CS258034B1 - Method of Determining Remaining Stress on Body Section '(Its Variations) - Google Patents

Abstract

With the oil determination of residual stresses also in the cross-section of the body caused by the determination of residual stresses in the surface layers of the body on the surface of the body (1) ee fix the deformation sensors (3, 4, 5) at different distances from the direct notch (2), which is made between these sensors (3, 4, 5) at distances depending on the depth of the notch (2) and associated with it by a determined dependence. The notch (2) is gradually deepened, the deformation is measured after each stage and the residual stress is determined according to the measured deformations ee. In a variant of the method, the notch (2) is deepened, its depth and deformation are measured at the same time, and the effect of heating the walls of the notch (2) on the sensor data is taken into account or compensated.

Description

3aHBneHo: 3a «BKa! Ř: MKH3Abtopu: 3a» BHTehb 13.01.81 3234744 / 25-28 G 01 'B 5/30

O.H.MHxaftJiOB

HayuHO-HccneflOBaTejifaCKuň ηηοτητυτ Taxenoro MamHHocTpoeHHH npOHs-BOflCTBeHHoro oCtenHHeHHH ”ypanMam”

HaaeaHHe naoCpeTeHHa: CIIOCOB ΟΠΡΕβΕ, ΠΕΗΗΛ OCTATOHHbIX HAIIPffiKEHHft B Π0ΒΕΡΧ-HÓCTHblX CJIOHX TEJIA (ΕΓΟ BAPHAHTbl)

HaoCpeTeHne othochtch to MexaHHuecxHM cnocoQaM onpefleneHHH ocTaTOMHbtx Ha-NPA »eHnň h μοχθτ 6μτβ HcnonbaoBaHo ajih onpeneneHHH ocTaTOHHUx HanpnxeHHtt bηβτβηπχ MamHH, aaroTOBxax, KOHCTpy kijhhx, ofipaanax b nioCoň OTpacrtH MamHHO-CTpoeHHH.

HsBecreH cnocoQ onpefleneHHH ocTaTOHHbix HanpHxeHHft noBepxHocTHUx cnonxTen and b, NPH κοτοροΜ aaxpennnioT Ha ποβθρχηοοτη Tena naTHHKH ΑβφορΜβιχΗΜ, Bunone-hhiot Boxpyr flaTuiíKOB KonbiteByto npopeai., ΗΒΜβρηωτ ηβφορΜβηΗΗ h no onpe HHM-ηβηχιοτ ocTaTOMHue HanpHxeHHH [l]. Tβ, ηοετβτκβΜΗ 3Toro cnocoCa hbahiotch cHuxeHne tohhocth aa cneT ycpeflHeHHHonpenenneMbix HanpHxeHHft no cTonCHxy, oxBaneHHOMy xpyroBOft xaHaBXOn; CHuxeHHetóhhocth aa cneT HcxaweHHH noxaaaHHn αβτηηχοβ οτ Harpeea noeepxHOCTH CTonOH-xa; cHuweHne towhocth aa cneT phleopMauHH pe33HHH ηρκ CBepneHHH cTonGHxa; He-BoaMoxHocTb onpeflenHTb pacnpeneneHHe HanpHxeHHft no ceneHHio Tena, Tax xax ηρκyrny6neHHH npopean αβτηηκη CucTpo nepecTawT H3MéHHTb cboh noxaaaHHH.

HanConee CnnaxHM x ΗβοδρβτβΗΗΐο well TexHHnecxoft cymHOCTH HenneTCH cnocoConpefleneHHH ocTaTonHbix HanpHxeHHň b nosepxHOCTHOM cnoe Tena ηρκ κοτοροΜ HanoBepxHocTH Tena aaxpennmoT flaTHHXH, ΑβφορΜβηκΗ, BbmonHH »T Mexfly ηημη πρημο-nHHeftHbiň Hanpe3 Tax, ητο ahthhkm pacnonararoTca Bflonb oflHoň oh nepneňflHxy-nnpHoň Haflpeay h οημμθτρηηηο OTHOCHTenbHo ηθγο. Enaβμθρηιοτ ΑβφορΜβιχΗΗ Tena hno hhm onpenenawT ocTaTonHue HanpHxeHHH [2].

HenocTaTxoM aToro cnocoCa HBnneTCH ηηβκηη tohhoctb onpefleneHHH ocTaTOHHbixHanpaxeHHft npH HepaBHOMepHOM hx pacnpeneneHHH no BbicoTe cHHH aa caeT yc-penHeHHfl 3HatieHHn HanpHxeHHn no τοππξΗΗβ ^ oHTponHpyeMoro cnon. 258034

Uejibw H3o6peTetiHH HBnneTCH onpefl & neHHe ocTaTOHHbix HanpnxeHHft τβκχβ h noceweHHio Tana. ΠοοτβΒηβΜΗβη nenb no nepBOMy BapHaHTy cnocoBa flOCTHraeTca τβΜ, HTO b CNO-COOEt onpeneneHHH οοτβτοπΗΜχ HanpnjKeHHň b noBepxHocTHbix cnonx Tena 3axnionaio-meMCH b that ητο Ha noBepxHOCTH τ &amp; πβ 3βκρβπηΗ (οτ λβτμηκη ηεφορΜβιχΗΗ, βμποπηη- «οτ Mewny ηημη npHMOjiHHeňHbiň Haflpea τβκ, ητο ηβτηκκΗ pacnonaraiOTCH Bflonb ο "drive in the oh nepneHftHKynnpHoň Haflpeay η οημμθτρηηηο OTHOCHTenbHO Hero Η3ΜβρπιοτΑβφορΜβμΗΗ Tena h no HHM onpenennioT ocTaTOMHbie ΗβπρΗΜβΗΗΗ, πητηηκη aaxpenjiH-ol rny6HHbi Haflpe3a h. wt Ha pasHoyflaneHHMX ot Hanpeaa paccTOHHHHx, Heft COOTHOineHHeM 3aBHcnmnxCBH3aHHbIX C:", JKs 43, "45", °, 7 <---- 3 npH o, I, rjqe AS η A3 - paccTOHHHe ot kpomkh Hanpeaa after ÓnHWHero3M flaTHHKa ΑβφσρΜβΙίΗΗ COO TBeTCTBeHHO, hj -'rnyĎHHa Haapea,

Haflpea ποβτβπΗΟ yrny6nHWT, and ΑβφορΜβπΗ »Μ3Μερπιοτ nocneΠρκ 3tom pna onpeneneHHH κβκ HopManbHbix, τβκ h xacai h flanbHero kohuob 6a-xaacHoro 3Tana. 'ejIbHbIX OCT8TOHHbIX Ha- npHMeHHn, Μ3Μβρηιοτ ηβφορΜβμΗΗ Ha xawnoii οτοροΗβ Hanpe3a no xpaíhieň Mepe bAeyx HanpaBJíaHHH ^ c.

KpoMe this, b 3 that cjiynae, ecjm hundred nenecoo6pa3Ho, πρκ yrnyCneHHH hANP-and-ero nmpHHy ΠΟ3Τ8ΠΗΟ yMeHbmaioT and aaTeM, nanHHaH c noeepxHO.CTH Tena, yee-ηπηΗΒβιοτ «on Conbmero paaMepa, UEM nepBOHananbHbiň pa3Mep, 3βτβΜ ποβτορηο πο-3TanHO yMeHbmaioT mupHHy Hanpeaa.

IlocTaBJíeHHaH uenb no BTopoMy BapHaHTy cnocoča flocraraeTCH τβΜ, ητο b CNO-co6e onpeneneHHH οοτβτοπΗΜΧ HanpnweHHň, 3aicnioHaiomeMCH b that HTO Ha noeepx-hocth Tena ββκρβππηιοτ η8τηηκη ΑβφορΜβμΗΗ, βμποπηηιοτ Mewny ηημη npHMonHHeň-Hbiň Haflpes τβκ, Uto αβτηηκη pacnonaraiOTCH BflOJib οηκοή oh nepneHnHKynnpHoňHaflpesy η οημμθτρηηηο οτηοοητθπβηο Hero Η3Μβρπιοτ ηθΦορΜβηκΗ Tena η no hhmοηρβηβππιοτ οοτβτοηΗΜβ HanpnweHHH, ηβτηκκΗ 3βκρβππΗΐοτ Ha pasHoynaneHHbix otH8Ape3a paccTOHHHHx, Hap; PE3 yrny6nHioT HenpepbiBHO, οβΗΟΒρβΜβΗΗο ΗβΜβρπιοτ erorny6HHy η ΛβφορΜβπΗΗ h ynHTbiBawT ηπη KOMneHCHpywT βπηηηηθ HarpeBa οτβΗοκHaflpe3a Ha ΠΟΚβ3βΗΗΗ ΠβΤΗΗΚΟΒ. ΠρΗ 3T0M ftHH KOMneHCaUHH ΒΠΗΗΗΗΗ ΗβΓρβΒβ ΟΤβΗΟΚ Η80 (ρβ3β Ηβ Π0Κ83βΗΗΗ fl8T "ίηκοβ Ha He, C ^ opMHpyeMoň nacTH Tena βμποπηηιοτ Βτοροϋ Hanpea, nonoĎHMň NEP Boma, 3βκρβππΗΐοτ Ha noBepxHOCTH Tena pHflOM c 3Τημ HanpeaoM η nepneHnHKynHp-Ηο κ hemY KOMneHcauHOHHbrti ηβτηΗΚ η HarpeBaioT noBepxHOCTb BToporo Hanpeaa poTeMrtepaTypbi, paBHo TeMnepaType ποβθρχηοοτη nepeoro Hanpe3a.

Ha .1ηγ.1 ποκβ3βΗβ cxeMa pacnonoweHHH π ^ τμηκοβ ηθΦορΜβηκή Ha ποββρχηοοτηTena οκοπο Hanpe3a npH onpeneneHHH HopManbHbix οοτητοπημχ HanpnweHHn no cene-HHto Tena.

Ha .2ηγ.2 noKa3aH paspes b ΗβπρβΒπβΗΗΗ πηηηη Π-Π Ha Φηγ.1.

Ha Bηγ.3 ποκ83βΗβ cxeMa pacnonoweHHH ηβτπΗκοΒ «βφορΜβιχΗϋ Ha noBepxHOCTHTena οκοπο hanpeaa npH onpeneneHHH ηορμθπβημχ h KacaTenbHbix oct8Tomhmx Ha-npnweHHn no ceneHwo Tena.

Ha .4ηγ.4 noxa3aHa cxeMa nosTanHoro yMeHbmeHHH whphhm Hanpeaa BMecTe c eroyrnyĎneHHeM h nocnenyiomee yBenHneHHe ero qihphhm.

Cnoco6 ocymecTBnnioT cnenywuiHM o6pasoM. fln onpeneneHHH aniopbi ocTaTonHbix HanpnweHHn 6X no ceneHHio YZ nosepxHocT-

Horo cnon h Tena 1 (.1ηγ.1) no rnyČHHbí 40 mm aanawT πβρβΜβτρΜ 3TanoB yrnyène- hhh Hanpeaa 2, HanpHMep 2,3,4,6,8,10,12,15,20,25,30,35,40 mm . Βμ6ηρ8ιοτ mHpH—

Hy Haflpe3a, 1.4 mm thick. Ha noBepxHOCTH Tena 1 night pasMeTKH Mecfa Haflpe- 258034 - 3 - 93 2 33ΚρβΠΠΗΚ) β ββΤΗΗΚΗ 3, A, 5 ΑβφορΜβΑΗΗ, HanpHMep TeH3Ope3HCTOphI, BflonbOCH, neHHlHKyjIHpHOn HOApeay H CHMMeTpHHHO OTHOCHTenbHO Hero. flaTHHKH 38K “peruiHioT Ha paaHoynaneHHbix ot nanpeaa paccOHHHHX, saBHcamHX οτ rnyOHHb .najj, -peaa. OnpenenaroT hx no cooTHomeHHio:. í £ ϊδ · z _ ΛδΚΓ ™ "

I. Onpene0.7 <J-A> 0.1. nonynaioT: ΔΒ, - 2.5 mm; Ů3, ·> 11.5mm; &amp; δ2 «14mm; 0202 "23mm; Δδ3 26mm; A9j = 35mm.

HsMepaiOT Hyneeue noxasaHHH αητίηκοβ. BbmonHnioT npHMonHHenHoney Hanpea Ha rny-0HHy 2 mm. HsMepaioT noxaaaHHH ββτμηκοβ h no HSMepeHHUM ηβφορΜβηκΗΜ Tena on-pegennioT ocTaTonnue HanpaxeHHH b cnoe rnyťiHHOň 2 mm. Β pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T

Ha 3Tanax yrnyCneHHH 0,2,3,4,6 mm wih pacneTa ο τ p p p p p p p p c c c c c c c c c c c c c c M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M....... HaSTanax yrnyCneHHH 6-25 mm απη Pacnet HcnonbsyroT noxasaHHH voltage αθτίηκοβ 4 HHTepB HB &amp; non 12-40 mm - noxasaHHH voltage ηβτίηκοβ fifth flnn onpeneneHHH SMOP HOpManbHbix ocTatonHbix HanpHxeimň G> "h h xacaTenbHuxοοτβτοΗΗΜχ HanpHxeHHň well οβΜβΗΗΐο YZ noBepxHocTHoro cnoa Tena h 1 ( )Ηγ.2) saxpennawT Ha noBepxnocTH XY Tana 1 ροββτχκ ηατμηχοβ (πβπρΗΜβρ ^ τβΗ-BopeaHCTopoB) 3, 6, 9; 4, 7, 10; 5, 8, JI, HanpHMep, nog yrnaMH 45e, 0, 35c oflHoN cTopoHM Hanpeaa h 135 °, 180 ° h 225 ° c npyroň ctopohu.

3aTeM BbinonHHHjT Hanpea h usMepatoT ηεφορΜβηΗΗ Tena 'τβκ xe, xax b npentifly-meM cnyqae. ^ OcTaTonHbie ηηπρηχθηηη 6X onpenennioT H3 npHpaqeHnň nonycyMM FLE-φορΜβηκΰ OcTaToqHbie jianpHsceHHH ^ £ ^ 2 onpenennioT well npnpameHHHM nonypaaHocTeft ηβφορΜβιηώ (--- ^ - 1 ^) ^ ag οοτβτοηι ιβ ipnxeHHH Ha ^ - no npH- ·· pameHHHM nonycyMM neýopMamtó ( 45 £ ((lt lt lt lt ena ena ena ena ena ena ena ena ena ena ena ena ena ena ena ena ena ena ena bin bin bin bin bin bin bin bin bin bin bin bin bin bin bin bin bin bin bin bin bin bin bin bin bin bin bin q> ~ yron Mexgy HanpaBneHHeM npononbHoň och ηβτηκκβ h npaeoň ηορμοπη x

Hanpesy. θ

Bo μηογηχ cnynanx cooTHomeHHe Mexfly npoflonbHbíMH h nonepeqHbíMH £ "ne-φορΜβινυίΜΗ moxho ycTaHOBHTb aapaHee. B 3t cnynie Η3ΜβρΗΐοτ ΑβφορΜβηκπ Te-na Tonbxo b neyx nanpaBneHHHx, HanpHMep 0 °, 45 ° (180 °, 225) ηπη 45, 315 (135 °, 225 °). JBJHBB 25-40 mm AenecooPasH Ha Ha A A A pes pes pes pes M M pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes pes A 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 4-6 mm yrnyCnemiH to 0.1-0.2 mm. HanbHeftmeeyrnyCneHHe Hanpesa moxho ocymecTBnHTb mo6biM ynoOHbHHHPpyMeHTOM, HanpHMepphr3e, nNoQBbHpHeHeHeHeHeSHeSHeSHnHHHaHaHaHaAn on nonPoM3Tane. Π M ep ep p p p p p p p p p p x p p p p no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no Apτοροή BapnaHT cnocoGa HcnonbsytoT πρκ 8Βτομητη3ηροβ3Ηηομ onpeneneHHH oc-TaTOMHbix HanpnxeHHn. Πρη'βτομ «βτ ^ ηκη ΑβφορΜβιηΐΗ saKpennaioT thkhm xe o0pa-3om, κβκ h npu HcnonbsoBaHHH nepBoro BapnaHTa.

Hagpes yrnyCnniOT HenpepuBHO, HanpHMep, ocymecTBnHH HenpepbiBHy »nonany pexymero HHcTpyMeHTa no ηορμηπη to noBepxHocTH Tena. MηκοΒρβΜβΗΗΟ HSMepmoT cne- HHanbHbíM flaTHHKOM rnyOHHy Hanpesa η «βφορΜβηΗΗ Tena. 258034 - 4 - biHanbi C 3THX ΤΜΗΧΟΒβΤΜΗΧΟΒ HOflaiOT J1HOO Ha 3JieKTpOHHblft caMonuceu, ΛΗβΟ HaSJíeKTpoHHO-BiHHCjiHTejibHyw MamHHy (3BM). Π Η p p p af af af af af pe pe pe pe pe p p p p p p p p p p th th th th th th th th th th th th th th th th th HcxaaceHHH ynHTbiBaioT πρκ hc-nOJIb 3OB 3 HHH 3BM. ΠρΓ 3TOM XOMneHCaflHIO ΒΗΗΗΗΗΗ ΓβΓρβΒβ CTeHOX H3 ΠΟΧ333ΗΗΗflaTHHKOB ρ, βφορΜβιχΗΗ aaxnaflbiBaioT b nporpaMMy 3BM. B cnynae xoMneHcaflHH sthx ncxaxeHHn, Ha HeAe $ opMHpyeMOn nacTH τεηβ βμποπ-hhwt afτοροή Haflpe3, noflo6Hbiň nepeoMy. 3axpennnioT Ha noBepxHocTH Tena paflOMc 3thm HanpesoM h nepneHflHKyjmpHo κ HeMy xoMneHcaflHOHHbie flaTMHXH h HarpeeaioTnoBepxHocTb BToporo Haflpe3a flo TeMnepaTypbi, paBHoft TeMnepaType Nepeoro (pa-6owero) Haflpeaa. npe &amp; naraeMbiň cnoco6 h ero ΒβρκβΗτω ποββοπηιοτ onpeflenaTb ocTaTOHHbie Hanpjr-xeHHH He TOHbKO B noBepxHOCTHbix οποηχ Tena, ho Taxxe h no ero ceneHMio. Ohhno3BonŘwT onpeflejiHTb xax HopManbHbie, Tax h xacaTenbHwe οοτβτοΗΗΜβ Hanpnxe-hhh. Βτοροή BapnaHT cnoco6a nosBonneT ποβμοητβ npoH3BOflHTenbHOCTb HecneflOBa-hhiii H nOBbnuaeT TOHHOCTb ΟΠρβΑβηβΗΗΗ OCTaTOHHbIX ΗβΠρΗΧβΗΗΝ B fleTanHX MamHH, aaroTOBxax, xoHCTpyxflHnx c ConbniHMH rpaflHeHTaMH οοτβτοπΗΜΧ HanpnxeHHft.

ΦΟΡΜΥΠΑ H30EPETEHHH

First Cnoco6 onpeflejieHHH ocTaTOHHbix HanpnaceHHň noBepxHocTHbix b 'cnonx Tena b aaKJBOHawniuřicH the MTO Ha noBepxHocTH Tena 9βκρεπηηκ> τ flaTHHKH ΑβφορΜβΗΗΗ, BbinonHHWT Me »NY hhmh npHMonHHeňHbiřt Hanpes Tax, HTO flaTHHXH pacnonaraioTCHBflonb oflHoft OCH nepneHAHxynnpHoň Haflpeay η ΟΗΜΜβτρκηΗο OTHOcHTenbHO Hero Η3Μβρ> ο τ β ena ena ena ena ena ena ena ena ena p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p n n n n n n n n n pa pa pa pa pa pa pa pa pa pa pa pa pa pa pa pa pa pa ηβτπΗΧΗ saxpennaioT Ha pasHoyflaneHHbix ot HaflpesapaccTQHHHHX, 3aBHCHtnnx ot rnySHHb Haflpesa η οβη33ηημχ c Heft cooTHomeHHeM: U5-Ů3 '. AS AS 0.7 h h;

A8-AS> 0.1 rfle: AS η A3 - paccTOHHHe ot xpomkh Haflpe3a flo nHWHero h flanbHero xohhob6aabi naTHHxa ΑβφορΜβηκΗ εοοτΒβτοτΒβΗΗΟ, h; - rnyCMHa Haflpesa,

Hanpe3 nosTanHo yrnySnaioT, and ηβφορΜβΗΗ »Μ3Μβρπιοτ nocne xaxfloro 3Tana. 2. Cnoco6 non.l, OTnHHawtttHncH Μ Μ h ax ax ax ax ax ax H ax ax ax ax ax ax ax ax af af af af af af af af af af af af af af 3. Cnoco6 no π.π. 1, 2, o τ π η H and η least io m c η τβΜ, HTO πρκ yrnyOneHHHHaflpesa ero ninpnHy yMeHbinaioT nosTanHO and 3βτβΜ, ηηηηηβη c noBepxHocTH Tena yBenHHHBaioT well 6onbmero paaMepa, ηθμ nepBOHananbHbiň paaMep, 3βτβΜ ποβτορηοnosTanHo'yMeHbiuaioT umpnuy Haflpesa. Fourth CnocoA onpefleneHHH οοτατοηημχ ΗβπρηκβΗΗή b noBepxHocTHbix chohx Tena saxraotiaioiKHftcH b that HTO Ha noBepxHocTH Tena aaxpennaiOT flaTHHXH ΑθφορΜβιχΗΗ, βμποπηηιοτ Meatfly hhmh npHMOnHHeňHbiň Haflpes Tax, HTO αητηηχη pacnonarawTcnBflonb oflHoň oh Ha nepneHflHxynnpHOň «η pe3y CHMMeTpHHHO OTHOcHTenbHO Hero Ή3ΜβρΗΜΤ ΑβφΟρΜβΗΗΗ Tena Η ΠΟ ΗΗΜ OnpeflenHIOT OCTaTOHHblé Η3ΠρΗ3ΚΘΗΗΗ, Ο Τ "nHMawmHňcH τβΜ, ητο c nenbio onpeneneHHH ocTaTOMHbix HanpnxeHHftTaxxe h no ceweHHio Tena ηβτηηχη aaxpennjnoT Ha pa3HoynaneHHbix οτ HanpeaapaccTOHHHnx, Haflpea yrnyÓnHWT HenpepbiBHO, ogHOBpeMeHHO HSMepnioT ero rnyOHHyη ΛβφορΜβιχΗΗ h yHHTbiBaioT hhh xoMneHCHpyioT BnHHHHe HarpeBa οτβΗοχ HanpeaaΗβ nOKa33HHe ηβΤΗΗΚΟΒ . 258034 - 5 - 5. CnocoC no π.4, o τη η η H a κ >> ή, η c c α τθμ, μτο, c uenbio xoMneHcauHHβπηηηηη HarpeBa οτθηοκ Hanpesa Ha Hene $ opMHpyeMoft uacTH Tana βμποπηηιοτ bto-poň Haflpes, nonoĎHbiň noBepxHOCTH Tana phaom c bthmHanpesoM h nepneHAHKynapHo κ HeMy KOMneHqauHOHHbib abtmhk h HarpeeaioT no-sepxHocTb BToporo Haapesa pp

HcTOHHHKH ΗΗφορΜβΑΗΗ, npHHHTbie HO ΒΗΗΜβΗΗβ NPH 3KCnepTH3e 1. JI.A.ΓπΗΚΜβΗ, MMIlHcapeBCKHft "UsMepeHHe οοτβτοχΗΜΧ HanpHMeHHň b-amino BepxHocTHOM cnoe KpynHbix Hanemift c noMombw npoBonoúHbix τβΗ9ο« βτΗΗκοΒ ", 3a-BoncKaa nafiopaTopHH 1951 r., Ν -1 75. 2. ABTopcxoe CBHfleTenbcTBo CCCP N5 654849, Mxn * G01B 5/30, 1979 r. -ΠΡΟΤΟΤΗΠ.

P E Φ PAT

CnOCOB ΟΠΡΕβΕΠΕΗΗΗ 0CTAT04HHX HAIIPfflKEHHfí B ΠΟΒΕΡΧΗΟΟΤΗΜΧ CJIOflX TEJIA (ΕΓΟ BAPHAHTM) C uenbio onpeAeneHHH οοτβτοηημχ HanpHMeHH τβχΜβ h no. ceneHnio Tena b cno-COOEt onpeAeneHHH οοτβτοηιαιχ HanpHMeHHň b noBepxHOCTHbix cnonx Tena HB no-BepxHocTH Tena 1 9axpennxioT α ^ τ ^ ηκη 3, 4, 5 ΑθΦορΜβΑΗΗ Ha pasHoynaneHHbix otnpHMonHHeňHoro HBApesa 2 xoTOpwň βηποαηηιοτ μθμαΥ sthmh α ^ τηηκβμη 3, 4, 5, paccTOHHHHX, BaBHCHtUHX rHCHb Haflpeaa 2 η cBflaaHHbix c Hefl saAaHHbM co-oTHomeHHeM. HaApea 2 ποΒΤβπΗο yrnyCnHWT, Η3ΜβρΗ »τ ΑβφορΜβΑΗ» nocne KeatporoBTana h no HBMepeHHbíM αθΦορμβαηημ οπρεΑθηπιοτ ocTaTOHHbie HanpHMeHHH. B H HT HT B B B B B B B B Hen B B B AH B B B B B p p p p p p p p p p ρ ρ ρ ρ ρ ρ ρ ρ x ρ ρ pe pe pe pe pe pe pe

. I ΠρΗΒΗΒΗο ΗΒοΟρβτβΗΗβΜ no peaynbTaTaM axcnepTHBbi, ocymecTBneHoo rocyAépcT-ΒβΗΗΗΜ ΚΟΜΗΤβΤΟΜ CCCP ΠΟ ΑθΠβΜ HBOCpeTeHHn H OTKpbtTHn. 3 80βρΤβΜβ 258034

Claims (5)

6 OBJECT OF THE INVENTION 1. A method for determining residual stresses in surface layers of a body is to provide deformation sensors on the surface of the body, by making a straight notch between them so that the sensors are along one axis, perpendicular to the notch and symmetrically, by measuring the deformation of the body and after the residual stress is determined, characterized in that with the aim of determining residual stress also in the section of the body, the sensors are fixed in different distances from the notch depending on the depth of the notch and connected to it: 0 hi at where a - distance from the notch edge to the proximal and distal ends of the base of the deformation sensor hj, - the depth of the notch, the notch deepens and the deformation is measured after each deepening, 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to determine both normal and tangential residual stresses, the deformation on each side of the notch is measured in extreme direction in the opposite direction. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the indentation of the notch width decreases gradually and then increases to a larger dimension starting from the body surface, 258034-7 - then the repeated notch width decreases. 4. Method for determination of residual stresses in surface layers of a body, consisting of fixing deformation sensors on the surface of the body, making a straight notch between them so that the deformations of the body are measured along one axis, perpendicular to the notch and then the residual stress is determined, characterized in that in order to determine residual stress also in the section of the body, the sensors are fixed in different distances from the notch, the notch deepens continuously, its depth and deformation being measured, and the effects of notch heating are considered or compensated for sensor data. 5. A method according to claim 4, characterized in that a second notch similar to the first is provided to compensate for the effect of heating the notch walls on the undeformed body portion, and is fixed to the surface of the body next to the notch, and a transducer is heated perpendicular thereto. the surface of the second notch at a temperature equal to the surface temperature of the first notch. 258034