CS263295B1 - Building material with increased abrasion resistance - Google Patents

Abstract

Building material with increased abrasion resistance and uses high strengths according to the solution quartz grains covered with a layer crystalline silicon carbide, diffuse associated with quartz grain. Enlarged the specific surface of the quartz thus treated the grain ensures in addition to increased abrasion resistance as well as increased cohesion of the grain with binder and thus also increased surface strength. Building material is suitable for creating high solid stepping and traveling layers with high abrasion resistance, both in factory halls, warehouses and ramps, as well as in road and railway construction. The building material is not only usable when but also in prefabrication. Several inorganic examples are given in the description and / or organic binders. These examples are far from exhausting application possibilities of mass.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an abrasion-resistant building material intended for surface treatment of building structures, prepared predominantly as a dry prefabricated material with inorganic and / or organic binders.

Numerous ways are known to increase the surface strength of building structures and their abrasion resistance. They consist mainly in coating abrasion-resistant materials such as steel shot, cast iron grit, crushed artificial corundum or sintricorundum, silicon carbide, crushed quartz or sand into the wilted surface of the concrete structure, possibly enriched with the addition of binder on floors etc. masses that are applied to the wilted surface of the concrete underlay. Most of these materials consist of an inorganic binder and mixtures of abrasion-resistant fillers of various granulometry.

The disadvantage of these compositions is that their adhesion is due only to the adhesive bonding to the abrasion-resistant filler at a relatively small specific surface of the filler formed by smooth crushed surfaces or by a smooth spherical surface of grains of quartz sand. Their strength and abrasion resistance are directly proportional to the adhesion of the abrasion-resistant grain to the binding cement. The specific surface of these fillers is given by their origin, whether they are production (crushed filler) or natural (quartz sands). Just as the specific surface of the filler grain also affects the strength of the building material, especially in tensile and flexural tensile strength.

These disadvantages are overcome by a building material according to the invention which contains 4 to 96% by weight of silica grains, the surface of which is 7 to 31% by weight of crystalline silicon carbide, diffused to the silica grain.

The building material may contain additional abrasion resistance of the filler such as artificial corundum, silicon carbide, quartz, cast iron grit or steel shot, as well as additives affecting the mechanical-physical and technological properties of the material such as plasticizers and liquids, retention aids, retarders or binders , solidification catalysts, leveling and defoaming agents, additives and admixtures increasing adhesion to the substrate and the cohesion of the mass.

The building material according to the invention has the indisputable advantage that crystalline silicon carbide formed in the electrothermal reaction of silica (quartz sand) with carbon increases the specific surface area of the quartz grain and thereby increases its cohesion with the binder in addition to adhesive forces and mechanical anchoring of the binder. in the grain surface. In addition, silicon carbide, diffused to the silica grain, increases the abrasion resistance of the silica grain.

For this reason, the cohesion of the formulated building material is considerably higher, which results not only in increased material strength but also in increased resistance of the abrasion-resistant grains to loosening from the binder bed.

Concrete composition and use of building materials examples that are far from exhausting all according to the invention is demonstrated in several fields of application. Example 1 A dry prefabricated mass was prepared about this composition. Quartz grains with Sic surface (0.25 / 3.15 mm) 4.4 wt. Quartz sand (1.6 / 3.15 mm) 35.5 »wt. Cast iron grit (0.25 / 3.15 mm) 17.8 wt. Sintrkorundóvá drt (0.25 / 3.15 mm) 15.6 wt. Brown corundum % (0 / 0.5 mm) 4.8 wt. PC 400 20.1 wt.

Liquid retentant

1.4 wt. 0.5 wt.

and spread on the surface of floor concrete of class B 35 shortly after the beginning of concrete setting in a thickness of approx. 4 mm and coated in the base with a vibrating strip. The samples taken for the tests showed the following characteristics:

Days: 7 14 28 Bulk density kg.m ^-3 2,843 2,824 2.7 Bending tensile strength MPa 3.7 6.9 10.7 compressive strength MPa 32.6 43.3 80.2 3-2 Abrasion (Bohm) cm.50 cm - 7.7 5.7

Example 2

A dry prefabricated mass was prepared and processed according to the technology described in the Example. 1 The composition had the following composition:

Cream. grains with SiC surface (0.25 / 3.15 mm) (1.6 / 3.15 mm) 21.2 wt. 18.8 wt. FP quartz sand 6 Cast iron grip (0.25 / 3.15 mm) 2.2 wt. Sintrkorund (0 / 3.15 mm) 2.7 wt. Brown corundum (0 / 3.15 mm) 28.4 wt. Corundum dust (below 0.09 mm) 5.1 wt. PC 400 18.5 wt. Ztekutivo 1.5 wt. Retention additive 0.5 wt. Redispersible dry dispersion 1.3 wt.

Samples taken from the mass exhibited the following characteristics:

Days -3 Bulk density kg.m 7 2,734 14 2,695 28 2,614 4 Bending tensile strength PMa 7.1 13.7 16.1 Talc strength MPa 42.3 66.7 92.6  3 -2 Abrasion (Bohm) cm .50 cm - 5.2 3.1

In addition, a reference sample was prepared in which quartz grains with a SiC surface were replaced by quartz grains without this surface (sand FP 6) and processed in the same manner. The samples exhibited the following characteristics:

Days 7 14 28 Bulk density kg.m “ ³ 2,701 2,662 2.5 Bending tensile strength MPa 5.6 8.9 10.3 Compressive strength MPa 30.1 55.4 79.4 3-2 Abrasion (Bohm) cm .50 cm - 7.2 5.9

Example 1 and d 3

A plaat-concrete layer of thickness of approx. 12 mm made of the following composition:

Quartz grains and SiC surface with special granulometry 0/4 95,85% wt.

Low molecular weight epoxy binder including leveling and defoaming agent

4.15 t

Along with the buffer, a reference mass was prepared only from silica sands of the same granulometry and the same binder. The plated samples showed the following properties after perfect cure and heat cure of 24 h / 20 ° C and 72 h / 80 ° C:

Mass KP-SiC KP Bending tensile strength MPa 23.1 16.1 Compressive strength MPa. 67.6 53.3 Abrasion (Bfihm) cm ³ .50 cm ² 1.3 2.7

Example 4

For the surface treatment of the floor in the warehouse with forklift travel, a prefabricated dry casting compound with increased abrasion resistance of the following composition was prepared:

•Her

Quartz, grains with SiC surface (0 / 3.15 mm), 22.0% by weight.

Burning from brown corundum (0 / 3.15 mm) 19.1 ΐ wt.

Crushed limestone (/ 1 mm) 36.9 wt.

PC 475 18.9 wt.

Complex additive according to MS. AO 263 289 3.1 wt.

and mixed on site with a 1: 9 water-reactive styrene-acrylate copolymer dispersion to a dense liquid consistency and applied to a moistened concrete substrate with an average thickness of 6 mm to form a surface. After 28 days / 18 ° C, the coating had the following characteristics:

Adhesion to substrate MPa 1,05 + 0,23

Bending tensile strength MPa 9.4 + 1.06 Compressive strength Mpa 42.3 + 2,1 3-2 Abrasion (Bohm) cm .50 cm 4.6 + 0.3

Example 5

An on-site liquid mass consisting of 72 masses was prepared on site. parts of solids and 28 wt. parts of water and applied to the moistened concrete base of the warehouse. The self-flowing leveling mass created the surface. The dry mass fraction had the following composition:

Fluorohydrite ground to 0,2 mm

Quartz, grains with SiC surface (0,0 / 1,6 mm)

Burning of brown corundum (0/1)

Complex additive according to MS. AO 263 289

After 28 days, this coating had the following characteristics:

: to the base MPa 0.73 + 0.18 bending tension MPa 10.2 + 1.32 pressure MPa 33.1. + 2.27 (Bohm) ³ cm .50 ^cm 6.26 + 0.24

By replacing quartz grains with SiC surface with quartz sand of the same abrasion by 17.6 t.

56 4 wt 28 % wt 11 % wt 5 « wt

granulometry increased

The building material according to the invention can be advantageously used in the production of high-strength and abrasion-resistant treads and running layers both on-site and in prefabrication of building elements, eg staircases, flat road and rail prefabricates and the like.

Claims (4)

CLAIMS 1. An abrasion-resistant building material bonded with inorganic and / or organic binders, characterized in that it contains 4 to 96% by weight of quartz grains with a surface consisting of crystalline silicon carbide diffusively bonded to the quartz grain, wherein crystalline silicon carbide constitutes 7 to 31%. by weight of the weight of the grains. 2. Building material according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains abrasion-resistant fillers, such as artificial corundum, silicon carbide, quartz, steel or / and cast iron grit. 3. Building material according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains dyes and pigments. 4. Building material according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains additives affecting the mechanical-physical and technological properties of the material.