CS264006B1 - Device for scanned optical signals' processing during surface checking along line - Google Patents

Description

264006 1

Ha3BaHne Η3θ6ρετβΗΗΗ

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Cjienyioiuee ycTkolikcTBo hjih οηΗΚΗΗΚΗ CKaHHpyeMbix οπτηηθοκηχ CHrHajioB npencTaBJie-ho b onHcaHHH θ3θ6ρετεκΗΗ DE-AS 2601369.

,ΕτοΒοε πητηο, κοτοροε npoeKTHpyeTCH Ha npenMeT, ποετοπΗΗο nepenBHraroniHHCH 264006 2

Bnepep. B aasncHMocTH οτ προφηρη noBepxHocTHnpep, MeTa CBeTOBoe πητηο οτκποηηθτοη m ocTaBaaeT Ha φοτοπΒθΗκθ caep, no roto-poMy mo »ho cflejian saKjnweHne o noBepxHocTH. B US-PS 4,013,367 ycT at least cBB, b cope c noMOipbro aasepnoro ayqa, MHoror.paHHoro 3epxaaa, pa3anqHbix sepiraa n ρ τ κ K CKaHHpyroTca noaocKaMHc nocaepyromene opeHKON noBepxHocTH npepMeroB; Αετεκτορω npn stom perncTpupyroT You HHTeHCHBHOCTb CBera, 0Tpa «eH ~ Horo na3epHoro ayqa, KOTopaa nocTynaeT c paHHoň noaocw.

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Phc.2 IIpHMep βηποπηθηηη OflHoň oTo6paacatomeň onranecKoň chctgmh. ''

Ha pHC.1. noKa3aHO ycT leastcTBo, npencTaBHHiomee cocho ochobhyio κοΗροπρΗΐόHgoSpaxeHHH. Oho coctoht H3 onTHnecKoň CHCTeMbi 1 CBeTOflejiHTena 2 3JieMeHTa nOrjIOmeHHH 3 φΟΚγΟΗΡγΚΗΙΙβΗ ΟΠΤΗΚΗ 4 φθ'ΓΟ3Π6ΚΤρθΗΗΟΓΟ npHHHMaromerO 3JieMeHTa 5 φ0Τ03ΗβΚΤρ0ΗΗ0Γ0 ΠΡΗ6ΜΗΟΓΟ yCTpOHCTBa C 3ΠΘΜβΗΤ0Μ KOMneHCapHH 6 7 8 φοκγοΗργιοικθ # οπτηκη η Φοτοβπθκτροηηογο npnHHMaioinero 3JieMeHTa 9 and TaxweopeHHBaromeH shgktpohhkh 10th Ποοηθαηβη Meet ycHJiHTejib 11 oahh peryjiHpyeMbiň ycHJiHTejib · 12h 3βθηο flejieHHH 13th Sjigmght norjiomeHHH 3 pacnojiojseH -fcáRi htoero nepěRHHH noBepxHocTb JieatHT b rmocKocTH H3o6paaceHHH onTHHGCKoň'éHCTGMbi 1.Ha nero ποοτροΗΗο oToĎparaeTCH cKaHHpyeMbiň cHrHan 14th Stot cHrHan 14 m «» gt6bITb npHCTaBJíHH B BHfle CBeTOBOň TOHKH ΗΠΗ CBSTOBOň CTpOKH. BcHGflCTBHe H3MG-HGHHfl nOJlOJKeHHH HJIH ΠροφΗΗΗ HCCJieflYGMOň nOBGpXHOCTH npOBGpHGMOrO TGJia H3MG-HHGTCH nOJlOatGHHG CHTHaJia BMGCTG C 14 H TGM nOJIOJKGHHG OToBpaíKGHHH 3Τ0Γ0cHrHajia 15 14 Ha nornomarameM sjigmghtg 3 βθρτηκηΛβηο to ctpokg. B 33bhChmocthOT BGJIHHHHbl Η3ΠΡ3ΒΠβΗΗΗ H3MGHGHHH ΠΟΠΟΚβΗΗΗ OToSpajKGHHB 15 CHrHajia 14 H3 “3a BO3paCTaraiHGro SJGMGHTa BGpTHKajIbHO. The CTPOKG npHMGHHGTCH HHTGHCHBHOCTbCB6T3, KOTopan npoxoflHT HGp63 nornomaioniHH sjigmght 3 c h noMOíiíbio φοκγοκργιο-OíGH ΟΠΤΗΚΗ 4 PGrHCTpHpyGTCB HGpG3 φθΤ OSJIGKTpOHHblft ΠρΗΗΗΜ3ΙΟΙΐχΗΗ 3JIGMGHT fifth BGJIHHHHa BbIXOflHOrO ΟΗΓΗ3Π3 3Τ0ΓΟ ΦΟΤΟΒΠΘΚΤΡΟΗΗΟΓΟ ΠρΗΗΗΜ3Κ) ΠΙΘ ΓΟ 3JIGMGHT3 5HaXOflHTCH B nponOPPHOHaJIbHOH 3aBHCHMOCTH OT H3M6HGHHH nOJlOJKGHHH CHrHajia 14 T.6. HaXOflHTCH B φγΗΚΗΗΟΗΘΠΒΗΟίί CBH3H norJIOIUGHHGM ΠΟΓΠΟΠ C ^ H ΙΟΙΙίθΓΟ SJIGMGHTa3 H3MGHGHHGM nOJIOJKGHHH CHrHajja 14th ECJIH B KaHCCTBG CHrHana 14 npHMGHHGT "CH CBGTOBan CTpOI <A, that B T3KOM CJiyHaG perHCTpHpyeTCH H3MGH6HHG nOJIOJKGHHHBCGň CBGTOBOň CTpOKH, HTO O3HáHaGT PGrHCTpapHK) H3MGHGHHH TGOMGTpHH npOBGpH gmol-Tena. Πρκ npocTpaHCTBeňHOM h bpgmghhom Η3ηη3μβηηηη οβθτοβμχ τοηθκ bKaHGCTBG CHrnaJia B03MO 14) Kho ΗΤΟ βγ, π, γτ ΟΠΟ3ΗβΗω OTKJIOHGHHfl OT HflGaJIbHOHnoBepxHocTHOťi cTpyKTypbi Ha bgjihhhhy, paBHyio flHaMGTpy cbgtoboh tohkh. Ujih bm-pafiaTblBaHHH CBGTOBMX TOHGK ΒΜΓΟΠΗΟ npHMGHBTb Jia3GPHblfi CBGT. B ΠΡΗΗΗΗΠ6 3ΤΟ 264006 yCTpoňCTBO npHMeHHeTCH φΙΗ OlíeHKH HHTe HC HBHOCTH CBet B φορΜβ CTpOXH ΗΠΗΤΟΗΧΗ, ΗΗφθρΜ3ΐχΗΗ O XOTOpOH COflepBITCH H3MeHeHHH B 'ΠΟΠΟί (εΗΗΗ. B KaqecTBe sneMeHTa norjlouxeHHH 3 Μοτκετ πρημθηητκη κπηηοβη, ηηηη nnaTa C night service station, TOHHHblM Κ03φφΗΙ ^ ΘΗΤ0Μ ΠΟΓΗΟΙίχεΗΗΗ ΠρΗ ΟΗΗΟΗ Η TOH Ice ŤOHIHHHe MaTepHHJia (flBOŘ-HOH ΚΠΗΗ, ΗΜείΟΙίχΗΗ φορΜγ Tena c nnocxonapannoJibHbíMH 6οκοβμμη CTOpoHaMH, NPW-QEM TOJibKO ορ, ηη kjihh JweeT ποοτοηηημη κο3ΦΦηηηθητ norjioiiieHHH, hjih ruiocKona-pajineBBHaH nnaTa c B03pacTaromHM κοοφφΗΐΐΗεΗτοΜ nornomeHHH. M3M6HeHne κοοφφΗ-pn6HTa nornomeHHH MOíceT ocymecTBJíHTbca jihhshho , CTynennaTO hhh no npyroMyCBoSoflHo BbiSpaHHoMy φyHκ ^ HOHanbHOMy 3axoHy. H CBH3H C BblXOfíHblM CUTHajIOM ΟΐχεΗΗΒβΜΗΙΟΗ 3JIé? KTpoHHKH 10 MĚXflyonTHqecKoň chctgmoh 1H nornomaiomHM sneMeHTOM 3 pacnonoíceH CBeTonenHTenb 2.Oh peφneκτHpyeτ nacTh CBet Ha φοτο3ηεκτροΗΗοε npHeMHoe ycrpoftCTBo 6, Koto-POE HaxoflHTCH b nnocxocTH H3o6paKeHHH pa3p, eneHH0ro nyna 'and taxis nocTaBna-er CHrHaji cpaBHeHHH. Htom men OflHHaKOBbje οπτηβοοκηθ h anexTpoHHbie coot-hoiuehhh b pa3peneHHOM h Hepa3fleneHHOM now, sneweHTbi βμγοαηο ckoHCTpyHpo-BaTb oflHHaKOBO. HcxmoneHiie npn one hundred meters npencTaBnneT co6oh nornomaromHň βηομοητ3, 3KBHBaneHT κοτοροΓο KOMneHcaHHOHHbiK gjieMeHT 7 HMeroqHH τε XE pa3Mepbi, kanecTBo MaTepnana nonoMHHe h b a> κε BpeMH He Meet flonojiHHTejibHoro oxo-3φφΚ1 (Η6ΗΤ3 ΠΟΓΠΟίίχθΗΗΗ.

IeItHeToSeTCH Bo3MoMeMH xBeTeBe onTHnecxoH 1 ο 1 n n n n n 3 H H H 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3. Second Kom6hh3ijhh hhh3 coctoht H3 nepsoncoSHpaTenbHoň JiHH3bi 16 pacceiíBaromeň πηη3η 17 h btopob co6npaTejibHoň nHH3bi18, npHHGM aaflHHH MHHMblH φθΚ ^ Ο paCCeHBatOUíeft HHH3bI 17 HaXOflHTCfl B rinoeKOCTHH3o6pa »ehhh nepBoň coBiipaTenbiioH πηη3η 16 nepeqHHH cboxyc btopoh co6Hpa-TejibHoň JiHH3bi 18 - b nepenneM mhhmom ftoxyce pacceHBaromeň hhh 17 hb nnoc-KOCTH H3o6pa3KeHHH BTOPOH CO6npaTeJIbHOH JIHH3bI HaXOflHTCf1 nornoinioinin 3JT6MGHT3. 3το ycTponcTBO ημθθτ to npeHMymecTBo, hto n3MeHenne nonoíceHHH oToSpance-hhh 15 CHrHana 14 fíonbiue, tom b πθρβομ BapwaHTe, npencTaBneHHOM Ha pne. 1.Πρκ stom BO3pacTaeT pa3pematomaa cnocodHOCTb ycTidedcTBa. Bpyroe npeuMymecT b-bo that HTO onranecKan OCB oahofo οτκποηθηηογο nyna-neíCHT Bcerpa BepTH κ-xajibHo nnomapu nornomammero 3jigmght3 third 06pa6oTxa cHrHanoB ocymecTBnaeTCH oueHHBatoiueň 3ηθκτροηηκοη 10 xoTopan co-HepjKHT ycHHHTenb 11 perynupyeMsiH ycwiHTenb 12h nenHTenbHoe 3bgho 13th YCH-JiHTertH 11, 12 cowHeHbí c BbixonaMH φοτοΒηεκτροΗΗωχ βπθμθητοβ 5, 9 BXO hc / jomflejiHTenbHoro 3βθμ 13th YcHneHHbiH βμχοαηοη οηγηββ φοτοοηεκτροΗΗΟΓο npHHHMafo 3JieMéHTa mero 5-b penHTenbHOM 3BeHe fleraTcs Ha ycHneHHbiň Bbixonnoň CHFHanφθΤΟ3ΗεΚΤρρΗΗΟΓΟ npHHHMaromerO SJÍGMGHTa ninth BCHGflCTBHG peneHHH KOMneHCHpyiOTCHKOHO6aHHH HHŤeHCHBHOCTH CHrHana, KOTOPblG BbI3bIBaiOTCH ΚΟΠθδΗΗΗΗΜΗ HHTGHCHBHOC- th HcroTHHKa CBeTa hhh pa3JinqHbiMH ρεφηεκοΗΟΗΗΜΜΗ hhh pacceHBaiouiHMH OTHOnie-hhhmh HccjieflyeMoň noBepxHocTH oBtexTa. B πρηΗΐχΗπε BO3MOíceH Taxis cnocoS pa3-HOCTH BbIXOflHbIX CHTHajIOB. Ho ΠΗΗ STOM npeflnonaraeTCH, HTO HHTeHCHBHOCTb CBe-Ta ocTaeTCH iioctohhhoh. Βηχορ, ηοη οηγηαπ nemiTeiibHoro 3BeHa 13 κοτορωπ BbiflaeTCH η, πη panbHeňuieH O6-paSoTKH h perHCTpapHH, riponopnuoHaneH nornomeHHio nornomaiomero sneMeHTa 3 btom MecTG, engraves npepcTaBneHo oTo6paí <eHH.e 15 cicaHHpyeMoro CHrHana 14 h BMecTec τεΜ nponopHHOHaneH BejiraHe H3MeHeHHH ποηο? ΚεΗΗΗ. JÍMeeTCH taxis BO3MOíCHOcTbBbixoflHoň ciirHaji perynHpyeMoro ycnnuTejia 12 qepe3 cpaBHeHHe c οπρεχχεηεΗΗΜΜnOCTOBHHblM ΟΗΓΗβΠΟΜ ΠρΒΒΠεΒΒ ΠΡΗΜΟ peryiIHpOBXe X-Y CH Κ03φφΧϊΙΙΗεΗΤ3 yCHneHHH jiHTeJia 11 b pe3ynbTaTe qero προΗ3Βοηητοπ xoMneHcaííHH xoneSaHHň HHTeHCHBHOc-th, and nocPepyromuM fleneHneM npeHéóperaioT. Bjih προΒερχκ, h BbipaBHHBanHH xone- 264006 - 5 - 6aHHH napaMerpoB cHrHanbHbix oTBeTBJiHHnh oTBeTBneHHH οηγηηποβ cpaBHeHHHcjiyjKHT pery.riHpyeMi> ift ycHnHTenb 12.

OopMyaa HsoSpeTeHHH first ycTpoňcTBO PNN o.CpaÓoTKH οπτηηθοκηχ cKaiiHpyeMbix CHrnanoB πρπ npoBepxenOBepXHOCTH BflOJIb CTPOKH, B KOTOpOM HMeeTCH ΟΠΤΗΗΘΟΚΒΗ CHCTeMa ftJIH oto-. · 6paateHHH cKaHHpyeMbix CHmanoB ot ποβθρχηοοτη b CTpoxy nnocKocTH H3o6pa-ικθηηη, xapaKTepH3OBaHO τθμ, ητο b iuiockocth H3o6pa »Ehhh οπτηηθοκογο cnr -nána HaxoflHTCH nornomaiomHH βηθμθητ c nornomeHHeM, it BO3pacTaroiUHM BepTHKanb-κ cTpoxe, 3areM (froKycupyromaa οπτηκη η φοτοθηεκτροΗΗΗή npHHHMaroiUHň. 3J16M6HT tue j Ha riyTH nyna nepep βπθμθητομ nornomsHHH npepycMOTpeH CBet-penHTenb ab iuiockocth H3o6paaceHHH pa3peneHHoro nyua npepycMOTpeHO φοτο-3JieKTpoHiioe npHeMHoe ycTpoňcTBO h hto pna coepHHeHHH npHHHMaiomero ane-MGHTa H CHrHana, BbipaSoTaHHOrO ΠρΗΘΜΗΜΜ yCTpoíCTCTMOM Ρ ΡΠΗ BblpaBHHBaHHHKOJieSaHHa ηητθηοηβηοοτη b njiocKocTH H3o6pa »eHHH HMC.eTca opeHHBaiomaH 3nei <-TpOHHKa. ícTBo well N.1 oTJiHnaeTca τθμ, HTO b KaqecTBe aneMeHTa nornomeHHHHMeeTCH nnaTa, KnnHoo6pa3HaH b ποπθρθηηομ ceueHHH c ποοτοηηηημ κοοφφΗρΗ-eHToM nornomeHHH NPN ophoh Toi h? E τηππι, ηηθ MaTepnana. Third ycTpoňcTBO well N.1 OTjiHnaeTCH τθμ, HTO b KanecTse noraomaioiuero sneMeHTa'HMeeTCH ΠΒΟΗΗΟΗ KJIHH B φορΜΘ Telia C napaJIJiejIbHblMH GOKOBblMH CTOpOHaMH, ΠρΗΗΘΜ nepBblň KPHH ΗΜΘΘΤ nOCTOHHHblň ΚΟ3φφΗΡΗΘΗΤ nornomeHHH H BTOPOH KJIHH • He HMeeT pononHHTenbHoro: κοβΦΦΗρηθητη nornomeHHH. Fourth ycTpoňcTBO well N.1 oTPHqaeTCH.τθμ, HTO b KaqecTBe nornomaromero sneMeHTaHMeeTCH nnocKonapannenbHan nnaTa c B03pacTaromHM κοθΦΦηρηθητομ nornomeHHH 5. YcrpoftcTBo well n.1-4, OTnnqaeTCH τθμ, HTO KanecTBe nornomaromero aneMeH b Ta c-BO3pacTaromHM κοθΦΦηρηθητομ nornomeHHH ημθθτοη nornomaromHň aneMeHT cocTyneHnaTbiM Η3μθηθηηθμ κοθΦΦηρηθητθ nornomeHHH. Sixth ycTpoňcTBO well n.1-5, oTunnaeTcn τθμ, HTO b KanecTBe onTosneKTpoHHoro NPH eMHoro ycTpoňcTBa πρημθηηθτοη KOMneHCHpyromnň sneMeHT b iuiockocth H3o6pa-κθηηη pa3peneHHoro nyqa c nocnepyromeň φο ^ ^ οι-ιρ οω, βίϊ οπτκκοή η Φοτοβρθκτ-ΡΟΗΗΗΜ npHHHMaromHM yCTpoňCTBOM . 7th ycTpoňcTBO well n.6, oTnunaeTcn τθμ, .ητο b KanecTBe KOMneHCHpyromero sneMeH-Ta HMeeTCH 3KBHBaneHT nornomaromero aneMeHTa, pa3Mepbi, KaqecTBo Mamepnanah nonoHceiiHe κοτορογο ηρθητηηημ nornomaromeMy sneMeHTy him one hundred meters npn He HMP-Romero ροποπηητθπβηογο κοθφφκρΗβΗΤΗ ΠΟΓΠΟίηεΗΗΗ. 8th ycTpoHCTBO no n. 1-7 oTjmwaeTCH τθμ, HTO b KaqecTBe οπτηηθοκοη CHC-Tempe npHMeiiHeTCH nepBan co6HpaTenbHan nHHsa, nocnepyroman pacceHBaiomannHH3a h BTopan coSnpaTenbHaH nHH3a, πρηηθμ 3apHHH μηημηη φοκγο pacceHBaro MEH-HHH3bI HaXOflHTCH B IUIOCKOCTH H3O6pa> KeHHH nepBOH CoSHpaTenbHOH nHH3bI, nepepHHH BTopoft coGHpaTenbHoíí ΠΗΗ3Η - b nepepnem μηημομ φο ^ οε pac-CeHBatomeH ηπΗ3Μ hb nnocKocTH H3o6pa3KeHHH Βτοροϋ cofiHpaTenbHOH nHH3bi nonomaromero sneMeHTa. - 6-264006 ninth YcTpoňcTBo no n.1 - 8 orannaeTCH τθμ, HTO ujih βμρββρ'τβηηηη KoneOaHHň HH-b TeHCHBHocTH oneHHBatoiueň BJieKTpoHnke HMeeTCH nejiHTenbHoe 3βθηο, πρηηθμnepBblft BXOfl COeflHHeH C npHHHMaiOIUHM SneMeHTOM and BTOpoň BXOfl COeflHHeH cnpneMHbíM ycTpoňcTBOM. 10, at least one or more of these cTpoxa HMeeT npocTpaucTBeHHoeh BpeMeHHoe HaHH3HBaHHe cBeTOBbix τσηεκ.

SaKjnoneHne ÍÍ3o6peTeHne KacaeTcs ycTpoňcTaa «on oCpaOoTKH οπτηηθοκηχ CKaHHpyeMMX CHťHa-jiob βαοπβ ctpokh, κοτοροε moxgt πρημθηητβοη npeHMymecTBeHHO b asToMaTHnecKHpaSoTaromnx H3MepHTejibHo-ncnbiTaTenbHo-κοητροπβημχ cHCTeMax, ηηΦορμηαηη koto-pbix COflepXHTCH B Η3ΜΘΗΘΗΗΗ ΠΟ-ΠΟΧβΗΗΗ OToOpaaceHHH ΒΠΘΜεΗΤΟΒ ctpokh nnoc B-KocTb H3o6pa» ehhh. Hejib H3o6peTeHHH b tom, hto6m co3 «aTb ycT leastcTBO, c no-Moiubio κοτοροΓο MO3KHO SbicTpo h HaflewHo ocymecTBJWiTh o6pa6oTKy οπτηηθοκηχ cxa-HHpyeMblX CHTHajIOB.

FjiaBHblMH COCTaBHblMH HacTHMH yCTpoftCTBa HBJIHK3TCB OTOOpaxatOMaH OnTHneCKafl CMC “Now, nornoinaiomHH sneMeHT c BO3pacTaromnM nornoqeHHeM, φρτο3πεκτρόΗΗωή πρηηη-. CnpoeflHpoBaHHaH Ha ο a po po po po po po po po po po po po po po b b b b b b b b Ha Ha Ha Ha Ha Ha Ha Ha Ha Ha Ha Ha. BcJieflCΤΒΗΘ ΜΘΗΘΗΗ3ΜΘΗΘΗΗΠ ΠΟ · ΠT OTOSpajKeHHH H3MeHHeTCH B 33BHCH — MOCTH OT ΤΟΓΟ H3M6HeHHH HHTeHCHBHOCTh CBeTa, npOXOflHmero Η6ρθ3 nomotuatonfllňsneMeHT. OoTosneKŤpoHHbiň npHHHMaroinflH aneMeHT coaflaeT HB θτογο sneKTpHnecKHeCHrHanbl, KOTOpbie B OneHHBaromeň 3ΠβΚΤρθΗΗΚβ CBH3b! Ba! 0TCH C 3JieKTPHHeCKHMH CH-HanaMH φοτο3ηεκτροΗΗθΓθ πρηθμηογο ycTpoňcTBa, HaxoflnmerocH Ha nyTH pá3fleneH-ηογο nyna CBeTOflenHTejia 6E3 nornomaroinero aneMeHTa h oSpaGaTbiBaroTCH, npH3Hano H3o6peTeHneM well pe3ynbTaTaM 3xcnepTH3bi, ocymecTBneHHoň BeflOMCTBOMno flenaM H3o6peTeHHň h nareHTOB rflP. 2 nepTexa

Claims (10)

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION 264006 1 · Apparatus for processing sensed optical signals in a surface inspection along a line in which an optical system is located to reflect the pleated signals from the surface plane of the image plane, characterized in that the absorbing element (3) is absorbing in the plane of the visual signal , increasing vertically to the line, focusing the optic (4) and the photoelectronic receiving element (5), wherein a light divider (2) is disposed on the beam path in front of the absorbing element (3) and photo-electron receiving reception is located in the plane of the split beam image a device (6), wherein the evaluation electronics (10) are coupled to combine the signal from the receiving element (5) and the signal generated in the photoelectric receiving device (6) and to compensate for the variation in intensity in the display plane. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the absorbing element (3) forms a wedge plate in a cross-section with a constant absorption coefficient at the same material thickness. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the absorbing element (3) forms a double wedge of a single body shape with parallel side walls, the first wedge having a constant absorption coefficient and the other wedge having no additional absorption coefficient. TO 4. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the absorbent element (3) forms a planar parallel plate with increasing absorption efficiency. -8.- 264006 5. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the absorption element (3) with increasing absorption coefficient is formed by an absorbing element (3a) with a gradually varying absorption coefficient. 6. Apparatus according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the optical-electronic receiving device (6) forms a compensating compensating element (7) located in the plane of the split beam, with further focusing optics (8) and a photoelectronic receiving device ( 9). 7. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the compensating element (7) is equivalent to the absorbing element (3), the dimensions, the quality of the material and the properties being identical to the absorbing element (3) but without additional co-absorption coefficient. . 8. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical system is formed by a first clutch (16), a further dispersion (17) and a second clutch (18), wherein the rear focus of the dispersion (17) is in the first plane the clutch (16), the front focal point of the second clutch (18) is in the front focal point of the diffuser (17) and in the plane of depiction of the second clutch (18) is the absorber (3a). 9. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the equalization of the intensity variation in the evaluation electronics (10) is a dividing member (13), the first input (a) being a connection of the receiving element (5) and the second input (b) being connected with receiving device (6). -9 - 264006 10. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the order has spatial and temporal alignment of light points.