CS260997B1 - Method of careful separating aluminosilicates and in them contained graphite from synthetic diamonds - Google Patents

Description

Ha3BaHHe Η3θ6ρβΤεΗΗΗ

Cnoco6 oTflejieHHH cBH3biBaromero MaTepnajia h 3aKJitoneHHoro b ηβμ ΓρβφΗτβ οτ chhτετΗΗβεκΗχ ajiMa3 0B. OSjiACTb ΠρΗΜβΗβΗΗΗ θ3θ6ρβΤβΗΗΗ θ3θ6ρβτβΗΗβ npHMeHHeTca πρκ nonytieHHH CHHTeTHqecKHx ajiMa3OB κ xacaeTca cno-co6a oT ^ ejieHHfl ajnoMocmniKaTOB κ hx rpa4> HTHbix BKJimeHHn.

XapaKTepHCTHxa H3BecTHbix τβχΗΗΚβοκκχ pemeHHn

Henocpe «cTBeHHo nocne cHHTeaa εκΗτετΗ ^ εεκκε ajiMaaw safl & nbiBaHbi b Μβτρκρε, cocToame H3 MaTepHajia KaTannaaTopa, Γρβφκτβ η οηληκητηογο MaTepnana, bnacTHocra ajuoMocřtriHKaTOB. yflaneHHe xaTajmaaTopa bo3moxho προη3βολητβ c noMoqbw o6pa6oTKH KHCJioTaMH.Γρβφκτ Μοκετ 6ωτι> ycTpaHeH no HasecTHOMy MeTony. OflHaxo oco6eHHO cnosHbíMoxa3biBaeTCB oTffejieHHe ajuoMocwiHKaTHbix κομποηθητοβ, no noBpewaiomee ajiMasu. C nOMOlUblO φΤΟΡΗΟΤΟΒΟΗΟρΟΛΗΟϋ KHCJIOTblHJIH CMBCH φΤΟΡΗΟΤΟΒΟΗΟρΟΑΗΟή KHCJIOTblc flpyrHMH KHCJioTaMH npoHcxoflHT κβκ npaBKno tojibko HenonHoe pa3JioxeHHe ammoniated MocHJiHKaTOB, ocoSeHHo πρκ npHcyTCTBHH flpyrnx OKHceň MeTajuioB, Mep-XAX Hanpn okhch THTana. 06pa6oTica pacTBopoM eflKoro HaTpa non AaBJíeHHeM cornacnocnocočy Eaňepa Taxíce He πρηβο «ητ k pacTBopemno coe« HHeHHň κρθμηηη, H3 na-TeHTa CBIA. (P 3 386-805 H3BecTHo yflajieHHe HaaBaHHbix MaTepnanoB c noMoqbio pac-iuiaBOB rnflpooKHceň mejioHHbix ΜβτβπποΒ h / hjih KapSonaTOB nejioMHbix MeTajuioB, oflHaKO npn npn BoaHHKaiotUHX one hundred meters TeMnepaTypax Bbnne 400eC ajiMa3 saMeTHo no-BpeatwaeTCH. 06pa6oTKa TeTpaSopaTOM ηβτρηη (Sypa) η Φτορη «ομ ΗβτρΗΛ b ητμο-εφερε HHepTHbix rasoB H3-aa bmcokhx TeMnepaTyp flo 1200 ° C Tax He He HBJinTCHcSeperaiontHM ajih ajiMaaos.

Ujejib HaoSpeTeHHH

UeJIb Η3θ6ρβΤβΗΗΗ T B B H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H,,,,,,,, 260997

Η3 · ΠΟ? ΚβΗΗβ CymHOCTH H3o6peTeHHH B ocHOBe H3o6peTeHHH not counting the 3aflana cosflaHHs cnocoSa 6epe? Khor OTfleneHHH of anionic MOCHJlHKaTOB H 3aKBIOUeHHOrO B HHX rpaýHTa OT CHHTeTHHeCKHX aJIMa3OB npn τθμ- nepaType hhjkg 150 ° C η npn HopManbHOM αηβμηημ. «

CornacHO H3o6peTeHHio, night OTfleneHHH MaTepnana KaTajin3aTopa h ochobhotoKOjmqecTBa ΓρβφπτΗ, CMecb CHHTe3a Hanan o6pa6aTbiBaeTCH ΦτορηοτοβοαοροαηοηKHcnoToň, night nero cneflyeT o6pa6oTxa cepHoň khchotoh ηπη oKiicnaromeH CMe Cbio η / ηπη © 6pa6oTKa menonaMH, npnneM TeMnepaTypa peaKflHH He npeBbímaeT 150 ° Ch o6pa6oTKa npoH3BOflHTcn npn HopManbHOM flaBneHHH. Acy κ om om H H H H H H H H H H H H H acy acy acy acy acy acy acy acy acy acy acy acy acy acy acy acy acy acy B 3 3 3 If there is a risk of npHMeHHTbOppaPoPoPoCoGHGGHPoP, the HHnpn TeMiPePePeLHeHe is 150 ° C.

KoHpeHTpayHH pacTBopa eflKoň menonH cocTaBJíněT 25-45!?, And npoflonsoíTenbHocTbBO3jn (στ eňcTBHa 0.25 ρ, ο 3 nacoB. FlanbHeňineM προ B, αοπχθηηη n3o6peTeHHH HenocpeflCTBeHHo nocne o6pa6oTKH φτορκο-TOBOflopoflHoň khchotoh cneflyeT noflorpeB c cepHoň khchotoh nocneflymmeň c 06-c paóoTKoň mejionbio npoflonjKHTenbHOCTbto BO3fleftCTBHH b npeflenax 5 ot 30 MH-flo HYT. KpoMe τογο, cornacHO H3o6peTeHHio, BMecTO o6pa6oTKH cepHoň khcjiotoh Mo ®eT HpoH3BOflHTbCH oKHCjieHHe γρηΦητη, 3aKjnoqeHHoro b chjihkhthom MaTepHajie HOCBO0O3KfleHHOrO 3aTeM BCHeflCTBHe OČpaSOTKH φΤΟρΗΟΤΟΒΟΑΟρΟΑΗΟΗ KHCJIOTOH. 3aTeMcneflyeT o6pa6oTKa menonbio,

IIpHMep HCnOJIHeHHH

Cnoco6, cornacHO H3o6peTeHHK>, onHCbiBaeTCH 6onee ποαρο6ηο πρκ πομοειη τρεχ πρκ-MepOB HCnOJIHeHHH.

CorjiacHO nepBOMy npHMepy HcnonHeHHH 2 R CMecH npoflyKTa cHHTe3a ο6μηηημnyTeM H36aBJiaioT rpm MaTepnana KaTajiH3aTopa h ocBočoacfleHHoro τρεφΗΤΗ, and 3a-ΤβΜ nocjie flOČaBJíeHHH 5 MJI 40% -one φΤΟρΗΟΤΟΒΟΑΟρΟΑΗΟΗ KHCHOTbl H OflHOH KaiUIHKOHpeHTpHpoBaHHoň cepHoň KHCJioTbi, nepeMeinHBaa c noMombio MeinajiKH ποκρωτοκποηΗτετρεφτορΒΤΐυιεΗΟΜ b πηβτηηοβομ hjih ποκρωτοΜ ποηΗτετρΑφτορΒΤΗηβΗΟΜ TH- rejie, BbinapHBaioT Hacyxo. TeMnepaTypes of cocraBnaeT 115 ° C. Ilpoijecc flBa pa3a ποβ-TopaeTca c floČaBneHneM 2,5 μπ φτορΗετοΒΟΑοροΑΗοή khcjio ™ KajKrbi pas. IIpHMe-HaeTca peryjiHpyeMaa noflorpeBaTenbHan iuiHTa.

HenocpeflCTBeHHo nocne 3τογο ocTaTOK nepeBOflHT b npHroflHbiň nnn peaKflHH cocyflh 1.5 naca κηπητητ c 30-35% -biM pacTBopoM eflKoro HaTpa, nepeMemHBaa y o6paT-ηογο ποτοκβ. Ar M ň ň ň ň ň ň ň ň ň ň ň ar ar ar ar ar ar ar 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 η η η η η η η η η η η η η η η η η η η η η η η η η B flanbmeM, no BTopoM npHMepy HcnonHeHHH, 2 r CMecH npoflyKT CHHTe3a 06-paSaTbiBatoTca cornacHO npHMepy 1 flo cTaflHH oSpaoTKH Φτορηοτοβοαοροαηοη khcho-τοϋ. 3aTeM cneflyeT noflorpeBaHHe b TeneHne 30 MHHyT c 5 μπ κοηαθητρηροβαηηοηKHcnoTH. KHcnoTHbiň pacTBop BMEC C 50 μπ boam nepeBOflHT xHMHnecKHň cTanaHη φΗπητρνιοτ b, c πρΗΗθΜ flenbio ynynineHHa Φηη ^ τρβαηοηηηχ cbohctb Ballad 6biTb AO- fíaBneHbí πρηγοαημθ οοθαηηθηηη (HanpHMep KapSoHaTbi, 6HKap6oHaTbi, xnopiiflbí, ch-DCH ηπη rHflpooKHCH menoH.HO3eMenbHbix MeTannoB) ηπη pacTBop μοχθτ 6biTb noflorpe-TblM.

Octatok φΗΠΒτρΗΐχΗΗ BMecTe 50 μπ BOflbí nepeBOflHTca b πρηγοαημη nna peaKflHHcocyfl. floSaBnaioT 12 r γηαροοκηοη hhtphh. 3aTeM HarpeBawT flo π π h b b b b b b b b b b b h τ τ flo flo 99 99 99

AND

MeHHe 15 MHHyT octhbjihjot npH TeMnepaType κηπθηηη. riocjie oxJiawfleHHH c noMombtocojihhoh KficjioTbi yCTaHaanHBawT BOflopoflHbn noKa3aTenb Pots 3 hnyTeM ct> n.nbTpa-iHhhhhhhhhhhqrr acHflKOCTb ot anMa3OB. Πο TpeTbeMy npuMepy HcnojiHemifl 2 r CMecu npoflyKTa cnHTe3a o6pa6aTHBaroTcacomacHO npHMepy 1 flo CTaflHH o6fia6oTKH φτορκετΌΒοοοροοΗοή khcjiotoh. "3aTeMcneflyeT o6pa6oTKa khcjiotoh what CMecbto khcjiot (20 mji), coflepacameň npe-HMymecTBeHe cepHywCHyHyH, cHeHHeMe cHoReCoSHHoRHeRpacfrHTa (HanpHMepcornacHO xaAcTeSHHOMom naTeHHOMom naTeTe WP C 01 B 265 266.2). CMecb BMecTe c 150 μπβολή nepeBOflHT b xHMHneckHH cTaKaH h <t> HJibTpyioT. HenocpeflCTBeHHO nocne βτογοOCTHTOK φΚΠΒΤρβΙΪΗΗ ΒΜβΟΤβ C 50 MJI BOflH nepeBOflHT B ΠρΗΓΟΛΗΗΗ flJIH peaKyHHcocyfl. 12B 12 pe pe pe io io io r r r r r r r r r r a a M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M TeMnepaType κηπθηηη. Ilocjie oxJiawneHHH c no-Mombio cojihhoíí KHCJioTbi ycTaHaBJíHBawT BOflopoflHbiH noKa3aTenb HHXe 3 H nyTeMφΗΠΒΤραΐχΗΗ OTfleJIHIOT JKHflKOCTh OT aJIMa30B.

OopMyna H3o6peTeHHH. Cnoco6 SepejKHoro οτλθπθηηη ajnoMocmiHKaTOB h 3θκπκ) ηθηηογο β HHX ΓρθφΗΤθOT CHHTeTHHeCKHX aJIMa3OB rivet KOMĎHHHpOBaHHOÍI o6pa6OTKH KHCJIOTaMH, okhc-JIHKMUHMH CMeCHMH Η ΠξβηΟΗΛΜΗ, OTJlHHaiOIUHHCH ΤβΜ, ΗΤΟ npOH3BOflHTCH o6pa6OTKaφτορΗοτοΒΟΛοροΛΗΟΗ khcjiotoh, nocjie κοτοροή 'CJie ^ yet o6pa6oTKa cepHoň KHC-Noton hjih OKHCJiHwmeft cMecbio h / hjih o6pa6oTKa menonaMH, npHneM TeMnepaTypapeaKUHH He npeBbnuaeT 150 ° C h Bce oOpaSoTKH προη3Βολητοη npH HopMajibHOMflaBJieHHH. 2. Cnocoó, corjiácHo nyHKTy.1, oTJiHnaiomHťícH τθμ, ητορηοτοβολοροληθη khc-jioTa 40% -an, hto BbmapHBaioT Hacyxo h stot nponecc flBa pa3a noBTopneTCH. 3. Cnoco6, corjiácHo nyHKTaM 1h 2, oTJiHHaroniHňcH τβΜ, ητο ΦτορηοτοβολοροληβηKHCJioTa coflepjKHT HeaHanHTejibHbie hojih flpyroň khcjioth, β ηβοτηοοτη cepHyňKHCJIOTbl. Fourth Cnoco6, corjiácHo nyHKTaM 1-3 oTjnmawmHHca τβΜ, HTO HenocpencTBenHonocjie oĎpaSoTKH φτορκοτοΒοηοροΛΗοή KHCJioToň b nacTHOcTH β npoMeacyTKeBpeMeHH flo 30 MHHyT, CJienyeŤ o6pa6oTKa menonaMH and Taxwe npoH3Bo «HTca Oo-pa6oTKa menonaMH c noMombio pacTBopa βοκοή menoHH b nacTHocTH pacTBopaeflKoro HaTpa c κοηλθητρηληθη 25-45%, 30-35% npeHMymecTBeHHo, πρκ HajiHHHHočpaTHoro NOTOX, πρηΊθμ npononwHTejibHOCTb peaKipiH cocTaBJíneT rt 0.5 3 flo nacoB b nacTHocTH 1.5 NACA, CMecb bo βρθμη βτογο nepeMeinHBaeTCH hTeMnepaTypa peaKijHH cocTaBJíneT 100-150eC, npeHMynjecTBeHHo 130 - 150 C. 5. Cnocoó, corjiácHo nyHKTaM 1-3, OTJinnaiomHiícH τβΜ, π το HenocpencTBeHHonočně o6pa6oTKH φτορκοτοΒοηοροΛΗοή khcjiotoé cnenyβτ o6pa6oTKa cepHoňKHCJIOTOÍÍ HJIH npOH3SoflHTCH OÓpaÓOTKa CMeCbiO, COCTOameft H3 cepHoň khcjioth, a3OTHoň khcjioth η ληχρομητβ mejioHHoro MeTajuia hjih okhch xpoMa (VI) , flji and oKHCJieHHfl ocTaTOHHoro τρβφΗτβ h CMecb peaKTHBOB b TeweHHe 10-60 MH-HyT, b nacTHOcTH 30 MHHyT, nojwepKHBaeTCH Ha ypoBHe 100-150 ° C, npeHMy-n, ecTBeHHo npH 13C; Sixth Cnoco6, cornacHo nyHKTaM 1-3 h nyHKTy 5 oTJiHHawmHňcH τβΜ, HTO-aa oópa όοτκοίί KHCJioTaMH cneflyeT oópaÓoTKa menonaMH, πρκ κοτοροή πρΗΜβΗΗβτβΗ PA ctbop eflKoft mejioHH b nacTHocTH pacTBop eflKoro HaTpa h κοηιιθητρβιιηη coc-TaBJíaeT 15-35% 20 - 25%, and npoflonxHTejibHocTb peaKiHHfljiHTCH 5 - 50 MHHyT, b HacTHocTH 10 - 15 MHHyT, h TeMnepaTypaHHcocTaBJiaeT 100 - 150 C, npeHMymecTBeHHO 130 - 140 ° C. 260997 - /, - /. Cnoco6, cornacno nyHKTaM 1-4 η πγκκτγ 6 oTnHHawmHHCH τθμ, HTO nocjieo6pa6oTKH qenonaMH c noMombw HeopraHunecKoň khcjioth, npeuMymecTBeuHo co-jiHHoň khcjioth b cocyfle fljia ρεβκμΗΗ ycTanaBJíHBawT BOflopoflHbin noKa3aTenbHH «e third one eighth Cnoco6, cornacHo nyHKTaM 1-7, OTJiHnaioiuHňcH τèμ, hto Ha Kaxfloň oTflejib-hoíí CTyneHH 3Toro cnoco6a CMecb peaKTHBOB no MeHbniň Mepe βρθμθηηο nepe-MemHBaeTCH. Ρθ3Κ) aca3ο6ρθτθηηθ KacaercH cnocoSa οτη &amp; πβΗΗΗ CBH3biBaiomero MaTepnana h 3aKjnoneHHo-ΓΟ B ΗΘΜ rpa <j) HTa OT CHHTeTHHeCKHX anMa3OB. HT3θ6ρβΤΘΗΗΘ ΠρΗΜΘΗΗΘΤΘΗ Πρ. ΠΟηγΗΘΗΗΗ CHHTeTH3eCKHX ajIMa3OB. 3aflana coctoht b co3flaHHH cnocoóa ÓepewHoro ο β H β H OB 3 3 3 3 a a J J J J J Η Η Η Η Η Η p p p. Ρθπιθηηθ, cornacHo η3ο6ρθτθηηιο, coctoht b nacTHOCTH b that MTO nocjieflOBaTenb HO npOH3BOflHTCH OÓpaÓOTKa (}> TOpHCTOBOflOpO, HHoň KHCJIOToň, CepHoň KHCJ1OTOH HJIHOKHCJiswmeň CMecbro h / hjih o6pa6oTxa menonaMH, πρηηθμ TeMnepaTypa peaKipm ηθnpeBbnnaeT 150 ° C h oópaóoTKa npon3BoflHTCH npn HopMajibHOM flaBJíeHHH. ΠρΗ3Η3ΗΟ K300ρθΤΘΗΗΘΜ ΠΟ pe3yjIbTaTaM 3KCnepTH3bl, OCymeCTBJIHHOH BeflOMCTBOMNoNh HOoPoTeHHn η πβτθητοβ fflP.

Claims (3)

SUBJECT MATTER CLAIMS 1. A process for the gentle separation of aluminosilicates and graphite from synthetic diamonds by treatment with hydrofluoric acid, oxidizing agents and aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, characterized in that the immediate treatment with hydrofluoric acid is carried out by oxidation treatment followed by immediate treatment with 25 to 35% aqueous sodium hydroxide, wherein all sieving steps are carried out at a temperature of up to 150 ° C under normal pressure. 2. The process of claim 1 wherein the hydrofluoric acid treatment is evaporated to dryness and the process is repeated twice. 3. The process according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the temperature reaction is 130 to 140 ° C and the reaction time is 15 to 20 min. 260997