CS250759B1 - Liquid nitrogen-potash fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The solution relates to liquid nitrogen potassium nitrogen-containing fertilizers, which in 100 wt. parts 2 to 50 wt. parts of potassium chloride and / or potassium sulfate and / or nitrate % potassium, 0.5 to 50 wt. urea-formaldehyde condensate, 25 to 97.5 wt. water and possibly 0.5 to 20 hmoot. ammonium nitrate and / or ammonium sulfate and / or ammonia and 0.5 up to 20 wt. parts of the stabilizing additive.

Description

(54) Liquid nitrogen-potassium fertilizer

2

The solution relates to a liquid nitrogen-potassium fertilizer with gradual nitrogen, which in 100 wt. parts comprising 2 to 50 wt. 0.5 parts by weight of potassium chloride and / or potassium sulfate and / or potassium nitrate; parts by weight of urea-formaldehyde condensate, 25 to 97.5 wt. of water and 0.5 to 20 hmoot. parts by weight of ammonium nitrate and / or ammonium sulfate and / or ammonia; and 0.5 to 20 wt. parts of the stabilizing additive.

25D759

The present invention relates to a liquid nitrogen-potassium fertilizer with slow-acting nitrogen.

In plant nutrition, potassium is the most important nutrient in addition to nitrogen and phosphorus.

Nitrogen is an essential building block of plant cells, it is a component of protein-forming amino acids, nucleic acids, chlorophyll, carbohydrates and alkaloids. The effect of nitrogen on vegetation is pervasive and the plants react very well to its excess as well as to the excess. Symptoms of nitrogen deficiency can be observed in all the developmental stages of the plant, from germination to maturation, and in all other phases. These symptoms are very often observed early in the spring, when the nitrate stores in the pod can be washed off into deeper layers and the microbial processes in heavy and cold vats take place with less intensity. In commonly used industrial fertilizers, both solid and liquid, the nitrogen is predominantly present in the form of ammoniacal, nitrate or amidic, which are rapid, so-called ammoniacal, nitrous or amide fertilizers. emergency forms of nitrogen. Nitrate nitrogen is the ultimate assimilable form of nitrogen for plants.

In the current period is the use of applied. Nitrogen plants are very low, ranging from 30 to 60% depending on soil climatic conditions and the type of culture. A certain solution to this problem is the application of forms of nitrogen with protracted efficacy, which for the plant under storage for the entire period of vegetation and limiting the number of inputs.

Sources of slow-acting nitrogen are urea-aldehyde condensates, oxamide, hexamethylenetetramine crotoneslideneurea, the use and method of manufacture of which are subject to the application of the U.S. Pat. AO č. 178 567, MS. AO č. 141 057, MS. AO č. 184 678, Czechosl. AO č. 149 810, Czechosl. AO (PV 6595-81). Potassium is a very important factor in optimal plant nutrition due to its high ash content. Similar to N and K, it is of great physiological importance.

In the presence of potassium, nitrogen uptake and protein synthesis increase, promoting the most swelling of plasma colloids. In potassium deficiency in plant cells, ammoniacal N accumulates due to poor conversion to amino acids, which is toxic to plants and induces leaf necrosis.

Potassium is supplied to the soil in the form of solid salts, potassium chloride, potassium sulphate, occasionally potassium nitrate, possibly as part of multi-component solid NPK fertilizers, or liquid foliar fertilizers. The production and application of NK fertilizers in liquid form is rare, the use of nitrogen-potassium potassium fertilizers with slow nitrogen form is unknown.

It has now been found that the combined application of nitrogen and potassium can be provided by a liquid nitrogen-potassium fertilizer with a slow acting nitrogen according to the invention.

The essence of the invention is that in 100 wt. parts comprising 2 to 50 wt. 0.5 parts by weight of potassium chloride and / or potassium sulfate and / or potassium nitrate; parts by weight of urea-formaldehyde condensate, 25 to 97.5 wt. works of water.

The liquid fertilizer according to the invention can be in 100 wt. parts in addition may also contain 0.5 to 20 wt. parts by weight of ammonium nitrate and / or ammonium sulfate and / or ammonia; and 0.5 to 20 wt. parts of the stabilizing additive.

It has also been found that the stabilizing additive may be a sprayed bentanite dispersion and / or a humate.

The liquid nitrogen-potassium fertilizer according to the invention has very good stability and satisfactory theological properties. Its liquid suspension form ensures uniform application of both nitrogen and potassium. It is suitable for the autumn stock fertilization, as it provides a sufficient supply of nitrogen and potassium for the following vegetation period.

The presence of amide nitrogen in the form of urea guarantees sufficient stability of the fertilizer against low temperatures during long-term storage.

A further advantage of the fertilizer according to the invention is that, in addition to the water-soluble rapid-acting form of nitrogen, it also contains slow-acting nitrogen.

The liquid suspension fertilizer according to the invention, even without the addition of a stabilizer, is stable but with a limited time (7-12 days).

In order to obtain a stable suspension suitable for long-term storage, it is advisable to add a stabilizing additive.

Furthermore, it has been found that from an agrochemical point of view, it is desirable that the N:: K2O ratio by weight in relation to one another be advantageous. expression was 1: 3 to 1: 5. The suspension fertilizer according to the invention can be mixed in liquid nitrogen fertilizers of the DAM type with liquid NP fertilizers 8 to 24 to 0 and provides the possibility of preparing liquid mixed NPK fertilizers with the desired ratio of individual nutrients. These examples illustrate but do not limit the scope of the invention.

EXAMPLE 1 Based on technical potassium chloride (60% K2O), water and urea-formaldehyde powder condensate (38.5% N total), homogenizing 140 wt. parts by weight of urea-formaldehyde condensate and 260 wt. of a 20% KCl solution, an NK suspension was prepared with the following parameters:

total N content: 13.5% N potassium content: 8.2% H2O pH at 20 ° C: 6.4 d20 ° C: 1320 kg m ³ stability after 7 days storage: 86% vol.

Example 2

Homogenization of 90 wt. parts of technical potassium chloride, 270 wt. 50 parts by weight of water; parts by weight of urea-formaldehyde condensate (38.5% N), 10 wt. and 29.2 wt. of a 15% sodium bentonite dispersion, a stable NK suspension was obtained with the following parameters:

total nitrogen content potassium content: pH at 20 ° C: specific gravity d20 ° C: stability after 7 days storage:

6,1% N 14,6% K2O θ, 7

340 g cnr ³ 98% vol.

Example 3

Into a stainless steel reaction boiler equipped with a saw stirrer, a thermometer and an inverted water cooler, 250 wt. parts of water in which 50 wt. parts of urea / formaldehyde condensate powder (total nitrogen content: 38.5% N) for 90 minutes. After dosing 110 wt. parts of technical potassium sulphate (52.8% K2O) and 120 minutes homogenization yielded a NK fertilizer suspension with the following parameters:

Total nitrogen content:

potassium content:

ipH at 20 ° C:

specific gravity d20 ° C:

stability after 7 days storage:

4.7% N 14.2% K2O

6.8

380 kg m ³ 88% vol.

Example 4

Evidence homogenization of individual components in the following ratios:

200 wt. parts by weight of water, 85 wt. parts by weight of urea-formaldehyde condensate, 15 wt. parts by weight of crystalline ammonium sulfate, 90 wt. parts by weight of potassium nitrate (45% K2O) and 30 wt. parts of a 15% natrified bentonite dispersion gave a stable NK suspension with the following parameters:

total nitrogen content potassium content: pH at 20 ° C: specific gravity d20 ° C: stability after 7 days storage:

11.5% N

9.6% K2O

6.6

310 kg m ~ ³ 96% vol.

Example 5

Homogenization of the individual components in the following proportions:

400 wt. parts of water, 170 wt. parts by weight of urea-formaldehyde condensate (38 percent total nitrogen), 45 wt. parts by weight of potassium nitrate (45% K 2 O), 20 wt. parts by weight of potassium sulfate, 25 wt. parts by weight of potassium chloride (60% K 2 O) and 60 wt. parts of a 15% natured bentonite dispersion gave a stable NK suspension specified as follows:

total nitrogen content: potassium content: specific gravity d20 ° C: pH at 20 ° C: stability after 7 days storage:

9.9% N 6.1% K2O 1,360 kg m ~ ³ 6.5% Art.

Claims (3)

SUBJECT Liquid nitrogen-potassium fertilizer with slow nitrogen nitrogen, characterized in that in 100 wt. % by weight contains 2.0 to 50.0 wt. 0.5 parts by weight of potassium chloride and / or potassium sulfate and / or potassium nitrate; % of urea-formaldehyde condensate and 25.0 to 97.5 wt. works of water. 2. A liquid fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains 0.5 to 20.0% by weight of the fertilizer. % of ammonium nitrate and / or ammonia; and 0.5 to 20.0 wt. stabilizing ingredients. 3. Liquid fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that it contains a bentonite dispersion as a stabilizing agent