CS277276B6 - Degreasing and cleaning agent - Google Patents

Abstract

Composition for degreasing and cleaning metal and plastic surfaces. The composition contains 5 to 15 parts by weight of an alkanolamine, 4 to 20 parts by weight of at least one alcohol from the group of polyethylene glycol, glycerin, cyclohexanol, ethanol and 10 to 40 parts by weight of a non-ionic and/or anionic detergent in water.

Description

1 CS 277276 B6

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a degreasing and cleaning composition of metallic / steel / aluminum / and other colored metal plastic materials. The purpose of degreasing and cleaning is to remove the hydrophobic fats of fatty nature bound to the surface of the material. It is degreasing before further mechanical, eventually by heat treatment or assembly. The purpose of the degreasing agent is to remove cooling emulsions, cooking oils, molding agents, abrasive and lubricating pastes, and other substances that are desirable to eliminate anticorrosive coatings such as coatings, galvanic and metallization treatments from fake coating. However, the issue of degreasing, especially in engineering, is still not entirely solved. It is problematic to degrease not only large areas but also smaller parts. Often this issue is dealt with in improvised ways, such as brushing, cleaning with rags using organic solvents such as gasoline, kerosene, diesel, blends of organic solvents from chemical production, the most chlorinated hydrocarbons. The most commonly used are trichlorethylene, perchlorethylene, optionally 1,1,1-trichloroethane / methylchloroform. A major disadvantage of organic solvents is their flammability, hygiene defect, disposal problems, and the like. regeneration which is most problematic in the most effective, e.g., trichlorethylene. In addition, these substances are suspect carcinogens, their production is environmentally demanding and are classified as freons whose production will be dampened by ozone protection.

A suitable solution is degreasing with aqueous solutions. Classical degreasers are mixtures of salts, especially phosphates, silicates, nitrites with the addition of detergent and other additives. Their disadvantage is that the working solutions are strong alkalis, it is necessary to use protective equipment, work at elevated temperature and there are also problems with disposal from the surface. Therefore, in recent years, special types of cleaning and degreasing agents have been developed to eliminate these deficiencies. Special anticorrosive properties are provided by sodium nitrite / MS. copyright certificate 243 563 /. Strong contaminated metal surfaces are cleaned with a formulation containing ammonium fatty acid salts bound to organic nitrites / MS. U.S. Pat. No. 133,139], by means of a detergent composition comprising sodium polyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate and an alkyl ketosine / MS surfactant. author's certificate233 009 /. Complexing agents / MS are added to improve surface treatment prior to application of protective coatings. author's certificate 134 045 /.

The composition of degreasing agents depends on the raw materials available, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,421,680 utilizes the ethoxylated amide as a detergent / amide in the refiner. 8 to 18 carbon atoms, ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether as homogenizer, silicate sodium and potassium hydroxide to increase alkalinity. Cationic surfactants or cationic modified polymers (DE-PS 3 247 431) are used to release the emulsification of oils in water, using alkaline phosphates and silicates with the addition of non-ionic CS 277276 B6 2 surfactant / DE-PS 3 137 340 and DE -PS 3,137,341]. Similar preparations containing alkaline inorganic salts are also described by the Soviet authors (SU AO 806 786), which use boric acid and undesirable sodium nitrite (SU AO800 241) to suppress corrosion.

The main disadvantage of all the described solutions is the presence of a large number of inorganic salts, which are aggressive to the skin, are undesirable from the viewpoint of water management, especially nitrite phosphates and technological, since these preparations require additional rinses to avoid so-called excluded saline maps of degreased surfaces. subjects.

The above-mentioned disadvantages are eliminated by the degreasing agent and the cleaning of the metal and plastic materials according to the present invention, which consists in containing from 5 to 15 wt. 4 to 20 wt. parts of at least one alcohol of polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 200 to 600, glycerol, cyclohexanol, ethanol and 10 to 40 wt. non-ionic / or anionic detergent in aqueous solution. Its advantages include non-flammability, hygienic harmlessness, no aggressive and hygienically harmful substances, exhibit corrosive corrosion, is applicable to non-ferrous metals, e.g. aluminium-

The formulation is operated at ambient temperature and can be processed to 90 ° C if necessary. No further rinsing is required after degreasing, the surface is protected against corrosion for a short time. The preparation can be applied by spraying, dipping or a combination thereof in conventional degreasing devices. During the lifetime of the bath, its surface releases grease, which can be mechanically removed from the surface, while the bath itself continues to work reliably. It is possible to dispose of the spent solution in conventional de-emulsifiers by flotation or ultrafiltration.

The higher effect of the composition of the invention is documented by the following examples. Example 1

100 kg of water are metered into a glass container equipped with a stirrer, a heater, and 27.3 kg of diethanolamine, 13.6 kg of polyethylene glycol with a mean molecular weight of 300, 3.3 kg of cyclohexanol and 55.8 kg of alkylarylsulphonate are added with stirring. For better solubility, the mixture can be heated to 50 to 70 ° C. The homogenized mixture is discharged into 200 1 barrels. Dilute to 4% 4 times before use. The solution has a pH of 11.1, is non-aggressive, has anticorrosive and good degreasing ability.

Claims (3)

PATENT CLAIMS Composition for degreasing and cleaning metal and plastic materials, characterized in that it contains 5 to 15 parts by weight of alkanolamine, 4 to 20 parts by weight of at least one alcohol from the group of polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 200 to 600, glycerol, cyclohexanol, ethanol and 10 to 40 parts by weight of a nonionic and / or anionic detergent in aqueous solution. 2. The composition according to item 1, characterized in that it contains diethanolamine and / or triethanolamine in the form of an alkanolamine. 3. A composition according to claim 1, wherein the detergent used is a low ethoxylated fatty alcohol having a carbon number of 10 to 16 and / or a sodium alkylarylsulfonate having a carbon number of 8 to 20 carbon atoms.