CS246559B1 - Apparatus for electrolytical regeneration of mettals - Google Patents

Description

-1-

HA3BAHHE H30BPETEHHH

YcTpoftcTBo flJiH BJieKTponHTHvecKofi pereHepayHH ΜβταηποΒ OSnaCTb ΠρΗΜβΗβΗΗΗ Μ3θ6ρβΤβΗΗΗ npeflíiaraeMoe naoÓpeTeHHe othochtcjí to ycTpoňCTBaM rjih sjíeKTponHTiwecKoňpereHepaiJHH MeTaJIJIOB B íiaCTHOCTH cepe6pa H3 φΟΤΟΓρβφΗΗβΟΚΗΧ paCTBOpOB c KOHyeHTpHnecKH BpamaramHMHca οκοπο ορ, ηοΆ och aneKTponaMK η ΗβποβΒΗΜΚΜ-ΜΗ, KOHUeHTpH ^ eeKH paCnOJIOXeHHHMH ΠρΟΤΗΒΟΠΟΠΟΚΗΜΜΗ 3JieKTpOflaMH.

XapaKTépHCTHKa H3BecTHbix Texmmeckhx peiaeHHn

Jí B B B B B B B B B B B KT KT KT KT KT KT KT KT KT KT KT KT KT KT p p p p p p p p p p H H H H H H H H H H H H H H. Tax, HanpHMep, ycTpoiícTBa c Bpama »mHMHCH xaTOflaMH b BHfle KoaKCHanb-ho pacnojioxeHHbix iíHJiHHflpHvecKHX nnacTHH in HenoflBHjKHbíMH Hi; AMH b xonbye-o6pa3HOM npocTpaHCTBe MEAC ^ y hhmh (DE-PS 1192830) and ycTpoňcTsa c iíhjíhhh-pHuecKHMM BpamaroinHMHCH xaTOflaMH (DE -PS 1 133 565). C flpyroft CTopoHbí, H3BecTHm paanHBHbie ycTpoňcTsa c BpamaiomHMHca aHoflaMH, HaXOflHmHMHCH BHyTpH ΟβΗΟΓΟ HJIH CpeflH HeCKOJIbKHX flpyr K flpyry KOHUeHTpH-i yecKH pacnoJioxeHHbix xaTOfloe, ΗΜβιοαριχ φορκγ HHJiHHflpHHecKHx noBepxHocTeft (DE-PS 1,176,379, DE-OS 2,507,123, DE-PS 889 261; DE-PS 1 763 373; ny6-jiHKannji Arnηρμβι Arnold u. Richter; ny6jiHKauna Φηρμη Film Promotion). Toko-npOBOflbl «JIH BHyTpeHHHX HenOflBHKHbK KaTOflOB HaXOflHTCH B SJIeKTpÓJIHTe, b 06-jiacrn CTeHbí κ« Ha ΒπεκτροπΗΤΗΗβοκΗΧ SaKOB. 0co6eHHO NPH sjíeKTpojiHTiráecKoň pereHepaiJHH cepeSpa «3 φοτοΓρβφΗΜβοκΗΧ PA ctbopob, Henb3H npeBbímaTb onpeneneHHoro npeflensHoro noTempiaJia xaTona.3tot npefleubHbiíí ποτβΗςΗβίΐ He 3aBHCHT rpm coflepjKaHHH cepe6pa b pacTBope HNE 3aBHCHT rpm cooTBeTCTByronmx mfípopfmatmnecKKX ycnoBuň. Ejih KáToflHbtiTeHUHan 6onee OTpimaTejibHwn, pacTBop pa3JiaraeTca h cTeneHb hhctoth bm- 246559 -2- fHeyHHoro cepeppa CHH aaTCH. lime 6ojiee nonoJKHTGJibHbix 3HanGHHHx, npousBO-flHTenbHocTb bmugjighhh cepe6pa HGuoGTaTouHan. TaxHM o6pa3OM, onraMajib-Hbouň tok, pacxoflyeMbiň Ha npopecc 3JieKTpojiH3a, οπρεηε, ΠΗβτεΗ toubko npeflenb-HblM nOTBHIJHajIOM.

XOTH h ormcaHHbie annapaTbi nocTpoeHbí BpamaTGJibHo-chmmgtphhggkh Ha ocHOBa-HHH KOHCTpyKUHOHHbIX OGOĎGHHOGTGň B CBH3H C pOTaUHOHHblMH flBHKGHHHMH 3JIGKT "pOflOB nOHBJIHlOTCH ΠΟΤΘΗΐχΗΒΠΒΗΜβ KOJIG6aHHH, KOTOpbie B HeflOnyCTHMOÍi Μβρβ πρβ-BbímawT npeflejibHbiň ποτβΗμΗβη κβτοοοΒ B 6oJibniHHCTBe GJiyuaGB, ocoGeHHo npn pereHepaipm cepé6pa H3 H3pacxo; noBaH -HblX <J) HKCHpyiOIHHX paCTBOpOB, STO CBOflCTBO HBJIHGTGH ΠΡΗΊΗΗΟΗ 3HaHHTGJIbHbIXHeflocTaTKOB. TaK, HanpHMep, KaqecTBo h oco6eHHo CTeneHb hhctoth BbiueneH-Horo cepe6pa CHraaraTCH. BbmejineTCH 3HawnTejibHaH nacTb cepe6pHHoro cyjib <l> H-fla, npHweM pacTBop pa3JiaraeTca, ηβθτ H3MeHaeTCH h oh gthhobutch ηθ-npHroflHbM. HepoHeHeHHe, sth ηβηθημη ηθ bo3-HHκαOT, HO3αTO npOH3BOflHTeJlbHOCTb BblUGJIGHHH Cepe6pa yCTaHOBKH 3HaHHTeJIb cHHacaercH. Bcjie cTBHe ^ He, qonycTHMo 6οηβιπογο flHanaaoHa noTeHiínajibHbix co-jie6aHnň 3πεκτρορ; οΒ, hgbo3Mokho CHaSaceHne ycraHOBOK ycTpoňCTBaMH ujih H3Me-peHHH KaTOflHoro noTeHixHana c uenhw ynpaBJíeHHH pacxoflyeMoro Ha npoueec3jieKTpoJiH3a Tokai η, τβΜ Cambio aBTOMaTH3apns ycTaHOBOK ujih pereHepaijHH CE pe6pa ηθβο3μοικη3.

Bejlb Η3Ο0ρβΤβΗΗΗ

Uejibio H3o6peTeHHH HBJíaeTCH 3HamrrejihHoe noBbímeHHG npoH3BonHTejibHOCTH bw-aejieHHH eepečpa, οεοδβΗΗο Rip pereHepaiyrH cepeSpa H3 φοτοΓρβφκηεεκΗχ pa-cTBopoB, 6E3 pa3JioxeHHH pacTBopa, πρηηθμ nojiyqaeTCH Μετρηη BbicoKoň ετε-ΠεΗΗ UHCTOTbI. B H3BecTHbix ycTpoňCTBax, χοτη η ετροεκκε sneKTpouoB BpamaTenbHo HX-CHM-ΜετρΗπεεκοε, noHBJímoTCH noTeHUHanbHbie KOJiGóaHHH, κοτορωβ aaBHCHT οτ B3a-ΗΜΗΟΓΟ paOnOHOaCOHHH SJíeKTpOflOB flpyr K flpyry, Η UHKJHWeCKH ΠΟΒΤΟΡΗΙΟΤεΗBOJieflOTBue BpamaTOJibHoro ubhjkghhh. 3th noTeHUHanbHbie κοπεββΗΗΗ oSyenoB-ηβΗω ποπο®εΗΗεΜ τοκοπροβορ, οβ κ ΗβποΑΒΗΧΗΗΜ. 3JWKTpo, o; aM, οεοδεΗΗο κ paeno-JIOJKGHHblM BHyTpH 3JIGKTp0flaM. 3aflana Η3θ6ρετβΗΗη gogtoht b npeuoTBpameHHH noTeHUHanbHbix KoneSaHHň bycTpoňcTBax ujih 3ηεκτροηΗΤΗΗβεκοή pereHepaunn MeTaJiJioB c kohughtphuggkhBpamaiouiHMHCH BOKpyr oflHoťt ofímeň och aneKTpouaMH c h ηθποαβϊεκημμη, κοκηθη-TpHUeCKH paCnOJIOÍKGHHblMH npOTHBOnOJIOHCHblMH SJíeKTpOflaMH. B εοοτΒετετΒΗΗ C H3o6pgtghhgm, pemeHHe saflann coctoht b that ητο6μ β NPO-GTpaHGTBG MGJKfly TOKOnpOBOflaMH H SJIGKTpOflaMH, nOCpGflCTBOM BBOfla TOKOirpOBO-flaiUGň ipuniHflpHHGGKoň βοκοΒοϋ ποΒβρχΗοετΗ h / hjih κοπΒΐι, εΒοβ ποθερχΗοετΗ h / hjihKpyroBoň noBepxHocTH, eo3uaTb ποετοπΗΗΜε ποτβΗμΗβπω, κοτορωε HCKmonaioTaoHMMGTpHH ΒηβκτρΗηβεκοΓο ποΠΗ h npGflOTBpamaioT npoxoaweHHG jiHHHn οπεκτρΗ-HGGKOTO TOKa OT TOKOnpOBOflOB. OTpmjaTGJIbHOrO BJIHHHHH TOKOIipOBOflOB Ha Π0 "TGHITHaJlbHblG GOOTHOmGHHH HG SyflGT, GGJIH 3aKpbITb TOKOnOflBOflbl, npOTGKaiOmHG 6O0JiaCTH CTeHbl 6aKa, UHJIHHUpHUGCKHM CTaJlbHEIM JIHCTOM, KOTOpblň OflHOBpGMGHHOO0pa3yGT BHGUIHHň HGriOUBHJKHblH SJIGKTpOfl. 3TOT SJíeKTpOH, and T3K3KG flpyrHG, BGTpaHBaGMblG ΠΟ HGOSXOUHMOCTH BO BHyTPb KOHUGHTpHHGGKH pacnOJIO ^ eHHbie, HenOflBHJK- 246559 -3-

Hbie BJieXTpOflM, MOryT ΤΟ5ΚΘ 6bITb nOJIblMH flHJIHHflpaMH, OflHOCTOpOHHe 33XpbITbIMHno oTHoineHHro κ τοκοπροΒΟββΜ. J of of of of of of of of of of of B B B HT B B B B B B TH B B B c c B B op op op op op op op op op op op op Bpa-qaionpiecH sjíexTpoflbí Moxhe 3axpbiTb well οτηοπιθηηιο to ToxonoflBOflaM κ προτΗΒοηο-JioJKHbíM ajiexTpoflaM πρκ ποΜοπξΗ 3atnHTHbix xpyroBbix hjih KojibyeBbtx noBepxHocTeň, κοτορωβ co3flaioT ποοτοηηηηη noTeHipian. 3th npoBOflHiUHe xpyroBbie hjih xojibfle-Bbie noBepxHocTH, κοτορΗβ cnywaT fljia SKpaHHpoBaHHH, H3roTOBJieHbi npeHMymecT-XAX ΒβΗΗΟ ηβρφορΗροΒΗΗΗΜβ jihctm, ρειπβτκΗ hjih οβτκΗ Ha xoTopbix pacnojiojKe saBHxpjnonpie sjíeMeH-HH-RBI c flejibio noBbímeHHH TypGyjieHTHocTH ajiexTpoJiHTHnec-Koro pacTBopa. HenoflBHJKHbie 3JiexTpoflbi paGoTaioT npeHMymecTBeHHo xax xaTOflbi, and BpamaiomHecH 3JiexTpoflbi - xax and Hoflb.

ΠρΗΜβρΜ HcnoJiHeHHB IIpeflJiaraeMoe HaoGpeTeHHe noflpoČHee oGbHCHaeTCH HHxe Ha npHMepax HcnoJiHe-hhh. IIpHJioHceHHbie pHcyHKH noxasbiBaioT:

Phc 1i Paapea ajiexTpojiHTHqecxoro ycTpoftcTBa

Phc. 2: Bha 3JiexTpojiHTHnecxoro ycTkolikcTBa what CTopoHbí flHa

Phc. 3: Bpamaromeeca pacnpefleJieHHe aHOflOB sjíexTpojiHTHnecxoro ycT least- CTBa, BHflHMOe CO CTOPOHbl flHa

Phc. 4: Pa3pe3 3jiexTpojiHTHqecxoro ycT at leastTBa PHcyHKH. 1 h 2 HsoGpaxaioT flHJiHHflpHnecxHň 6AX (1), b xotopom HaxoflHTca flBaHenoflBHXHbK, xoHueHTpHHecxH pacnoJioJKeHHbix xaTOfla (2), b ncnojiHeHHbix BHfleaaKpbITbIX C OflHOft CTOPOHbl nojlbix flHJIHHflpOB IlOfl XaTOflaMIÍ .. (2) HáXOflHTCH NPO-BOfljrapH ceTxa (3) πρηηθμ nponoxeHHbie Ha CTeHxax h flHe ToxonoflBlbI (4) 1 axpaHHpoBaHbI HapyjKHoii noBepxHocTbio BHeHero xaTOfla (2) hcOxo flHa (3) η He HcnoJibsyioTCB flus BbiflejieHHH MeTaJina. HeoGxoflHMoe flHxeHHe pacTBop octy-swordTBHItCH H3BecTHbiM cnocoGoM, nocpepicTBOM BpamromeroCH aHOflOflepacaTejia (5), xoTopbi ΗΜββτ GoJibmoe hhcjio yronbHbix aHOflOB (6). ha pHcyHxe 3 noxasaHo βηαημοθ as ctopohm flHa, BpaiuaioiqeecH pacnpeflejieHHeaHOflOB, aHoflbí κοτοροτο saxpwTbi no

Ha pHcyHxe 4. H3o6paxeH paape3 flHjiHHflpHtiecxoro snexTpoJiHTHnecxoro ycT at least cT-ea c BpamaianHMCH pacnpefleneHHeM aHOflOB, xax Ha pne. 3, anoflb (6) χοτοροτο3axpwŤbi xpyroBoň noBepxHocTbio (8) h xoJibfleBoíí noBepxHocTbx »(7). HaxoflamHe · 'ca B 6axe (1) ηοποπηθηβηθ b BHfle nojibix flHJiHHflpoB XA roflbí (2) noflXJiKJneHbíκ ToxonoflBOflaM (9) xoTopwe npoBefleHbí nacTHHHo crtapyacH h oópaTHOMy fleňcT-BHto xoTopbix Ha xaToflHbiH noTeHflHaJi npenHTCTByeT xpyroBaa npoBOflflmaa njiacTH-Ha (10 .alpha., .alpha., .alpha., .alpha., .alpha.

PemeHHe, HaftfleHHo flaHHbM Η3θδρετβΗΗβΜ, npeflOTBpamaeT noTeHflHanbHbie xoJie-SaHHH IIaHexHItHIHIHIHIHIHHiOnHe aBTOMaTH3aflHio npoflecca. 246559 -4- ΦΟΡΜΥ-ΠΑ Η3ΟΒΡΕΤΕΗΗΗ first YcTpoňcTBo flJin sjíeKTpojiHTnqecKOH pereHepaipiH MeTanjiOB b nacTHOCTH, cepeSpa H3 4> oTorpa $ HnecKHx pacTBopoB c κοΗηθΗτρΗΜβεκΗ BpamawinHMHCH okojioo6meň och ajieKTpoflaMH h ηθποαβηχημμη, κοηιιθητρηηθοκη pacnojioateHHbíMH NPO-THBOnOJIOJKHblMH SJíeKTpOflaMH, OTJIHMaKHHeeCH ΤΘΜ MTO MHHHMyM OflHH H3 flByX 3Jie-KTpOflHblX BHflOB (2, 6) 3aKpbIT ΠΟ ΟΤΗΟΙΠΘΗΗΙΟ K npOTHBOJieiKaiUHM EMY TOKOnOflBO "FLAM (4) Κ ΛΡΥΓΗΜ SJíeKTpOflHblM BHflaM NPH ΠΟΜΟΠζΗ SJíeKTponpoBOflHIHHX flHJIHHflpH" qecitHx fíoKOBbix noBepxHocTeft (2) h / hjih KOJibfleBbix noBepxHOCTeň (7) h / hjihxpyroBbix noBepxHOCTeň (2; 8). Second YcTpoíicTBo well nyHKTy 1 orannaromeecH τθμ, ητο oahh HenoflBHKHbrií hjihHecKOJibKO HenoflBHWHbix, flpyr κ flpyry κοηαθητρηηθοκη pacnonojKeHHbix ajiéKTpo-Flobo, κοτορωθ fleňCTByioT npeHMymecTBeHHO κβκ κθτοημ (2) o6pa3yioT oahocto-poHHe 3axpbiTbie no οτηοιπθηηιο κ TOKonoflBOflaM (4) nonbie flHJiHHflpbi b kotopmxh / hjih Meacfly kotopwmh pacnonoaceHbb κοηιιθητρηηθοκη BpamaioiuHecH pjieKTpoflbi.fleň CTByiomne npeHMyinecTBeHHo kbk aHOflb (6). 3. ycT leastcTBo no nyHKTy 2, oTjnmaioineecH, hto c pentio 3KpaHHpoBaHH «TOKonoflBOfla (4) Ha flHe 6axa (1), Hao BHeniHen οτοροΗθ pacnoJioaceHa npo-BogmuaH nnacTHHa. Fourth ycTpoňcTBo well nyHKTy 1 oTJinnaiomeecH τθμ MTO πρθημυπιθοτβθηηο khkaHoflbí (6) ReňcTByioiHHe aneKTpoflbí, epamaramnecH βηυτρη oflHoro hjih Meatfly ηθ-CKOJIbKHMH ΚΟΗΗΘΗΤΡΗΗΘΟΚΗ pacnOJIOXeHHblMH, o6pa3yK) lHHMH nOJIbie flHJIHHflpbl H NPE-HMyniecTBeHHo CSC KaTOflbí (2) fleňcTByiomHe ηθποαβηικημμη npoTHBonoJioacHbíMH SNE-KTpoflaMH , but 3aKpbiTbie οτηοιπθηηιο κ TOKonoflBOflaM (4) κ προτηβοποβοικηημ 3JieK-TponaM NPH ποΜοπρι κοηαθητρηηθοκη jiencamnx κ och BpameHHH 'npoBOflfliHHX Kpyro · * Bbix noBepxHOCTeň (8) h / hjih κοπβαθβηχ ποβθρχηοοτθη (7). 5. ycT least cTBo no nyHKTaM 1 h 4, oTJiHnaiomeecH τθμ, hto npoBORHinHe Kpy-TOBbie (3; 8) HJIH KOJIbpeBbie (7) ΠΟΒθρΧΗΟΟΤΗ, πρΗΜΘΗΗΘΜΜΘ PflX 3aKaHHHBaHHHKaToflos (2) h / hjih aHOflOB (6) , pemeT-KH HJIH CeTKH. 6. ycT leastcTBo no nyHKTaM 1, 4h 5, oTJiHnaiomeecH τθμ, hto Ha KpyroBbix (3; 8) h / hjih KoflbfleBbix (7) noBepxHocTnx pacnoJioations 3aBHxpjnoiuHe βπθμθητμ. 246559 -5-

AHHOTAW npeflJiaraeMoe Η3θ6ρβτβΗΜβ othochtch to ycTpoňcTBy, npeflHa3HaqeHHOMy ajih ajiex-τροπΗΤΗΊβςκοή pereHepauHH MeTannoB b qacTHocTH, cepeópa H3 φοτοΓρβφΗΜβε-khx pacTBopoB c KOHueHTpHqecKH okojio och BpamaionmMHCH sneKTponaMH H-Ile ΠΟΗΒΗΧΗΗΜΗ, ΚΟΗΙξβΗΤρΗΊβΟΚΗ paCIIOJIO «eHHbIMH npOTHBOnOJIOJKHblMH SJíeKTpOflaMH.

Uenbio Η3θ6ρβτεΗΗΗ, oco6eHHo npn pereHepaijHH cepečpa «3 φοτοΓρβφΗΊθοκΗχ PA ctbopob, HBJíHeTCH noBbnneHHe npoH3BOflHTejibHocTH BbifleneHHH cepe6pa H CTeneHHHHCTOTbi MeTanna, πρκ npefloTBpameHHH pa3JioxeHHs paCTBopa, .3afla> qa Η3θ6ρβτβΗΗΗ - npeflOTBpaTHTb noTemmanbHbie KoneGaHHH áneKTpoflOB. C 3 Tofl ixenbio b oJiTHiTH Meatfly ToxonoflBOflaMH h anePePonMH pacnonationBe ane- KTpOnpOBOflHIHHe SKpaHbl, KOTOpbie C03flaiOT noeepXHOCTH KOHCTaHTHOro nOTeHIJHa-na h HCKJiiouaioT acHMMeTpHH aneKTpHneckoro ποπη. npn3HaHo «3θ6ρβτβΗΗβΜ no peaynbTaTBM 3KcnepTH3bi, ocymecTBJiHHoBeflOMCT-BOM ΠΟ flenaM Η3θ6ρβΤβΗΗή Η ΠβΤβΗΤΟΒ ΓΠΡ. 2 nepTeaca 246559

Claims (4)

246 559 C D M D T I TION OF THE INVENTION An apparatus for electrolytically regenerating metals, in particular photographic solution silver, with concentrically rotating electrodes and fixed, concentrically opposed electrodes, characterized in that at least one of the two electrodes (2, 6) is closed by opposing conductors (4) to other electrodes by means of electrically conductive cylindrical side surfaces (2) or annular surfaces (7) and / or circular surfaces (2, 8). 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the movable or several stationary concentric electrodes, which act advantageously as cathodes, form closed poles of cylinders, one or both of which are concentrically rotatable, relative to the conductors (4). electrodes, preferably acting as anodes (6). 5. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that a conductive plate is placed on the outside of the tub (1) on the outside of the tub (1). 4. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the anodes (6) are preferably electrodes rotating internally. One or more of the concentrically mounted pole cylinders and the cathodes (2) are preferably stationary opposed electrodes closed to the conductors (4) and opposite the electron beam by means of conductive circular surfaces (8) and / or annular surfaces (7) concentrically mounted to the axis of rotation. Apparatus according to claims 1 and 4, characterized in that the free circular surfaces (5, 8) or the annular surfaces (?) Used as the ends of the cathodes (2) and / or the anodes (6) are provided as perforated moldings, grids or widths · 6. Apparatus according to claim 1, 4 and 5, characterized in that mixing elements are arranged on the circular surfaces (5, 8) and / or on the annular surfaces (7).