CS243791A3 - Process and apparatus for turning pilgrim roll grooves - Google Patents

Description

JUDr. Miloš VŠETEČKAadvokát? TS © 4 PRAHA ΐ, Žitná 25

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A method and apparatus for performing cavities for pilgrim rolling

Technical field

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BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for calibrating a hot rolling mill on a lathe for a computer controlled cylinder in which the calibrating shape of the rollers, expressed by mathematically defined and assembled curves, is stored in a computer memory and for which the surface caliber defined at each coordinate point by means of a tool designed as a turning tool by linear and rotary movements.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The rollers used in pilgrim rolling, see FIG. 1, have a very special caliber shape, given by the hot-rollover method. It is known to produce large diameter and thick wall perforated tubular preforms in these rollers, using a tubular mandrel and a small wall thickness, with the calibration diameter adapted to the average punched tubular billet in the zero circumference of the cylinder circumference. From here * see Area 1, Fig. 1, narrowing the calibration diameter according to the theoretical or empirical formula except for the polishing gauge, see area 2, Fig. 2, the diameter of which is adapted to the tube diameter. There is no change in the caliber diameter in the polishing pad itself.

It is only at the end of the polishing caliber that it is slightly tapered to gradually reduce the rolling forces and stresses, see area 3, Fig. 1. Subsequently, the diameter of the caliber is increased to no-load caliber, see area 4, fig. the zero point of rolling, see area 5, fig. 1. From this shape of the calibration cylinder and from this course the pitch angles, which are in the region between. n e l i-i i i i i i i i i e i e i e i e.

With a polishing gauge and a no-load gauge, the zero point is between a maximum of 40 ° and a minimum of 20 °. ; t i

In the case of rolling mills for pilgrim rolling with the original J-caliber shape, there were always problems in the manufacture of calibration rollers | we. In the past it was shown that the rollers for pilgrimage. ; It is most suitable to produce the turning by turning tools and? cutting carbide. Here are the use of lathes for cylinders,? which are controlled by a computer according to mathematically defined curves, which make the required caliber by means of cutting tool movements in several axes. ; =

If the angle of inclination of the caliber varies within wide limits, as previously mentioned, a problem arises when using cutting steels as their clearance angle and rake angle also vary within wide limits. ? In conventional machine tools of the type described, the angle of inclination varies between 3 and 68 °, the rake angle varies between 65 ° and 130 °. It can be easily ascertained that in these fluctuations, the optimum machining is only achievable in a few relative positions of the tool relative to the roll being machined, which cannot be achieved during the entire machining process. Though | at a set cutting angle using compromise solutions An extremely positive and extremely negative value, which, of course, compromises the possible speed of the cutting, which in known machines is limited by a value of at least 6 m / min.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Starting from the above problems and disadvantages, the present invention has the task of improving a lathe machine controlled by a computer of the type described above, so as to achieve a significant increase in performance by optimizing the cutting geometry of the tool.

In order to solve the problem, a method is proposed that optimizes the cutting angle of the tool at each support point perpendicular to the tangential plane k and pound by vertical movement (according to the Y axis) of the knife transverse to the rotary and rotating (according to the A axis) of the knife in the present correction of the wheel C, see Fig. 5, and after inserting the cylinder dimensions and rolling parameters (cylinder diameter, polishing gauge diameter, cutting speed, face depth, feed) into the memory, the computer calculates the inserted ka-pound data during roll processing. the coordinate points of the motion axes and communicate them to the control for interpolated execution. It is important to note that by moving the cutting knife vertically (Y axis, FIGS. 13 and 15) transversely to the axis of the rollers and simultaneously rotating the longitudinal axis thereof (axis A, FIG. 15) the optimum setting of the tool to the most suitable geometry of the web is possible. Which setting is optimal provides a connected computer, which has the dimensions of the cylinder and its parameters inserted, and which are determined by the calibrated values.

The computer calculates from these values for the determined calibrator with respect to the cross-sectional angle γ 'of the caliber and the cylinder circumference angle, both the coordinates of the respective support point, also the angle Wg, as well as the nominal values for the axes as well as the travel speed. As soon as the data for the first rotary rollers is obtained, these lathes are passed to the rollers and processed there. During this work, the computer calculates the on-line data for the subsequent cylinder rotation and passes it to the machine. The travel speed adapts to the lathe cycle time for the machine rollers and speed.

The lathe turning machine for carrying out the method is characterized in that the turning tool with its holder moves tangentially to the diameter of the cylinder and is rotatable about its longitudinal axis. Only - 4 - with these measures can be optimally increased! the cutting performance of the machine by adapting the cut geometry to each caliber diameter. The resulting variable geometry of the cut allows both the use of existing standard hardened metal steels and, above all, the increase in cutting ·; speed up to 10 times. At the same time, the lifetime of the used round cutting inserts is increased, so that these measures can achieve significantly higher performance. Preferably, the computer cooperating with the lathe is designed as a fast desktop computer connected on-line. ?

The geometry of the calibration cylinder causes the center of gravity of the cylinder to be eccentrically aligned with the axis of rotation after being swung into the lathe. In order to compensate for this, resulting and varying torque moment, an alignment device is disposed on the extended cylinder drive pin, which according to a particular feature of the invention consists of a lever that can be mounted on one side of the cylinder drive pin with one side and connected to the other side. controlled cylinder-piston unit, which is supported against the lathe frame on the cylinder. Compensation is performed by comparing the current draw in the center of gravity.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG

AND

The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a gauge rolling pillar, FIG. 1, FIG. 3 also shows a front view of the cylinder for; Fig. 4 shows a cross-section of a roll with clogged pitch angles; Figs. 5 to 7 show three position of rollers for pilgrim rolling with a turning tool; Fig. 8 is an elevational view of a roll for two-position pilgrim rolling; Fig. 9 shows a cutout of a pilgrim rolling with one point fixation, Fig. 10a; FIG. 10, FIG. 11 shows an axial section 5 of a fixed point of FIGS. 9 and 10, FIG. 12 is a sectional view of a fixed point parallel to the radius vector of FIGS. 9-11, FIGS. according to the invention. An exemplary embodiment of the invention

Fig. 1 shows the opening 1 of the caliber, the polishing pad 2, the run-out 3. the opening 4 and the tapering 2 towards the zero point of the calibration roll. There is a maximum pitch 6 at the zero point, which can reach up to 40 °. A minimum pitch angle 2 of up to minus 20 ° is indicated in the aperture 4. Starting from the zero point, the progress of the point angle (0 ° to 360 °) is shown.

FIG. 2 is a front elevational view of a pilgrim roll with a view of a zero point and a maximum tilting angle θ and an ideal cylinder radius R ^.

Fig. 3 is a front elevational view of a pilgrim roll with said clearance angle, radius vector and axial

In the void opening, the position of the head 28 with the tool radius Ky is the one used as the cutting tool below the X and Z positions.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the cylinder with the angles Wgx of the pitch at 4 ^ = 0 ° and the zero point of the caliber and the slope angle Wgx at 0 ° at a distance from the zero point.

FIG. 5 to 7 show a cross-section of a pilgrim roll with three positions of a turning tool 25. wherein in FIG.

the minimum pitch angle with correction of C and Y axis, while figure 7 shows a turning tool in polishing gauge without correction.

Fig. 8 is a front elevational view of a pilgrim roll with two turning tool positions at a zero point, the turning tool 26 being offset by an angle A on the left side of the drawing and minus Y corrected. o angle minus A and corrected for minus Y.

9 to 12, the point 24 at the circumference of the calibration roll is fixed at different angles.

Fig. 9 shows a point for which the angle of inclination and its components in the X and Z directions are to be shown as an example. This point is determined by the cylinder circumferential angle .alpha., The angle of cross section and the actual caliber of the caliper K1 as shown in Fig. 4. The pitch W, shown in Figure 12, is calculated according to the formula ~ Ws = arctg (dK ^ / dl ^: β), where dKR / dUw is the differential coefficient from the caliber radius to the circumferential angle a. .

Fig. 10 shows the radial component of the standing angle Wg according to the formula

Fig. 11 shows the axial component of the pitch angle according to the formula Angle of inclination and its components in the X and Z directions are required for the calculation of corrections. - 7 -

Figures 13 to 15 show a cylinder lathe in front, elevation and side view. The calibration cylinder to be processed is shown in dashed lines. The calibration roller is clamped between the spikes in the spindle housing 10 with the main spindle 11 and in the tailstock 11 and supported on the spigot by two lunettes 12, which are also located on the machine bed 13. The slide carriage 14 (Z-axis) is supported on the rear of the machine bed 13 with support slide 15 (Z-axis), slide 16 (x-axis) with TV-set 18 for cutting process tracking and with knife holder 17 (A-axis) rotating plus / minus 45 °.

At the rear end of the spindle housing, a lever 20 is provided on the protruding head of the main spindle 19, which is mounted on each clamp-like position. At the end of the lever there is a connecting rod 21 which is part of a hydraulic cylinder 22 which is connected at its lower end to a spindle housing

The machine works as follows:

The number of cross-sections forming spacing points is determined on the cylinder; for basic data, the caliper K ^, the angle of the back, the position of the cross-section from zero point as the angle "* U ^ of the circuit" are listed in the block of information. and for each section as follows:

The shape of the caliber is determined by a set of functions f (x) (U ^ ψ), whose parameters are stored in a block of information at the connected computer to determine the vector of the radius radius Kj, for each point with coordinates (0 to 360 °) = circumferential angle of the cylinder ( Fig. 1) Y "(-90 ° to ~ + 90 °) = caliber angle of the caliber (Fig. 3) R ^ = ideal cylinder radius (Fig. 2) (Kp = f (U,)).

dK with help

Creating a Differential Factor - 8 -

I $ &

I $ / ^ = ¾-¾ sin ú / '(Fig. 3) for each support point. (Uw,) calculates the pitch angle in the direction perpendicular to the surfaces of the dome at this point by the formula

Ws = arctg (dKp / dK ^: β) (Figure 12).

The pitch angle V / g is decomposed into the radial component 7 / gX = arctg (tg VZg x cos) (Fig. 10) and the axial component WgZ = arctg (tg Wg x sin (Fig. 11). Ky calculates the position and correction of the tool for each point- (U ^) X = Ryj (Kp “Ky) .sin (fig. 3) position axis, Z = (Kr - Ky) .cos if '(fig. 3), positioning axis, Y = (R ^ - KR) .tg WgX (Fig. 5 and 6), axis of correction (WgX) A = WgZ (Fig. 8) pivot axis of tool CTzrwD = Wov (Fig. 5 a 6) Correction of cylinder rotation axis' KORR SXC = Uy plus / minus

KORR cylinder rotation axis.

This data is inserted into the CNC control and traversed on the machine, while the CNC control is programmed by GG 4 so that the path is run at a uniform speed. í í vi

Devices for compensating for varying torque moments that arise from the eccentric center of gravity of the roll-winder roll operate as follows: The roll for rolling a roll is clamped into the machine tips while the roll center of gravity is set down. Then, the main spindle is rotated so that the zero point of the co-shifter is aligned with the zero point of the cylinder and the co-shifter 23 is clamped onto the four-sheet plate. Then, the lever on the main spindle is swung upward and clamped there. Adjusting the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic cylinder compensates for the torque that the circulating center of gravity called. Compensation is performed by comparing the current consumption in the center of gravity. 9 í # ίνϊ, · y # .1.¾

Industrial usability

The invention is applicable to the metalworking industry

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Claims (2)

A method for calibrating rollers for pilgrim rollers in a computer controlled numerical lathe, wherein the calibrated shape of the rollers, expressed by mathematically defined and assembled curves, is stored in a computer memory and for which the caliber surface is defined in each point by a coordinate system, is machined with a tool designed as a turning tool, by its linear and rotary movements, the geometric shape of the pound being formed by a horizontal movement, the X axis, the blades at the cylinder axis, the horizontal movement, the Z axis, the knife parallel to the cylinder axis and rotation, the cylinder axis C, characterized in that the optimum adjustment of the cutting angle of the tool is carried out at each support point perpendicular to the tangential plane of the gauge by vertical movement of the tool (X) of the knife across the cylinder axis and rotation by axis (A) knivesWith current axis correction (C) around. and after storing the cylinder dimensions and rolling parameters, f. the diameter of the roll, the diameter of the polishing calipers, the cutting depth, and the plunging, calculate the coordinate points of the axis during insertion of the calibrator from the inserted caliber data and transmit it to the control for interpolated execution. 2. A computer-controlled roller actuator for performing roll-rolling rollers according to claim 1, wherein the roll calibration curve, expressed by mathematically defined assembled curves, is positively embedded in a computer and the caliber surface defined at each point by an axis coordinate system. , processes the tool, which is designed as a turning tool, in a straightforward and rotational manner, characterized in that it is a turning tool. "The knife (25, 26, 27) is provided tangentially to its holder with respect to the cylinder diameter and rotatable about its longitudinal axis (A). 11 3 · jlfcontrol. on the roll according to claim 2, characterized in that, in order to compensate for the varying torque moment resulting from the eccentric position of the cylinder center of gravity, an alignment device engages in the elongate driving pin. 4 · J & control. on the roll according to claim 3, characterized in that the alignment device consists of a lever (20) which is clamped by one side on the roller drive pin (19) and the other side connected to a pressure-adjustable roller-piston unit which rests against the lathe frame on cylinder.