CS239002B1 - Apparatus for measuring fabric drapes - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for measuring the drape of flat textiles, in which a rotating jaw (2) is mounted on a shaft (9) for a sample (5) of a flat textile, placed in a light strip created by a lighting system (4), defined by a slit (5), a mirror (6) and a phototransistor sensing field (7), formed by phototransistors (97). The phototransistors (97) are connected to the electronic part of the device, equipped with a control button (20) and a control phototransistor (96), to a shift register (11), which is connected to a counter (111) with a display (112) either directly via a reserve counter (15)» gate II (19)» frequency divider (110), or a down counter (16) and a switch (18) are inserted before the reserve counter (15), which is connected via a trigger and control circuit (114) is connected to the Schmitt circuit II (115) and thus to the control phototransistor (96), and to the shift register (11) is connected directly or via the gate I (13) a generator (14) of counting pulses and the Schmitt circuit I (12) with the phototransistor (95), and further the triggering and control circuit (114) is connected directly or via the countdown counter (16) to the accumulator (17). The phototransistors (95, 96) are placed opposite the bulbs (30, 31) and the body of the incremental disk (8), connected to the shaft (9)

Description

(54)

Equipment for measuring flowing of flat fabrics

Apparatus for measuring the drape of a textile fabric in which a rotating jaw (2) for a textile fabric sample (5) is mounted on a shaft (9), positioned in a light strip produced by the lighting system (4) defined by a slot (5); 6) and a phototransistor sensor array (7) consisting of phototransistors (97) · Phototransistors (97) 'are connected to an electronic part of the apparatus, equipped with a control button (20) and a control phototransistor (96), into a shift register (11) which is connected to the counter (111) with the display (112) either directly through the reserve counter (15) »gate II (19)» frequency divider (110), or a reverse counter (16) and a switch ( 18), which is connected to the Schmitt circuit II (115) by means of the triggering and control circuit (114) »and thus the control phototransistor (96), and to the shift register (11) directly or via the gate I (13) 14) po ITAC pulses and Schmitt circuit I (12j with fototranzistérem (95), and further a trigger control circuit (114) connected directly or via a down counter (16) on the latch (17) · Phototransistors (95th 96) are located opposite the bulbs (30, 31) and the incremental disc body (8) connected to the shaft (9) ·

ΞΕΓ p ”

113

Θ

Fig.7

239 002

- 1 239 002

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for measuring the drapability of a fabric

As a characteristic of flat fabrics, the flattened fabric is one of the most important features of its suspended draped state. It is a characteristic corresponding to 8 flexural stiffnesses and, to a certain extent, with the squeezability of the fabric. It is found in all textile fabrics, as well as decorative, residential, zéclonovin etc. For this reason, methods for detecting flushing in many countries are standardized, as well as in Czechoslovakia by the standard ČSN 80 0835.

The method of measuring the drapability of flat fabrics used hitherto is to express the shadow area of a circular fabric sample that is supported in a circular jaw of smaller diameter. Thus, a rectangular projection produces a shadow image that forms the confluent edges of the sample. This shadow image is traced by applying tracing paper. Then, the removed shadow area S _{2 is} compared to the original sample area Sj and the area of the support jaw Sj. The coefficient of drapability is calculated according to the equation

^with 3 ~ ^S 1

The values of k _g lie in the interval 0 - 100, ie. if lim k _g = 0,

S ₂ - Sj samples are stiffer, if lim k _s = 100, they are samples S ₂ - S _x soft, flowing. As can be seen, this method, especially the subtraction of areas, is influenced by subjective influences, the calculation of the coefficient does not happen directly but in a complex way. The measuring time is long and there is also a high power consumption. energy.

239 002

- 2 The equipment for measuring the drape of flat fabrics used up to now consists of a special circular jaw, whose large diameter is 520 mm and is made of transparent material on which a 500 mm diameter flat fabric sample is laid loosely with a smaller support jaw on it. diameter of 180 mm, whereby the jaws are connected by a nut. The clamped sample is flipped over the jaw and forms the upper lid of the projection roller.

It is designed so that light coming from the source located in the lower part enters the large-diameter condenser from which the parallel beams emerge into the upper part of the cylinder on which the special circular jaw with the textile pattern is tipped. The projection of this sample creates a shadow of the edges of the flowing sample on the top plate. Therefore, the device only captures the shadow image and further evaluation is performed by the operator.

These drawbacks are overcome by the fabric flow measurement device according to the invention, in which a rotating jaw for a fabric sample is mounted on a shaft located in a light strip formed by a lighting system delimited by a slit, a mirror and a phototransistor sensing field formed by phototransistors. The principle of the device according to the invention consists in that the phototransistors are connected to an electronic part of the apparatus, equipped with a control button and a control phototransistor, in a shift register which is connected to a counter with cell display directly via a reverse counter, gate II, frequency divider / a reverse counter and switch is connected before the reverse counter, which is connected to the Schmitt circuit II / and thus to the control phototransistor via the start and control circuit, and to the shift register is connected directly or via gate I with a pulse generator and Schmitt circuit I with phototransistor and the trigger and control circuit is coupled directly or via a counter back to the transducer, the control phototransistors being positioned against the bulbs and the incremental disk body connected to the shaft.

By measuring the shape of the shadow by way of projection into the photoelectric sensor, the influence of the person taking the measurement is completely excluded. The built-in electronics automatically evaluate the coefficient

- 3,239,002 Blend that appears on the display. The measuring time is shortened to practically one sample speed, that is to 16 s.

Adding the sample preparation time, including clamping, takes 1 minute, which is 15 times shorter than the classical drape measurement method. The energy savings are about 15 times as the current method will require about 25 Wh, while the proposed new 1.6 Wh method.

The invention and its effects are explained in more detail in the description of the example. 1 shows the rotary jaw drive and FIG. 2 shows the projection part of the fabric flow measurement device according to the invention. Giant. 3 is a graphical representation of the course of the shadow edge. Giant. 4 is a plan view of a rotating jaw with a sample; FIG. 5 a photodiode array; 6 is an incremental disc and FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an electronic portion of a fabric flow measurement device according to the invention.

The device consists of a shaft on which a rotating jaw 2 with a fabric sample 2 is mounted, and an incremental disk 8 for digitizing the signal. The rotating jaw 2 is located in the light bar formed by the lighting assembly 4, defined by the slot 2, the mirror 6 and the phototransistor sensing field 2 formed by the phototransistors 97. The phototransistors 97 transmit the electronic component signal to the shift register 11. reverse counter 12, gate II 19 and frequency divider 110, or upstream reverse counter 15 switch 18 and reverse counter 16, connected counter 111, the data shown on the display 112. The shift register 11 is either directly or via gate 13 connected phototransistor 95 with Schmitt key The pulse generator 14 and also the control phototransistor 96 via the start and control circuit 114, with the pushbutton 20 and the gate 12, are further connected either directly or via a switch 18 to the reverse counter 16, and also either directly _f or via the reverse counter 16 to the transducer 17. The electronic part is further equipped with a control button

4,239,002 and a control phototransistor 96. Phototransistors 95-96 are illuminated by bulbs 30, 31 whose light beam is obscured by the body of the incremental disk 8 connected to the shaft 9.

The method of measuring the drapability of a fabric according to the invention consists in a method of detecting the edges of a flowing circular pattern which is supported in a jaw of the same type as in the current method. By illuminating the edge of a sample while rotating it with a light band, this image is projected into a sensing field from which it is further processed as a variable electrical quantity.

Circular jaw 2 in which a sample 3 of diameter is supported

300 mm according to FIG. 11 is driven by a synchronous motor 1 with a high gear ratio to a speed of n = 0.06 s, the influence of centrifugal force on the sample being negligible.

The rotating jaw, respectively the edge of the sample, is located in the light strip that forms the lighting assembly 4 of FIG. 2, delimited by the slit% and the mirror 6 that casts a rectangular strip of light onto the rotating jaw 2. 1 in the phototransistor sensing field χ. The registration of the values of voltage or length 1 as a function of speed shown in FIG. 3 is essentially rectification of the polar shadow diagram into orthogonal coordinates. The a denotes the phototransistors and b denotes the rectified shape of the sample shadow. The average value 7 of one revolution corresponds to the average Rg of Fig. 4 and the relation for the calculation of the coefficient of drapeability becomes:

p2 _ τ> 2 ^k s =

TR ² - TR

10 ² =

10% /.

24 phototransistors were used to sense the length l _e , covering a usable length ljtj. 60 mm with a reading accuracy of 2 mm. They are assembled into the sensor strip according to Fig. 5 and connected. That the individual data to be processed into the final calculation of the coefficient for _g drapability should be the original signal of FIG. 3 digitized. This is done using the incremental disk 8,

- 5 ~

6, in which holes are drilled at an angular pitch = 2 [deg.] For the control pulses of the phototransistor 95 and one hole and the corresponding phototransistor 96 for limiting 1 revolution.

The electronic part of the instrument performs the draining calculation according to the adjusted relation of the coefficient k

The signal of phototransistors 97 and control pulses of phototransistors 95 and 96 are used for the calculation. · Processing of input quantities of electronic part and evaluation of coefficient of coefficient k is s digital, based on pulse counting. The radii R, R and R ₂ are quantized, one quantization step corresponds to one pulse of the electrical signal. The width of step a is given by the size of the sensing field of one phototransistor placed in the scanning bar, respectively. in the annulus R ^ + R ^. For n phototransistors, the step width is a = (R ^ -R ^ y / n).

The radius R ^ corresponds to p ^ = nR - ^ / (R ^ -R ^) quantum steps and the radius R ^ then ρ ^ = hR ^ / ÍR ^ -R ^) and the radius Rg ... p ₂ = nR ₂ / ( R ₁ -R ₁ ) of the steps where ^p 2 ^{= p} 1 ^{+ Δ p} 1 p is the number of unlit phototransistors in the annulus 2 R 1 and the adjustment applies to coefficients from R 1 + R 1. Pe substitution for R- ^, flow coefficient relation (pj-p! - Δ p) (p ₃ + p _x + Δ p) ^p 3

Since the radii R ^ and R ^ are constant given by the size of the specimen and the supporting jaws, the values of p ^ and P ₃ are constant. The calculation of the coefficient of drapeability is then converted to the form (k _x - Δρ) (k ₂ * 4 p)

- 6 where 239 002 ^k l ^{= p} 3 ^p l> ^k 2 ^{= p} 3 * ^p l »S ^{= / P} 3 ' ^p l ^{// 100} ·

Phototransistors 97 are connected to the parallel inputs of the n-bit shift register II, with the unlit photoelements writing to the register level H, illuminated level L, see the block diagram of the electronic section in Figure 7. The parallel inputs are controlled by phototransistor Fo _and flip-flop Schmitt I 12 This flip-flop also controls the shift of the data in the shift register 11 via the gate 13, as the output signal from the shift register 11 shifts pulses from the counting generator 14. If the shift register output is L-level, the counted pulses are blocked by the gate, at H-level they are transmitted to the counter inputs of both the reverse counter 15 and the reverse counter 16. Both counters have set states corresponding to constants before starting the function. Reverse counter 15 is set to kgm, back to km, where m is the number of pulses emitted by phototransistor 95 during one revolution of incremental disk 8. Since the measurement lasts one revolution, begins and ends with the pulse of the control phototransistor 96, counters 15 m / k2 ♦ p / and back counters 16 m / ki - p /, where p corresponds to the mean value of the number of unlit phototransistors in the annulus Rj + R5 during one revolution of the incremental disk 8.

The actual coefficient of draining k ₈ is calculated by multiplying the number states stored in the reverse counter 15 and the reverse counter 16. First, the state of the reverse counter 16 is transferred to the transducer 17. Then the counting pulses from the generator via the switch 18 the gate 12 and the frequency divider 110 are read into the pre-zeroed counter 111. At the zero state of the reverse counter 16, the numeric state of the reverse counter 15 is decremented and the reverse counter state is reset to the original value stored in the inverter 17. when the zero counter of the reverse counter 15 disables the gate 19 and terminates the calculation. Since the frequency divider 110 has a split ratio l / tn of ² kj, upon completion of the calculation at the counter 111, the state corresponding to the coefficient of dye k _s that is displayed on the display 112 will be.

- 7,239,002

The function of the electronic part is triggered by a button 20 and a phototransistor 96 which, by means of a flip-flop Schmitt circuit II 115, controls the trigger and control circuit 114 through which the operation of the electronic part is controlled.

The invention can be used in the textile industry

Claims (1)

BEFORE THE INVENTION 239 002 Apparatus for measuring the drape of a fabric in which a rotating jaw for a fabric sample is mounted on a shaft disposed in a light strip formed by a lighting system delimited by a slit, a mirror and a phototransistor sensing field formed by phototransistors, characterized in that the phototransistors (97) are connected to the electronic part of the instrument, equipped with a control button (20) and a control phototransistor (96), to a shift register (11), which is connected to a counter (111) with a display (112) either directly via a reverse counter (15), gate II (19), a frequency divider (110), or a reverse counter (16) and a switch (18) connected to the Schmitt circuit II (115) and a reverse switch (18) prior to the reverse counter (15); thus also to the control phototransistor (96) and to the shift register (11) is connected directly or via the gate I / 15 / to a generator (14) of counting impu and the Schmitt circuit I (12) with phototransistors (95), and further, the starter and control circuit (114) are connected directly or via a counter (16) to the transducer (17), the phototransistors (95, 96) being located opposite the bulbs. (50, 51) and an incremental disc body (8) connected to the shaft (9).