CS261512B1 - Means for inhibiting the function of nitrifying bacteria, for disinfection and for the complex improvement of soil properties - Google Patents

Abstract

The solution relates to a means for inhibiting the function of nitrifying bacteria, soil disinfection and comprehensive improvement of soil properties. The essence of the preparation is carbon disulfide — CS2 sorbed on a solid porous substance, which may be activated carbon, spodium, synthetic zeolite, natural zeolite, alumina, diatomite, diatomite, silica gel, microporous glass, graphitized carbon black, adsorption clays, expanded perlite, vermiculite, or a combination of these sorbents. After adsorbing CS2, the pores of the sorbent may be partially or completely closed by a substance, or a combination of several substances with adhesive and/or hydrophobic properties.

Description

The solution relates to a means for inhibiting the function of nitrifying bacteria, soil disinfection and comprehensive improvement of soil properties. The essence of the preparation is carbon dioxide — CS ₂ sorbed on a solid porous substance, which can be activated carbon, spodium, synthetic zeolite, natural zeolite, alumina, diatomite, diatomite, silica gel, microporous glass, graphitized carbon black, adsorption clays, expanded perlite, vermiculite, or a combination of these sorbents.

After adsorption of CS _2, the pores of the sorbent can be partially or completely closed by a substance or a combination of several substances with adhesive and/or hydrophobic properties.

The invention relates to a means for inhibiting the function of nitrifying bacteria, soil disinfection and comprehensive improvement of soil properties.

The successful fulfillment of increasingly demanding tasks in plant production increases the demands for a scientific, qualified approach to increasing the fertility and culture of soils through the entire complex of agrotechnical measures.

The not very favorable state of fertility of most of our agricultural soils is often related to the insufficient supply and quality of organic matter and their low sorption capacity. Mainly clay soils usually suffer from a significant lack of water, which quickly penetrates into the depths, where it carries away mineral nutrients and organic substances, so that the necessary moisture and nutrition for cultivated agricultural crops is not ensured. The reason is the small content and often even worse quality of the clay fraction, i.e. natural mineral sorbents in sandy soils, as a result of which the possibility of creating a sufficient and perfect humus-clay complex, which is the basis of a favorable soil structure, is limited.

Today it is well known that the use of high doses of industrial fertilizers with insufficient organic matter in the soil and low sorption capacity of the soil is not only ineffective, but can also have an impact on limiting the height of crops, deteriorating their quality; on acidification of the soil, destruction of structural aggregates, i.e. on the deterioration of chemical and physical properties of the soil.

The issue of using various land improvement materials based on various industrial wastes and mineral sorbents, from the point of view of their possible use in soil improvement in our country, has been researched mainly in connection with solving the issues of soil improvement with low sorption capacity [STEJSKAL, J. (1961); STEJSKAL, J. — HRUŠKA, L. (1962)].

The essence of the method of soil enrichment by applying mineral sorbents is the fact that the properties of the applied sorbents can, under certain conditions, significantly improve the potential fertility of soils with low sorption capacity.

As mineral sorbents began to be used in agriculture, sorption methods were widely used in industry, especially for the purification and drying of natural gas [Kirkpatrick, S. D., Chem. Eng. 68, 23 (1961)], for drying liquids (Malušov, V. A. et al. Sinteticheskije cedity, Ird. AN SSSR, Moscow 1962), removal of ammonia from gas [Talisman, L. V. et al., Chim. Prom. 47, 571 (1971)], for the regeneration of nitrous gases (Vančura, J., Draft concept of air protection, prepared for the presidency of the scientific council of the minister of forest and water management. Prague 1968), for refining sugar cane (Schneider,

F. et al., Technologie des Zuckers, Vlg. M. H. Schaper, Hanover 1968), for bleaching oils and fats (Gregor, M., Číčel, B., Bentonit a jeho využitie, Vyd. SAV, Bratislava 1969), in oil processing technology [Tabakov, A. V. et al., Neftepererabotka i neftehimija No. 4, 133 (1971)] and in many other industrial areas (Col., Adsorbenty, ich polučenie, svojstva i primenenie, Trudy II. Vsesojurnogo soveščanija po adsorbentam. Nauka Leningrad 1971).

As sorption materials, various types of activated carbon and synthetic zeolites, so-called molecular sieves, were mainly used.

Representatives of the “classical” sorbents with a heterogeneous structure consisting of micropores, transitional pores and macropores are activated carbon. Dubinin and his colleagues [Dubinin Μ. M. et al., Zur. firč. chim. 23, 1 129 (1949)] divided activated carbons based on their adsorption behavior towards vapors at low relative pressures into two limiting structural types. He included activated carbons with a predominant presence of micropores in the first structural type, and activated carbons with macropores in the second type. Activated carbons containing a large number of micropores and macropores, as well as activated carbons with a predominance of transitional pores, he called activated carbons of a mixed structural type. In the case of molecular sieves, the sieving is different. The granule of molecular sieve consists of primary zeolite crystals connected by an admixture of a binder and forms a bidisperse structure. There are primary pores inside the crystals, and secondary pores between the crystals.

The ability of adsorbate molecules to penetrate into the pores of porous materials is characterized by the critical size of the molecule. For example, for diatomic molecules and normal hydrocarbons, it is the chain diameter. The critical size of some substances is given, for example, by Timopeyev P. P., Kinetics of adsorption. Izd. AN SSSR, Moscow 1962. However, the critical size is not always a sufficient criterion for the adsorption capabilities of molecules on zeolites. In addition to the nature of the porous structure, the adsorption capacity and selectivity of individual sorbents depend on the size of the available specific surface, on the nature, size and mechanism of action of surface forces, on the temperature and partial pressure (concentration) of the adsorbate.

After the successful industrial application of synthetic zeolites, geologists became interested in searching for analogous natural materials. Gradually, large reserves of them were found in various parts of the world. The most well-known deposits of natural zeolites are in Japan, the USA, Mexico, Korea, Cuba, the MLR, BER, Yugoslavia, the FRG, the USSR and Italy.

The use of natural zeolites in agriculture is conditioned by their good adsorption and ion exchange properties. Of the total number of 34 mineral types of zeolites occurring in nature, clinoptilolite, mordenite, chabazite and erionite are of particular practical importance, which, in addition to the above properties, form deposit accumulations.

In Czechoslovakia, only one — from the point of view of potential practical applications of zeolite raw materials — significant locality of zeolite tuffites in the north of the East Slovak Basin, in the direction of Vranov — Kučín — Nižný Hravoce — Pusté Čemerné has been described at present (Šamajová, E. — Kraus, I.: Prognosis of Slovak zeolite areas and possibilities of their use. In: Proceedings of the SLOVZEO ‘84 conference, pp. 6—11, Vysoké Tatry 1984).

The main rock-forming mineral of the tuffite from this deposit is clinoptilolite, whose content in the rock determined on the basis of ion exchange capacity varies from 40 to 63% (Kozáč, J. et al. 1981). The chemical composition of clinoptilolite from this location is as follows (Hassler, J.: Natural zeolites — Natural molecular sutures. Unpublished material, 1983):

Si0 ₃ 71.60% p ₂ o ₅ A1 ₂ O ₃ 13.00% MnO Fe-jO.3 1.50% Na ₂ O CaO 2.80% _K2O MgO 0.80% loss on annealing TiO ₂ 0.20% loss on drying at 105 °C

0.05% 0.01% 0.90% 2.50% % 4.90%

Among the exchangeable cations, Ca ⁺ and K+ predominate, which is why this natural zeolite can be classified as a so-called K-Ca type.

From a chemical point of view, zeolites are hydrated aluminosilicates, with the basic structure of their crystal lattice being spherical structures composed of 24 SiO ₄ tetrahedra.

In these formations, some silicon atoms are connected through oxygen by the Si—O——Si bond, which creates large cavities — holes — in the crystals.

These holes contain cations or molecules (water), which are bound here by van der Waals forces.

If through zeolite containing e.g. Ca ²⁺ ions

Cs+ > Rb+ > K+ > NH ₄ + > Ba ²⁺ > Sr ²⁺ > Na ⁺

This selectivity is given by the relative substitution of aluminum in the structure of zeolites. It follows from the above that the more aluminum atoms in the structure of zeolites, the larger its ions are. When the NaCl solution is allowed to flow, calcium is exchanged for sodium. When the calcium hydroxide solution is repeatedly flowed, the exchange is repeated. In zeolites, the usual stoichiometric representation of silicon and aluminum to oxygen is 1 : 2, i.e. (Si, Al) : : O — 1 : 2, while silicon atoms can be substituted by aluminum up to a maximum of 50%. The replacement of silicon by aluminum disrupts the electron balance, which is compensated by the acceptance of Na ⁺ , K ⁺ , Ca ²⁺ , or other ions. The following series of selectivity of clinoptilolite towards cations is described in the literature:

> Ca ²⁺ > Fe ³⁺ > Al ³ > Mg ²⁺ > Li ⁺ new name properties. Some basic properties of selected types of natural zeolites are included in the table:

Zeolite mineral Space- Cavity dimensions — Thermal stability Ion exchange capacity (mmol. g ^-1 ) vity ε (%) — holes (d, 1.10~ ^1θ m) CLINOPTILOLIT 39 3.9 x 5.4 high 2.54 MORDENITE 29 2.9 x 5.7 6.7 x 7.0 high 2.29 ANALYSTS 18 2.6 high 4.54 CHABAZIT 47 3.7 x 4.2 high 3.81 ERIONITE 35 3.6 x 5.2 high 3.12 FAUJASI 47 7.4 high 3.39 HEULANDITE 39 40 x 5.5 low 2.91

2S1512

A significant and common property of practically all zeolites is the stability of the crystal lattice, which does not disintegrate upon dehydration and is able to reabsorb water.

Research results have shown that zeolite tuffs and tuffites neutralize acidic soils and are particularly effective in regulating the release of ammoniacal nitrogen, as well as other primary, secondary and trace plant nutrients, especially cationic in nature, from applied mineral and organic fertilizers. For example, in Japan, natural zeolite has been used for several years to regulate soil moisture and eliminate the unpleasant odor of manure and slurry when fertilizing the soil.

Precise experiments and measurements have shown that nitrogen applied in fertilizers is used by plants on average by 30-40%, while nitrogen losses are also the cause of serious ecological problems (Proceedings and Conclusions of the IXth World Congress of the C.I.E.C. on Industrial Fertilizers, Budapest, 11-16 June 1984). Recently, therefore, new methods of more efficient use of nitrogen from fertilizers have been examined, among which the use of nitrification inhibitors occupies a significant position.

The effect of nitrification inhibitors slows down or even stops the conversion of ammonia to nitrite nitrogen in the soil for a certain period of time, which allows for the reduction of nitrogen losses through leaching or denitrification, due to the fact that ammonia nitrogen is significantly less mobile in the soil than nitrate or nitrite nitrogen.

Nitrification is a biological enzymatic process in which reduced nitrogenous substances are oxidized with the transient release of nitrites and their subsequent oxidation to nitrates. The source of nitrogen for oxidation is primarily ammonium salts (so-called autotrophic nitrification), and sometimes also organic nitrogenous substances (heterotrophic nitrification). The above processes are ensured by a specific physiological group of microorganisms — nitrifying microflora, which obtains energy for their life processes through nitrogen oxidation processes.

In the processes of autotrophic nitrification, we distinguish two basic stages. In the first, ammonia is oxidized to nitrites (nitritation), in the second, oxidation continues to nitrates (nitration). Each stage of oxidation is provided by a specific group of autotrophic microorganisms. Nitritation is carried out by nitrifying microflora represented by bacteria, mainly from the genera Nitrosomonas, Nitrosocystis, Nitrosococcus, Nitrosolobus and Nitrosospira. The biochemical nature of their activity can be briefly expressed by a simplified reaction scheme (Alexander, M.: So-il Nitrogen. Madison — Wisconsin, 1965, p. 309):

H H H 1/2 O ₂ \ / 1/2 O ₂ | N — OH-----> N—OH -----» / \ -h ₂ o | H H H —h ₂ o Also subsequent oxidation nitrite to nitrous-

nan is linked to the function of specific so-called nitrifying bacteria, represented primarily by the genus Nitrobacter. With significant

Olympic Games

_H2O /1/ _2O2 '

HO—N=O---->HO—N=O----> HO—N \ — H ₂ O i

OH O

It is stated (Delvič, K.: Nitrogen Cycle. Biosphere, Izd. Mir 1972) that the energy gain of nitrification is about 276 KJ and in subsequent nitration 73 KJ per mole.

Today, we already know of several dozen chemical substances capable of selectively suppressing the activity of nitrifying microflora — nitrification inhibitors.

Patented are, for example: 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine (Nitrapyrin, N-Serve), 4-amino-4H-1,2,4-triazole hydrochloride (ATC), 2-mercapto-1,3,4-triazole (MT), amidinothiourea (ASV), 2,4-dichloroaniline, N-(2,5-dichlorophenyl) succinimide, 2-mercaptobenzH,0 OH / 1/2 O,,

N—O----► NH ----> HO—N=O \ — h ₂ o

OH can be simplified to nitration, which is associated first with hydration and then with subsequent oxidation and dehydration:

—O thiazole (MBT), dicyandisimide (DIDJN), 2-amino-4-chloro-6-methyl-pyriroidin (AM), 2-(4-aminophenylsulionylamido)thiazole (CIBÁZOL, ST] (Hauck, R. D.: "Mode of Action of Nitrification Inhibitors". Nitrification Inhibitors — Potentials and Limitations. American Society of Agronomy and Soil Science Society of America, Madison Toman, 1980;

J. — Socha, J.: "Enhancing the use of nitrogen in agriculture — nitrification inhibitors". Chemical Letters, 75 (1981), p. 743—752; Slangen, J.H.G. — Kerkhoff, P.: "Nitrification inhibitors in agriculture and horticulture: A literature review." Agricultural Universi261512 ty, De Drejen 3, 6 703 BC Wageningen, Netherlands j.

In addition to the use of a whole range of usually quite complicated organic compounds, in the 1970s, in Western European countries, significantly simpler inhibitors of an inorganic nature began to be tested. In Great Britain, Ashworth, J. and co-workers successfully tested the use of carbon disulphide (CS _;i ) for the inhibition of nitrification [Ashworth, J. — Briggs, GG — Evans, AA — Matual, J.: “Inhibiton of nitrification by nitrapyrin, carbondisulphide and trithiocarbonate”. J. Sci. Food Agric. 28, 673—683 (1977); Ashworth, J. — Widdowson, FV — Penny, A. — Bird, E. — Hewitt, Μ. V. — Gibhs, A. j.: “Nitrification inhibitors for grass.” Report for 1977, part 1, 276—278, Rothamsted Experimental Station].

Carbon dioxide (carbon sulfide) — CS ₂ has proven to be a highly effective inhibitor of the function of bacteria affecting the oxidation of ammoniacal nitrogen.

The high inhibitory effect of CS·, even at a concentration of 10 µg.g" ¹ of soil rich in humus content (2.93% organic carbon), was also experimentally confirmed by Kudejarov, VN and Jenkinson, DS ["The effects of biocidal treatments on metabolism in soils — VI. Fumigation with carbon disulphide." Soil Biol. Bicchem. Vol. 8, (1976), pp. 375—378). Similarly, Bremner, JM and Bundy, L, based on the results of the experiments, stated that carbon disulphide was more effective than the patented and commercially available organic inhibitors N-Serve, AM, ST, at a dose close to 2 wt. parts of CS ₂ per 10 ⁶ wt. parts of soil. [Bremner, JM — Bundy, L.: "Inhibition of nitrification in soils by volatile sulfur compounds." Soil Biol. Bicchem., Vol. 6, (19741. p. 161—165].

Recently, the use of CS?. for nitrification inhibition has also been recommended on the basis of extensive experiments by the biologists of the USSR and Canada [Kudejarov, V. N. — Sokolov, O. A. — Bochkarev, A. N. — Egorova, E. F. — Semenov, V. M. — Sabaev, V. P. — — Derakina, R. S.: "Serouglerod as a means of increasing the effectiveness of nitrogen fertilizers." Chimiya v cel. hozjaj., Vol. 22, 2 (1984J, pp. 10—14; Malhi, S. S. — Nyboru, M.: "An evaluation of carbon disulphide as a sulphur fertilizer and as a nitrification inhibitor." Plant and Soil, 65, (1982), pp. 203—218).

The possibility of using CS ₂ as an inhibitor of nitrification in our country was also pointed out in their works by Lišfanská, J. [Agrochemistry, 22, 10, (1982), pp. 285—289] and especially Balík, J. and colleagues [Paper at the conference "Nitrogen — fertilizers — soil — plant", Prague 1983; Agrochemistry, 24, 3, (1984), pp. 69—71], who published the results of joint research conducted in the area under study together with Soviet soil biologists [Kudejarov, VN — Sabaev, VP — Knop, K. — Balík, J. — Vaněk, V.: "Introduction of serous bacteria for the inhibition of nitrification in the soil." Agrochemistry, 11, (19851, pp. 3—8). They found that CS ₂ applied at a dose of 1 mg/100 g of soil provided a significant inhibition of nitrification processes in soil.

The advantages of carbon dioxide sulfide (CS ₂ ) compared to today's commercially available inhibitors (N-Serve, ATC) are: lower price, faster penetration of the larger circuit in the soil profile and, most importantly, the fact that it works without residues and is a source of plant-assimilable sulfur.

The disadvantages of using carbon dioxide (C2SO4) are primarily related to its physicochemical properties — high vapor tension of CS? even at temperatures common for its application (boiling point: 46.3 °Cj, formation of explosive mixtures with air in a wide range of mutual ratios (1—50 vol. per. CS ₂ . in air at 20 °C), low flammability (flash point: 30 °Ci, relatively low ignition temperature (about 100 °C), low solubility in water (0.2% at 0 °C; 0.014% at 50 °Cj, etc.). For the above reasons, possibilities of CS ₂ application are sought, which, in addition to safe application, would create the prerequisites for longer-term storage of CS ₂ in liquid ammonia (carbon dioxide sulfide solutions in concentrated) or alkaline hydroxide solutions).

It has now been found that the above-mentioned advantages of using carbon disulfide — CS ₂ as a means of inhibiting the function of bacteria affecting the oxidation of ammonia nitrogen and also as a means of disinfecting soil while simultaneously eliminating (or minimizing) the disadvantages associated with its physicochemical properties can be achieved by using the invention. The subject of the invention is a means of inhibiting the function of nitrifying bacteria, soil disinfection and comprehensive improvement of soil properties characterized by the fact that it contains at least 2 . 10 ¹ and at most 4.8 . 10” ¹ weight percent of carbon dioxide — CS·, bound to the sorbent. Activated carbon and/or bone charcoal, so-called spodium and/or synthetic zeolite, so-called molecular sieve and/or natural zeolite and/or alumina and/or diatomite and/or diatomite and/or polymeric colloidal silicic acid, so-called silica gel and/or microporous glass and/or graphitized carbon black and/or adsorption clay and/or expanded perlite and/or vermiculite are used as sorbents.

The pores of the sorbent may be partially or completely closed after adsorption of CS ₂ by a substance or combination of substances characterized by adhesive and/or hydrophobic properties. As substances of the above type, the composition may contain water glass and/or lignosulfonic acid and/or salts of lignosulfonic acid and/or starch and/or condensates of urea with aldehydes and/or paraffin and/or waxes.

A significant advantage of the solution is the fact that by using various real sorbents, which have a complex heterogeneous structure formed by pores of different sizes, shapes and arrangements, a wide variability in sorption capacities, as well as the nature of the sorption forces between the sorbent and CS ₂ molecules, is achieved.

By treating the soil solution and soil bacteria, a gradual, longer-term release of CS ₂ from the sorbent structure occurs, which allows for a time-targeted effect to be achieved in accordance with the requirements of the cultivated crops and the properties of the soil. Natural zeolites are preferably used as a solid substance. Due to the magnitude of the sorption forces between natural zeolite and CS ₃ , a significant long-term inhibitory effect and disinfectant effect are achieved while simultaneously improving the soil fertility potential as a result of improving their physical and chemical properties, especially sorption and ion-exchange capabilities, stabilization of moisture content, reduction of acidity and binding of NH 3 and K ^! ions. The following preparations based on natural zeolites are currently available from the products of the Czechoslovak industry (manufacturer — Keramické závody np Košice):

SLOVSORB type 0.2-1.6

SLOVSORB type 1.6-3.0

NOPEST — a granular carrier of pesticide substances for the destruction of soil pests.

Prolongation of the inhibitory effect of the proposed composition can be further achieved by treating the surface of the sorbent, after adsorption of CS ₂ , using a suitable adhesive or a hydrophobic substance.

Carbon dioxide sulfide can be adsorbed onto a sorbent with the purpose of producing the composition that is the subject of the invention, or sorbents after adsorption used in industry for capturing CS ₂ exhalations (CS ₃ production, viscose rayon production, rubber chemicals production, etc.) can be used.

The invention will be applied primarily on intensively used agricultural soils intended for growing vegetables, in greenhouses, foil plants, in groundwater protection areas and on sandy soils, where from an ecological and hygienic point of view it will be necessary to reduce the applied doses of nitrogen fertilizers and to implement all available measures for their better use by the cultivated crops and to reduce their losses.

The following examples illustrate, but do not limit, the subject matter of the invention.

Example 1, actual density 1.7 g/cm ³ , apparent density 0.73 g/cm ³ was desorbed in a stream of incandescent nitrogen at a temperature of 400 °C for 4 hours. Then, at a temperature of 20 °C and a concentration of 50 mg/l CS ₂ in the carrier gas — nitrogen, 357.8 mg/g of carbon dioxide sulfide was adsorbed onto the above-mentioned activated carbon. The sample thus prepared was used in biological experiments aimed at inhibiting the activity of nitritating and nitrating bacteria and also at improving the properties of the soil.

Example 2

Natural zeolite from the Nižný Hravovec locality, composition 71.60 wt. % SiO ₂ , 13.00 wt. % Al ₂ O ₃ , 1.50 wt. % Fe ₂ O ₃ , 2.80 wt. % CaO, 0.8 wt. % MgO, 0.20 wt. % TiO ₂ , 0.05 wt. % P ₂ O ₅ , 0.01 % wt. % MnO, 0.90 wt. % Na ₂ i O and 2.50 wt. % K _{2 l} O, trade name Slovsorb type 1.6-3.0 (particle size 1.6-3.0 mm), produced by Keramické závody np Košice (KERKO), was desorbed at a temperature of 350 °C for 4 hours. The stated temperature increase from 20 to 350 °C was achieved in 1.5 hours. After cooling to laboratory temperature, 32.3 mg of CS ₂ per 1 g of zeolite was adsorbed onto the thus activated zeolite by pouring liquid CS ₂ in a closed flask. The sample thus prepared was used in a blotting experiment identical to Example 1. Example 3

A sample of silica gel — type A was desorbed at 140 °C in a stream of purified incandescent nitrogen for 4 hours. After the sample had cooled to room temperature, 37.5 mg of CS ₂ per 1 g of silica gel was adsorbed onto the thus activated sorbent by pouring it into a closed flask. The sample was freed from excess CS ₂ in a vacuum dryer at a temperature of approximately 25 °C. In a model drum granulator, water glass (1.36; mol SiO ₂ / /mol Na ₂ O = 3.4; dry matter — 41.5%) was sprayed onto the surface of the silica gel in an amount of 8.8 mg/g.

Example 4

The sample of the preparation according to Example 1 was used in container experiments in a greenhouse to study the effect of the preparation on the nitrification of NH;i — nitrogen. The experiment was carried out under the following conditions: Soil — brown earth, temperature — about 20 °C, amount of N applied — 55 mg in the form of (NH/,) ₂ .SO ₄ /g soil, amount of preparation 68.3 mg/g soil containing 18 mg CS ₂ . CS ₂ was not used in the comparative experiment. Based on the analysis of the soil, the following contents of NH ₄ —N, NO ₃ —N and total N were determined from the content of N added to the soil after 10, 20 and 30 days:

Activated carbon HS — 43, fraction 4—4.5 mm, days sample a b c days a b c days a b c

1* 36 7 43 19 30 49 2 59 51

41 —2 39 48 —4 44 29 21 50 * — control sample a — NH ₃ nitrogen b — NO ₃ nitrogen c — total nitrogen

Claims (4)

30 days abc 13 10 days sample abc 261512 14 20 days abc 1 * 36 7 43 19 30 49 2 59 51 2 41 —2 39 48 —4 44 29 21 50 * - control sample a - NH3 nitrogen b - NO3 nitrogen c - Total Nitrogen SUBJECT MATTER What is claimed is: 1. A composition for inhibiting the function of a non-triflating bacterium, a disinfection step, and a complex improvement in the properties of at least 2 * 10 < -1 > and a maximum of < RTI ID = 0.0 > 4.801 < / RTI > 2. A composition for inhibiting the function of triflating bacteria, a disinfection step, and a complex improvement in the properties according to claim 1, wherein the CS2 is sorbly bonded to the activated carbon and / or to the bone charcoal. -diu and / or synthetic zeolite, so-called molecular sieve and / or natural zeolite and / or alumina and / or silica and / or diatomite and / or partially dehydrated polymeric colloidal silica, and / or microporous glass and / or graphitized carbon black and / or adsorption clay and / or expanded bead and / or vermiculite. 3. A composition for inhibiting the function of a non-triflating bacterium, a disinfection step, and a complex improvement in the underlying properties of claim 1, wherein the carbon sulfide-containing pores are subsequently partially or completely closed. 4. A composition for inhibiting the function of non-bacterial bacteria, a disinfectant stage, and a complex improvement in the properties of the compound of claim 1, wherein the pores of the sorbent are encapsulated by a substance or combination of several substances characterized by adherent and / or hydrophobic properties. -nosti.