CS272620B1

CS272620B1 - Ignition cable with fibrous core

Info

Publication number: CS272620B1
Application number: CS507488A
Authority: CS
Inventors: Michal Dipl Tech Kovacik; Rastislav Ing Valach
Original assignee: Michal Dipl Tech Kovacik; Rastislav Ing Valach
Priority date: 1988-07-14
Filing date: 1988-07-14
Publication date: 1991-02-12
Also published as: CS507488A1

Abstract

The construction of the spark-plug cable with the fibrillose core is suitable especially for ignition systems of automobile engines. The goal of the solution is to substantially limit emission of interference electromagnetic pulses into the ambient medium, improve mechanical property of the cable and more reliably connect the cable core with the conducting parts of the connector. The gist of the solution concerns the fact that the semi-conducting core of the spark-plug cable consists of parallelly mounted casts (1), with a carrying element (5) being formed of fibres with maximal 3 per cent elongation, while the individual parts of the cast (1) are pre-impregnated by the impregnant (6) from elastomer of high adhesion or plastic with minimal 50 per cent elongation, and from semi-conducting coating (7) with internal electrical resistance from 1x10<-2> Ωcm to 1 Ωcm with the thickness from 1 to 20 μm applied on the surface of the casts (1). The gist of the solution concerns furthermore the fact that the casts (1) are pre-impregnated by the impregnant (6) from elastomer of high adhesion or plastic with addition of conducting particles, with the internal electrical resistance higher then 2 Ωcm.<IMAGE>

Description

Vynález sa týká zapaíovacieho kábla s vláknitým polovodivým jadrom, vhodného najma na aplikáciu v zapalovacích systémoch automobilových motorov. Účelom vynálezu je zlepšenie konštrukcie zapaíovacieho kábla v tom smere, aby bolo možné podstatné obmedzií vyžarovanie rušivých, elektromagnetických impulzov do okolitého prostredia, Sálej dosiahnuí lepšie mechanické vlastnosti zapaíovacieho kábla, ako aj spoíahlivejšie spájaí jádro kábla s vodivými časíami konektora a v neposlednom radě aj zefektivnit výrobu zapalovacích káblov.FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a filament semiconductor ignition cable suitable, in particular, for use in automotive engine ignition systems. The purpose of the invention is to improve the design of the ignition cable in such a way that it is possible to substantially reduce the emission of disturbing, electromagnetic pulses to the surrounding environment. cables.

Zapaíovacie systémy automobilových motorov sú nezanedbatelným zdrojom elektromagnetického rušenia roznych elektrických a elektronických zariadení. tísilie obmedzit na čo najnižšiu mieru vyžarovanie rušivých signálov sa v praxi prejavilo vytvořením takých typov zapalovacích káblov, ktoré tieto požiadavky viac či menej spíňajú, i kel na druhej straně či už ich výroba alebo uplatnenie vykazujú aj značné nedostatky. Z doteraz známých riešení sa v praxi osvědčili najma zapaíovacie káble s jadrami so zvýšenou indukčnostou a káble s jadrami so zvýšeným elektrickým odporom. Zapaíovacie káble s jadrami so zvýšenou indukčnosíou majú jadrá obvykle zhotovené z nosného prvku, na ktorom je vytlačená vrstva elastoméru alebo plastu plněného magnetickými časticami, ovinutého tenkým odporovým drStom v tvare skrutkovice. Tieto typy káblov dobré tlmia vysokofrekvenčně zložky rušivých signálov, nedosahujú však požadovaná odrušenie pri nízkých frekvenciách. Zapaíovacie káble so zvýšeným elektrickým odporom sa vyrábajú vo viacerých konštrukčných vyhotoveni ach. Povodně sa tieto typy káblov zhotovovali s jadrami zo zmesi plněných vodivými časticami.Automotive engine ignition systems are a significant source of electromagnetic interference to various electrical and electronic equipment. In practice, the need to minimize the emission of interfering signals has resulted in the creation of types of ignition wires that more or less meet these requirements, and the tusks, on the other hand, whether they have their production or application, also show significant deficiencies. Among the known solutions, ignition cables with cores with increased inductance and cables with cores with increased electrical resistance have proved to be practical in practice. Ignition cables with cores of increased inductance typically have cores made of a carrier element on which a layer of elastomer or plastic filled with magnetic particles is wound, wrapped with a thin helical wire. These types of cables have good attenuation of the high frequency components of the interfering signals, but do not achieve the desired interference suppression at low frequencies. Ignition cables with increased electrical resistance are available in several designs. Floods these types of cables were made with cores from a mixture filled with conductive particles.

Na dosiahnutie požadovaných vlastností kábla bolo potřebné takto vytvořené jadrá ešte opletaí, napr. sklenými vláknami, v iných prípadoch ovíjaň drotom, připadne vytváraí ňalšiu vrstvu z polovodivého materiálu a pod. Nevýhody týchto typov káblov sa prejavovali najma pri konektorovaní a tiež ich výroba bola vysoko náročná a spojená se značnými íažkosňami. Nová generácia automobilových motorov na bezolovnatý benzin, u ktorých sa kladů mimoriadne požiadavky na spoíahlivost celého zapaíovacieho systému, si vynútila aj nové typy zapalovacích káblov. Boli to predovšetkým káble s polovodivými vláknitými jadrami, pričom jádro tvořili vlákna z rozličných druhov materiálov, napr. syntetických, skla a pod., na ktoré sa vytváralá vodivá vrstva z grafitu alebo sadzí. Na zlepšenie mechanických vlastností káblov bolo zvyčajne potřebné vytváraň na jádro zosilňujúcu vrstvu zo skleněného opletenia a celý prvok ešte lakoval;. Jedným z hlavných problémov pri príprave karbonizovaných vlákien je nanášanie vodívej vrstvy s požadovanou hodnotou elektrického odporu, pretože najma při karbonizovaní jednotlivých fibriliek sa nedá kontinuálně meraí elektrický odpor. Problémy sa vyskytujú tiež pri napojovaní vláknitého jadra na konektor.In order to achieve the desired properties of the cable, the braided cores thus formed, e.g. glass fibers, in other cases winding with a wire, optionally forming an additional layer of semiconducting material and the like. The disadvantages of these types of cables were particularly evident when they were plugged in, and their production was also highly demanding and associated with considerable difficulties. The new generation of unleaded petrol automobile engines, where the requirements for the reliability of the entire ignition system are extremely high, have also forced new types of ignition cables. These were mainly cables with semiconducting fiber cores, the core being fibers of different kinds of materials, e.g. synthetic glass, etc., on which a conductive layer of graphite or carbon black is formed. In order to improve the mechanical properties of the cables, it was usually necessary to form a reinforcing layer of glass braiding on the core and to paint the entire element. One of the main problems in the preparation of carbonized fibers is the application of a conductive layer with a desired electrical resistance value, since, in particular, carbonization of individual fibrils does not continuously measure the electrical resistance. Problems also occur when connecting the fiber core to the connector.

Uvedené nedostatky doterajšieho stavu v oblasti zapalovacích káblov do značnej miery odstraňuje riešenie podlá vynálezu, ktorého podstata spočívá v tom, že polovodivé jádro zapaíovacieho kábla pozostáva z paralelné uložených vlascov, ktorých nosný prvok je vytvořený z vlákien s ňažnosňou maximálně 3 % a ktoré vlasce sú preimpregnované vysoko adhéznym elastomérom alebo plastom s ňažnosňou minimálně 50 % a z polovodivej vrstvy hrůbky 1 až 20 yum, s vnútorným elektrickým odporom od 1.10“ A.cm do 1 A.cm, ktoré je nanesené na povrch vlascov. Ďalej podstata riešenia spočívá τ tom, že vlasce sú preimpregnované impregnantom s prídavkom vodivých častíc, ktorý má vnútorný elektrický odpor vačší ako 2 A.cm.The above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art in the field of ignition cables are largely eliminated by the solution according to the invention, which consists in the fact that the semiconductor core of the ignition cable consists of parallel laid lines whose carrier element is made of fibers with max. a high-adhesion elastomer or plastic with an elongation of at least 50% and a semiconductive layer of thickness of 1 to 20 µm, with an internal electrical resistance of 1.10 "A.cm to 1 A.cm, which is applied to the surface of the lines. Further, the principle of the solution is that the lines are pre-impregnated with an impregnant with the addition of conductive particles having an internal electrical resistance greater than 2 A.cm.

Výhody navrhovaného riešenia spočívajú najma v tom, že vlákna s nízkou ňažnosňou, z ktorých sú vytvořené vlasce jadra, neumožňujú roztiahnutie termoplastického alebo elastomémeho obalu, v dosledku čoho polovodivá vrstva nanesená na povrchu vlasca ostane celistvá i pri ohýboch a obvyklom mechanickom namáhaní a nedochádza u nej k významnějším změnám elektrického odporu. Tým, že vodivá vrstva je umiestnené na povrchu vlasca a má v porovnaní s inými riešeniami podstatné vyššiu vodivost, dosahuje sa spoíahlivejšie spojenie jadra s vodivými časňami konektora. Impregnovaný vlasec má vysokú mechanická pevnosň - cca 25 N. Ďalšia výhoda riešenia sa prejavuje v možnosti kontinuálně sledoval; hodnotu elektrického odporu pri výrobě vlasca a túto v případe potřeby udržiavaň změnou hrůbky na požadovanej hodnotě. Pridanie primeraného množstva vodivých častíc do impregnantu umožní použil; na povrchová vrstvu vlasca vodivá disperziu s lepšími mechanickými vlastnosňami.The advantages of the proposed solution are mainly that the low-tenacity fibers from which the core lines are formed do not allow the thermoplastic or elastomeric sheath to expand, and as a result the semiconductive layer applied to the surface of the line remains integral even during bends and usual mechanical stresses to significant changes in electrical resistance. By placing the conductive layer on the surface of the line and having a substantially higher conductivity compared to other solutions, a more reliable connection of the core to the conductive parts of the connector is achieved. The impregnated line has a high mechanical strength - about 25 N. Another advantage of the solution is the possibility of continuously monitored; the value of the electrical resistance in line production and, if necessary, to maintain this value by varying the depth to the desired value. The addition of an appropriate amount of conductive particles to the impregnant will allow to be used; conductive dispersion with better mechanical properties.

CS 272 620 B1CS 272 620 B1

U zapalovacích, káblov, určených na přenos elektrických impulzov o vyššom napatí, je možno jádro opatřit tenkou vytláčanou polovodivou vrstvou, ktorá zabezpečí zniženie elektrického namáhania na rozhraní jadra s izoláciou. K cLalším výhodám riešenia podía vynálezu možno přiřadit aj skutočnost, že navrhovaný kábel je možné aplikovat aj do nových motorov s vyšším teplotným zatažením do 120 °C, resp. až do 180 °C.In ignition cables designed to transmit higher voltage electrical pulses, the core may be provided with a thin extruded semiconductive layer to reduce electrical stress at the core / insulation interface. Other advantages of the solution according to the invention include the fact that the proposed cable can also be applied to new motors with a higher temperature load of up to 120 ° C or more. up to 180 ° C.

Na pripojenom výkrese je na obr. 1 v axonometrickom pohíade znázorněný zapalovací kábel s vláknitým jadrom, vytvořeným z vlascov 2» na ktorých je tenká vytláčaná polovo-divá vrstva 2, izolácia 3 a plášt 4. Na obr. 2 je v priečnom řeze znázorněný impregnantom 6 preimpregnovaný vlasec 2 jadra zapaíovacieho kábla s paralelné uloženými nosnými prvkami 5 z vlákien a polovodivou povrchovou vrstvou 7.In the attached drawing, FIG. 1 shows an axonometric view of an ignition cable with a fiber core formed from lines 2 'on which a thin-extruded semi-conductive layer 2, an insulation 3 and a sheath 4 are extruded. FIG. 2 shows, in cross-section, the impregnation 6 of the pre-impregnated line 2 of the ignition cable core with parallel laid fiber support elements 5 and a semiconductive coating 7.

Podstata riešenia je ňalej ilustrovaná dvomi príkladmi konkrétného vyhotovenia vynálezu.The essence of the solution is further illustrated by two examples of a specific embodiment of the invention.

Příklad 1Example 1

Jádro zapaíovacieho kábla je zložené z 54 vlascov 2« Nosný prvok 5 vlasca 2 pozostáva zo 400 sklených vlákien o priemere vlákna 7 /um, ktoré sú uložené do kruhového profilu. Povrch každého vlasca 2 J'^e impregnovaný impregnantom 6 z vysoko adhézneho chloroprénového kaučuku a na takto vytvořený vlasec 2 U® nanesená polovodivá vrstva 7 hrůbky 5 yum, vytvořená zo zmesi grafitu a vodivých sadzí s veíkostou častíc 5 /um. Vonkajší priemer vlasca 1 je 0,16 mm a elektrický odpor vlasca 1 je 700 kň.n’. Vlasce 1 sú uložené paralelné “ ~~ p a opatřené tenkou vr,štvou 2 polovodivého EPDM s vnútoraým elektrickým odporom 2.10 A. cm. Vonkajší priemer jadra je 2 mm a jeho elektrický odpor je 13 kh.n^!. Izolácia 3 kábla je zo zmesi EPDM kaučuku a plášt 4 kábla je zo zmesi chloroprénového kaučuku. Vonkajší priemer kábla je 7 mm.The core of the ignition cable is composed of 54 lines 2. The carrier element 5 of the line 2 consists of 400 glass fibers with a fiber diameter of 7 µm, which are embedded in a circular profile. The surface of each of the fishing line 2 J '6 impregnant impregnated ^much of high adhesion chloroprene rubber, and the thus formed two U ® line deposited semiconducting layer 7 Thickness 5 Yum, formed from a mixture of graphite and carbon black, the particle size of 5 / um. The outer diameter of the line 1 is 0.16 mm and the electrical resistance of the line 1 is 700 kN '. The lines 1 are laid parallel to a thin film, semiconductive EPDM, with an internal electrical resistance of 2.10 A. cm. The outer diameter of the core is 2 mm and its electrical resistance is 13 kh.n ^! . The insulation of the 3 cable is from EPDM rubber and the cable sheath 4 is from chloroprene rubber. The outer diameter of the cable is 7 mm.

Příklad 2Example 2

Jádro zapaíovacieho kábla je zložené z 30 paralelné uložených vlascov 2» ktorých nosný prvok 5 je vytvořený zo 400 sklených vlákien o priemere jednotlivého vlákna 6 /um. Vlákna sú stočené do kruhového profilu. Každý vlasec 2 je preimpregnovaný impregnantom 6 z vysokoadhézneho akrylátového kopolyméru s obchodným označením SOKRAT 924 s prídavkom vodivých sadzí typ CHBZACARB s celkovým vnútorným odporom 20 A.cm. Na povrchu vlasca 2 je nanesená polovodivá vrstva 7 hrůbky 6 ^um z grafitu s veíkostou častíc 2 yum. Vonkajší priemer takto vytvořeného vlasca 2 j® 0,16 mm a elektrický odpor vlasca 2 j® 500 kAm“¹. Vlasce 2 sú uložené paralelné a opláštované tenkou vrstvou 2 silikonového kaučuku s vnútorným elektrickým odporom 6A.cm. Vonkajší priemer jadra je 1,8 mm a elektrický odpor jadra je 12 kA.m“¹. Izolácia 4 a plášt 5 zapaíovacieho kábla je z teplovzdorného PVC.The core of the ignition cable is composed of 30 parallel laid lines 2, whose carrier element 5 is made of 400 glass fibers with a single fiber diameter of 6 µm. The fibers are twisted into a circular profile. Each line 2 is pre-impregnated with impregnant 6 of a high-adhesion acrylic copolymer of the trade designation SOKRAT 924 with the addition of conductive carbon black type CHBZACARB with a total internal resistance of 20 A.cm. A 6 µm graphite semiconductive layer 7 with a particle size of 2 µm is deposited on the surface of the line 2. The outer diameter of the fishing line thus formed j® 0.16 mm 2, and the electrical resistance of the fishing line 2 To j® 500 ^'1. The lines 2 are arranged parallel and sheathed with a thin layer 2 of silicone rubber having an internal electrical resistance of 6A.cm. The outer diameter of the core is 1.8 mm and the electrical resistance of the core is 12 kA.m ^-1 . The insulation 4 and the ignition cable sheath 5 are made of heat-resistant PVC.

Zapalovací kábel s polovodivým jadrom podía vynálezu nájde uplatnenie v automobilovom priemysle, najma při aplikácii v zážihových motoroch.The ignition cable with a semiconductor core according to the invention will find application in the automotive industry, especially when applied in spark ignition engines.

Claims

CS 272 620 B1 In the case of ignition cables designed for transmission of electrical impulses of higher voltage, the core may be provided with a thin extruded semiconducting layer which will ensure the reduction of electrical stress at the core interface with the insulation. Further advantages of the invention can also be attributed to the fact that the proposed cable can also be applied to new motors with a higher thermal load up to 120 ° C, respectively. up to 180 ° C. 1 is a perspective view of the igniter cable having a fibrous core formed from the lines 2, the thin extruded half-layer 2, the insulation 3 and the jacket 4 being shown in FIG. the pre-impregnated core line 2 of the ignition cable with the parallel support elements 5 of the fibers and the semiconductive surface layer 7. The essence of the solution is illustrated by two examples of a particular embodiment of the invention. Example 1 The core of the ignition cable is composed of 54 lines 2 «Line support element 5 consists of 400 glass fibers with a fiber diameter of 7 µm which are placed in a circular profile. The surface of each line 2 is impregnated with impregnant 6 from high a 5 µm semiconducting layer 7, formed from a mixture of graphite and conductive carbon black with a particle size of 5 µm, is applied to the line 2 formed by the adhesive chloroprene rubber. The outer diameter of the pile 1 is 0.16 mm and the electrical resistance of the line 1 is 700 kN. The line 1 is parallel to each other provided with a thin layer 2 of semiconducting BPLI with an internal electrical resistance of 2.10 A. cm. the core is 2 mm and its electrical resistance is 13 kh.n "!. The insulation of the 3 cable is a mixture of EPDM rubber and the cable jacket 4 is made of a mixture of chloroprene rubber. The outer diameter of the cable is 7 mm. Example 2 The core of the ignition cable is composed of 30 parallel-mounted lines 2, the supporting element 5 of which is made of 400 glass fibers with a single fiber diameter of 6 µm. The fibers are rolled into a circular profile. Each line 2 is pre-impregnated with impregnant 6z of a high-strength acrylate copolymer with the trade name SOKEAT 924 with addition of wild carbon black type CHEZACAEB with a total internal resistance of 20 A.cm. On the surface of line 2, a semiconductive layer 7 of ridge 6 µm of graphite having a particle size of 2 µm is applied. The outer diameter of the line 2 thus formed is 0.16 mm and the electrical resistance of line 2 is 500 kUm. 1. The lines 2 are placed parallel and sheathed with a thin layer 2 of silicone rubber with an internal electrical resistance of 6A.cm. The outer diameter of the core is 1.8 mm and the electrical resistance of the core is 12 kA.m “1. The insulation 4 and the ignition cable sheath 5 are made of heat-resistant PVC. The semiconductor core ignition cable according to the invention finds application in the automotive industry, especially when used in spark ignition engines. SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION

1. Ignition cable with a fibrous core, insulation of crosslinked polyethylene or an EPBI-based composition, optionally silicone rubber, and a chloroprene rubber or PVC-based mantle, characterized in that the semiconductor core of the ignition cable consists of parallel deposited lines (1), with a support element (5) formed of fibers with a maximum ductility of 3%, impregnated with an impregnating agent (6) of a high-adhesion elastomer or plastic having a ductility of at least 50% and a semiconductive layer (7) with an internal electrical resistance of 1.10 -2A.cm to 1 A.cm, thickness 1 to 20 µm, applied to the surface of the lines (1).

2. A fibrous core ignition cable according to claim 1, characterized in that the lines (1) are impregnated with an impregnating agent (6) of a high-adhesion elastomer or plastic with the addition of conductive particles, with an internal electrical resistance greater than 2 A.cm. 1 drawing