CS263165B1 - Cleaving liquid - Google Patents
Cleaving liquid Download PDFInfo
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- CS263165B1 CS263165B1 CS862925A CS292586A CS263165B1 CS 263165 B1 CS263165 B1 CS 263165B1 CS 862925 A CS862925 A CS 862925A CS 292586 A CS292586 A CS 292586A CS 263165 B1 CS263165 B1 CS 263165B1
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- starch
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- CXHHBNMLPJOKQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound COC(O)=O CXHHBNMLPJOKQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Natural products CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229940005740 hexametaphosphate Drugs 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 18
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012024 dehydrating agents Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
Abstract
Štiepiaca kvapalina na báze 0,6 až 1,0 hmotnostných percent karboxymetyléteru škrobu, 0,05 až 0,1 hmotnostných percent oxychloridu fosforečného alebo hexametafosforečňanu sodného na množstvo škrobu a 10 až 30 objemových percent etyl- alebo metylalkoholu a vody /do 100 obj. %/. Štiepiaca kvapalina sa používá v naftovom priemysle pri hydraulickom štiepení nízkopriepustných kolektorov živíc citlivých na styk s vodou. Má dobré reologické vlastnosti. Je použitelná do teplót cca 100 °C, dobré sa odčerpává z rozštiepeného horizontu a nekolmatuje kolektorská horninu.Cleavage liquid based on 0.6 to 1.0 weight percent carboxymethyl ether starch, 0.05 to 0.1 percent by weight phosphorous oxychloride or hexametaphosphate sodium per starch and 10 to 30 percent by volume ethyl or methanol and water / up to 100 vol. % /. Splitting liquid is used in diesel industry for hydraulic fracturing low-permeability resin collectors water-sensitive. He's good rheological properties. It is usable 100 ° C, good pumping from the split horizon and does not collapse collector rock.
Description
Vynález sa týká štiepiacej kvapaliny na báze karboxymetyléteru škrobu, ktorá sa používá pri hydraulickom štiepení nízkopriepustného horizontu vrtu, z ktorého sa ťaží zemný plyn.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a cleavage liquid based on carboxymethylether starch, which is used in the hydraulic cleavage of a low permeability well horizon from which natural gas is extracted.
Hydraulické štiepenie ako metoda stimulácie hlbinných sond sa používá na vzýšenie přítoku ložiskových živíc do vrtu vytvořením vysoko vodívej trhliny, ktorá sa šíři od vrtu do formácie a je vytváraná zatlačením štiepiacej kvapaliny do horizontu prirýchlosti začerpávania vyššej ako rýchlost filtrácie kvapaliny do horniny a pri tlaku prevyšujúcom pevnosť horniny. Štiepiace kvapaliny musia mať vhodné fyzikálně a chemické vlastnosti požadované pre tento účel. Musia mať dostatočnú viskozitu, stabilitu v čase a pri zmene teploty, nízku filtráciu, nízké hydraulické straty, nesmú kolmatovať štiepenú horninu, musia byt Iahko odbúratelné a odstránitelné z horizontu po ukončení operácie hydraulického štiepenia. Ich příprava musí byť jednoduchá a použitie ekonomicky výhodné.Hydraulic fracturing, as a method of stimulating deep wells, is used to increase the flow of bearing resins into the well by creating a highly conductive crack that extends from the well to the formation and is formed by pushing the cleavage liquid into the pumping speed horizon above the fluid filtration rate at rock and rocks. Splitting fluids must have suitable physical and chemical properties required for this purpose. They must have sufficient viscosity, stability over time and temperature changes, low filtration, low hydraulic losses, must not perpendicular to the cleaved rock, they must be easily degradable and removable from the horizon after completion of the hydraulic fracturing operation. Their preparation must be simple and economically advantageous to use.
Sú známe štiepiace kvapaliny na báze prírodných a syntetických polymérov /pólysacharidy, polyamidy, polyakryláty, polyvinylalkoholy/ připravované vo formě vodných a vodnoalkoholických roztokov. Líšia sa navzájom širokým spektrom reologických parametrov, teplotnou a časovou stabilitou. Pre zvýšenie viskozity sa tieto roztoky sietujú róznymi činidlami.Cleavable liquids based on natural and synthetic polymers / polysaccharides, polyamides, polyacrylates, polyvinyl alcohols / prepared in the form of aqueous and hydroalcoholic solutions are known. They differ in a wide spectrum of rheological parameters, temperature and time stability. To increase the viscosity, these solutions are cross-linked with various agents.
Nedostatkom niektorých polymérových štiepiacich kvapalín je značný kolmatačný účinok na nízkopriepustné horniny a silný pokles viskozity pri zvýšení teploty, dokonoa deštrukcia gélového systému, čím sa stratí schopnost kvapalín niesť plniace činidlo tzv. propant do vzniknutej trhliny. Například štiepiacia kvapalina na báze karboxymetyléteru škrobu popísaná o v patente NDR č. 683 640, Int. Cl . E 21 B 43/26, aby mala dobrú schopnost niesť propant musí sa používat vo vysokých koncentráciách polyméru, čím sa ale zvýši kolmatácia horniny.The drawbacks of some polymeric cleavage fluids are the considerable perpendicular effect on low-permeability rocks and a strong drop in viscosity as the temperature rises, even the destruction of the gel system, thereby losing the ability of the liquids to carry the so-called filler agent. proppant into the resulting crack. For example, the carboxymethyl ether starch cleavage liquid described in GDR patent no. 683 640, Int. Cl. In order to have a good proppant carrying capacity, it must be used at high polymer concentrations, but this will increase rock perpendicularity.
Ako přiklad deštrukcie gélového systému pri zvýšených teplotách uvádzame vodnoalkoholický roztok polyvinylalkoholu sletovaného boraxom /ČSSR AO č. 235 624/, ktorý v uvedenom rozsahu koncentrácií jednotlivých zložiek je použitelný do teploty 60 °C.As an example of the destruction of the gel system at elevated temperatures, a water-alcoholic solution of polyvinyl alcohol sintered by borax / ČSSR AO no. 235 624), which can be used up to 60 ° C within the stated concentration range of the individual components.
Uvedený problém rieši štiepiaca kvapalina podlá vynálezu, podstata ktorej spočívá v tom, že sa skládá z 0,6 až 1,0 % hmotnostných karboxymetyléteru škrobu, 0,05 až 0,1 % hmotnostných hexametafosforečňanu sodného alebo oxychloridu fosforečného na navážku škrobu a 10 až 30 % objemových etyl- alebo metylalkoholu, zvyšok voda.The problem is solved by the cleavage liquid according to the invention, which consists of 0.6 to 1.0% by weight of starch carboxymethylether, 0.05 to 0.1% by weight of sodium hexametaphosphate or phosphorus oxychloride and 10 to 10% of starch. 30% by volume of ethyl or methyl alcohol, the rest water.
Štiepiaca kvapalina podlá vynálezu má dobré reologické vlastnosti, sieťovaním karboxymetyléteru škrobu sa dosiahnu vyššie viskozity roztoku oproti nesieťovanému škrobu /1 % nesieťovaný - tab. 1 sa rovná cca 0,75 % sieťovanému - obr. 1/, čím sa zníži množstvo navážky škrobového polyméru v roztoku /ekonomický efekt/ pri porovnatelných reologických parametroch a tým sa zníži aj možnosť kolmatácie horniny velkým množstvom škrobu. Je použitelná do teplót okolo 100 °C, dobré nesie propant, má nízké hydraulické odpory a velmi dobré sa odčerpává z rozštiepeného horizontu.The cleavage liquid according to the invention has good rheological properties, the cross-linking of carboxymethylether of starch results in a higher solution viscosity compared to the non-crosslinked starch / 1% uncrosslinked - tab. 1 equals about 0.75% of reticulated - FIG. 1), thereby reducing the amount of starch polymer in solution (economic effect) at comparable rheological parameters and thereby reducing the possibility of rock perpendicularity with large amounts of starch. It is usable up to temperatures of about 100 ° C, good for proppant, low hydraulic resistance and very good drainage from the split horizon.
Sieťovanie karboxymetyléteru škrobu najlepšie prebieha vo vodnom roztoku 70 až 80 % objemových alkoholu. Pri nižším obsahu alkoholu reakcia sieťovania neprebieha v důsledku zvýšenej hydratácie škrobu. Preto sieťovanie sa uskutočňuje v koncentrovanom alkohole a až potom sa z reakčnej zmesi pripravujú vodné roztoky s obsahom 10 až 30 % obj. alkoholu, kedy sa dosahujú najvhodnejšie reologické parametre, vysoké viskozity kvapaliny. Vyšší obsah alkoholu v roztoku ako 30 % obj. spósobuje zníženie viskozity štiepiacej kvapaliny v důsledku nižšej bobtnacej schopnosti škrobu. Alkohol sa ako dehydratačné činidlo a zvyšovač tenzie pár roztoku slúži v našom případe ako prostredie pri reakcii sieťovania a zároveň spomaluje hydratáciu škrobu v procese namiešavania štiepiacej kvapaliny na 10 až 30 %-ný vodnoalkoholický roztok, čím sa zabezpečí rovnoměrná dispergácia škrobového polyméru v kvapaline a dosiahne sa dokonalá homogenita vytvořeného gélu.The crosslinking of the starch carboxymethyl ether preferably takes place in an aqueous solution of 70 to 80% by volume of alcohol. At a lower alcohol content, the crosslinking reaction does not occur due to increased starch hydration. Therefore, the crosslinking is carried out in concentrated alcohol before aqueous solutions containing from 10 to 30 vol% are prepared from the reaction mixture. alcohol, when the most suitable rheological parameters are achieved, high viscosity of the liquid. Alcohol content in solution greater than 30% vol. causes a reduction in the viscosity of the cleavage liquid due to the lower swelling capacity of the starch. Alcohol is used as a dehydrating agent and vapor pressure enhancer in our case as a crosslinking reaction environment and at the same time slows the starch hydration in the process of mixing the cleavage liquid to a 10-30% aqueous alcoholic solution, thereby ensuring uniform dispersion of the starch polymer in the liquid. and perfect homogeneity of the gel formed.
V tabulke 1 uvádzame vplyv koncentrácie alkoholu na proces sieťovania porovnáním zdánlivých viskozit 1 % vodného roztoku karboxymetyléteru škrobu a 10 í etylalkoholu /merané po 1 hodině od přípravy pri 25 °C/.Table 1 shows the effect of alcohol concentration on the crosslinking process by comparing the apparent viscosities of a 1% aqueous solution of starch carboxymethyl ether and 10% ethyl alcohol (measured after 1 hour of preparation at 25 ° C).
Tabulka 1Table 1
Koncentrácia etylalkoholu v reakčnej zmesi /obj. 1/Ethyl alcohol concentration in reaction mixture / v / v 1 /
Zdánlivá viskozita pri 511 s1 /mPa.s/Apparent viscosity at 511 s 1 /mPa.s/
222 80 /max. zosieťovanie/ 298 70 273 60 /min. zisleťovanie/ 160222 80 / max. crosslinking / 298 70 273 60 / min. 160
Pri navrhnutéj koncentrácii sietovacieho činidla 0,05 až 0,1 % hmotnostných na navážku škrobu sa dosahujú najvyššie viskozity roztokov.At the proposed crosslinking agent concentration of 0.05 to 0.1% by weight per starch weight, the highest viscosity of the solutions is achieved.
Grafické znázornenie závislosti zdanlivej viskozity meranej pri strihovej rýchlosti 511 s'1 pri různej koncentrácii karboxymetyléter škrobu na teplote je na obrázku 1. Zvyšováním teploty sa znižuje viskozita štiepiacej kvapaliny, pričom gélový systém nezaniká úplné.A graphical representation of the apparent viscosity measured at a shear rate of 511 s -1 at different concentrations of starch carboxymethyl ether is shown in Figure 1. Increasing the temperature decreases the viscosity of the cleavage liquid and the gel system does not disappear completely.
štiepiaoe kvapaliny s koncentráciou karboxymetyléteru škrobu menšou ako 0,6 % hmot. majú nízké viskozity a zníženú schopnost niest plniace činidlo do vytvorenej pukliny. Naopak kvapaliny s obsahom škrobu nad 1 % hmot. sú velmi viskózne, zle sa čerpajú a majú zvýšené hydraulické odpory.cleavage of a liquid having a starch carboxymethylether concentration of less than 0.6 wt. they have low viscosities and reduced ability to carry the filler agent into the formed crack. Conversely, liquids with a starch content above 1 wt. they are very viscous, poorly pumped and have increased hydraulic resistance.
V konoentračnom rozsahu karboxymetyléteru škrobu podlá vynálezu bola rýchlosť pádu piesku priemeru 0,8 mm 0,15 až 0,01 m.min-^ pri teplote 25 °C.In the concentration range of the starch carboxymethyl ether of the invention, the rate of drop of sand was 0.8 mm in diameter from 0.15 to 0.01 m / min at 25 ° C.
Sletované gély na báze karboxymetyléteru škrobu sú Iahko odbúratelné roztokmi solí a minerálnych kyselin, čo umožňuje lahké odstránine štiepiacej kvapaliny z horniny. Na obr. 2 je zobrazený test poškodenia jadra /zníženie priepustnosti jadra horniny/ po přetlačení určitého objemu štiepiacej kvapaliny a jeho odstránenie spatným vymytím roztokom solí.Crosslinked gels based on carboxymethyl ether of starch are readily biodegradable by solutions of salts and mineral acids, allowing the cleavage liquid to be easily removed from the rock. In FIG. 2 shows a core damage test (reduction in the permeability of a rock core) after overpressing a certain volume of cleavage liquid and removing it by backwashing with a salt solution.
Vidíme, že jádro bolo gélom takmer úplné upchaté - minimálna filtrácia kvapaliny cez horninu, čo je požadovaná vlastnost na štiepiaoe kvapaliny a pri spatnom prepláchnutí jadra roztokom soli sa priepustnost horniny obnovila na původnú hodnotu.We can see that the core was almost completely clogged by the gel - minimal filtration of the liquid through the rock, which is a desirable property for liquid splitting and when the core was washed back with salt solution, the permeability of the rock was restored to its original value.
V nasledujúcich príkladoch sú uvedené způsoby přípravy štiepiacej kvapaliny podlá vynálezu /200 cm /.The following examples illustrate methods for preparing the cleavage liquid of the invention (200 cm).
Příklad 1 %-ný roztok karboxymetyléter škrobu + 10 % etylalkoholu vo vodě připravíme následovně:Example 1% starch carboxymethyl ether + 10% ethyl alcohol in water is prepared as follows:
Reakčná zmes pozostáva z 2 g škrobu a 5 cm 80 %-ného vodného roztoku alkoholu, pH roztoku 10 upravené hydroxidom sodným. Do roztoku přidáme 0,05 hmotnostných % /na navážku škrobu/ oxychloridu fosforečného. Doba sietovania je 3 h pri teplote 25 °C za miešania.The reaction mixture consists of 2 g of starch and 5 cm of an 80% aqueous alcohol solution, the pH of solution 10 adjusted with sodium hydroxide. To the solution is added 0.05% by weight / starch / phosphorus oxychloride. The sieving time is 3 h at 25 ° C with stirring.
33
Po reakcii sa zmes zmieša s roztokom zloženým zo 180 cm čistej sladkej vody a 15 cm etylalkoholu. Zdánlivá viskozita připraveného roztoku pri strihovej rýchlosti 511 s_1 a teplote 25 °C je vščšia ako 300 mPa.s, po 1 h 298 mPa.s.After the reaction, the mixture is mixed with a solution of 180 cm of pure fresh water and 15 cm of ethyl alcohol. The apparent viscosity of the prepared solution at a shear rate of 511 1 and the temperature of 25 ° C, the VSCs 300 mPa.s after 1 h 298 mPa.s.
Príklad2Example 2
Sietovanie prebieha za rovnakých podmienok ako v příklade 1 avšak z reakčnej zmesi sa potom připraví 0,6 %-ný roztok karbometyléter škrobu a 1 % etylalkoholu a vody. Zdánlivá viskozita /511 s-1/ gélu meraná po 8 hodinách pri teplote 25 °C je 64 mPa.s a pri strihovej rýchlosti 170 S-1 je zdánlivá viskozita 112 mPa.s. Pri teplote 90 °C je zdánlivá viskozita pri 511 s1 23 mPa.s a pri 170 s-1 je 35 mPa.s.Crosslinking is carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1, but a 0.6% solution of starch carbomethyl ether and 1% ethanol and water is then prepared from the reaction mixture. The apparent viscosity (511 s -1 ) of the gel measured after 8 hours at 25 ° C is 64 mPa · s and at a shear rate of 170 S -1 the apparent viscosity is 112 mPa · s. At 90 ° C the apparent viscosity at 511 s 1 is 23 mPa · s and at 170 s -1 is 35 mPa · s.
Příklad 3Example 3
Sieťovanie prebieha ako v příklade 1 a 2 avšak ako sieťovacie činidlo bol použitý hexametafosforečňan sodný o koncentrácii 0,1 % hmotnostných na navážku škrobu. Reakčná doba bola 1 hodinu pri teplote 25 °C. Potom bol z reakčnej zmesi připravený roztok o zložení 1 % hydroxymetyláteř škrobu + 15 % etylalkoholu a vody /do 100 V, ktorý mal zdánlivá viskozitu /511 s'1/ 260 mPa.s a po hodině 240 mPa.s.The crosslinking proceeds as in Examples 1 and 2, but sodium cross-linker hexametaphosphate at a concentration of 0.1% by weight is used as the starch. The reaction time was 1 hour at 25 ° C. A solution of 1% starch hydroxymethylate + 15% ethyl alcohol and water (up to 100 V), which had an apparent viscosity (511 s -1 ) of 260 mPa · s and after an hour of 240 mPa · s, was prepared from the reaction mixture.
Viskozity všetkých roztokov sú vyššie v porovnaní s nesieťovanými roztokmi podlá patentu NDR /str. 1/.The viscosities of all solutions are higher compared to the non-crosslinked solutions of the GDR patent. 1 /.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS862925A CS263165B1 (en) | 1986-04-22 | 1986-04-22 | Cleaving liquid |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS862925A CS263165B1 (en) | 1986-04-22 | 1986-04-22 | Cleaving liquid |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CS292586A1 CS292586A1 (en) | 1988-09-16 |
| CS263165B1 true CS263165B1 (en) | 1989-04-14 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS862925A CS263165B1 (en) | 1986-04-22 | 1986-04-22 | Cleaving liquid |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CS (1) | CS263165B1 (en) |
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1986
- 1986-04-22 CS CS862925A patent/CS263165B1/en unknown
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CS292586A1 (en) | 1988-09-16 |
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