CS239579B1 - Lignocellulosic filter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for filtering exhaust or flue gases from veterinary sanitation facilities when processing animal waste into meat and bone meal, to increase the nutritional value of the filter medium, i.e. lignocellulosic matter by transferring proteins and fats from flue gases to the filter medium and also serves for hydrolysis and thus increasing digestibility for cattle. The essence of the subject matter of the invention lies in the structural conversion of the device and in the determined position of the level of the filtration material. The device according to the invention can be used in areas where there is a sufficient amount of lignocellulosic matter, such as corn and sunflower stalks, straw, etc., but especially as an additional device for veterinary sanitation facilities.

Description

239579

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a multipurpose device for the purification of waste steam and, at the same time, to the enhancement of the lignocellulosic composition, to the nutritional value thereof, to the efficient utilization of waste heat energy and to the very economical condensation of waste steam. Progressive technologies have been developed by the respective workplaces to increase the degree of eligibility of lignocellulosic crumbs, such as corn or sunflower stalks, straw, clover, etc. It is the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic material in a varied, predominantly acidic environment, at different temperatures, either in closed containers, screens or landfills. They had to make expensive investment units for this purpose, which only served this one purpose. In another area, in the treatment of animal waste by a destructive, e.g., boiling, method, by heating it to a higher temperature and by sucking off the aqueous component in the in-house remediation facilities, a large amount of waste pairs of vapors, abundantly enriched with entrained proteins and fats. Veterinary decontamination institutes have problems with these proteins and fats because, after condensation of vapors, they remain in the wastewater and, together with the evaporators or sewerage systems, cause significant deterioration of environmental conditions around veterinary decontamination institutes by the smell and the fact that these waste components they penetrate soil and groundwater.

In addition, the vapor pairs must be able to be cooled to a condensate temperature of about 30 ° C, which results in an increase in the own cost of the veterinary rendering plant.

So far, there are no integrated systems or devices for the economical use of waste and energy in the above-mentioned activities.

These drawbacks are largely eliminated by the inventive hydrocelulose filter, consisting of a double-shell pressure vessel, a filler opening with a cap and a hopper, a discharge opening with a collecting bell shutter of the escape pair with the respective armatures, nozzle densities for inlet the filter pairs, the mixing device and the mainly filter cartridge, ie the lignocellulosic material, the principle of which is that the inlet nozzles of the filtered vapor and the discharge port are located on the bottom of the pressurized container and the collecting bell with the inlet is located at the highest the pressurized shaft of the mixing device provided with the arms and the blades arranged therein is disposed in the pressure vessel and that the level of the filtration charge is in the range of two patches of seven eighths of the clear height of the pressure vessel.

By using a lignocellulosic material as a full pressure vessel, i.e. as a filter material on. The purification of the waste vapors generated during the production of the meat-and-bone meal satisfies the utilization of the thermal energy of the waste steam to heat the lignocellulosic charge during its electrolysis. If brilliant vapors are involved, protein and fat are also enriched in the cell-cellulosic mass, thus increasing its nutritional value.

By installing lignocellulosic filters in remediation institutes, respectively. by associating the filters with the destructors of these institutes, further societal benefits are achieved, namely by improving the ecological conditions of the institutes, by reducing odor and by preventing the penetration of proteins and fats into the lower layers of the soil and the direct financial effect resulting from frontal and zero cooling of escape pairs. Examples of the construction of lignocellulosic filters are shown in the attached drawing, in which Fig. 1 shows a schematic lignocellulosic filter in a partial section through the horizontal axis orientation. .........

FIG. 2 is another alternative to a lignocellulose filter with a vertical axis. FIG. 3 is a detail view of the inlet nozzles of the filtered vapor diffuser, and finally, FIG. 4 illustrates the orientation of the attachment of the extreme row of paddles to the arms of the agitator, causing a self-discharge effect.

The main part of the filter is a closed double-walled rotary pressure vessel 11, embedded in an inlet opening 16 with a separate cap 17 and a hopper 30, an outlet port 18, also with the cap 17. In the top part of the vessel 11 there is a collecting bell 21 provided the separator 24, to which the discharge conduit 22 with the pressure valve 23, in the axis of the container 11 is connected, is a mixing device 12, to which the shaft 13, the legs 14 and the blades 15 are attached. The space between the double shell of the cylindrical portion of the vessel 11 serving to heat or cool the charge is fed through the inlet of the inlet 25 and the heating device is discharged through the outlet of the outlet 2S.

Into the bottom of the nozzle 11 of the nozzle 19, through which the filtered waste steam is fed, their outlet is covered with diffuser caps 20 which prevent it from blowing! on the one hand, the filling of the container 11 into the nozzles 19a on the one hand causes a more intense dispersion of the entering pair. The hatched portion of the interior of the container 11 is a ligno-cellulosic filling that is filled to the surface29. Also shown in the figures are additional devices such as thermometer 27 and gauge 28 for monitoring the course of the charge hydrolysis reaction. Prior to operation, vessel 11cez inlet port 16 is filled with lignocellulosic filter mass up to level 29 and you will spend the chemical reagent to increase!

Claims (6)

1. A lignocellulosic filter consisting of a double-shell pressure vessel provided with an inlet opening with a cap and a hopper, an outlet with a cap and a discharge chute from a solid component separator, a set of nozzles for inlet of the cleaned gases, respectively. vapor and mixing device consisting of a drive, a shaft, arms and vanes, the outer row of vanes being emptying vanes, characterized in that the nozzle assembly (19) for the filtered vapor inlet and outlet port (18) are located at the bottom of the pressure vessel (11) and the collecting bell (21) together with the inlet opening (16) are located in the uppermost parts of the pressure vessel (11), the shaft (13) of the mixing device (12) provided with arms (14) and blades (15) arranged thereon. is disposed in the axis of the pressure vessel (11), and the level of the filter cartridge (29) is at 2/5 to 7/8 of the overall clear height of the vessel (11). Lignocellulosic filter according to claim 1, characterized in that each filtered steam inlet nozzle (19) is provided with a dispersion cap (20). 3. Lignocellulosic filter according to item 1 and friction with proteins and fats and can achieve up to 50% shearability. After filling the vessel 11 with fresh lignocellulosic mass and reagent, the whole process is repeated. In the alternative shown in FIG. 1, the mounting of the arms 1.4 on the shafts 13 of the mixing device 12 inside the container is to be provided. The blades of the verical alternative in FIG. 2, they have a negative angle with the arms 14 with respect to the direction of movement of the mixing device 12, so as to transport the filling of the container 11 from the center to the edges, thereby accelerating the emptying process. The horizontal alternative vanes 15 form the same negative angle with the surface lines of the cylindrical portion of the container 11, thereby achieving the same effect. The collecting bell 21 is provided with a partition. a separator 22 which is either perforated or made of mesh and which separates the gas to be purified. To prevent clogging of the collecting bell 21 with the container shell 11, it is provided that at least one blade path 15 of the mixing device 12 passes in close proximity to the intersection of the bell 21 with the container shell 11. The invention finds use especially in veterinary decontamination workplaces, the network of which is built in our territory in sufficient density, but can be used in other areas, when they encounter several favorable conditions, such as safe and fasting waste steam and sufficient amount of lignocellulosic material. . INVENTION 2, characterized in that the penetration opening of the collecting bell (21) into the pressure vessel (11) is positioned such that the path of at least one of the blades (15) of the mixing device (12) completely overlaps it, the separator (24) being located in the collecting vessel. a bell (21) at a distance from the inner wall of the pressure vessel (11), which is equal to one-quarter to two times the diameter of the penetration opening of the collecting bell (21). 4. The lignocellulosic filter according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one row of vanes (15) mounted on the arms (14) nearest the bottom of the container (11) lies in a plane which is in line with the axis of the shaft (13). The arms (14) have an angle in the range of 0 to 35 °. 5. The lignocellulosic filter according to claim 1, characterized in that each pair of arms (14) is rotated on the shaft (13) by an angle of 30 to 90 [deg.] Relative to the adjacent pair of arms (14). 6. The lignocellulosic filter according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the vanes (15) of different lengths are arranged alternately in the emptying row, i. j. when there is a short blade (15) at the end of one arm (14), there is a long blade (15) at the end of the opposite arm (14).