CS260338B1

CS260338B1 - Hydraulic closure

Info

Publication number: CS260338B1
Application number: CS87966A
Authority: CS
Inventors: Jan Kravec; Ladislav Pavlov; Jan Pracko
Original assignee: Jan Kravec; Ladislav Pavlov; Jan Pracko
Priority date: 1987-02-13
Filing date: 1987-02-13
Publication date: 1988-12-15
Also published as: CS96687A1

Abstract

Riešenie sa týká hydraulického uzávěru pre pohyb pohyblivej došky a vyvodenie hlavnej dotykovej sily, zvlášť u vstrekovacích lisov pre spracovanie plastických hmot a u sírojov pre liatie kovov pod tlakom a spočívá v tom, že v hydraulickom válci sú uložené čelom k sebe dva piesty s piestnicami a medzi ich čelom je vytvořený pracovný cl o tlačný medzipriestor. Před prvým piestom je prvý pracovný priestor a za druhým piestom je druhý pracovný priestor. Plnenie tlakovou kvapalinou medzlpriestoru sa prevedie otvorom vo válci alebo prípojom priestoru otvorom a priestoru otvorom.The solution concerns the hydraulic closure for the movement of the movable thatch and the derivation of the main contact force, especially in injection presses for the processing of plastic materials and in sulfur castings for casting metals under pressure, and consists in the fact that two pistons with piston rings are placed facing each other in the hydraulic cylinder and a working pressure gap is created between their faces. In front of the first piston is the first working space and behind the second piston is the second working space. The filling of the interspace with pressurized liquid is carried out through a hole in the cylinder or a space-to-hole and space-to-hole connection.

Description

Vynález sa týká hydraulického uzávěru pre uzatváranie foriem u vstrekovacích lisov na spracovanie plastických látok, gumy, bakelitu a u strojov pre liatie kovov pod tlakom. Hydraulický uzávěr je použitelný aj v v iných oblastiach a to v polohe horizontálně] a vertikálnej.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a hydraulic closure for molding in injection molding machines for processing plastics, rubber, bakelite and in die casting machines. The hydraulic closure can also be used in other areas in the horizontal and vertical positions.

Nedostatkom doteraz známých hydraulických uzáverov je, že pre velké uzatváracie sily je potřebná velká plocha piestu hydraulického valca a pri velkých zdvihoch velké množstvo tlakovej kvapaliny. Tento nedostatok sa vo svete rieši róznymi spósobmi. Například pomocou samostatných priamočiarych hydromotorov pro rýchly pohyb pohyblivej došky a po uzatvorení uzávěru uvedením do činnosti priamočiareho hydromotora o velkom priereze valca. Iný sposob spočívá v tom, že pri pohybe pohyblivej došky, pomocou rýchlych priamočiarych hydromotorov, sa pohybuje piest vo válci o velkom priereze velkého hydromotora a nasávat tlakovú kvapalinu z prídavnej nádržky nad uzávěr om, potial kým sa hydraulický uzávěr neuzatvorí. Potom sa zapojí nasávací ventil a tlaková kvapalina sa privedie do valca, kde vyvodí požadovaná uzatváraciu silu.A drawback of the prior art hydraulic locks is that a large piston surface of the hydraulic cylinder is required for large closing forces and a large amount of pressure fluid for large strokes. This deficiency is being addressed in different ways around the world. For example, by means of separate linear motors for rapid movement of the movable thatch and after closing the closure by actuating a linear cylindrical linear motor. Another way is that when moving the movable thatch, by means of fast linear hydraulic motors, the piston moves in a large-diameter cylinder of a large hydraulic motor and sucks in the pressure fluid from the auxiliary reservoir above the closure until the hydraulic closure is closed. The intake valve is then connected and the pressurized fluid is fed into the cylinder where it exerts the desired closing force.

Uvedené nedostatky odstraňuje'předmětný vynález hydraulického uzávěru pre pohyb pohyblivej došky a vyvodenie dotlaku, zvlášť u vstrekovacích lisov na spracovanie plastických látok a strojov pre liatie kovov pod tlakom, ktorý pozostáva z hydraulického valca s dvoma piestami a piestnicami, so závorami otvoru v zadnom strmeni, ovládaných dvoma priamočiarymi hydromotormi, podlá vynálezu, ktorého podstata sjočíva v tom, že v hydraulickom válci sú uložené čelom k sebe dva piesty s pisetnicami, medzi ich celami je vytvořený pracovný medzipriestor pre vyvodenie hlavnej dotlakovej sily, před prvým piestom je prvý pracovný priestor a za druhým piestom je druhý pracovný priestor a závoru tvoria dve ocelové došky, ktoré na jednej straně majú polkruhové vybranie pre čiastočné prekrytie otvoru a sú k sebe alebo od seba posúvané dvoma dvojčinnými priamočiarymi hydromotormi.The aforesaid drawbacks are overcome by the present invention of a hydraulic closure for moving a movable thatch and applying pressure, particularly in plastic injection molding machines and pressurized metal casting machines, which consists of a hydraulic cylinder with two pistons and piston rods with bolts of a hole in the rear yoke, controlled by two linear hydraulic motors according to the invention, which consists in the fact that two pistons with piston rods are arranged in front of each other in the hydraulic cylinder, a working intermediate space is created between their cells for exerting the main pressure force; the second piston is the second working space and the bolt consists of two steel thatchs which on one side have a semicircular recess for partially overlapping the bore and are pushed together or apart by two double-acting rectilinear motors.

Výhody hydraulického uzávěru podlá vynálezu spočívajú v tom, že pro rýchle uzatváranie a otváranie formy je použitý len jeden priamočiary hydromotor s dvoma piestami a troma pracovnými priestormi, pri uzatváraní sa využívá protitlaku na tlmenie nerovnoměrného chodu a zároveň je možné zastavit pohyblivú došku s velkou presnosťou. Přitom sa pohybuje malá hmotnost hydromotora a to len piest s piestnicou — malé zotrvačné sily. Do piestnice je možné namontovat priamočiary hydromotor pre vyrážanie. Do medzipriestoru medzi piesty je možné privádzať tlakovú kvapalinu o vysokom tlaku z multiplikátora bez rizika, že tesnenie přepustí časť tlakovej kvapaliny do vonkajšieho priestoru, čo umožňuje zmenšit rozměry priamočiareho hydromotora.The advantages of the hydraulic closure according to the invention are that only one linear hydraulic motor with two pistons and three working spaces is used for fast closing and opening of the mold, while closing uses a back pressure to damp uneven running and at the same time it is possible to stop the moving thatch with great accuracy. At the same time, the small weight of the hydraulic motor is moving and only the piston with the piston rod - small inertia forces. A linear hydraulic motor can be mounted in the piston rod for punching. High pressure fluid from the multiplier can be supplied to the interspace between the pistons without the risk that the gasket will release a portion of the fluid to the outside, thus reducing the dimensions of the linear hydraulic motor.

Prestavovanie výšky formy je plné hydraulické, jednoduché a rýchle a hydraulický uzáver je nenáročný na výrobu. Tlak medzi piestami vyvolává axiálně sily a svojím účinkom tlačí piesty od seba. V jednom smere je axiálně sila zachytená pomocou dvoch závor a v druhom smere posobí na pohyblivá došku. Pri vyvodení hlavnej dotykovej sily je účinok tlaku na hydraulický válec len v smere radiálnom. V axiálnom smere posobí sila len pri rýchlom chodě a vtedy jej velkost činí len okolo 5 až 6 °/o zo sily dotlaku.The height adjustment of the mold is full hydraulic, simple and fast and the hydraulic closure is easy to manufacture. The pressure between the pistons causes axial forces and forces the pistons apart. In one direction, the axial force is absorbed by means of two bolts and in the other direction it sits on the movable thatch. When the main contact force is applied, the pressure effect on the hydraulic cylinder is only in the radial direction. In the axial direction, the force only acts during rapid movement and at that time it is only about 5 to 6% of the force of the pressure.

Hydraulický uzávěr podta vynálezu je znázorněný na pripojenom výkrese v uzalvorenej polohe.The hydraulic closure according to the invention is shown in the enclosed drawing in the closed position.

Hydraulický uzávěr pozostáva z predného pevného strmeňa 11, pohyblivej došky 10 a žádného strmeňa 8, ktoré sú uložené na vodiacich stípoch 6, hydraulického valca 1 s prvým piestom 2 a druhým piestom 3 s piestnicou 14 pre pohyb pohyblivej došky 10 a ktorý je čelom uložený proti čelu prvého piestu 2. Hydraulický válec 1 može byt pc>doprený podpornou konzolou 9. V zadnom stremeni 8 sú dva priamočinre hydraulické motory 5, ktoré slúžia na posúvanie k sebe a od sebe dvoch závor 4 otvoru D v zadnom strmeni 8. Pre přívod tlakovej kvapaliny do medzipriestoru B je převedený otvor d v hydraulickom válci 1, alebo přípoj 13 piestu 2. Na obrázku je znázorněná forma 12.The hydraulic closure comprises a front rigid caliper 11, a movable thatch 10 and no caliper 8, which are supported on the guide columns 6, the hydraulic cylinder 1 with the first piston 2 and the second piston 3 with the piston rod 14 for moving the movable thatch 10 and facing The hydraulic cylinder 1 can be supported by a support bracket 9. In the rear belt 8 there are two straight-line hydraulic motors 5, which are used to slide together and apart two bolts 4 of the opening D in the rear caliper 8. For supplying pressure For example, an opening 12 is transferred to the intermediate space B by a hydraulic cylinder 1, or a piston 2 connection 13.

Pre otvorenie hydraulického uzávěru je potřebné odzávorovať a pomocou tlakovej kvapaliny uviesť do pohybu piesty 2, 3 v hydraulickom válci 1. Privedie sa tlaková kvapalina do prvého pracovného priestoru A před prvým piestom 2 otvorom b. Dotlačný pracovný medzipriestor B medzi piestami 2, 3 je cez otvor d, alebo přípoj 13 spojený pomocou šupátka s odpadom. Tlaková kvapalina posunie prvý piest 2 o požadovaná hodnotu doprava, vytlačí časť tlakovej kvapaliny z pracovného medzipriestoru B a tým sa odsunie zadná časť piestnice 15 od závor 4. Posun je velmi malý. Delená závora 4, t. j.: jej polovice sa pomocou dvojčinných hydromotorov 5 od seba vzdialia a úplné odkryjú otvor D v zadnom strmeni fi. Uzatvorí sa odvod tlakovej kvapaliny z medziepriestoru B medzi piestami 2, 3 cez otvor d alebo přípoj 13. Spojí sa prvý pracovný priestor A cez otvor b s odpadom. Do druhého pracovného priestoru C za druhým piestom 3 a otvorom a sa privedie tlaková kvapalina, ktorá svojím účinkom na druhý piest 3 na straně piestnice 14 ho uvedie do pohybu a súčasne aj pohyblivú došku 10. Tlaková kvapalina v pracovnom medzipriestore B tlačí na prvý piest 2, ktorý při pohybe sprava doleva vysúva piestnicu 15 otvorom D v zadnom strmeni 8 von. Otváranie prebieha tak dlho, pokial snímač polohy nedá příkaz na zastavenie.To open the hydraulic closure, it is necessary to unscrew and actuate the pistons 2, 3 in the hydraulic cylinder 1 by means of the pressurized fluid. The pressure working intermediate space B between the pistons 2, 3 is connected to the waste via a valve d or a connection 13 by means of a slide. The pressurized fluid moves the first piston 2 to the right by the desired value, expelling a portion of the pressurized fluid from the working intermediate space B, thereby displacing the rear portion of the piston rod 15 from the bolts 4. The displacement is very small. Split bar 4, t. j: its halves are separated from each other by means of double-acting hydraulic motors 5 and completely reveal the opening D in the rear yoke fi. The discharge of the pressurized fluid from the interspace B between the pistons 2, 3 through the opening d or the connection 13 is closed. The first working space A is connected via the opening b to the waste. Pressurized fluid is introduced into the second working space C after the second piston 3 and the aperture a, which, by acting on the second piston 3 on the piston rod side 14, moves it and the movable thatch 10 at the same time. which, when moved from right to left, extends the piston rod 15 through the opening D in the rear yoke 8 outwards. The opening is continued until the position sensor has given a stop command.

Pri uzatváraní hydraulického uzávěru sa pomocou šupátka spojí druhý pracovný prie260338 ster C cez otvory a, b s prvým pracovným priestorom A. Pracovný medzipriestor B je uzatvorený. Do prvého pracovného priestoru A, ktorý je vačší než druhý pracovný priestcr i: (menší priemer piestnicej, sa privedie tlaková kvapalina, ktorá svojim účinkom na prvý piest 2 vyvodí potrebnú silu na pohyb prvého piestu 2 ztava doprava a cez tlaková kvopalinu v pracovnom medzipriestoru B posuvu druhý piest 3 s 'piestnicou 14 doprava. Tým sa pohybuje pohyblivá doska 10 ztava doprava. Tlaková kvapalina z druhého pracovného priestoru C v hydraulickom válel 1 je stlačovaná a otvormi a, b preteká do prvého pracovného priestoru A hydraulického valca 1 — uzatváranie je s protitlakom. Toto riešenie má okrem uvedených výhod ďalšiu výhodu, že priemer piestnice je menší. Pri uzávorovaní hydraulického uzávěru sa privedie tlaková kvapalina otvormi. c do priamočiarych dvojčinných hydraulických motorov 5, ktoré uzatvoria závory 4. Pracovně priestory A, C v hydraulickom válci 1 sa spoja cez otvory a, b s odpadom. Privedie sa tlaková kvapalina do pracovného medzipriestoru B medzi piesty 2, 3 cez otvor d, alebo přípoj 13 a tá svojim vysokým tlakom, posobiacitn na velké plochy piesiov 2, 3 vyvodí uzatváraclu silu. Protože sa piestnica 15 prvého piestu 2 oprie o delenú závoru 4, začne táto sila tlačit na pohyblivú došku 10 a udělí jej potřebný dotlak pri uzatváraní hydraulického uzávěru.When closing the hydraulic closure, the second working port 260338 ster C is connected via the openings a, b to the first working space A by means of the slide. The working space B is closed. The first working space A, which is larger than the second working space i: (smaller piston rod diameter), is supplied with pressurized fluid which, by its effect on the first piston 2, applies the necessary force to move the first piston 2 to the right and Thus, the movable plate 10 moves from the right to the right in. The pressurized fluid from the second working space C in the hydraulic cylinder 1 is compressed and flows through the openings a, b into the first working space A of the hydraulic cylinder 1 - closing is s In addition to the advantages mentioned above, this solution has the further advantage that the piston rod diameter is smaller.When closing the hydraulic closure, pressurized fluid is supplied through the holes c to the linear double-acting hydraulic motors 5 which close the bolts 4. The working spaces A, C in the hydraulic cylinder 1 and through the apertures a, b with the waste into the working intermediate space B between the pistons 2, 3 through the opening d or the connection 13 and by its high pressure, it generates a closing force on large areas of the sand 2, 3. As the piston 15 of the first piston 2 rests against the split bolt 4, this force begins to press on the movable thatch 10 and imparts the necessary pressure when closing the hydraulic closure.

Tlaková kvapalina privádzaná do pracovného dotlačného medzipriestoru B medzi piesty 2, 3, může byť od hydrogenerátora priamo alebo z multiplikátor a. Možný výron tlakovej kvapaliny netesnosíou medzi piestami 2, 3 a hydraulickým valcoin 1, sa dostane do pracovných priestorov C, A, ktoré sú v tej době spojené s odpadom.The pressurized liquid supplied to the working pressurizing space B between the pistons 2, 3 may be directly from or from the multiplier a from the pump. A possible discharge of the pressurized fluid through the leakage between the pistons 2, 3 and the hydraulic valcoin 1 reaches the working spaces C, A, which at that time are connected to the waste.

Hydraulické prestavovanie výšky formy sa prevádza následovně: v polohe, keď piesty 2, 3 sa čelami dotýkaje, je nastavený hydraulický uzávěr na maximálně výšku formy. V případe, že sa použije menšia výška formy, připadne minimálna, prestaveníe sa prevedie následovně. Uzatvorí sa piestnica. 15 prvého piestu 2 pomocou závor 4. Přepojí sa druhý pracovný priestor C cez otvor a s odpadom. Otvorom d vo válci 1 alebo prípojom 13 sa privedie tlaková kvapalina do pracovného medzipriestoru B. jej účinkom sa začne pohybovat druhý piest 3 ztava doprava a posúva pohyblivú došku 10 na požadované vzdialenosí od predného pevného strmena 11. Přívod tlakovej kvapaliny do medzipriestoru B za zastaví a tým je pre stavenie výšky formy ukončené. Prestuvenie výšky formy z minima na maximum — piest nica 1.5 piestu 2 sa iizúvovuje. Medzipriestor B sa spojí cez otvor «1 alebo přípoj 13 s odpadom a privedie sa tJaková kvapalina do do priestoru C. Jej účinkom sa pohybuje piest 3 zprava dotava a posúva pohyblivá došku 10 na potrebnú vzdialenosí od ipredného pevného strmena 11. Tlaková kvapalina v medzipriestore B medzi piestaxni 2, 3 slúži k nastaveniu, přenosu pohybu z jedného piestu na druhý a k doposiaí' popísaným účelom.The hydraulic height adjustment of the mold is carried out as follows: in the position where the pistons 2, 3 touch the foreheads, the hydraulic closure is set to the maximum height of the mold. If a smaller mold height is used, if necessary, the adjustment is carried out as follows. The piston is closed. 15 of the first piston 2 by means of bolts 4. The second working space C is connected through the opening and with the waste. Through the opening d in the cylinder 1 or the connection 13, the pressurized fluid is introduced into the working intermediate space B. by its action the second piston 3 starts to move from the right to the right and moves the movable thatch 10 to the desired distance from the front fixed caliper. this is completed for adjusting the mold height. Shifting the mold height from minimum to maximum - piston rod 1.5 of piston 2 is insulated. The intermediate space B is connected to the waste through hole 1 or connection 13 and such a liquid is fed into space C. Its action moves the piston 3 from right to left and moves the movable thatch 10 to the necessary distance from the front fixed caliper 11. Pressure fluid in intermediate space B between the pistons 2, 3 serves to adjust the transfer of movement from one piston to the other and for the purposes described so far.

Claims

260338 S ster C through holes a, b with first working space A. Working space B closed. In the first working space A, which is larger than the second working space i '; (smaller diameter of the piston rod), a fluid is introduced which, by virtue of its action of the first picst 2, exerts the necessary force on the movement of the first piston 2 from the right to the second piston 3 with the piston rod 14 via the pressure fluid in the working displacement space B. transport. Thereby, the movable plate 10 is moved to the right. The pressurized fluid from the second treatment chamber C in the hydraulic cylinder 1 is compressed and through the openings a, b flows the first working space A of the hydraulic cylinder 1 - the closure is counterpressed. This solution has the advantage that the diameter of the piston rod is smaller . When closing the hydraulic lock, the pressurized fluid feeds through the openings c of the direct-acting double-acting hydraulic motors S which close the bolts 4. In the working chamber A, C in the hydraulic cylinder 1 and the connections through the openings a, b with the waste. It brings the pressurized fluid into the working intermediate space B between the pistons 2, 3 through the opening d, or the connection 13, and by its high pressure, displacing the closing force on the large surfaces of the tracks 2, 3. Since the piston 15 of the first piston 2 rests on the separation of the bolt 4, this force starts to press on the movable thimble 10a and gives it the necessary pressure to close the hydraulic closure. The pressurized fluid supplied to the working pressure interspace B of the intermediate web 2, 3 can be directly from the pump 6 or from the multiplier a. A possible pressure fluid can be leaked between the transducer 2, 3 and the hydraulic cylinder 1 to the working spaces C , And, that is associated with waste at that time. The hydraulic height adjustment of the mold is carried out as follows: in the position when the pistons 2, 3 are in contact with the cells, the hydraulic closure is set to the maximum mold height. If a smaller mold height is used, the minimum is adjusted as follows. . The piston 15 of the first piston 2 is closed by means of bolts 4. It transfers the second working space C through the opening and the waste. A pressurized fluid of the intermediate intermediate space B is introduced through the opening d in the cylinder 1 or the connection 13. Its effect starts to move the second piston 3 from the left to the right and moves the movable thatch to the desired one! the distance from the front solid bracket 11. The supply of pressurized fluid stops at the space B, thereby terminating the mold height. Shifting the mold height from minimum to maximum - piston rod 13 is closed. The space B is connected through the opening 1 or the connection 13 to the outlet and a fluid is supplied to the space C. Its effect is to move the path 3 from right to left and move the movable handle 10 to the necessary distance from the front fixed bracket 11. Intermediate B between piston 2, 3 serves to adjust, transfer the movement from one piston to the other and so far described. OBJECT

1. A hydraulic closure for feeding and moving the movable dock and developing a main pressing force, in particular for injection molding machines for the processing of plastic materials and presses for metal casting, consists of a movable cushion inserted between the fixed front and none. the yokes connected by the guide pins and the rear yoke are fitted with two bolts with double-acting linear hydro-motors and between no bracket and movable clamping plate, where a triple-acting hydraulic motor is located in the central axis, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinder (1) is provided with a flange (17), for fixed clamping of the caliper (8) and o-creatures (a, b, d) for the inlet of the hydraulic fluid in which the two pistons (2, 3) with the sealing rings (22) and the piston rods (14, 15) are placed by the cells. ), wherein the piston (14) is fixedly fixed by means of a flange (16) to the movable clamping plate (10), whereby the working intermediate space (B) is formed to transfer the barrel there is a working space (Aja behind the second piston (3) is a second working space (Cj, where the piston rod (14, tallow is sealed by sealing rings (19, 20) placed in the flanges (17, 18) and the flange (18) are fixedly fixed mainly by means of screw bolts (21 j.

2. The sweat hydraulic closure of item 1 is characterized in that the hydraulic cylinder (1) is supported by a support bracket (9).

3. The hydraulic closure of points 1 and 2 is characterized in that the supply of the hydraulic fluid to the space (B) for exiting the main compression force is provided by a connection (13) through the piston (2).

4. The hydraulic closure of points 1 to 3, characterized in that the flange (18J is fixedly connected directly to the hydraulic cylinder (1).