CS255397B1

CS255397B1 - Comprehensive fuel component for heavy-duty engines

Info

Publication number: CS255397B1
Application number: CS865995A
Authority: CS
Inventors: Daniel Bratrsky; Pavol Feher; Milos Bucko; Ivan Kopernicky; Karol Simko; Pavel Krizka; Blanka Mihalyova; Michal Braunsteiner; Lubomir Lehotsky; Oldrich Mikula
Original assignee: Daniel Bratrsky; Pavol Feher; Milos Bucko; Ivan Kopernicky; Karol Simko; Pavel Krizka; Blanka Mihalyova; Michal Braunsteiner; Lubomir Lehotsky; Oldrich Mikula
Priority date: 1986-08-14
Filing date: 1986-08-14
Publication date: 1988-03-15
Also published as: CS599586A1

Abstract

Komplexný komponent paliv pre zážihové motory obsahuje rafinovaný ropný olej s viskozitou od 5,5 do 14 mm2 . s-1 a chemické zlúčenlny so štruktúrnym vzorcom I a II. Vzájomný poměr týchto zložiek je volený tak, aby komplexný komponent zabraňoval tvorbě úsad a 1'adu v karburátore, úsad v sacom potrubí a na nasávacích ventiloch zážihových motorov.The complex component of fuels for spark-ignition engines contains refined petroleum oil with a viscosity of 5.5 to 14 mm2.s-1 and chemical compounds with structural formula I and II. The mutual ratio of these components is chosen so that the complex component prevents the formation of deposits and soot in the carburetor, deposits in the intake manifold and on the intake valves of spark-ignition engines.

Description

255397 3 4

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a complex fuel component for spark ignition engines that prevents deposits and ice from forming in the carburetor and the spark ignition system. Spark-ignition propellants, which are usually referred to as automotive gasoline or aviation gasoline, include, in addition to octane enhancers, other types of fuel efficiency enhancers such as corrosion inhibitors, antioxidants, metal deactivators. carburetor ice builders, carburetor settling inhibitors, engine coolant pipes, and engine intake valves; they remove these deposits if they were formed using the fuel that did not contain the type of component. Typically, in carburetor deposits, especially in the throttle area, dense urban traffic is caused by the venting of the key box into the engine intake and the exhaust gas recirculation.

By preventing the formation of these deposits, or by removing them, the function of the burner is improved, which is reflected in the improved formation and combustion of the fuel-air mixture while the carbon monoxide content of the car exhausts decreases in fuel consumption.

The deposits are also produced in the motor coolant tube and in the intake valves, which cause the valves to fail to achieve and reduce engine power and increase fuel consumption.

At high air humidity and at temperatures near freezing, the air humidity due to the evaporation of lightweight gasoline parts creates ice in the burner, which makes the carburetor malfunctioning.

These problems can be solved by the addition of suitable components that regulate the properties of gasoline in a desirable way. Often, the various types of suitable compounds are combined into multifunctional components which have a complex effect and thus simultaneously prevent deposits in the carburetor, suction line and inlet valves and make it impossible to form ice in the carburetor.

Known types of carburetor settling inhibitors are higher fatty acid alkylamides or dialkyl amides, dicarboxylic acid amalkylamides or hydroxycarbonyl acids, N-aminoalkyl piperazine derivatives, Mannich bases, Schiff bases, diamines and polyamino carboxylic fatty acids, alkylated carbamates, polyisobutylene substituted polyamines, neutralized amines, alkylphosphates, Ν, Ν'-dialkyl or N, N'-alkyl aryl derivatives of asparagine.

Some of the alkylated Schiff bases, polymeric viscosity modifiers and polymethacrylates can be used as inhibitors of settling on the intake valves.

Known types of carburetor ice forming inhibitors are alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, dipropylene glycol, but also formamide, diamines, imidazoles and higher fatty acid alkylamides are effective.

These components, either alone or in combination with the multifunctional components of the solute, are added to the fuel for the petrol engines directly at the same time as other components such as antioxidants, anti-detonating additives, dyes, or in a gas distribution network.

In the production and use of multifunctional components, it is very important that the individual component ratios are chosen so as to achieve the desired effect at the lowest component in the flame, and at the same time that the one component does not adversely affect the other.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a complex component of fuel for spark ignition engines which prevents or removes deposits and carburetor, suction pipe and engine intake valves.

The complex component according to the invention comprises three main components A, B and C.

Component A is a refined petroleum oil with viscosity at 100 ° C of 5.5 to 14 mm 2. s 1, wherein its content in the mixture of components A, B, C is about 40% by weight. % to 85 wt.

Component B has the structural chemical formula I:

O

II P.- Cl-i - Cv ii cwrcz £ I!

ON ~ R; ~ N £

O

II .C- CH -fy!

'C

II o CH, in which it means

R 1 is a branched alkenyl monovalent functional group having 15 to 95 carbon atoms, R 2 is a bivalent functional group having structural chemical formula II:

Wherein n is an integer from 1 to 6, n is an integer from zero to 4, p is an integer from 1 to 9.

Component C has the structural chemical formula III: 255397 5 6

About r3-ch-cx where it means

R 5 is the same monovalent functional group as R 1,

R 1 is a single-functional functional group with structural chemical formula IV:

IV in which the integer is an integer from 1 to 6, s an integer from zero to 6, t an integer from zero to 24, t an integer from zero to 24,

R5 is a hydrogen atom and / or a monovalent functional group selected from the group consisting of amino, anilino, N-methylamino, N, N'-dimethylamino, phenyl and hydroxy.

The relative weight ratio of components B and C in the complex component of the present invention is from 1: 0.01 to 1: 100, preferably from 1: 0.1 to 1: 5. The component according to the invention comprises both the component D and the auxiliary component D which is a solvent of the preferred aromatic type. Suitable solvent types are toluene, xylenes, aromatic hydrocarbons having from 9 to 12 carbon atoms in the molecule, or mixtures thereof, such as naphtha reformate, reformate fractions with a distillation range of 100 ° C to 250 ° C, fractions pyrobenzine, usually hydrogenated with a distillation range of 130 ° C to 250 ° C, with an aromatic hydrocarbon content of typically 50% by weight. Accordingly, in the case where the complex component of the spark ignition engine according to the invention contains, in addition to the components A, B, C, also the auxiliary component D, then the component D content of the component ranges from 15% to 70% by weight. %, preferably from 15 wt. % to 40 wt.

In order to provide the above-mentioned effects of the complex component on the spark-ignition engine intake tract, the complex component of the invention is added to the fuel for petrol engines at a concentration of from 0.01 to 0.5% by weight. if they contain components A, B and C; in the case where the complex component comprises components A, B, C and D of its concentration in the spark ignition engine range from 0.03 wt. to 1.5pere. wt. In order to improve the pumpability (reduction of viscosity) as well as adherence to the desired content in the hot, the complex component according to the invention can be further diluted either directly with the fuel for petrol engines or, more preferably, with some of its other components, before being mixed into the fuel. components. For this purpose, it is preferred to use materials containing aromatic hydrocarbons such as reformate, pyrobenzine, or fractions thereof. The dilute complex compound prepared in this way can be used in the production of off-gas engine fuels. Subsequently, the examples illustrate the advantages and practical use of a complex fuel component for spark ignition engines according to the invention, without, however, limiting the invention in any way. Example 1

Complex fuel component for spark ignition engines containing 50 wt. of dewaxed, selective and hydrotreated petroleum oil having a viscosity of 8.9 mm @ 2 s @ 1 at 100 DEG C., 30 wt. % xylene and 20 wt. Component Bi and Ci, where the mass ratio of Bi and Ci was 4: 1, was added to the BA-96 gasoline at 450 ppm. A test run on the ŠKODA Š742.12X engine for 300 hours at varying operating temperatures was performed. conditions, which included idling, revolutions of 1800, 2500 and 3500 for a minute when the retraction started. After the test was completed and the inoculum was discharged, the carburetor, the suction pipe and the suction valves were only oiled. The content of U-oxide in the exhaust gas after the test did not exceed 1.5% by volume. The component Bi was the reaction product of condensation of 1 mol of polypropenylsuccinic anhydride and 1 mole of ethylenediamine, the component Cibol, the reaction product of polypropylene-succinic anhydride and monoethanolamine. Example 2

Mixing the polypropenylsuccinic acid anhydride condensation product with strietylenetetraamine (component Bz), the reaction product of polypropenylsuccinic anhydride with dodecylamine (component C2) and refined petroleum oil with viscosity

Claims

255397 5.9 mm2. A complex component according to the invention containing 65% by volume of petroleum oil was prepared according to the invention determined at 100 [deg.] C. and the weight ratio of components B2 and C5 was 1: 3.6. The effect of the complex component thus prepared was tested on a ŠKO-DA 130 RAPID vehicle using a BA-96 gasoline containing 0.15 g lead per liter and a 400ppm complex component. After driving 25,000 km on the highway and in the msst, the engine was dismantled. No deposits were found when visually inspecting the carburetor, the intake manifold and the intake valves. Example 3 Mixing 6.8 wt. a chemical compound having structural formula I wherein m = 2, n = 3, p = 2, 10.2% by weight; a chemical compound of formula III wherein r = 2, s = 3, t = -2 and R 5 represents an amino group, 39% by weight of a oil with a viscosity of 11.7 mm 2. at 100 ° C and 44% by weight. of an aromatic solvent containing 93 wt. aromatic 8 and 9 carbon atoms in the molecule have been prepared to form a complex component. The effect of this complex component was tested on the passenger car TATRAT-603, which drove 80,000 km with autobenzin without additives of this type. Significant black deposits hurt on the carburettor. A complex component of the invention was introduced into the fuel at a concentration of 16 ml per 30 liters of fuel. After driving 18,000 km, it was found that the carburetor was cleaned and the average gasoline consumption decreased by 3.7% o-consumption without using the complex component of the invention. EXAMPLE 4 The effect of the complex fuel fuel component of the present invention was compared to a similar product of foreign production. The comparison was carried out on the two 20,000-kilometer mileage tests of two automobilocheskoda 130 Rapid, with the use of automotive gasoline containing a complex component according to the invention and a foreign product-designation in one automobile. The complex component of the present invention consisted of 80% by weight of refined petroleum oil having a viscosity of 13.7 mm 2. with " 1 " determined at 100 [deg.] C. and further from 20% by weight of the mixture of components Bi and Ci, wherein the mutual mass ratio was 1: 60. The component Bd was a compound with chemical formula I and II, where n = 0 and p = 6, and C 1 has the formula III and IV, respectively, where r = 3, s = 1, t = 2 and R 1 represents N, N '- dimethylamino. automotive at 60, 90 and 120 km / h. The results shown in Table 1 show that, by using the complex component of the invention, a reduction in fuel consumption was achieved compared to the comparative product, on average by 1.3 to 5.1. Table 1 1 Difference (1 - 2] Component Component TypeConcentration in Hot% MassesFuel Consumption 1/100 km at 60 km / h90 km / h 120 km / h according to the invention 0.06 0.06 4.9 5.2 -0.2 5.8 6.1 —0.3 7.6 7.7 -0.1 SUBJECT MATTER

CLAIMS 1. A complex fuel component for spark-ignition engines, characterized in that it comprises from 40 wt. % to 85 wt. % of component A and from 15 wt. % to 60 wt. the mixture of components Ba C, wherein the relative weight ratio of components B: C is from 1: 0.01 to 1: 100, wherein component A is a refined petroleum oil with a viscosity of 5.5 to 14 mm 2. s_1 at 100 ° C, component B is a chemical compound with the structural formula IO 11 RrCH -Cx i N-CHL-C '<II O CH, 1 CH-Ri 9 235397 in which R 1 represents a branched alkene monovalent functional group with 15 to 95 carbon atoms, R 2 is a divalent functional group having the structural chemical formula 10 R 3 is the same monovalent functional group as R 1, R 6a is a monovalent functional group with a structural chemical formula

wherein the integer is from 1 to 6, n is an integer from zero to 4, p is an integer from 1 to 9. and Component C is a chemical compound with a structural formula II OR 1 C 1 and CH 2 CH 2. 10 in which n is an integer from 1 to 6, s is an integer from zero to 6, t is an integer from zero to 24, R 5 is a hydrogen atom and / or a monovalent functional group selected from the group consisting of functional groups which includes amino, anilino, N-methylamino, N, N '-dimethylamino, phenyl and hydroxy.

2. A complex fuel component according to claim 1, further comprising 15% to 70% by weight of fuel engines. the mass of the total mixture of aromatic hydrocarbons having from 7 to 12 carbon atoms in the molecule or the technical mixture of aromatic, alkanic, cycloalkane and olefinic hydrocarbons boiling in the range of 100 ° C to 250 ° C, the aroma content of the thixotropic mixture being higher 50% by weight.