CS261511B1

CS261511B1 - Device for actively ventilating grains in containers

Info

Publication number: CS261511B1
Application number: CS862916A
Authority: CS
Inventors: Anton Ing Konusiak
Original assignee: Konusiak Anton
Priority date: 1986-04-22
Filing date: 1986-04-22
Publication date: 1989-02-10
Also published as: CS291686A1

Abstract

Riešenie sa týká zariadenia na aktivně vetranie zrnin v zásobníkoch, pozostávajúce zo zásobníka, ku ktorému je z vnútornej strany upevněné vstupné a výstupné prevzdušňovacie potrubie vzduchu s ventílátormi. Na jednej straně steny zásobníka a vo výsypke zásobníka je umiestnené najmenej jedno vstupné potrubie vzduchu s odbočkami pre pripojenie chladiacich agregátov a na protilahlej stene zásobníka je umiestnené najmenej jedno výstupné potrubie vzduchu. V každom potrubí je umiestnený piest, ktorý je cez lano spojený s příslušným navíjacím zariadením, pričom na vstupnom potrubí vzduchu sú umiestnené puzdra pre vloženie zaplyňovacieho prostriedku. Riešenie si kladie za cie! znížit energetické nároky pri aktívnom větraní zrnin a zvýšiť kvalitu skladovaných zrnin.The solution relates to a device for active ventilation of grains in storage tanks, consisting of a storage tank to which an inlet and outlet air aeration pipe with fans is attached from the inside. On one side of the storage tank wall and in the storage tank hopper, at least one inlet air pipe with branches for connecting cooling units is located, and on the opposite wall of the storage tank, at least one outlet air pipe is located. A piston is located in each pipe, which is connected to the relevant winding device via a rope, while sleeves for inserting a fumigant are located on the air inlet pipe. The solution aims to reduce energy requirements for active ventilation of grains and to increase the quality of stored grains.

Description

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Vynález sa týká zariadenia na aktivněvetrania zrnin v zásobnikoch, pozostávajú-ceho zo zásobníka, ku ktorému sú z vnútor-nej strany upevněné vstupné a výstupné per-forované potrubia vzduchu s ventílátormi.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for activating the grain in containers, comprising a container to which inlet and outlet perforated air ducts with fans are fixed from the inside.

Pri zásobnikoch združených do batérií saaktivně vetranie uskutočňuje nasáváním ale-bo tlačením vzduchu z horné] alebo z dol-nej časti zásobníka. Týmto sposobom sa pre-vzdušňujú zrniny v celej nasypanej výške.Pretože sa aktivně vetranie používá nielenk ochladzovaniu zrnin ale aj k ich sušeniu,vzduch po určitej dráhe sa nasýti vlhkosťou,pri ďalšom pohybe násypom zrnin vznikajúzbytočné energetické straty a naviac nasý-tený vzduch pri výstupe z násypu zrnin dochladnejšieho prostredia uvolňuje vlhkost,ktorá navlhčuje horná vrstvu zrnin v zá-sobníku. Umiestnenie prevzdušňovacieho e-lementu do polovice výšky zásobníka lenčiastočne - odstráni hoře uvedené nedostat-ky, pričom převedeme takejto konštrukcieje technicky náročné. Ďalšou existujúcou konštrukciou aktívne-ho vetrania je použitie centrálneho prevzduš-ňovacieho potrubia, umiestnené v zásob-níku s perforovaným plášťom. Toto rieše-nie zmenšuje prevzdušňovanú hrůbku násy-pu zrnin, ale dá sa použiť len pre malé zá-sobníky z dovodu komplikovanej konštruk-cie prevzdušňovacieho potrubia pre váčšievýšky zásobníkov. Taktiež toto riešenie sadá použiť len pre zásobníky konštruované natento účel, pričom tieto musia byť rozosta-vané v určitej vzdialenosti, aby sa umožni-lo prúdenie vzduchu cez ich plášť. Táto kon-štrukcia sa nedá zabudovat do existujúcichzásobníkov a nemožno aktivně vetrať vybra-ná vrstvu násypu zrnin.For battery-packed tanks, ventilation is actively carried out by suction or by pushing air from the top or bottom of the container. This way, the grains are aerated in the whole poured height. Because the ventilation is not only actively used to cool the grains, but also to dry them, the air is saturated with moisture after a certain path, unnecessary energy losses arise in the next grain flow and, in addition, saturated air at the exit from the granule embankment, the cooler environment releases moisture that moistens the upper grain layer in the hopper. Placing the aeration element in half the height of the reservoir in part - eliminates the aforementioned drawbacks and translates such a construction technically challenging. Another existing active ventilation design is the use of a central aeration duct located in a container with a perforated housing. This solution reduces the aerated ridge of the grain of the grain, but can only be used for small containers from the complicated design of the aeration duct for the hopper heights. Also, this solution can only be used for containers designed for this purpose, and these must be spaced at a distance to allow air to flow through their housing. This construction cannot be incorporated into existing containers and it is not possible to actively ventilate the selected grain layer.

Pri iných konštrukciach aktívneho vetra-nia sa umiestňujú prevzdušňovacie kanályzvonka na steny zásobníka, čím sa dosahu-je rovnoměrné aktivně vetranie celého ná-sypu zrnin, avšak toto riešenie sa dá použiťlen v zásobnikoch na tento účel osobitnekonštruovaných, regulácia aktívneho vetra-nia v závislosti na výške zrnin v zásobníkuje vytvořená zložitým systémom komor vovstupnom potrubí s osobitnými ventilátor-mi v každej komoře. Výška vybranej aktiv-ně vetranej vrstvy zrnin je daná výškou ko-mory. Taktiež nemožno osobitne aktivně vet-rať násyp zrnin vo výsypke zásobníka. Uve-dená konštrukcia sa nedá zabudovat do e-xistujúcich zásobníkov.In other active ventilation constructions, the aeration channels are placed on the wall of the reservoir, thereby actively ventilating the entire grain system evenly, but this solution can be used in reservoirs specifically designed for this purpose, controlling the active ventilation depending on the height of the grain in the container is formed by a complex system of chambers in the inlet duct with separate fans in each chamber. The height of the selected actively ventilated grain layer is determined by the height of the chamber. It is also not possible to vigorously propel the grain of the grain in the hopper hopper. The aforementioned construction cannot be incorporated into the e-reservoirs.

Vyššie uvedené nedostatky sú odstráne-né zariadením na aktivně vetranie zrnin vzásobnikoch pódia vynálezu, ktorého pod-stata spočívá v tom, že k vnútornému povr-chu zásobníka a vo výsypke zásobníka je u-pevnené najmenej jedno zvislé vstupné po-trubie vzduchu s odbočkou pre chladiaci ag-regát, a na protifahlej straně je na vnútor-nej stene zásobníka umiestnené najmenejjedno zvislé výstupné potrubie vzduchu, kdev každom potrubí je umiestnený piest, kto-rý je cez lano spojený s příslušným navíje- cím zariadením. Na vstupnom potrubí vzdu-chu je umiestnené puzdro pre vloženie za-plyňovacieho prostriedku. Navíjacie zaria-denie mdže byť upevněné na streche alebov spodnej časti zásobníka. Puzdro pre vlože-nie zaplyňovacieho prostriedku móže byť u-miestnené v spodnej časti vstupného potru-bia alebo súčasne v spodnej alebo hornejčasti vstupného potrubia vzduchu.The aforementioned drawbacks are eliminated by the device for actively ventilating the grains of the inventive devices, the essence of which is that at least one vertical air inlet pipe with a tap for the tap is fixed to the inner surface of the container and the hopper hopper. an ag-regulating coil, and at least one vertical air outlet conduit is disposed on the upstream side of the reservoir on the opposite side, and a plunger is attached to each conduit, which is connected to the respective coiling device via a rope. A housing is provided on the air inlet conduit for receiving the gasifying means. The winding device can be mounted on the roof or at the bottom of the container. The housing for introducing the gassing means may be located at the bottom of the inlet duct or at the same time in the lower or upper part of the air inlet duct.

Vložením prevzdušňovacích potrubí vzdu-chu do vnútra zásobníka sa zvyšuje rovno-měrnost' rozptýlenia vzduchu v skladovanýchzrninách pri aktívnom větraní. Taktiež pre-dlženie prevzdušňovacieho potrubia do vý-.sypky zásobníka umožňuje začať aktivněvetranie zrnin hned' po začiatku naskladne-nia, čo je velmi potřebné najma pri vlhkýchzrninách.By introducing the aeration lines of the air into the interior of the container, the air dispersion uniformity in the stored grain increases with active ventilation. Also, extending the aeration conduit to the hopper hopper allows to start actively ventilating the grains immediately after storage, which is particularly necessary for wet grains.

Jednoduchá a účinnú reguláciu aktívne-ho vetrania v zásobníku pri menlivom násy-pe zrnin umožňujú piesty v prevzdušňova-cích potrubiach. Presunom piestov do ur-čitej polohy v prevzdušňovacích potrubiachmožno dosiahnúť aj aktivně vetranie l'ubo-volnej vrstvy násypu zrnin.The simple and effective control of the active ventilation in the reservoir, with slight grain growth, is enabled by the pistons in the aeration ducts. By moving the pistons to a certain position in the aeration ducts, it is also possible to actively ventilate the free or loose layer of the grain bed.

Umiestnenie navijácích zariadení na stře-chu zásobníka alebo v spodnej časti zásob-níka umožňuje ich jednoduchá obsluhu.Rýchle a bezpečné zaplynenie obilia protiškodcom umožňujú puzdra pre umiestne-nie zaplyňovacích prostriedkov a pre pri-pojenie chladiacich agregátov slúžia odboč-ky na sústave vstupných potrubí.The location of the winch devices at the container bottom or at the bottom of the container allows them to be operated easily. The fast and safe gassing of the grain by the anti-alien allows the housing to accommodate the gassing means and taps on the inlet manifold system to connect the cooling units.

Na připojených výkresoch je zobrazenézariadenie na aktivně vetranie zrnin v zá-sobníkoch podl'a vynálezu, kde na obr. 1 jezobrazený zásobník s navíjacím zariadenímumiestneným na streche na obr. 2 je nakres-lený zásobník s navíjacím zariadením u-miestneným v spodnej časti zásobníka.In the accompanying drawings, there is shown an apparatus for actively ventilating grains in containers according to the invention, wherein a container with a winding device located on the roof of FIG. 2 is shown in FIG. 1 with a container with a winding device disposed at the bottom of the container.

Do zásobníka 1 a výsypky 3 zásobníka jena vnútornej stene zásobníka 1 z jednej stra-ny umiestnené najmenej jedno vstupné po-trubie 2 vzduchu s tlačnými ventílátormi6. Na protilahlej stene zásobníka 1 je u-miestnené najmenej jedno výstupné potru-bie 4 vzduchu. Výstupné potrubie 1 vzduchuje vybavené sacími ventílátormi 8. Pri ven-tilátore 6 na vstupnom potrubí 2 vzduchusa nachádza odbočka 10 pre pripojenie chla-diaceho agregátu a puzdro 11 pre umiest-nenie zaplyňovacích prostriedkov. V zásob-níku 1 sa nachádza násyp 7 zrnin. V každom potrubí je umiestnený piest 5s příslušným navíjacím zariadením 12. Zá-sobník 1 je zakrytý střechou 9. Pri velmivysokých zásobnikoch 1 sú ventilátory 6 a8 umiestnené z obidvoch stráň vstupnýchpotrubí 2 vzduchu a výstupných potrubí 4vzduchu. Pre menšie výšky zásobnikoch 1sa ventilátory 6 a 8 umiestňujú len z jednejstrany vstupných potrubí 2 vzduchu a vý-stupných potrubí 4 vzduchu.At least one air inlet duct 2 with pressure fans 6 is disposed in the container 1 and the hopper hopper 3 for the inner wall of the container 1. At least one air outlet pipe 4 is disposed on the opposite wall of the container 1. The air outlet duct 1 is provided with suction fans 8. In the fan 6 on the air inlet duct 2, there is a branch 10 for connecting the cooling unit and a housing 11 for positioning the gassing means. In the reservoir 1 there is a grain seed 7. A plunger 5 is positioned in each duct with the respective winding device 12. The container 1 is covered by a roof 9. In the case of high-capacity containers 1, the fans 6 and 8 are arranged from both sides of the air inlet ducts 2 and the air outlet ducts 4. For smaller tank heights, the fans 6 and 8 are located only from one side of the air inlet ducts 2 and the air outlet ducts 4.

Taktiež je možné riešenie, kde ventiláto- ry 6 sú v spodnej časti vstupných potrubí 2 vzduchu a ventilátory 8 sú v hornej čas-There is also a solution where the fans 6 are at the bottom of the air inlet ducts 2 and the fans 8 are at the top

Claims

2 6 J.5 1.1 With or without air outlet ducts 4. Only one inlet pipe 2 and one air outlet pipe 4 are used in the reservoir 1 for smaller cross-sections of containers 1 and a small amount of supplied air. With the closing cross section of the containers 1 and the additional requirements for the supply of air, the number of air ducts 2 and 4 used is proportional. The device for actively ventilating the grains in the containers operates as follows: When the hopper 7 is formed at least in the hopper 3 of the hopper, the pistons S are moved in the air intake ducts 2 to the lowest position by the winding device and the fans 6 in the bottom of the air inlet duct 2. The blown air from the fans 6 passes through the air inlet duct 2 into the grain dump 7 where it exits into the free space of the container 1, where it escapes through the openings in the container 9 or is exhausted by the fans 8 through the air outlet duct 4. the increase of the grain hopper 7 in the pipes 5 and 4, depending on the height of the grain embankment 7, is shifted so that the air flows from the air intake ducts 4 to the air outlets 4 when the bottom fans 6 and 8 are switched on, through a grain of 7 grain. After filling the container 1 with the fans 6 and 8 on both ends of the pipes 2 and 4, the pistons are moved by means of the winches 12 to the half-height of the container 1 and all the fans 6 and 8 are actuated, thereby actively activating the entire filling volume 7 grains. When we use the reversing fans of the ventilator function 6 and 8, it can be exchanged to achieve even more evenly active ventilation of the grain bed 7. If there is a need for active ventilation of a certain layer of granulate, eg in self-heating, the pistons S in the inlet ducts 2 are moved in the air.

Apparatus for actively ventilating grains by means of reservoirs comprising a reservoir to which inlet and outlet perforated conduits are fixed on the inside, with an air ventilator, characterized in that at least one inlet conduit is attached to the inner side of the reservoir (1) and the reservoir hopper (3) (2) an air outlet (10) for connecting the cooling agent and at least one air outlet conduit (4) on the opposite wall of the container (1), wherein a piston (5) is disposed in each conduit (2, 4), which is connected via a rope to a respective winding device (12), wherein a housing (11) is placed on the air inlet line (2) for receiving the gasifying means.

2. An apparatus for actively ventilating the grains in the upper portion of the actively ventilated grain bed layer 7, and the pistons 5 in the air outlet pipes moving to the lower position of the actively ventilated grain bed layer. Then the fans 6 in the lower part of the container 1 and the fan 8 in the upper part of the container 1 are actuated. If we use the active air-cooled mode in the summer months, the fans B are closed by the raised flap and the cooling aggregate is connected to the branch 10 in which the fans are also switched on. 8. In the winter months, ambient cooling air is used to cool the grain embankment 7 with the fans 6 and 8 switched on. The equipment for actively ventilating grains in containers can be used in winter. without the fan B and 8 being switched on by the chimney effect, where the cold air enters the grain hopper 7 via the air inlet duct 2 and exits through the top of the air outlet ducts 4, wherein the air inlet ducts 2 are closed in the upper part and the outlet air duct 4 are closed in the lower part. In the gassing of the grain embankment 7 with the anti-cushion, the container 1 is airtightly closed, a gasifying means is placed in the housing 11, which, after evaporation in the air intake ducts 2, is blown by the fans G and 8 with a small amount of air to feed 7 grains and then the container 1 the prescribed time closes. After the gassing time has elapsed, the interlayer is degassed by switching on the fans 6 and 8 while observing the prescribed safety regulations. Said construction of the device for actively ventilating the grain in the containers fulfills the function of the explosion-proof flaps, since it enters the gas pressure from the cereal burst, this pressure can expand into the inlet and outlet pipes 2 and 4 of the air. characterized in that the winding devices (12) are mounted at the bottom of the container (1).

Apparatus for actively ventilating grains by means of the containers according to claim 1, characterized in that the winding devices (12) are mounted on the roof (9) of the container (1).

4. Apparatus for actively ventilating grains by means of a device according to claim 1, characterized in that the casings (11) for receiving the gassing means are located in the lower part of the air inlet ducts (2).

5. Device for actively ventilating grains by means of a device according to claim 1, characterized in that the casings (11) for receiving the gassing means are located in the lower and upper parts of the air inlet ducts (2). 2 sheets of drawings