CS260400B1 - Defoamer - Google Patents

Abstract

The solution relates to an antifoam that is it consists of 20 to 70% of a mixture of nonionic surfactants fatty acid oxyethylation acids and / or higher fatty amines and 30 to 80% higher fatty alcohols and / or ethylene oxide copolymers propylene oxide. The defoamer has good defoaming effectiveness on detergents and therefore it is suitable as a detergent additive designed for automatic washing machines.

Description

The invention relates to a defoamer consisting of a mixture of nonionic surfactants.

In technical practice, the use of aqueous media often causes disturbing foam. Such specific examples include cellulose production, refining processes in the textile industry, in the food industry, in the production of yeast and sugar. A separate chapter is the production of detergents, especially for use in automatic washing machines. Effective antifoams based on organosilicon compounds or mixtures thereof with other substances are known (U.S. Pat. No. 3,250,727, U.S. Pat. No. 3,355,395, U.S. Pat. No. 3,383,327, U.S. Pat. No. 3,395,102, U.S. Pat. No. 3,455,839, U.S. Pat. No. 3,076,768, U.S. Pat. No. 3,304,266, U.S. Pat. No. 3,267,042, U.S. Pat.

Also known are antifoams based on mineral and vegetable oils and fats, fatty acids and their derivatives (U.S. Pat. No. 2,923,687, U.S. Pat. No. 3,198,744), based on oxyethylated oil (U.S. Pat. No. 3,180,836), based on alkylene oxide phenols and their derivatives (U.S. Pat. No. 3,215,635) Aliphatic alcohols (isopropanol, 2-ethylhexanol) are used as antifoams.

CSL. A. O. 183 982 discloses as a defoaming agent composed of higher fatty acids, vegetable and mineral oils and products obtained by alkylene oxidation of higher fatty acids or alcohols. A stingier type of defoamer is stated by the Czechoslovak. A.O. 236 099, which is composed of a distillation residue from the crude product of cyclohexanol production. Other types of defoamers are cyclic acetals, hexamethylolmelamine-based products and alkyl phosphates. Ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymers are also used as antifoams.

The disadvantage of silicone antifoams is their high cost. They are also not suitable for some finishing processes in the textile industry, because at higher temperatures they can separate from the emulsifier and form greasy stains on the textile materials. A disadvantage of lower aliphatic alcohols is their flammability. Products based on 2-ethylhexanol coated with cyclohexanol have an unpleasant odor, preventing their use in the textile industry and in the production of low-foaming detergents. Defoamers that contain mineral or vegetable oils also have the disadvantage that they are poorly effective, can be easily separated from the other antifoam components and then cause unwanted greasy stains or biodegradable and cause mold and odor formation. The copolymers of ethylene oxide with propylene oxide alone have low defoaming efficiency.

We have found that the above-mentioned deficiencies can be eliminated and high antifoaming effects can be achieved by means of an antifoam, which consists of 20 to 70% by weight. a nonionic surfactant and / or a surfactant mixture of the general formula:

R - A-- _(CH2 - CHO) _{m H} wherein R

R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 10 to 22 carbon atoms,

R ₍ represents hydrogen or methyl)

R ₂ is hydrogen or - (CH ₂ -CHO) _n H

ri

A is -O-;

O or —N—

R ₂ m + n represents an integer from 2 to 8 and 30 to 80 wt. of a higher C 10 -C 22 fatty alcohol and / or copolymer of ethylene oxide with propylene oxide with a mole. 2,000 to 4,000 with an ethylene oxide content of 5 to 15 wt.

An advantage of the antifoam according to the present invention is that it is prepared from available raw materials, contains no mineral or vegetable oils, contains no flammable materials or products based on 2-ethylhexanol or cyclohexanol that could cause a typical odor.

The antifoam of the present invention may also be applied in combination with other antifoams, including silicone. It can be diluted with solvents.

Further details regarding the antifoam composition of the present invention as well as the antifoam efficiency and other advantages are apparent from the examples.

Example 1

At 60 ° C, 33.3 wt. % oxyethylated stearic acid with 6 moles of ethylene oxide, 33.3 wt. % of a copolymer of ethylene oxide with propylene oxide, the average mol. the weight of the polypropylene glycol chain is 3,000 + 100 g.mok ¹ and the amount of ethylene oxide bound is 10% by weight. and 33.3 wt. % higher fatty alcohol of 13 to 15 carbon atoms (ACROPOL - 35). The resulting product at 20 ° C is of a liquid consistency and its antifoam activity is shown in Example 8.

Example 2

At 60 ° C, 33.3 wt. % Of oxyethylated stearic acid with 7 moles of ethylene oxide, 33.3 wt. % oxyethylated octadecylamine with 2 moles of ethylene oxide and 33.3 wt. % of a higher C 10 to C 15 fatty alcohol. The resulting product at 20 ° C is a viscous liquid, and its antifoam activity is shown in Example no. 8th

EXAMPLE 3

At 50-70 ° C, 30.0 wt. % oxyethylated stearic acid with 5 moles of ethylene oxide, 40.0 wt. % of a copolymer of ethylene oxide with propylene oxide, the average mol. the weight of the polypropylene glycol chain is 3500 + 100 g. mol ^-1 and the amount of ethylene oxide bound is 35 wt. % and 30.0 wt. % octadecylamine with 3 moles of ethylene oxide. The resulting product at 20 ° C is a pasty substance and its antifoam activity is shown in Example no. 8th

attaches

At 50-70 ° C, 50.0 wt. % technical mixture of saturated fatty acids (composition: C _{) 0} - 1 wt. %, C ₁₂ - 1 wt. 2 wt. % _{C! G} 51 wt. %, C ₁₈ - 44.5 wt. %, C ₂₀ - 0.5 wt. θ / ο) with 4 moles of ethylene oxide, 20.0 wt. % of a copolymer of ethylene oxide with propylene oxide, the average mol. the weight of the polypropylene glycol chain is 2100 + 100 g / mol ¹ and the amount of ethylene oxide bound is 5.0 wt. % and 30.0 wt. pen. higher fatty alcohol (composition: C 0 - 3 wt.%, C ₂ - 60 wt.%, C 14 - 25 wt.%, C, - 10 wt.%, C ₈ - 2 wt. % by weight - LOROL 1018 (Henkel).

The resulting product is a viscous liquid at 20 ° C and its antifoam activity is shown in Example 8.

Example 5

20.0 wt. % of a mixture of stearic acid and palmitic acid (1: 1 weight ratio) which is oxyethylated with 3 moles of ethylene oxide, 50.0 wt. % of the copolymer of ethylene oxide with propylene oxide, the average molecular weight of the polypropylene glycol chain being 3,900 + 100 g.mol ^-1 and the amount of bound ethylene oxide 12.5 wt. % and 30.0 wt. % of higher fatty alcohol (composition: Cis - 7 wt.%, C ₂₀ - 58 wt.%, C ₂₂ - 35 wt.% - ALFOL 2022 by Condea). The resulting product at 20 ° C is a pasty substance and its antifoam activity is shown in Example 8.

Example 6

At 50-70 ° C, 33.0 wt. % stearic acid oxyethylated with 8 moles of ethylene oxide, 35.0 wt. % of a copolymer of ethylene oxide with propylene oxide bound to trimethylolpropane with a mol. by weight of the polypropylene glycol chain 3500 + 100 g. mol ^-1 and the amount of bound ethylene oxide 10.0 wt. % and 32.0 wt. pen. of a higher C ₁₂ to C ₁₅ fatty alcohol (DOBANOL - 25 from Shell). The resulting product at 20 ° C is a viscous liquid and its antifoam activity is shown in Example 8.

Example 7

At 50-70 ° C, 25.0 wt. % of a higher C 10 -C 18 fatty alcohol (LOROL 1018 from Henkel) oxypropylated with 6 moles of propylene oxide, 25.0 wt. % oxyethylated stearic acid with 6 moles of ethylene oxide, 25.0 wt. % of a higher C 10 -C 18 fatty alcohol (LOROL 1018 from Henkel) and 25.0 wt. % of a copolymer of ethylene oxide with propylene oxide, the average mol. the weight of the polypropylene glycol chain is 3,000 + 100 g / mol ¹ and the amount of ethylene oxide bound is 8 wt. θ / ο.

The resulting product at 20 ° C is of a liquid consistency and its antifoam activity is shown in Example 8.

example

The antifoam efficiency of the samples prepared according to Examples 1 to 7 was determined according to the following procedure:

100 cm ^{3 of} standard solution with conc. 1 g. I ^-1 is pipetted into a 500 cm ³ graduated cylinder according to ČSN 70 4117 form II and closed with a ground glass stopper. The standard solution is frothed by inverting the cylinder 180 ° and back for 1 minute 50 times at 20 + 2 ° C.

The height of the foam and the non-foaming solution was measured after 1 minute of completion of the foaming. The foaming power of the standard P _s (in%) is calculated according to the formula:

P _s = —- · 100 where a = height of the foam (cm), b = height of the non-foamed solution (cm).

The antifoam efficacy of the antifoam product - defoamer is determined by a similar procedure to that of a standard foaming solution, except that a foamer of 0.02 g is added to 100 cm ^{3 of the} standard solution at 280400 and the foaming power P '( (%) of the standard, along with an antifoam

The foaming efficiency of the measured sample (OU in%) is calculated according to the formula:

P__p

CA = -—— · 100 sodium lauryl polyglycol ether sulphate saponin defoamer-free detergent (AZUR-85)

The results are shown in the following table:

The following foams were used as the standard foaming solution: standard Foaming efficiency 00 in% antifoams according to the example

foaming solution 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 laurylpolyglykol- sodium ether sulfate 83.5 91.8 84.8 91.9 94.6 87.1 84.1 saponin 96.8 94.3 99.2 93.2 95.6 88.7 89.9 detergent (Azur-85) 84.8 92.4 77.5 90.0 93.2 89.2 84.8

The foaming efficacy of the individual antifoam agents according to the exemplary embodiments was determined according to the procedure described in Example 8 for the sodium lauryl polyglycol ether sulfate sulphate standard and the results are shown in the following table:

Defoaming efficiency in% stearic acid + 5 moles ethylene oxide 61.0 stearic acid + 6 moles ethylene oxide 68.1 stearic acid 7 moles ethylene oxide 06.5 stearic acid + 8 moles ethylene oxide 59.4 mixture of acids according to example 5 + 3 moles ethylene oxide 62.3 Acid mixture according to example 4 + 4 moles ethylene oxide 58.7 ethylene oxide / propylene oxide copolymer according to example 1 70.6 propylene oxide / propylene oxide copolymer of Example 3 60.2 propylene oxide / ethylene oxide copolymer according to example 4 63.0 propylene ethylene oxide copolymer with propylene oxide 63.0 Example 5 78.2 propylene oxide ethylene oxide copolymer according to Example 6 75.2 propylene oxide ethylene oxide copolymer of Example 7 70.0 C13-C15 fatty alcohol 72.0 C10-C15 fatty alcohol 71.2 10 to 18 carbon atoms 74.1 fatty alcohol with 18 to 22 carbon atoms 69.4 fatty alcohol with 12 to 15 carbon atoms 70.0 fatty alcohol having 10 to 18 carbon atoms + + 0 moles of propylene oxide 76.6 octadecylamine + 2 moles of ethylene oxide 60.0 octadecylamine + 3 moles of ethylene oxide 57.0

Claims (1)

290400 1β SUBSTITUTE CLEANER, characterized in that it consists of 20 to 70 wt. % of a nonionic surfactant and / or a mixture of surfactants of the general formula: RA- (CH 2 -CH 2) n, R 1 wherein R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon moiety having from 10 to 22 carbon atoms, R 1 is hydrogen or methyl, R 2 is hydrogen or the invention of A is —O—; N is an integer from 2 to 8 and 30 to 80 wt. % to 10 to 22 carbon atoms and / or to an ethylene oxide / propylene oxide copolymer with a molecular weight of 2000 to 4000 with an ethylene oxide content of 5 to 15 wt. %. - (CH 2 -CHO) "HRi