. The terminals may be attached to the support rod in an adhesive manner or may be molded to the support rod.

Another US Patent No. 4,491,687 discloses a composite insulator comprising a central mandrel made of insulating foam with two ends adhered to the mandrel. The resin-saturated fibers are wound around the mandrel and terminals. The fiber winding is then overlaid with both a resilient and an insulating coating.

Other US Patent No. 3,592,959 discloses a biased ceramic insulator assembly comprising an endless loop of fiberglass. Reversible bendable saddle member in the shape of letter II to the end ring.

part of the loop rests which is mounted to

US Patent No. 2,970,186 discloses an electrical insulator comprising a member made of thin glass fibers. The member is wound in a closed loop, the ends of this loop rest on respective contact surfaces of two separate parts. Anyone? of these parts? ' ie screwed into a separate end cap.

Essentially, it is a phenomenon. For example, the molded part is terminated by all of the known insulators listed. Many of the terminators are often quite large, and are therefore heavy and long in metal. If the fiberglass part of the insulator goes, because it is difficult to use the right measure it is relatively ductile without damaging which is relatively less ductile. Where is the difficulty of producing pressure on the metal, glues fiberglass, there is problematic to find such of the name to be terminals even for when sheaths or liquid resins? fastened

- 3 suitable adhesive to adhere the metal-resin-glass fiber interface and would not loosen during use of the insulator.

Significant progress in eliminating the disadvantages of known composite insulators, in particular in achieving their higher ability to withstand various kinds of loads lightened and simple with inexpensive connections of insulators to the respective members, has been achieved by solving the composite insulator according to? invention according to? Vil 94/06127, by? žehrj se? fiberglass, late and forming core carrier? bars? with endings, first? They are impregnated with liquid resin and subsequently winded in successive manner in two mutually transverse layers around the cylindrical ends or sleeves in the form of a vitreous body of the ends are temporarily on a suitable fastening frame before curing. Only after curing did the body place them? into a matrix that masks when closed? at least the exposed surfaces of the sleeves or terminals, whereupon? through such hardened glass-yellow body, the polymer, such as silicone rubber, is cast into the shape of a finished insulator, including integral weathered roofs, to form a glass-fiber insulated, reinforced from the end? to end with resin. The housings inserted into the insulator body during manufacture form support bars on both sides? insulator means to its otherwise can? be a fiberglass insulator body after curing of the resin, by a protective coating by a process such as immersion or which coating protects the fiberglass body from the effects of ultraviolet rays and extremes of conditions. The polishing provided by any spraying, damaging 1 weathering is eg 1 ad polyurethane paint, whereby such an insulator, without the weathering, if the roof is not with other abilities They are generally suitable for anchoring and tensioning purposes

Despite all the effects that? such a composite insulator for all possible? kinds of its uses shows is? disadvantage of own production technological process which requires? necessarily a method of saturating glass fibers or glass fiber bundles with polyester, vinyl ester, epoxy or phenolic resin resins and the like. Working with them is dangerous to the health of persons. Although the polymerization process of the resins can then be accelerated in various ways, for example by heat or chemically, it is a relatively time-consuming process, requiring that a large number of fixture mandrels for sleeves or other terminals of the future insulator body are ready for cost-effective production. The resin-soaked glass fibers in a complicated configuration must be pre-wound with subsequent curing of the resin. However, such production already appears to be uneconomical and under current conditions unecological in terms of the only known thermal disposal of discarded insulators.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved composite insulator, for use as a suspension or anchor and tensioner, also resistant to higher torsion loads. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a composite insulator that is solid in weight and light for mass production at high productivity and low energy consumption, without risk to health of people during their production.

Another object is to provide a composite insulator having an improved stress to weight ratio so that this can also result in a reduction in the dimensioning of the upper mechanical suspension structures of the transmission lines, or other anchor insulator beams or holders or tensioners.

Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a composite insulator which would not be subject to easy destruction or damage to sulfur Ion during operation by a stone strike and which would eventually be damaged. fall, and for example in the event of a collision with the front of the locomotive, reflected from it without serious destruction of said locomotive front and endanger the health of the crew.

Also, an insulator having a high degree of inventiveness of the present invention is to provide a composite with a high degree of self-cleaning capability of roofs in the rain, as well as in tunnels, namely with vibration and water repellency. Finally, it is an object of the present invention to provide a composite insulator which is not subject to damage during transportation to the installation site and is particularly ecologically important, in particular for its 1.00% recyclability, i.e., in particular, does not contain resins.

The foregoing and other objects are accomplished in accordance with the present invention by providing an improved composite insulator with a carrier rod with integrated fastenings and a compact weather-proof casing, wherein the carrier rod with fastenings is a solid plastic monolith.

According to the invention, strength thermoplastics or thermosetting materials, optionally in the mass reinforced with reinforcing fibers, for example glass-fiber reinforced fibers or the like, can be used to form a support rod which does not exhibit any joints or different material transitions.

The solution according to the invention offers the construction of a composite insulator for enormous tensile loads, in which case, without any use of hazardous resins, comprising a support rod monolith with fastening terminals surrounds end-to-end through end lugs into an endless loop arranged by fiber reinforcement, e.g. kevlar fibers, possibly from screened fibers.

An increase in the strength resistance of the composite insulator at its clamping points to the outer clamping members is readily achievable according to the invention by such an embodiment according to which, into an endless loop within the monolith of the support rod β

The electrical resistance of the composite insulator under all possible external conditions is achieved according to the invention, in particular, in that the support rod is provided externally with an elastic sheath between the fastening ends with a fiber-reinforced sleeve. integral weather canopies with peripheral drip edges.

In order to maintain the equilibrium stability of its essential parts throughout the operation of the composite insulator, it is advantageous according to the invention if the support rod is provided externally with a plurality of radial retaining lugs for the housing between the fixing ends.

The complete prevention of moisture penetration between essential parts of the composite insulator can be countered according to the invention by providing a cover collar at the upper interface between the support rod and the housing.

In accordance with the invention, transverse bore systems formed in the ends of the sleeves can be used to easily grasp the ends of the fiber reinforcement.

Other advantages and effects of the present invention are apparent

Exemplary Embodiments with a Dividing Composite Fig. 1 Shape in Partial Description with Sheath Attachment Terminals with Several Insulator Weather and from the attached drawing, where the designation indicates the embodiment. Fig. 2 is a side view of the jointless transition portions of the support rod into terminals equipped with a reinforcing integrated collar, Fig. 3, showing a cross section of the support rod clearly showing the support rod monolith and on the support rod arranged with roofs with drip edges. schematic representation of one of the possible ways of winding a fiber bundle of fiber reinforcements, or of attaching a preformed arbitrary strength band around circumferentially recessed bushings, then inserted together to reinforce the carrier rod ends together in a mold to encircle the carrier rod materials

Example 1

The composite insulator (FIG. 1) is made up of two insulator parts, the first of which is a continuous continuous support rod 1 provided with fastening terminals 2 at its ends, the second component being an elastic skin 3 with a group 1 between the terminals 2 on the continuous support rod 1. ntecfrally their reputation, c 11 th shed 4.

The support rod 1 constituting the internal insulator of the composite insulator is designed, in particular, to provide all the essential mechanical properties of the composite insulator mentioned above. The support rod 1, including the terminals 2 with lugs 5, is made in the form of injection molds of thermoplastic or thermosetting, for example of a polyamide-based strength polymer, normally referred to as PA, Pliti masses

PEST (E), optionally with a high content of scattered reinforcement, such as glass roof, or possibly brickwork, and the like. In order to increase the mechanical properties of the terminals 2, optionally reinforcing collars are formed around their meshes 5

6. The terminals 2 can be arbitrarily modified according to the shape of the mold, for example also in the shape of forks (not shown) with eyes 5. The eyes can be pre-equipped with metal sleeves (not shown) in Figs. later.

The formation of the support rod monolith is very fast and efficient. possible

1 in the form of vstř i kol i i Sil can be created. souč and with them on tacies 7 , kt « • i é e 1 as thi cke pl áš you 3 after

support rod i 1

The elastic sheath 3 is applied to the support rod 1 in a second injection-molding operation in the appropriate form, at the same time also on the integrated roofs 4 or on the roofs 4, the finished parts are then formed on them.

The elastic sheath 3, made of silicone rubber, for example, contributes to the removal of the composite insulator from the mold in the peripheral drip edge group. The elasticity of the sheath 3 and its water repellency contributes in operation to increasing the electrical resistance of the composite insulator, since, as the water flows down the balls, the dust easily falls off and any frost is deflected due to the weathering capability of the roofs 4, either wind or mechanical. for example, from the contact wires, by the pantograph after the electrically powered vehicle has passed, the weather hoods 4 have substantially increased the distance between the lugs 5 of the terminals 2, and their field then essentially determines the electrical resistance of the composite insulator. The stability of the electrical resistance of the composite insulator, particularly in the rain or other extreme climatic conditions, furthermore provides peripheral drip edges 8 on the individual weather roofs 4, which prevent surface moisture from overflowing on the upwardly rising lower surface 9 of said weather roofs 4. Due to the external conditions, the insulation resistance of the composite insulator remains sufficient due to the dry surface portions between the terminals b of the terminals 2. In order to prevent water from leaking into the interface between the elastic sheath 3 and the upper part of the support rod 1, a sealing collar 10 can be provided.

Example 2For event. to increase the strength of the support rod 1 with 2, that is to say the heavily stressed insulators for enormously tensile stresses, a fiber reinforcement 11 consisting, for example, of a fiber bundle 12, kevlar or glass fiber, wound ends and composite C rt. r. 3), preferably directly in the frame of the not shown mandrels at the locations of the future meshes b of the terminals 2 or placed on these mandrels housings 13 with circumferential recesses 14 for the bundle of these fibers 12 or not shown preformed strength endless tape. Naturally, said fibers 12 can be wound onto said housings 13 separately on a respective auxiliary device and only then subsequently transferred together into a mold. The method of winding the fibers 12 around the mandrels (not shown) in the injection mold does not form on the said sleeves 13 in the fixture. however, the pre-laid fiber reinforcement 11 from the fiber bundle 12 or tape will at least approximately copy the future shape of the carrier bar 1. The centered fiber reinforcement 11 is then subjected to a dowel operation in a collision form with the material to form the carrier bar 1 lacquer described in Example 1. The transverse holes 15 formed in the sides of the sleeves 13 may serve to attach the fiber ends 12 of the fiber reinforcement 11. The sleeves 13 may be replaced by heart-shaped pendant eyes (not shown) with semi-closed flooring, as known from rope lashing.

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Claims (8)

Claims for protection 1. A composite and anchoring with fastening and weathercaps, characterized in that, with a support rod with integrated ascents, the sheaths for rural areas, the support rod (1) with fastening terminals C2) is formed by a cast-iron monolith. Composite insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the monolith of the support rod (C1) is formed from thermoplasms 1 and 3. Composite insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the monolith of the support rod (1) is formed from thermoset. Composite insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the all-plastic mono-reinforcing carrier is reinforced. of the rod C1) comprises Composite insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the monolith of the support rod C1) with the terminals i2) surrounds end-to-end through the eyes Cb) of the terminals C2) into an endless loop arranged by the fiber reinforcement C11). 6. Compensator according to claim 1, in which the reinforcement C11), the sleeve (13) with the meshes Cb) and the 1-wall reinforcement C11) are placed in an endless loop. according to claim 1, characterized by inside the support rod (1) arranged in terminals (2) arranged with circumferential recesses (CM) for 7. A composite insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the support rod C1) is between the outer part 1 and the thirst part of the sheath with three edges C4) with edges C8). 2) provided (3) with circumferential loading and unloading. Composite insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the support rod C1) is provided externally with a plurality of radial detent projections (7) for the housing C3) between the terminals i). - 11 A composite insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that. A cover collar (10) is provided at the upper boundary between the support rod (1) and the skirt (3). Composite insulator according to claims 1 and 6, characterized in that the sleeves (13) are provided with sets of transverse openings (15) for fastening the fiber reinforcement end (11).