CS274373B1 - Agent for seeds' and/or cereals' presowing treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

The agent for pre-sowing treatment of seeds and grains, especially field seeds, maize, beet, generally contains biologically active substances, nutrients, and assistant substances, and forms a continuous layer on the surface of seeds and grains during application. It further consists of water and/or water-alcoholic dispersion of at least one copolymer of alkylacrylate or acrylic acid and from one to three longer olefinically non-saturated comonomers with the exception of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate. These are alkenes C2 to C6, dienes C4 to C10, styrene, α-methyl styrene, butyl- and dibutyl moleinate, methyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile, vinylidene chloride and vinyl toluene. Concentration of the dispersion is 0.1 to 50 percent by weight (3 to 15 percent).

Description

CS 274373 Bl

The invention relates to a composition for the pre-treatment of seeds and grains with continuous filinone, mainly based on copolymers or copolymers with adjuvants on their multicurface, wherein the copolymers are applied. in the form of aqueous dispersions or aqueous-alcoholic dispersions.

In order to increase the crop yield of agricultural crops, it takes place with an earlier sowing of grain, usually 10 to 20 days before the usual agrotechnical terms which, before sowing, cover at least one layer of film which is produced by incrustation mainly in the case of in the case of small grains and sera, usually by means of a relatively inert and / or physiologically active filler and a film-forming agent with adhesive properties. In addition to the hydrophobic component, biologically active substances, in particular pesticides and, most commonly, fungicides, insecticides with growth regulators, micronutrients, colorants and pigments, are added to the preparations used. Such formulations include Selok dissolved in a mixture of ethanol and dichloroethane, known under the trade name Socrust, gelling starch solution, molasses, pectin gel, methylcellulose, methylhydropyloxypropylcellulose, most commonly together with furicides, growth promoters and nutrients. Despite many advantages, however, their disadvantage is the considerable hydrophilicity and lower drawbar strength of the formed films on the grain and seed surfaces prepared from the predominantly natural wet-molecular substances. Both polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylic acid sodium salt and carboxymethylcellulose mixed with a surfactant, growth regulator and microelements (Karsoy I. et al., PCT Int. Appl.) Are more suitable for both the higher strength of the film and the adhesion formed. No. 8,402,829 (1984), but the problem of high hydrophilicity remains, but a much higher hydrophobic effect has a styrenedivinylbenzene copolymer or pre-foamed polystyrene (U.S. Pat. No. 4,460,542), but their hydrophobic effect is too high such that It is suitable to use only in discontinuous binder films or discontinuous Stains on grain surfaces.In the continuous film, due to its water resistance, there is only a slow attack of the binder - the film thus germinates at considerable different times and thus uneven germination and growth of individuals Very good technological properties of the formed film and physiological effects have a preparation bases of vinyl polymers and copolymers in organic solvents, in particular toluene, xylenes and cyclohexonone (cf. author's certificate PV 8519-85). However, their raw material resources are limited and, moreover, they need to be treated more ogatmically from the fire safety point of view. Preparations based on phenol-formaldehyde resins soluble in organic solvents are also known. Their drawbacks, apart from the post-safety problems of application, are the unevenness of the film attack by the water and the microorgsnizmarai in the ground. Also known (Kunela NT: Faroge notes 24. No. 1, 30 (1971)) is also the application of arabic gum in organic solvents together with a dolomite powder blend, as well as a mixture of downy wax and rosin (Takshnski Kocatoshi et al., Jap. Pat. 65). 212 231 (1986)). However, the sources of these binders are limited and their hyphropobicity is already high. Continuous application of hard non-phytotoxic resins (U.S. Pat. No. 3,113,399). However, the drawback of the process is the presence of organic solvents in the formed aqueous emulsions of resins and organic solvents. It thus loses the precaution of safe handling and incombustibility. Also the proposed acrylic resins are poorly characterized, the polyacrylates themselves are fragile, the polyacrylic acid is also biologically active, its sodium salt is again hydrophilic and water-soluble. Unsuitable low-level increment of the grain to be stored for a long time. In the case of vinyl resin copolymers, the vinyl chloride / vinyl alcohol copolymer is also hydrophilic, unusable for long-term storage, and chlorinated resins require the addition of organic solvents in addition to the most effective effect.

Closest to the subject of the present invention is the deposition to seed dressing by application in discontinuous Stains according to the invention. No. 232,707, which comprises a water-insoluble copolymer-containing polymer made of vinyl acetate and vinyl ester or vinyl ester;

CS 274373 B1 acrylate monoraer. The disadvantage is the discontinuity of the film on the treated grains,

This increases storage requirements and prevents sowing from agrotechnical deadlines.

However, it is an object of the present invention to provide a pre-treatment treatment for semxens and / or grains, in particular seeds, maize, legumes and beet, typically biologically active substances, nutrients and adjuvants, forming a continuous film by application to the seed or grain surface. composition consists of an aqueous dispersion and /? for aqueous slkoholickej dispersion of at least one copolymer of alkyl acrylate with a number uhliltov the alkyl from 1 to 3 and / Oleby of ekrylovej with one to three Salšími olefinically unsaturated comonomers other than vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate, selected among olefins C ₂ to C ₈ , dienes C 4 -C 10, styrene, C 3 -cetyl tyrene, butyl maleate, dibutyl muleinate, methyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile, methyl methacrylate, vinylidene chloride and vinyltoluene, with an average molecular weight of 10,000 to 2,000,000, with a dry matter concentration of 0.1 to 50 wt.

Advantages of the sheet forming a continuous film on the surface of treated viscosities and grain are good film adhesion and strength, high incrustation efficiency and seed coating, so that a drawbar with a single wrapping or a single coat can suffice. incrustation. In addition, good reproducibility and adjustable film life and hence drawbar quality of the incremented seeds and grain. Further technical availability of necessary binders - copolymers, manufactured also for other purposes. In addition, it is non-flammable, and thus the safe compatibility of the composition as well as the incremental or coated grain, the resistance to molds and rodents, while being non-toxic. Then the high strength, toughness and excellent adhesion of the films to the grain and wiped off. The long-term shelf life of both the composition and the treated seeds, etc., even the drawbar under temporary conditions, or will provide protection against short-term moisture. Possibility to use increment or coating for simultaneous addition to seeds of biologically active substances, microelements, fillers and other excipients. Last but not least, health safety! on occupational safety using said seed encrusting agent.

The copolymers are produced either intentionally over the composition of the present invention or utilize the commercially available most commonly available copolymers of aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic dispersions, manufactured eye intermediates for the manufacture of paints, adhesives, substrates pre-grafted copolymerization op. 40 to 50% by weight, if appropriate, as water-dispersible powders (suspensions).

As the alkyl acrylate comonomer in alkylon the number of carbons 1 to 8 and / ELEB of acrylic acid are suitable olefins _of C to C, nojvhodr.ejšie l-alkenes, such as ethylene, propylene, l-butene, 1-pentane, 1-hexene, but alkenes and an internal double bond are useful. Then dienes C 1 to C 14, especially 1,3-butadiene, cyclopentadiene, isoprene, cyclooctadiene and dicyclopentodien, such as other hydrocarbon chamber isomers, in particular styrene, o-acetylstyrene, vinyltoolene. and olefinic unsaturated polar comonomers such as methyl methacrylate and other alkyl acrylates, alkylraaleinate, dialkyl maleate, acrylonitrile, acrylamide, vinyl chloride, itaconic acid and its alkyl esters.

Concentrations of copolymers in dispersions may be 0.1 to 50%, even in powder form, but in dispersions or in solutions or soles, immediately prior to use as an incrustation or coating composition, especially in view of the need for film depth or films most preferably concentrations in the range of 3 to 15 wt. the term seed and seeds also includes plant seeds.

Of the biologically active substances, the compositions of the present invention most commonly are fungicides and insecticides, growth regulators, in particular growth promoters. Of the nutrients, in addition to the usual mineral fertilizers, they are the most common bio-elements, or compounds of cakes. On the one hand, the auxiliaries are a component of the applied copolymers in the formulation

C3 274373 B1 class, eye erectivators, dispersants, initiation system remnants, in exceptional drawers drawbar plated copolymers.

Often other surfactants, in particular cerium, more desiccant, pigments, absorbent, antifoam fillers, also function as excipients.

Incremental alcbe seed delivery by means of the present invention cn makes single or multiple times, most of the techno-economic aspects of low-volume, particularly when copolymers are applied at low concentrations or εη incremental increments at the same time, in addition to the use of these increments. excipients. However, the most common, r.opr. in the first layer, in addition to the film-forming copolymer, there is a growth promoter, fungicide or fungicide; with bernies. Insecticide or mixture of insecticides, filler, ferriter or pigment np.

· Foam suppressants are added when spraying with the addition of antifoams,

Three removal of solvents (water, ethanol and other organic solvents) will be most desiccated in the washing of warm, but also cold air, flowing gases, possibly vapor extraction, evacuation, etc., to avoid excessive scratching of the rods to damage . When applying the composition in the form of aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic dispersions to the seed, care should be taken to remove the water as soon as possible and to dry the incremented or coated seed to prevent swelling.

The data on the composition and its advantages are apparent from the examples.

Example 1

Dispersions of an average molecular weight butyl acrylate / butodiene / styran copolymer. 22,000 (2nd variant); 2-ethylhexyl acrylate / butadiene / styrene with an average molecular weight of 46,000 (variant 3), ethyl acrylate / butadiene / styrene (63%, 12%, 20%) with an average molecular weight of 63 OCC (variant 4); ethyl acrylate / dibutyl maleate / butylmslelate / α'-methylstyrine (GO B, 14 4 1, 2 i) of average molecular weight

000 (5th variant); ethyl acrylate, diethyaleinate / vinyltoluene / dicycloperadiene (? B?. ·,

L, 8 2, 2 ') having an average molecular weight of 56,000 (variant 6); butyl acrylate / acrylonitrile / vinylidene chloride (84%, 12 4%) of average molecular weight

053 000 (7th variant) and ethyl acrylate / butyl acrylate (acrylicssidAyselins acrylic (74 2,

G i, 2 i) having an average molecular weight of 670,000 (G. varinnt) is diluted. water to dry matter concentration for 5 y point. Želej s? to the sample of each variant add 0.3 wt. of oxyquinoline and 0.2 2 wt. Crthocid (fungicides); 0.3 wt. a alkyl polyglycol (nonionic surfactant); 0.2 2 wt. defoamer (Nopenit 112); 0.02% wt. of an equimolar mixture of maleic anhydride with monoethenolminine (ctialator) of 0.1 ha. of belns dye (Xil) and 1 2 hmet. bentonite as a filler.

The β-composition thus prepared. sc is used by single application of no incrusts, resp. barley seed dressing Agror.nl Super. After all, the same seed of the seas ler. by dry route (control, variant 1.5, i.e. without additives;

Subsequently, robotic experiments with stained grain samples (variants 1 to 8) are carried out by placing in containers containing 400 g of soil and 4C0 g of washed silica sand with the same fertilization with? sown after 15 gr. stained jačaeňa Agronsl Super 14 and these 3 days teaperujú in the cooling bore at a temperature of 5-7 ^C C then for about 2 days after pcstupr.om the temperature rose to 20 DEG C. the vessel; will be transferred under the light ramp. Thus, in variant 1 of the variant, the seed was only pickled in a dry way, it was cleaned 14 days after sowing the surface treated grain as a wet way, i.e. copolymers. The results obtained are an average of 8 replicates and that summarized in Table 1

CS 274373 31

In all cases, more favorable results are achieved with the use of copolymer binders, a seed pre-treatment agent, than in dry-seed dressing control experiments.

Table 1

variant germination ' (%) emergence rate ' (%) Dry matter weight of above-ground mass in dishes (%) Reasonable height (cm) within 20 days of emergence 1 93.5 95.0 100.0 21.2 2 96.0 98.0 118.0 22.4 3 97.0 99.0 . 116.9 23.7 4 93.0 99.0 119.0 24.4 5 97.5 93.5 118.5 23.6 6 98.2 98.9 118.9 24.4 7 98.4 99.1 119.1 24.4 8 99.3 99.0 119.0 24.3

Example 2

The procedure is similar to that of Example 1, variants 2 and 3, but instead of the aqueous dispersions of butyl acrylate / butadiene / styrene copolymers and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate / butadiene / styrene copolymers, a 20% by weight aqueous ethanolic dioperation is applied. ethanol. After formulation of the prescription treatment, respectively. barley pickling Agronal Super achieves a germination capacity of 96.5% after pickling a butyl acrylate / butadiene / styrene copolymer; a wake-up of '98,4 mass' of the dry matter of the above-ground mass in the vessel of 118,4% and an average height of 20 days after emergence of 23,1 cm.

When soaked, a composition containing 2-ethylhexyl acrylate / butadiene / styrene has a germination of 96.9%; emergence 93) 6%; the weight of the aboveground mass dry matter in the vessel 118.8% and the average height in 20 days from emergence 23.9 cm.

Claims (4)

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION A composition for the pre-treatment of seeds and / or grains, in particular seeds, maize, legumes and beet, generally containing biologically active substances, nutrients and adjuvants, forming by application on the surface of seeds and / or grains a continuous film, characterized in that it consists of from an aqueous dispersion and / or a hydroalcoholic dispersion of at least one copolymer of an alkyl acrylate having a carbon number of 1 to 8 and / or acrylic acid with one to three other olefinically unsaturated comonomers other than vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate selected from among C8 to C8; ^C 10 * styrene, methyl styrene, butyl maleate, dibutyl maleate, methyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile, vinylidane chloride and vinyltoluene, with an average molecular weight of from 10,000 to 2,000,000, with a dry matter concentration of 0.1 to 50% by weight. 2. A composition according to claim 1, wherein the aqueous and / or aqueous-alcoholic dispersion comprises an additive of a low-toxic organic solvent, preferably xylene, in an amount of 1 to 25. C3 274373 Bl 3. A composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the aqueous and / or aqueous-alcoholic dispersion has a concentration of 3 to 20% by weight. it comprises at least one copolymer of an alkyl acrylate, preferably ethyl acrylate or butyl acrylate with 1,3-butadiene and with 3 at least one hydrocarbon unsaturated comonomer, preferably styrene, a viryltoluenor having C-methylstyrene. The composition of claims 1 to 3j, wherein the aqueous and / or aqueous-alcoholic dispersion is a copolymer of alkyl acrylate and / or acrylic acid with at least one other olefinically unsaturated polar comonomer, preferably butyl maleate, dibutyl maleate and / or acrylonitrile.